英语测试理论与实践期末AC部分整理

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英语测试理论与实践期末AC部分整理

Chapter 1Section A1.Why is Elle Woods considered diverse by Harvard Law School And why is Elle Woods admitted by Harvard Law School What can we learn from it about American cultureElle Woods is considered diverse by Harvard Law School because she’s a fashion major and her practices out of class are quite different from other students, who are usually politics, history or philosophy majors. Elle Woods was admitted by Harvard Law School mainly because they are looking for diverse students like Elle. From it, we can learn that American educational system encourages the development of , we can also realize that culture shapes people’s discourse and behaviors, which influences the communication between people.2.Discuss in groups the strengths and weaknesses of the American and Chinese education systems. Present your ideas to the whole class after your discussion.American education system emphasize that students should be diverse and take part in a lot of social practice, which contributes to the all-round development of students. However, American students usually lose in the competition with Chinese students because they don’t highlight the test skills. By contrast, Chinese education is a exam-oriented education, which put the exam at first. Therefore, Chinese students are often good at exam but lack experience of social practice and don’t know how to communicate with strangers.3.Why do Chinese and Americans develop different education systems What are the cultural factors underlying the differencesThe cultural difference generates the different education system between America and China. American culture is characteristic of opening and highlights social practice while Chinese culture is rigorous and highlights the role of parents and teachers. In this sense, students should respect for and obey their command and pay all attention to exam in terms of fierce competition.Section C1.Why did Zhao say ‘America is a good place, but it’s too dull’What can we learn about Chinese cultureWhen his son went to work, Zhao was quite lonely and didn’t have any friends. This kind of life was much different from his farming life in China, where he had many friends and neighbors around, talking, drinking tea and playing mabjongtogether during the leisure time. Chinese culture is a group-oriented culture, where people would like to interact with each other.2.Why did most Chinese families decide to grow vegetables instead of flowers on their land What can we learn about Chinese cultureChinese people are very diligent and thrifty. For them, it is wasteful to use land to raise flowers. Chinese culture which is characteristic of collectivism is a guideline that shapes Chinese behaviors.3.Culture is often compared to the ‘software’of people’mind. Cite the examples in this case to explain the sentence.When Zhao was in American, he was very lonely and had no friend. That summer was the happiest time for him because he could communicate with his friends. From this example, we can learn that culture governs people’s mind and determines whether they are happy or example is the choice of Chinese families to grow vegetables. From it, we can learn that culture governs people’s behavior and provides guidelines for what to do and what not to do.Chapter 2Section A1.In the movie, Jonathan wants to get Sara’s phone number, but their process of communication fails. What elements go wrong in this processWhen Sara gives her phone number to Jonathan, the paper is blown into a trash. Jonathan takes it as an accident, but Sara regards it as a sign of fate, which is telling her not to develop their relationship. Their different outlook to life causes the breakdown of the process of communication.2.In the movie, how many things does Sara do in order to test fate And what are they What do you think of these behaviorsThree things. The first one is that Sara asks Jonathan to write down his phone number on a $5 bill and spends the bill in a little grocery store. The second one is that she promises to write down her number inside a book and sell it to a used bookstore. The third one is that she asks Jonathan to get into a hotel with her and proposes that she and Jonathan pick the same floor in the lift randomly. I think Sara believes in fate and regard the fate as the foundation of feelings.3.A famous anthropologist once said that ‘Culture is communication andcommunication is culture.’ Do you agree Why or why notYes. Because people in different cultures have different contexts, which influence how they communicate. In this case, Sara with a belief of fate can’t communicate with Jonathan not believing fate very well. Furthermore communication may be culture, because people often communicate with each other will have the same interest, habits and beliefs, which create the new culture.Section C1.What the mode of communication favored by Asians What cultural values underlie itAsian people are very courteous and indirect in the communication. Because they emphasize group harmony, they ere tolerant when they are offended. These collectivism values, shaped by Confucian teachings, were spread from China to many Asian countries.2.What is the mode of communication favored by Westerners What cultural values underlie itWesterners are direct and frank in the communication. And they have s strong sense of protecting their own rights. Individualism values are the principles guiding their behaviors.3. 同上面3Chapter 3Section A1.In the hearing, why does Xu Datong invite John to be his lawyer although John is not familiar with family law What can you learn from it about Chinese cultureXu Datong invited John to be his lawyer because John was his best friend. In his opinion, Chinese usually ask their intimate relationship for help to solve some intractable problems as this kind of relationship will make more effort to help you. Hence, we know that China is a collectivism society and Chinese people usually emphasize interdependence and collective relations.2.Why doesn’t John defend Xu Datong in the hearing What can we learn from this about Chinese cultureFrom the photos, John spontaneously considered that Dennis was abused by his father,which was illegal in America. That's why John rejected to defend Xu Datong. From it, we can see that in America, people are attached importance to the truth and law rather than to the interpersonal relationship, which is the most obvious characteristic of an individualism society and is different from a collectivism society.3.Why does Xu Datong tell the judge he performed Guasha on Dennis What can we learn from this about Chinese cultureOn Chinese' view, the young man is the brace of a family and he should be responsible for the whole family. Although Dennis' injury was created by his grandfather in fact, Xu Datong realized that he should shoulder the responsibility according to Chinese traditional culture.4.Who shall we ask for help when we get into legal troubles, our relatives and friends or a lawyerI would like to ask the lawyers for help when I get into legal the one hand, lawyers understand the laws and regulations and they know how to use laws to debate while your friends or relations who are willing to help you are possibly not familiar to laws. In fact, lawyers are useful in dealing with legal troubles than your friends and relatives. On the other hand, the fact and evidence are more emphasized in modern society. When the justice judged the legal cases and make the verdicts, they will notice the evidence and truth rather than persons.Section C1.Could you understand why Mile called the police What can we learn about American culture and Chinese cultureMike called the police because his grandmother beat him which was forbidden in America. In China, 'beating' is a regular and popular way to educate children. It is a common sense. 'Beating' can date back to ancient Chinese education when the teachers gave serious punishment to students doing something wrong. In America, 'beating' is forbidden and illegal. Parents always use mild methods such as persuasion or suggestion to educate their American children realize their right to protect themselves, which is influenced by freedom and equality propagated by The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizens.2.Why couldn’t Xue Suling carry out her original plan of Chinese language teaching What can we learn Learning about American culture and Chinese cultureChinese is very difficult, especially in speaking and must have an environment of Chinese language and substantial , Mike and Xue Suling didn't have these conditions. In China, children’ s learning is manipulated by the teachers and parents and perhaps monitored for the whole day. In America, children should learnhow to be independent of their parents from the moment they are born. They arrange their own , Xue Suling can't carry out her original plan. From it, we could realize that American highlight individual rights, which is the same as other individualism countries and areas.Chapter 4Section A1.Discuss the image of the whale as a symbol of nature, and Captain Ahab’s attitude towards it.The whale is a symbol of the nature, is a concrete embodiment of the powerful nature. Nature is rich and generous, it is a treasure for humans, providing humans