中英对照-铸件缺陷专业术语

CASTING DEFECTS

铸件缺陷

Casting defects may deter form the visual quality of the components causing rejections, More serious types of defect are those which increase local stresses or reduce the effective cross sectional area of the casting and thereby lower the mechanical properties. Internal defects of various types will cause reductions in fatigue properties and shock reistance.

铸件缺陷可能会阻止零组件的视觉质量并造成报废。较严重的缺陷类型是指那些使局部应力增加或使铸件有效横断面面积减少的缺陷，从而降低了机械性能。各种类型的内部缺陷将会导致疲劳性能和抗冲击性能的下降。

Accurate identifions of defect type is necessary for rectification to be made to either the process or the input material quality.

在对工艺抑或输入材料的质量进行纠正的过程中，需要准确地指明这些缺陷的类型。

DROSS AND INCLUSIONS

浮渣(熔渣)及杂质

Aluminium oxide or dross is formed at the molten metal/air interface. Dross may be removed by skimming the molten metal surface prior to dipping, tapping or decanting the metal. A flux may be used to recover molten metal form the dross, chlorin injection will reduce suspended non-metallic par-ticles.

氧化铝或浮渣(熔渣)形成于熔融金属/空中接口。可在对金属进行浸渍、出钢或倾析之前，采用撇除熔融金属/表面的方式，将浮渣(熔渣)移除。可能会采用溶剂来从浮渣(熔渣)中回收熔融金属，注入氯气将会降低悬浮的非金属颗粒。

Limiting the molten metal surface exposed to the air will reduce dross formation. To reduce dross inclusions in castings, a turbulence free metal flow is required. Molten metal may be filtered to remove particles.

对暴露于空气中的熔融金属表面进行限制，将减少浮渣(熔渣)的形成。为了减少铸件中的夹渣，需要采取无湍流金属流动。可

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能会对熔融金属进行过滤以清除颗粒。

BLOWHOLES

气泡

Blowholes are that appear on the surface of a casting and are caused by not drying out the mould material or mould release agents sufficiently, prior to casting.

气泡是指出现在铸件表面的孔穴，它们是由于在铸造开始之前，没有对浇注材料或脱模剂进行干燥所致的。

The presence of organic material in sand moulds may cause a local gas or steam generation when contacted by hot metal.

沙模中出现有机材料可能会产生局部气体或蒸汽(与熔融金属接触时)。

SHRINKAGE POROSITY

收缩孔隙度

Shrinkage porosity on a casting surface is due to poor feeding, uncontrolled solidification or poor metal fluidity which causes metal to shrink away from the mould surface. This may be rectified by a change in the feeding arrangement, or the location of chills or a change of alloy. With metal moulds, too high a pouring temperature may cause this condition.

铸件表面上的收缩孔隙度是由于送料不良、未受控凝固、或金属流动性不良所致，它使金属从模具表面退缩。对于这一点，可以通过改变给料布置或激冷位置或改变合金，进行纠正。采用金属铸型，过高的浇注温度可能会导致这种情况的发生。

Interior shrinkage porosity is not easily seen as the exterior appearance of a casting may be sound, but the interior could suffer form excessive porosity, which is caused by poor feeding.

在铸件的外观完好的情况下，则不易看到内部收缩孔隙度，但外部可能会遭受过分疏松，而这是由于给料不良所造成的。SHRINKAGE CRACKS

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