名词单复数、名词所有格解读

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中考专用辅导教材

中考词法部分一

(一)名词单复数

英语可数名词的单复数:英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下:

①在单数名词词尾加s 。如:map → maps,boy → boys,horse → horses,table→ tables.

②s ,o ,x ,sh ,ch 结尾的词加es . 如:class →classes ,box→boxes ,hero→heroes ,

dish →dishes ,

bench→benches.

[注]:少数以o 结尾的词,变复数时只加s 。如:photo →photos ,

piano→pianos.

③以辅音字母加y 结尾的名词,变y 为i ,再加es 。如:family →families ,city→

cities ,

party →parties.

④以f 或fe 结尾的名词,变f 或fe 为v ,再加es 。如:shelf →shelves ,wolf→wolves ,life →lives ,knife→knives.

2、不规则变化:

man →men ,woman→women ,sheep→sh eep ,tooth →teeth ,fish→fish ,child →children ,ox →oxen ,goose→geese

不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。

如:a bag of rice→two bags of rice,

a piece of paper →three pieces of paper ,a bottle of milk →five bottles of milk. PS :不同国家人的复数表达法:

随堂练习

一、用所给单词的适当形式填空

1.Give me two________(glass of milk, please.

2.He reads some _______(story about Zhou Enlai

3.How many ________(people are there in your family?

4.Those________( pair of shoes for your mother.

5.There are two _______(knife in the pencil box.

6.Please buy some _______(bread for me.

7.How many _______(watch are there in the shop.

8.Where are the ________(mouse?

9.Lucy has two_______(bag of ______(book.

10.I’d like three_______(cup of _______(tea.

二、写出下列单词的复数形式

boy peach roof sheep tooth Chinese hero baby mouse bus

(二)、名词所有格

表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。

用法:

1、有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s ,如:Childern ’s Day(儿童节)

2、以s 或es 结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加’。如:Teachers ’ Day (教师节)

3、有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s. 如:today ’s newspaper(今天的报纸),ten minutes’ break (十分钟的课间休息),China ’s populati on(中国的人口).

4、无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of 短语来表示所有关系。如: a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).

例外:(1)‘s 还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺.

如:my aunt’s (我阿姨家),the doctor’s 诊所

(2)表示共有与分别拥有的区别

中考演练

1. (2004年上海徐汇区中考试题)

These _________ have saved many children’s lives.

A. woman doctors

B. women doctor

C. women doctors

D. woman doctor

2. (2004年河北省中考试题

This is _________ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.

A. Anne and Jane

B. Anne’s and Jane’s

C. Anne’s and Jane

D. Anne and Jane’s

3. (2004年吉林省中考试题

---Are there any ________ on the farm?

---Yes, there are some.

A. horse

B. duck

C. chicken

D. sheep

4. (2004年佛山市中考试题

---What would you like to drink, ________ or orange?

---Orange, please.

A. hamburger

B. chip

C. tea

【中考演练】

一. 单项填空

1.--- Where have you been, Tim?

--- I’ve been to ______.

A. the Henry house

B. the Henry family

C. The Henry’s home

D. the Henry’s

2.In England, if ___ is in the middle of the day, the evening meal is called supper.

A. food

B. lunch

C. breakfast

D. dinner

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