with food and clothes. If losing it, humans will die. Nature is also stingy, it never gives something to humans on its own initiative, humans rely on plundering(掠夺)it to get what they want. Captain Ahab is the representative of human. He is a person with strength and perseverance as well as craziness, selfish and arrogance. He fights against the whale parallel to the behavior that people conquer the nature. For him ,the mission is holy and historic. In fact, human are confused a question whether the nature is friend or enemy, but the conflict between human and nature is inevitable.Section C1.What can we learn about Mexican culture from the reward system of PAMEXFrom this case, we learn that the Mexican culture is reserved and group-oriented. It highlights the group harmony and interpersonal relationships.2.What can we learn about American culture from the reward system USAHPThe American culture is more individualistic, result-oriented and analytic.3.How do you explain the phenomenon in this case, applying the theory of the relationship between humans What cultural differences caused the resistance of the local staff in PAMEX after the acquisitionBecause of the radically cultural differences between the American management and the Mexican staff, it was a challenge for the American management to accept for the Mexican staff and pay attention to the fundamental values in human relationship under Mexican circumstances.4.If you were one of the managers from USAHP, concerning the local culture, what measures will you take to promote the motivation of the original staff in PAMEX If I was one of the managers from USAHP, I would like to respect and promote the culture and philosophy of the original staff in PAMEX. With the merge and acquisition, the culture clash became increasingly obvious. If the company wanted to manage the PAMEX and its employees, it should observe the original cultures. It should glorify and support that PAMEX promoted, rewarded and retained employees based on their loyalty to the firm and to their immediate supervisors, and oninterpersonal connections. Approving the cultures and customs of the original staff in PAMEX, they would be promoted to work hard and contribute to the company USAHP.Chapter 5Section C1.What can we learn from the first case Use Hofstede’s ‘Uncertainty avoidance’dimension to explain your answer.‘Uncertainty avoidance’ indicates how much a society feels threatened by ambiguous situations and tries to avoid them by providing rules, believing in absolute truths, and refusing to tolerate deviance. Some cultures, such as Greece, Portugal, Belgium, Japan and Spain are averse to the unknown. Such cultures emphasize uniformity and dislike deviance. Such cultures may be rather emotional in the process of gathering information. Foreign teachers need detailed instructions. They hope to reduce the ambiguity in their expectations for the working in China. Thus they turn to Chinese officials to tell them exactly their responsibility, rights, the regulations, the available facilities, the accommodations. Such information helps reduce the anxiety.2.If you are in America, what will you do to get a book you need What can we learn from this case Use Hofstede’s ‘individualism-collectivism’dimension to explain your answer.According to Hofstede’s research, collectivist cultures tend to be Asian and Latin American, while the individualistic cultures are North American and European. Collectivist cultures emphasize common interest, cooperation, conformity and inter-dependence. They have tight social framework, where people help each other. The in-group includes one’s family, relatives, acquaintances, friends, classmates and colleagues. In individualistic cultures, people highlight their own needs. They emphasize more ‘I’ than ‘we’. Thus, if an American wants to borrow a book from another library, he would directly consult the staff working at the library to see whether the library is available to him. Then, he will inquire the procedures for obtaining books from that library. He will not ask his friends for help. In China, however, one would first try to find someone he knows to help him.3.What does ‘friend’ mean to Chinese What does ‘friend’ mean to AmericansAccording to Hofstede’s research, America ranked in individualism worldwide. Americans respect other privacy and maintain certain distance. Even friends should try not to be very demanding. If friends ask for help, they should make their requests reasonable. While Chinese belong to community, so friends have a closer relationship. One encountering some troubles, wants his friend to help him. In China, friends are the people that one can depend on and trust.Chapter 6Section A1.Why is the meaning of ‘I like your sweater’ very clear in the WestIn the West, the meaning of the sentence ‘I like your sweater’ is very clear because of the low-context style of communication, in which most of the information in the communication is transmitted in the verbal speech.2.Why is the meaning of ‘I like your sweater’ very clear In Asian societiesIn Asian societies, the meaning of the ‘I like your sweater’is not clear because of the high-context style of communication, in which people may transmit a large amount information in the context rather than in verbal speech.3.What are the differences between Chinese and Western culture What are the differences between Chinese and Western languageChinese culture is a typical high-context culture in which people’s communication is indirect and tentative. Sometimes they don’t really mean what they say simply. Western culture is a low-context culture in which people’s communication is direct and frank. For example, if a westerner say that he likes the painting, he only express an appreciation while Chinese may mean he wants to have one.Section C1.Did my daughter really mean it when she refused her Filipino classmate’s offer What can we learn about the culture Use Hall’s culture context model to illustrate it.No, she didn’t really mean it. She wanted to have a hamburger very much. She refuse her classmate’s offer just because she was Chinese. She knew the hamburger was quite expensive, so she didn’t want to ask a favor of her classmate. If she had done so, she would have thought she had taken financial advantage of her classmate. Chinese culture is a typical high-context culture in which people’s communication is indirect and tentative. Sometimes they don’t really mean what they say simply.2.What makes the Filipino girl consider the invitation as genuine What can wen learn about her culture Use Hall’s culture context model to illustrate it.Generally, westerners consider an invitation as genuine if it makes a definite time, place and activity. In this case, all three criteria were very clear, so the Filipino girl considered the invitation as genuine, and very happy to accept it. She didn’t know her Chinese classmate extended the offer just out of courtesy. For people of low-context cultures, who adopt the direct and frank communication, they must pay attention to discerning the real intentions of those of high-context cultures.Chapter 7Section A1.Why Eliza was so bad in spite of her successful performance at the party.Eliza got better education performed well in order to lure Higgins who was her teacher and who she liked and expect his concern. However, Higgins ignored exhausted Eliza, only boasted to his friends and celebrated the success, which made Eliza frustrated. Furthermore, Eliza didn’t get ready for the success and was confused about the future.Section C1.Do you think it is necessary to rename the dragon as Chinese symbol WhyI think it is necessary to rename the dragon as Chinese symbol since the misunderstanding of the Chinese ancient totem 'dragon' has influenced the spread of Chinese culture. For Chinese view, dragon equivalent to emperor symbolizes royal and majesty which receive respect and honor. In western opinion, dragon represents a fearsome, threatening animal. If we want to make westerners have much knowledge of Chinese culture and the ancient totems especially dragon, a symbol for honesty, good fortune, and happiness in the minds of Chinese people, we are supposed to eliminate their prejudice and misunderstanding firstly. Therefore, renaming the dragon is an urgent affair and vital campaign which is associated with the China' s rebuilding the cultural system all over the world.2.Do other animals inspire different associations in China and Western countries Peacock also inspires different associations in China and Westerncountries. Chinese believe that the peacock is a symbol of auspicious festival, so people often describe the peacock as beautiful people or things. For example, the ancient Chinese have a love story "the peacock flies to southeast". The dancer Dao Meilan is famous for dancing "peacock dance", and is known as "peacock princess". Yang Liping dances a performance called the spirit of "sparrow" beautifully, which is full of praise.Ancient oracle character "Phoenix" has a bunch of beautiful pappus, a long and beautiful tail behind. The overall graphic is a picture of the peacock pictographic drawing completely. The peacock in China since ancient times is regarded as a kind of beauty, auspicious bird.Nevertheless the peacock in the western value has a reverse believe that the peacock is strutting