高考英语考点 16形容词

考点十六形容词

定义：形容词是用来修饰名词的词，描述名词的性质、外观、特点等。

功能：形容词可以做定语、表语或补助语。

分类：主要分为两类，描绘性形容词和限定性形容词。

描绘性形容词主要用来描绘大、小、新旧、颜色、质量等。

限定性形容词主要用来限定所修饰词的数量、距离及范围所属等。

1．当形容词修饰单数可数名词时，必须与冠词连用；

a lovely girl the naughty boy

2．形容词可与系动词连用，做表语，说明主语的性状。常用系动词有：be, become, seem, appear, feel, look, taste, smell, sound, remain, go, turn, keep, stay.

The dish tastes delicious.

The music sounds sweet.

The milk went bad.

小心陷阱：feel, smell, taste, look, keep有时可以用作实义动词，并可以用副词修饰。

He looked me up an down carefully.

I tasted the soup slowly to see whether it was salty.

3．形容词用做后置定语。(简单理解：一般的形容词修饰名词时放在名词前面，但有些形容词修饰名词时放在名词后面)

a river navigable (一条可通航的河)

sight visible 可见的景象

person responsible 负责人

注意：responsible person有责任心的人

the best way possible 尽可能好的办法

the number necessary 必要的数量

the people present在场的人

4．只能作表语的形容词

(1) 某些表示健康状况的形容词：well 健康的；ill 病的；faint虚弱的；poorly 身体不好的；His mother has been ill for a long time.

注意：sick 是个特别，它既可以做表语，又可以做定语。He is a sick person. 他是个病人。

(2) 某些以a-开头的形容词

如：afraid 害怕的；alone独自的；alive 活着的；asleep 睡着的；awake 醒着的；aware 意识到的

The old man is alone in the house. 老人一个人在家。

The teacher is alive with enthusiasm. 这位老师热情洋溢。

He is asleep in his mother’s arms. 他在母亲的怀抱中睡着了。

I have been aware of the difficulty. 我已经意识到了困难。

5．当一系列形容词修饰名词时，须注意排列顺序：代词形容词+数量形容词+性状形容词+名词。

a broken small old gray stone bridge.

such a good yellow pen.

用所给词的适当形式填空

1. —Are you satisfied with the result of the exam?

—Not at all. I can’t have a ________ (bad) one.

2. How ________ (disappoint) it was to have missed the train!

3. Of the two boys，Jim is the ________ (young) one，and he is also the one who loves to be noisy.

4. Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as ________ (large) as that of theirs.

5. Mr. Zhang once taught in a remote village in Anhui Province as a volunteer，which was ________ (access) only on foot.

1.（2018·新课标II卷·语法填空）According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total________(globe)fertilizer consumption.

【答案】global

【解析】global 考查词性转换。句意：根据世界银行统计，中国占全球化肥消耗的30%。此处修饰名词fertilizer consumption，所以用形容词，故答案为global，全球的。

2.（2018·浙江·语法填空）The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be________(afford) but doing this most days adds up.

【答案】affordable

【解析】l考查词性转化，be+adj,构成系表结构，所以此处用形容词，故答案为affordable.

1.（2018·新课标I卷·语法填空）Running is cheap, easy and it's always ________(energy). 【答案】energetic

【解析】考查词性转换。根据前面的is cheap,easy,所以后面的is 后也应为形容词energetic 此处意思应为“有效的，效果显著的”，主语不是人，不能翻译为“精力充沛的”。故答案为energetic。

2.【2018·江苏】34. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.

A. keen

B. reluctant

C. anxious

D. ready

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：尽管旅馆服务不好，经理还不愿投入为员工提供足够的培训。A. keen敏锐的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. ready准备好的。故选B。