名词单复数、名词所有格解读
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中考专用辅导教材
中考词法部分一
(一)名词单复数
英语可数名词的单复数:英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下:
①在单数名词词尾加s 。如:map → maps,boy → boys,horse → horses,table→ tables.
②s ,o ,x ,sh ,ch 结尾的词加es . 如:class →classes ,box→boxes ,hero→heroes ,
dish →dishes ,
bench→benches.
[注]:少数以o 结尾的词,变复数时只加s 。如:photo →photos ,
piano→pianos.
③以辅音字母加y 结尾的名词,变y 为i ,再加es 。如:family →families ,city→
cities ,
party →parties.
④以f 或fe 结尾的名词,变f 或fe 为v ,再加es 。如:shelf →shelves ,wolf→wolves ,life →lives ,knife→knives.
2、不规则变化:
man →men ,woman→women ,sheep→sh eep ,tooth →teeth ,fish→fish ,child →children ,ox →oxen ,goose→geese
不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。
如:a bag of rice→two bags of rice,
a piece of paper →three pieces of paper ,a bottle of milk →five bottles of milk. PS :不同国家人的复数表达法:
随堂练习
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Give me two________(glass of milk, please.
2.He reads some _______(story about Zhou Enlai
3.How many ________(people are there in your family?
4.Those________( pair of shoes for your mother.
5.There are two _______(knife in the pencil box.
6.Please buy some _______(bread for me.
7.How many _______(watch are there in the shop.
8.Where are the ________(mouse?
9.Lucy has two_______(bag of ______(book.
10.I’d like three_______(cup of _______(tea.
二、写出下列单词的复数形式
boy peach roof sheep tooth Chinese hero baby mouse bus
(二)、名词所有格
表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。
用法:
1、有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s ,如:Childern ’s Day(儿童节)
2、以s 或es 结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加’。如:Teachers ’ Day (教师节)
3、有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s. 如:today ’s newspaper(今天的报纸),ten minutes’ break (十分钟的课间休息),China ’s populati on(中国的人口).
4、无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of 短语来表示所有关系。如: a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).
例外:(1)‘s 还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺.
如:my aunt’s (我阿姨家),the doctor’s 诊所
(2)表示共有与分别拥有的区别
中考演练
1. (2004年上海徐汇区中考试题)
These _________ have saved many children’s lives.
A. woman doctors
B. women doctor
C. women doctors
D. woman doctor
2. (2004年河北省中考试题
This is _________ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.
A. Anne and Jane
B. Anne’s and Jane’s
C. Anne’s and Jane
D. Anne and Jane’s
3. (2004年吉林省中考试题
---Are there any ________ on the farm?
---Yes, there are some.
A. horse
B. duck
C. chicken
D. sheep
4. (2004年佛山市中考试题
---What would you like to drink, ________ or orange?
---Orange, please.
A. hamburger
B. chip
C. tea
【中考演练】
一. 单项填空
1.--- Where have you been, Tim?
--- I’ve been to ______.
A. the Henry house
B. the Henry family
C. The Henry’s home
D. the Henry’s
2.In England, if ___ is in the middle of the day, the evening meal is called supper.
A. food
B. lunch
C. breakfast
D. dinner