when walking defiantly and often shows off its beauty by its tail, which is considered as 'proud' and 'vanity' in the west. So the peacock in the west has a derogatory sense. The second explanation of the 'peacock' in American Heritage Dictionary is a megalomania person given to self - display. For example, she strutted like a peacock, looking down her nose at everyone which demonstrates the woman was pride.Chapter 8Section A1.Is different social status the obstacle of true love or marriageThe different social status is the obstacle of true love and marriage. People with different status have different education and different kinds of friends. They have different communications,which create different value and outlook on life. At the same time, they have different interests and habits. If two people have many differences above, they will have controversy and disparity, which lead to disharmonious marriage.Section C1.Can you explain why Joe said, ‘While in China, I sometimes felt like a prisoner’ Because the itinerary arranged by Hong and her department without consulting with Joe was so tight that he had no free time to explore the city and the surrounding area on his own.2.Can you tell the differences between Chinese hospitality and American hospitality Chinese hospitality features that the host should arrange everything well for the visitor. In the story, Hong and the chair of her department met Joe at the airport, put him up in a nice hotel, arranged a big dinner for him for the evening and gave him the itinerary for the next few days. In fact, Hong spent much time making sure Joe's visit would go smoothly. Similarly, if the visitor comes to China for the first time, Chinese always devise all of the itinerary and require the visitor to complete the visit according to the itinerary. Furthermore, Chinese make these plans which leave no time for the visitor to conduct independently without inquiring the visitor. As the conclusion, the visitor who from other areas especially from western countries would feel grateful for everything at the beginning but annoyed and deprived because of the tight itinerary later.However, westerners prefer to suggest and inquire rather than to make the plans directly. If the visitor needs a guide, they are grateful and honored. Surely, they will ask what you like to go and when you want to get cracking on going there. On the contrary, if you want to enjoy a trip independently, they will respect you and merely suggest some interesting and worthwhile resorts, which makes you feel more relaxed. In brief, Chinese hospitality is enthusiastic but semi-compulsory while American hospitality is more appropriate and relaxing.Chapter 9Section Cdid the same advertisement succeed in France but fail in Saudi Arabia Why did the adapted version of the advertisement succeedEach culture has different understanding of touching. Americans, the English, Germans and Northern Europeans belong to low-touch cultures while Hispanics, people of Eastern European, Italians, the French, Arabs, and Jews are high-touch cultures. Whether considered to be high-or low-touch, defines for its members whom they can touch, as well as when and where they can cannot touch. For example, although the French and Arabs are considered high-touch cultures, the French culture permits a mutual directional touching between men and women while in Arabian cultures, the male do it much more than the female. In France, women touching men frequently is proper, but in Arab it seems that the female is too aggressive which gives a negative impression to the male. In the adapted version, the touching was reduced and neutralized. As a result, the picture in the ads implies that the man is so irresistible that the lady can’t help getting close to him in spite of her awareness of the cultural rule.3.What do you learn from Drakkar Noir’s storyIf we want a advertisement to be success in a nation, we should know about the nation’s culture. People raised in different culture would have different viewpoints,which decide whether your advertisement would lure consumers in the nation. In this case, the former advertisement failed because it didn’t follow the nation’s culture, especially the understanding of touching. Therefore, it didn’t lure consumers. However, after it investigated the culture and changed the picture, it succeeded.Chapter 10Section A1.The Indian and American concepts of ‘Time’ reflected in this movieAmericans regard time as a commodity, something to be used, bought, wasted, saved or spent. So they attach much importance to the efficiency of using time and like a fast pace of life. In India, relationship is far more important than schedules and efficiency. People live in a slower and relaxed way. In this movie, Todd is sent to India to get its MPI down from 15 minutes per call to 6. Todd thinks it is not realistic, and his fellow he meet in MacDonnell’s says ‘No way in India.’ By contrast, Puro, the Indian charger, regards an MPI of 12 is already satisfactory. Another point is that Americans are very specific about time, which is different from how Indians treat it. In this movie, Todd argues with Dave about the target MPI:should it be or something between and . However, when Todd asks Puro when the glass of his office will arrive, Puro says ‘It’s coming soon.’In fact, it finally comes three weeks later.Section Cyour opinion of the Director’s behavior How would you explain Katherine’s feeling to the DirectorThis case is about the culture difference in two different time system namely Monochronic Time and Polychronic Time. The Director follows a Polychronic culture which schedules several activities at the same time. He often breaks the appointments and is more subjected to interruptions. So it is natural for him to keep talking with a Chinese teacher when it is already five minutes past his appointment time with Katherine, and later tolerate interruptions during his talk with her. By contrast, Katherine follows a Monochronic Time system which schedules only one activity at one time, is very specific about the time and efficiency. In this sense, she could not cope with the Director’s conversation with others, especially in Chinese, during her appointment time. Although the Director has realized that his behavior may not seem polite to Katherine and even apologizes to her, his apology doesn’t compensate for her frustration.Chapter 11Section A1.How would you solve Martha’s problem if you were AlexI would communicate with my father firstly and ask him whether he can change his schedule. If he rejects, I would inquire Martha if she could change her time. If she doesn’t agree, I would consider redecorate the house and divide the house into two spaces or borrow much money from bank to buy a new larger house.Section Cwould you react to Wang Liang’s behavior Why did Wolfgang get angryThis case is about the cultural differences in the understanding of personal space. Some cultures do not give private, personal space high consideration. Sometimes, fifty Africans can crowd into the same amount of space that holds only twenty North Americans. The reason is that Africans’sense of personal space suffers no intrusion from crowding and touching. In this sense, Wang Liang, comes from Chinese culture, is not as sensitive about personal space as is his German colleague. He tends to respect for the physical boundaries of personal territory, but pays little attention to less visible invasion. In this sense, he never realize s that his behavior may be regarded as rude. By contrast, Wolfgang’s culture is more sensitive to privacy. The boundary of his personal territory can extend to personal items. Therefore, when he found Wang Liang was reading the newspaper without his permission, he felt an invasion of his private personal space.Chapter 13Section A1.What would you do if you were Viktor at such difficult timeIf I was Viktor, I would learn English at first, because it is a tool to communicate and get information, which is important for him in a strange country. Secondly, I would attempt to find a long-time job in order to survive. Thirdly, I would make friends in the country and often communicate with them and explore their behaviors. How they speak and behave rest on the local culture. My final aim is to realize local culture and integrate into the society, which makes me live better in the country. Section C1.Can you explain what is behind the culture shock the girl experiencedThere are two shocks. The first one is the difference in terms of study. There is much work in America than in France. In France, the courses cover a particular subject in depth, whereas in America the classes embrace a large range of topics, but more superficially. The classes are more alive than in France. The second one is the difference in terms of technology. The students in America have easier access to computers, allowing them to go to the web for research. In France, the majority do not have access to computers.2.Have you ever encountered any culture shock in your communication with your foreign teachers or foreign friendsForeign teachers often assign little homework, the majority of which is practical. Chinese teachers often assign much work, because they think the more we practice the more knowledge especially what in books we have a good command of. Furthermore,。

08-09 C卷口译理论与实践期末考试试卷答案

Interpretation Training TestPaper C(Tape script)Part A ( E-C) (50%)Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear two passages in English. Each passage consists of two paragraphs. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. You may take notes while listening.Passage 1 (25%):Thank you very much for the privilege of speaking here and for your effort to get me such an attractive audience. What really makes our company tremendously successful are, in my view, our management philosophy and the understanding of information. I hope we can make some of these assets available to you.The advancement of telecommunication technology has given us the ability to know and understand what is going on in any part of the world at any given time. Emphasis on the development of information technology has enabled us to analyze the global information and distribute it to our customersPassage 2 (25%):The tourist industry has been one of the fastest growing industries in modern times. Indeed, the growth rate of tourism has generally exceeded the growth rate for the worldwide economy. The development of tourism as a mass industry depends on modern means of rapid and inexpensive transportation. For example, the greatest growth in international tourism has paralleled the growth of air transportation.Tourism benefits not only airlines, hotels, restaurants, and taxi drivers, among others, but also many commercial establishments and even the manufacturers of tourist commodities. The tourist industry is not a single entity, but one that consists of many different kinds of enterprises that offer different services to the traveler, including transportation, accommodations, catering, guiding and interpretation.Part B ( C-E) (50%)Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear two passages in Chinese. Each passage consists of two paragraphs. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into English. You may take notes while listening.Passage 1 (25%):科教兴国策略是我国的一项基本国策。

《翻译理论与实践》期末试卷.doc

英语原文：Introducing Translation Studies: Theories and applications ( Chapter 11) 韌铎碉宛槪咅：理施沁用()11.4 The future: co-operation or fragmentation?未来:合作或分裂？Translation studies is therefore already functioning, to borrow McCarty's term, at the interstices of existing fields and is developing a new inter-disciplinary character ・在现有领域中，翻译研究借助麦克凯帝的术语, 早就发挥了重要的作用。

现在，翻译研究朝着一个跨学科的新方向发展。

The question is how far this is a strength or a weakness for the field as a whole.问题是跨学科发展对于整个翻译研究领域是有利的还是有弊的呢？它的作业有多大？Each of its subject areas is competing for prime position, with perhaps the most evident split being that between linguists and cultural theorists (seeBaker 1997b: 277-80, Venuti 1998: 7-8).在跨学科翻译研究中，每个学科想获得最好的地位而相互竞争。

在语言学家和文化理论家之间的竞争最为激烈，这也导致语言学科和文化学科之间的分裂也更明显。

(见贝克1997b： 277-80, 韦努蒂1998： 7-8) oThe former dominated in the 1950s and 1960s, while in the last decade linguistic theories have been marginalized by scholars moving within, or adopting the practices of, other disciplines.在20世纪50年代和60年代的之间语言学科一直处于上风，但在过去的十年中，语言学理论一直被学术界的学者们所排斥，或是采用其他学科的做法。

06-07-C卷-口译理论与实践-期末考试-试卷-答案

Interpretation Training TestPaper C(Tape script)Part A ( E-C) (50%)Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear two passages in English. Each passage consists of two paragraphs. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. You may take notes while listening.Passage 1 (25%):Mr. President, your state visit to our country gives us the opportunity and responsibility to chart a course for the future that is more positive, more stable and, hopefully, more productive than our relations have been for the last few years. China is a great country with a rich and proud history and strong future.The direction China takes toward cooperation or conflict will profoundly affect Asia, America, and the world for decades. The emergence of a China as a power that is stable, open and non-aggressive, that embraces free markets, and that works with us to build a secure international order is deeply in the interest of our people. Passage 2 (25%):For most people, almost any place can become a tourist destination as long as it is different from the place where the traveler usually lives. New York may not be a tourist attraction to a New Yorker, but for a Londoner it may have many charms. The famous tourist sites of many big cities offer a unique historic atmosphere, such as the Great Wall and the Palace Museum of Beijing, and the Buckingham Palace and St Paul’s Cathedral of London. Tourists will indeed be affected by the unusual atmosphere of those cities.Smaller towns and rural areas throughout the world have attractions of this kind for tourists. An excellent example is the small village town of Zhou Zhuang in China, known as “the Venice of the Orient”. Of course, natural scenery has always been an attraction for tourists. Tens of thousands of people visit Niagara Falls every year, for example. Its reputation as a place for honeymoon is world-famous.Part B ( C-E) (50%)Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear two passages in Chinese. Each passage consists of two paragraphs. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into English. You may take notes while listening.Passage 1 (25%):今晚我很高兴能在此设宴招待希尔会长和夫人以及加拿大商会的其他朋友。

武汉纺织大学外经贸学院《英语测试理论与方法》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷

《英语测试理论与方法》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷1、---How did she lose so much weight as expected？----_____________ eating less，she jogged for several miles every day.A．In addition to B．In spite ofC．Instead of D．Thanks to2、She seems to prefer American TV Shows to talking to me．A．to watch B．to be watching C．watching D．having watched3、The foreigners here are greatly impressed by the fact that _______ people from all walksof life are working hard for ________ new Tianjin.A．/; a B．/; theC．a; a D．the; the4、—Is there a hospital nearby? I hurt my ankle, and cannot move now.—It’s about 3 blocks away. I _____ you there.A．took B．takeC．will take D．have taken5、Be calm, Madam. Can you remember _____________ you had your mobile phone stolen?A．when was it that B．that it was whenC．where it was that D．it was where that6、The disaster-stricken village was inaccessible ___________ by helicopter, and the stormadded to the rescuers’ difficu lty.A．instead of B．other than C．rather than D．regardless of7、Looking people in the eye ______ sometimes make them nervous and embarrassed.A．must B．canC．should D．might8、The new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market ________ its superior quality.A．in terms of B．on account ofC．on behalf of D．on top of9、Professor Li ________ for his informative lecture, was warmly received by the students. A．known B．knowingC．having known D．to be known10、James Smith and his girlfriend went to Chenyi Square to celebrate the New Y ear, never _________.A．returned B．to returnC．returning D．having returned第二部分阅读理解（满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2010期末考试翻译试卷及答案

_____________________学院2010—2011学年度第一学期期末考试《翻译理论与实践》试题A卷一、用直译法翻译下列习语。

（每小题1分，共10分）1. eye for eye, tooth for tooth.2. strike while the iron is hot.3. to show one’s cards4. to kill two birds with one stone.5. shed crocodile’s tears6. shuttle diplomacy7. misfortunes never come singly 8. met one’s Waterloo9. a drop in the ocean 10. Example is better than precept二、用意译法翻译下列习语。

（每小题1.5分，共15分）11. Shed crocodile’s tears 12. met one’s Waterloo13. at one single stroke 14.the stitch in time15. break the ice 16. illusory joy17. Take a French leave 18. Leave no stone unturned19. as poor as a church mouse 20. eat no fish三、根据括号里的要求翻译句子。

（每小题3分，共30分）21. He favored the efforts to improve relations with all peace-loving countries.（增译法）22. The supervisor urged the easing of tensions between them. （增译法）23. When the students finished all the books they had brought, they opened the lunch and ate it. （省译法）24. Like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract. （省译法）25. A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial. （转换法）26. Careful comparison of them will show you the difference。

《英语测试的理论与实践》

理听、说、读、写技能和语言知识的问题，并开始反对机械地分离语言技能和划分语言知识，提倡语言的综合运用。不难看出，这个阶段的高考英语测试基本实现了从综合型语言测试阶段向心理语言学一社会语言学时期的过渡，交际测试已经萌生。
❖ 4、值得注意的是，较之往年，2002年的高考英语试题有了明显的变动：它完全摒弃了诸如词汇与结构选择填空、句型转换、正误判断与改错等传统题型，减少了翻译题所占的比重，增加了听力能力的测试。这些变动并非偶然，而是我国中学阶段英语教学改革在测试领域的一个具体体现，也是教育部《全日制义务教育、普通高级中学英语课程标准》颁布后高考英语测试的一次变革。
第一阶段前科学语言测试或传统语言测试阶段 (The Pre-scientific Language Testing 或
Traditional Language Testing Phase)
❖ 20世纪四十年代以前 ❖ 语言被当作是包括语法、词汇、语音的一套知识体
系。
❖ 测试中对技巧、技能的考查没有量度依据，测试结果主要根据教师的主观判断。
❖ 试题常包括短文写作(Essay Writing)、翻译 (Translation)、语法分析(Grammatical Analysis)
❖ 忽视听力、口语 ❖ 测试法为短文写作-翻译法(Essay-writing
Translation Approach)
第二阶段心理测量-结构主义语言测试或现代语言测试阶段 (The Psychometic-structuralist Language Testing 或
提出结构主义教学法，如听说法。结合心理语言学领域的心理测量学(psychometrics)的方法。 ❖ 结构主义语言学：语言是一套符号系统，可以分解为语音、词汇、语法等。 ❖ Lado – Language Testing：语言能力分为语音、句法、词汇、文化；用听说读写方式可测试。 ❖ 可设计出分点式测试(discrete-point test)，认为试题应该每题只考查一个考点，其主要题型有选择填空、词汇填空、语法填空、完成句子、改错等。

2021国家开放大学电大本科《英语教学理论与实践》期末试题及答案

2021国家开扩大学电大本科《英语教学理论与施行》期末试题及答案〔试卷号：1366〕Section 1 ： Basic Thiwies and Principles (40 points)Questions 1-20 arv based on this purt.Directions】Choose the best answer from A. B or C for each question. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet1. Which aspect of nced> nna\ys\3 does the following Mituation reflect?WurrR Li it a student majoring in English • but hu mlerett “ tn manaKrment. And if was manafitment that he selected when Ar ILVIS his i pedal I y /pr collegeeducation. So he shozvi littlf i/i/eres/ in /ii> itudy and !agn behind in his study. HAt Laclu«K Needs<C. WantM.2. Which of ihr following docs not describe an Eclectic Approach?A. The teacher (allows Humanist Approach strictly.B. The teacher mixes up a wide range of methods and approachr^C. The teacher tries to incorporate the best aspects of ti]] the research about lafiguagr learning3. What syllabus doe^ thr following present?A. Structural syllabusB. Topic sylhtb"C Skills syllabus4. What approach treats the stncicnti* as a whole person• with feelings and cmoiions?A. The Natural Approach 11 The Cammunicafive ApproachC. The Humanistic Approach5. Which of the following is the description of a (unction7A> Ownership. B. Giving directions* •C. Acting out a play.6. Which of the following roles does the teacher mninly ploy in a cotuniunicattve activity^A. Controller* B・ FacilitatonC. Asses}*or.7. Authentic materials ore materials produced for .A・ Native gpeakers B・ English learnersC English reachcrs& Which of the following belongs to the communiaitive approach?A- Focus on accuracy B> Focus on fluencyC. Focus on strategies乳What readinK strategy does ^picking out xub-topic sentences^ min?A. Skimminx* B- Scanning.C・ Inferring-10. What reading approach puts mo&t emphasis on automatic recognition?A. The top-down approach*B. The bottom-up approach^C・ The interactive approach11. What stage is the following activity best suited for?"/ ulrrig noifi on thr main加、of g taxi MA・ Pre-reading B- While-reading(\ Post rcndin«\2. Whitt ImtrninK iikill doc* the following Rdivity help to <rnin?L，"e，tu Ihf folhiwiuirpurt announcetntnU and fill the blanks in the table with thr injur mat ion you hrar.C< Infcrringe13. Which of ihr following ia the purpose of the *whi!eli»tening w stage?A. I Q help studcntA cstublisih UnteninK expectatiunHH. Ti)coiiMolidatr what hr hoB learnedC. I o extend the students* ability of rtiAtching whot they expect to hrnr with what they Acnmlly hnar H. Which liMtcniriK aktll rnmbineB liAtrninK und writing?A. Inferring H・ Listening fur tpcciltr informationC. NotrtftkingI >. Which stnge of the speaking lcb»on h leant trucher controlled?A. Presentation Ik Practice^C\ Productioru16. Wiuit convcrMiinnal technique doc« thr lolluwin){ convcrKation prrnrnt?Jack i Sam. u^hai are you gow la do /omorraw?Sam i Nnthin^ much.Why9fJ acit i Wr e rr goin^ Co wafrA a fonlftall mahh. W PM/J y«u like In comr /oo?Sdm i / *c/ /our m !**A. Checking underRtAnding.B. Prtrinvitntion.C・ Showing undrralAnding.17- When A icnchcr rorrrctM the errorii af his/her 5tudent»f what measurefi shouldn 11 he/«hc unc at first?A. To give thr ftludrnth who makm error the (trht opportunity to correct itK To gift other RtuckntN to correct itTo correct the s|udem directlylx. Which of the following speaking ACtivitir* in most coitimunirAtivr?A・ I Me picturoi to mnkr up Btorica.BL Prompted dialoguesh仁Interview* uninx ・ quei(tionnaire<I9・ Which fjl the Uctors npplies 2 thr hirr SIHRC ol the PPP Model?A・ Accurncy B. CI M work「R山yrd correct ion2(). VVhnt n^pret of pronuncintian docn the fblkiwing drmonntrntc?A・ Liaison. B. Rhythm.C・ Pitch.[on1 iQglif paua?'ka:dJ (°an English postcard' }lglfe> to 'miljju:] ( M Glad to meet you .H )Section II t MinMeswin Plan 60 points21. Directions ： In this section. you are presented with a short diulo^ue. Read the dialogue and design three listening activities ： one prr-lktening activity, one listening activity and one pout- listening uctivlty. The requirement of each activity 公 as follow 〞i Prelhtenlnpi lend in the topicr K ()hig for wnatkrnA Listening ； finish the detaih in the listening materlial> P^t lMcning ； Imin the studenU 1 ability to talk about their own plans.' ou may roliow the table given after the passaRe. Make sure the three activities arc related to each other. Lhtening material tA: Whal are you doing for vacation? 8： I'm (go sightseeing) In Beijing. A: Thafs a good Idea.Who are you going with? B ： I(go) with my parents^Activity 1 (Pre-listening)ObjectivesClassroom orRnnization Teaching aidAssumed timeProcedure1) 2) 3〉Fran^ition (how to rclnte to thr following activity)Activity 2 (listening)ObjectivesClHusroom organization Teaching aidjXssumcd timeTransition (how to relate to the formeractivity)ProcedureTransition (how to relate to the following activity)1)2)Activity 3 (Post-listening)A: Who! B Mary _____ (do) for vacation? B: She i going sightseeing In Hawaii. A: That sounds nice.Who is ibe _________ (go) wHh? :She a $ going with her brother.Objective*Clnsaroom orj ；aniuitionTcMchin« aidAssumed timeTransition (how lo relate to the formeractivity)Prociwlurc1)2) j3)Backup plant(1) Predicted problems (2) Possible »olution*试题答案及评分标准Sect ion I i Bu^ic I lw (rric« nnd Princlplr**n»m 选虬共m 个小瞄,QH 的分.扣醐2分.Avlhlty I (Prc^LhlcnhiK)Ohjcclhe«i ta lend in the topic and to •clivute itudenti 1 background knowledge o( going for vncAtiaru Clas»rnnm onconljjithin t C/raiip work leuchlng nidi picturcn Avimiwd Hnwi 5 niinuTr?* PnKcdurd(I)LcA (Lini intrcMfucc the topic (I *)Th<! rtfic hrr enn lend in thr topic by MRkinR qurNtionM hkf."N CJW . clnnse Where do you UNUiilly go for vncAtton? Whu do you go with? H⑵Group diBCiUBion (3*)The teacher calln oti onr or two utudcnt^ to contrtbiitCf uhd tht n niinr Mnuthcr <|uchliun fur K^oup chm imMOfL"()K. What do you do 7 Work in icroupeu See if you do the tunic thing M (3) F<sffdback (I f )( nil on clif(rrrnt to repurt.Trunsilhini丁, M All right. Thunk yoiU Som«tHnrM we ni-r<! to tnlk our vncAtion plan}i <e % HActivity 2 (LUtrning)Ohjecthesi to tmin Mudrnu* nbtlity io thr kry mfurtnAtion Irum thr poatngeCliusniom «>n{nnkNthin t whole-ch»ii work to pnir work reach I tin nidi irnt lx>okt lApr rrc<ird»^< or mulfrmrdtN An«umcd llmci 8 tninutm rniiiflthm(5)Aii»ign the Ihtcning 《I')(I ronlinucd> M Today wc e rr gmng to lintrn to two cnnvcrnnlion^ wbnut talking dbciui the plan (or vucatton. Listen nnd try to find whnt their plnns Are* You mn u*e the following Table to help you« H10 polntuUC 2. A 6. H 7. A H. H 12. B !fl. B 17. C Sccdoti || i L CAMHI Plan •考备案物评分标圳 21. Activity I (Pr 「「W>4.C9.A It C 19. (•10. B I5.C 2<h A60 point*Pr(Kcdurr(6) Whole C U M li»t«ning (3*)Thr trurher |>Uyg the rrcordiriK nnH Atudcntii limcn to thr 烦w S complrtc thetablo«(7) Pnir work to check (2‘)Get the students into pnirn tu check their work. For example• the tvfldwr cun give the inMructionhkt thi H nll rixhtt have yow liniuhrii? Now I'd like you tu chrtk your nnnwerB with your partner to neewhether you h«ve MfcrctW idem "(8) Feed>Mck (2‘>Invitr individuiil pair、to rrp<>r»their work. Mukc <turr to a、k the Afucirnt* io rxplMin whfltprubirmn they hnvc in listening. Eor exAmpk f the trftchcr enn do like fhi»・M I)c> you h«vr |irnlilrmiin getting rhr informntian? ()K. ••• • CAD you trll u« whot difficully you met when li»iemng?H TrumiUoni(9) Ti M Now. we know how 10 ulk aboui vncaunn plant in EnftlhK …"Activity 3 (PMblblenlng)Objcctlvc^ita train the nbility to rxpreM Mttiiudcs nn<l comnicnti*> n( (he mmr time applying hiformAtion obtAined from fhr ronyrrnniiorLCla^«nN)m orgunUulhHii Pair workTeaching aid( no .Assumed time, 6 minutenIrnnBilion*(10) Assign the tank (I ,>(9 continued) Now> thr nntinnal duy i» coming? Wlut S your phn for the vaeMhon?Plcnut get into a pair nnd make a canvrrMtion^ 〞Pmcrdurrj(11) Group discussion (3 ,)Students work in pnirii and make n cc)nvcr»«tion« Thr tcnchrr mny walk around to l*»ur help Ofparnripurc A(12) Ferdback (2*>Invite rftth jmir io report their choice.Backup plunPredicted problems：(1 )The student? may not know anything about vacation plans in EnglisK They may also know alrrndy through the conversation if they have previrwrd.(2)Some students may have difficulty expressing their opinion in English.Possible sulotions：(1 >lf the •students know nnthing about vaention plftns m Englishit in bent because the objective of listeningis to learn about these things from the listening. However^ if they know ukcad y• it doesn't matter because more often than not. Hiudctits may not undersr-and the passage cvvn if ihey already know thr content Whnt ' ♦ more f students * listening may differ grently. If they have prcviewcdt they may have less difficulty in following thr class.(2〉H Mudent? have diffirulty expressing thrni>vlvts in English• we should allow them IO express their M C?AW in Chinese. Phen ihr irarhrr can rrpr/it rheir ideas in English. In this wny. they rnny get to know how tci express themficlvr^。

精编国家开放大学电大本科《英语教学理论与实践》2022-2023期末试题及答案试卷号：

国家开放大学电大本科《英语教学理论与实践》2022-2023期末试题及答案(试卷号：1366) Section I : Basic Theories and Principles 40 pointsQuestions 1—20 arc based on this part.Directions] Choose the best answer from A. B or C for each question. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.L Whnt method does the following description reflect?In class, the itudents xit in u circle .with the teacher standing behind. When they ivanl ta say something 9they xvhtiper in (heir mother tongue to the Utacher who translates it into the largel language. The student then repeats the teachfr translation which in then recorded on the tape.A. The Audicrlingual Method.B. The Communicative Approach.C The Community language Learning Method.2. If we compare the learning process to a journey • which of the following is simi lar to the destination?A. Necessities. B・ Lacks. C. Wants.3. What syllabus will describe the following situations that the learner might find himself in,the ianguAge activiucs he is most likely to lake part in>the functions of language that are most useful*the topics that are important «nd common and the general notions which he might need to express?A. Structural syllabus. B< Communicative syllabus.C・ Situational syllabus.4. Which of the following is charactenstic of acquisition?A. Conscious learning of languagr structures.B. Little error correction<(1 More instrumentally motivated^5・ Which of the following in a communicative activity?A. Questions and answers about the picture.B. Jigsaw redding of a material.G Idea presentation on a certain topic.6, Which of the following activities doen not belong to communicative activities?A. Role play.B. Pattern drills.C・ Information 即p.7. Which of the following does not belong to the Humonisf Approach?A. Community language Learnings 11 Audio-Ungual Method.C SugRc»toprdia<8. In which o( the following does thr teuchrr MBnumc the role of ci mAnnger?A< ArrnnKing (or the fast groups to help the slow Kroups.H. ConimcntiriK on the performnnee of the Rroupn.C DemorutratinK how to conduct group editing.9. Which of the following 卜n communicative activity?A. Lixtcning to the weather bronrJcARt and fill in a form,B. Listening to the wenther broadcANt und talk about n picnic.C・ Trnnsferrinn the information from the weather broadcant into a chart.10. Which of the (O II OWIHK■c!tvitte« can be adopted nt the pre-reading utaxe?A. R<rnrranginR the materially H. Brninslorming the topicC. Writing ti summary of the text.i L Wlwf docn^lucutinK the Mpcciftc tnformation^hclp to train?A. ScatminiieB. Skimming.C・ Inferring.12. Wh・t rcudinx npproach in bn^cd on the Assumption of rending as a guessing game?A. J he top-down approMch.B. The bottom*up approach.C. The interactive Approach.13. Which of the following enn be uncd to develop ihr nkill of limning for gist?A. While listening# the student a are required to look AI n list of word* nnd circle th(>Mc uiicd by the upeakcnB. After lintcninKtthc studrnlA arc required to write a summary of the text in a few Bcntrnce9<C. After listening• the students Mrr required to arrange the Mcntcncen in the order in which they nrc mentionedin the irxt.1L To develop rhe skill of listening for npccific inform砒ion.the teacher anks studrnta to fill in the blank* with the information they henr on the tope. Which auge of listening claw is it at now?A. Pre*listcnin|(»B< Whil<rlisteninK wC. PoM-liJiirningt15. Which listening skill combines lintrning nnd writing?A. Inferring. K Listening for speciHc information.C> Noteuking.16. What listening skill does the following activity help to train?Luten to the fallowing airport annauntcmrnli and fill thr blank\ in thr table with the information youhear.A. Listening for gi^LB. Listening for specific information.C. Inferring*17. Which stage of the speaking lesson is most teacher-controlled?A. Pre5entation< FL Practice.C. Production.18. Which o( the following speaking Activities is mofit controlled?A. Prompted dialoKiie* & Scrambled dialogueCt Discunjiiorie19. What role is a teacher less likely to piny at the later stage of a speaking class?A. Dcmonstratore B< Helper.C. Corrector20. Whnf Aspect of pronuncintion docs the (ollowing dcfnonjitrate?【on ' lyglU p^tixfka:d \C9an EngUxh postcard H)[(jlirttu^mLtfJu: to mrrf you.A. LinisoneEL Rhythm.G Pitch.Section (| iLeoon Phm 60 points 2h PimtloiHiln thh section• you are presented with ・ tahlc und tupe script of Mn piece of listening malerlaL Read the script and design three llitenlng activlticsione pre-lhtcnlng activity > one Hxtenhie activity nnd (»nc nctivity tI he requirement of each HCtivlty h 心follows(， Pre-lblenlnKi ltud in the topic interviewing nn Amrriam Indy> Lhteninxifinhh the dctnlls In the lublc about Slounc's lifc>> PoNbllMcnlntfitrain the ability to exprm attitudes und commcnl»You may follow the Ub!r given nfler the puua|：c. Muke sure the three activities arc rvlalcd to cnch other. Mulcrial LMnterinl 2.Tape script/** 文本Hello. Btudeniv Your hintory teacher asked me to tell you what life was hkr in rhe United Staten when 1 was a girLWell. 1 WAS born in 1915“。

《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷与答案

《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷与答案Ⅰ. Directions: Translate the following passage into English, using the words and phrases given below.（1小题*40=40）史蒂芬·霍金博士是世界上最著名的理论物理学家之一。

乍一看，他是一个坐在电动轮椅上个子矮小的人。

他在攻读博士学位时得了一种无法治愈(incurable) ALS病。

虽然这种病没有日渐恶化，但有一段时间霍金无法面对他失去正常行动和讲话的能力这一事实。

直到他与一个叫简的女孩订婚后才又振作起来。

现在，霍金博士保持每天工作8小时以上，并取得了令全球瞩目的成就。

II.Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.（2小题*30=60）1.The Yellow River ranks the third longest in Asia and the sixth longest in the world. The word “yellow” describes the muddy water of the river. The Yellow River，one of several rivers for China to live on，originates from Qinghai，flows through nine provinces, and finally pours into the Bohai Sea. The river basin is not only the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization，but also the most prosperous region in the early history of China. However,due to the frequent devastating floods, it has caused many disasters. In the past few decades,the government has taken various measures to prevent disasters.2.With China’s reform and opening up, many young people tend to hold Western-style weddings these days. The bride wears a white wedding dress at the wedding, because white is considered as a symbol of purity. However, in traditional Chinese culture, white is often used in funerals, so be sure to remember that white flowers must not be used as a gift to the patient, especially not to the seniors or patients in critical conditions. Similarly, the cash gift cannot be packed in a white envelope, but in a red envelope.翻译理论与实践参考答案1.Dr. Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous theoretical physicists in the world. At firstsight he is a small figure in an electric wheelchair. When he worked for PHD, he had incurable ALS. Though the disease didn’t worsen day by day, but for some time Hawking couldn’t face up to the fact that he lost his abilities to move and speak normally. He didn’t pull himself together until he was engaged to a girl, Jane. Now, Prof. Hawking keeps up working more than 8 hours a day and has made great achievements which draw global attention to.2.黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。

课程：英语测试与评估：理论与实践.doc

课程：英语测试与评估：理论与实践案例教学之一：从两份试卷的题型分布看试题类型的变化撰写人：现象：对1983年高考试卷和2002年高考试卷做一个比较，看出两份试卷之间的题型变化：讨论分析：In the long history of language testing, its ideas and methods have been constantly changing along with the development of language teaching approach. Generally, testing system can be divided into three generations in correspondence to the three generations of language teaching. Generation 1. Traditional teaching approach and Pre-scientific testing.-Language teaching based on experience and tradition, without guidance of linguistic theory-Language is knowledge:phonetics, vocabulary and grammar-Learning is mastery of knowledge, which involves a lot of memory work. Initiation or creativeness is not emphasized.-No context, situation or irrelevant context or non-authentic situationGeneration 2. Structuralist approach (psychological behaviorism) and Psychometric-structuralist testing.-Language is a set of formal system(rules)-Learning is to master skills needed to operate the system, to form language habits, to cultivate right response to stimuli.-Discrete-point tests, meaning is not important, use is not important-No context, no situation-Objective assessmentGeneration 3. Communicative language learning and Communicative language testing / psycholinguistic-sociolinguistic testing.-Language learning is to cultivate communicative competence(linguistic, discourse, pragmatic)-Message-focused, task-based-Integrated skills-Continuous judgment (correctness, fluency, appropriateness)The development and changes of testing ideas and methods come along with the development and changes in language teaching. Here we just take a look at the changing steps in English testing by comparing the test paper of different times in China.附录：1.1983年高考英语试卷National Matriculation English Test (MET1983)一、单词辨音将下列各词，按元音读音，分别写在相应的元音音标后面。

英语期末理论考试题及答案

英语期末理论考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The word "unique" is most closely related to which of the following?A. CommonB. SimilarC. UnusualD. Ordinary答案：C2. Fill in the blank with the correct preposition: She is_________ the team.A. inB. onC. atD. to答案：B3. Which sentence is grammatically correct?A. She don't like to read.B. She doesn’t like reading.C. She don’t likes reading.D. She doesn’t likes to read.答案：B4. The phrase "break a leg" is an example of:A. A literal statementB. A superstitionC. An idiomatic expressionD. A warning答案：C5. Which of the following is a countable noun?A. FurnitureB. InformationC. AdviceD. Music答案：A6. The correct form of the verb to express a future arrangement is:A. I will goes to the store.B. I am going to go to the store.C. I will be go to the store.D. I am go to the store.答案：B7. In English, the word "affect" can be used as:A. A nounB. A verbC. An adjectiveD. An adverb答案：B8. The past tense of "lead" is:A. LedB. LeadC. LeadsD. Leading答案：A9. Which sentence uses the subjunctive mood correctly?A. If I were you, I will take the job.B. If I was you, I would take the job.C. If I were you, I would take the job.D. If I am you, I take the job.答案：C10. The word "serendipity" means:A. A sudden accidentB. A fortunate discovery made by chanceC. A planned eventD. A misfortune答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. The opposite of "visible" is _________.答案：invisible12. "An _________ effort" refers to a combined effort by manypeople.答案：concerted13. The word "peruse" means to _________.答案：read carefully14. "To _________ a promise" means to fail to fulfill a promise.答案：break15. "An _________ child" is one who is very well-behaved.答案：obedient16. "The _________ of the project" refers to the person responsible for it.答案：manager17. "To _________ a subject" means to study it in depth.答案：immerse18. "An _________ situation" is one that is not easily resolved.答案：intricate19. "To _________ a conclusion" means to reach one after much thought.答案：arrive20. "An _________ person" is one who is very honest and has strong moral principles.答案：upright三、改错题（每题2分，共20分）21. She don’t like to play football. (Correct the sentence)答案：She doesn’t like to play football.22. Me and my friends are going to the movies. (Correct the sentence)答案：My friends and I are going to the movies.23. There is too much homework to be done. (Correct the sentence)答案：There is too much homework to do.24. The teacher said that the sun revolves around the earth. (Correct the sentence)答案：The teacher said that the earth revolves around the sun.25. I seen the movie last night. (Correct the sentence)答案：I saw the movie last night.26. She is one of the most smarter students in the class. (Correct the sentence)答案：She is one of the smartest students in the class.27. They was going to the beach yesterday. (Correct the sentence)答案：They were going to the beach yesterday.28. He does his homeworks. (Correct the sentence)答案：He does his homework.29. The book is on the table under the lamp. (Correct the sentence)答案：The book is on the table above the lamp.30. I wish I am a bird. (。

国家开放大学电大本科《英语教学理论与实践》期末试题及答案

国家开放大学电大本科《英语教学理论与实践》期末试题及答案关建字摘要：评分标准，通讯录，参考答案，试题答案，仰选，试卷，试题，总计，对话，同学竭诚为您提供优质文档，本文为收集整理修正，共8页，请先行预览，如有帮助感谢下载支持国家开放大学电大本科《英语教学理论与实践》2021期末试题及答案（试卷号：1366）Information for the examinees：•This examination consists of 2 parts. They are： Section | : Basic theories and principles ( 40 points) Section || : Lesson plan (6()points)•Phe total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed for completing this examinaiion is 90 minutes.•here will be no extra time to transfer answers to the Answer Sheet； Therefore, you should write ALL your answers on the AnswerSheet as you do each task.Section I： Lillie I henries and Principles (40 paints)Questions 1-2。

urc based on this par!<Dirvclhms； Choose the best answer from A・ B or C for each question. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. When syllabus the following exemplify?Module 1 Vrcf lu mM youModule 2 Mr・my parentf and my friendsModule 3My nnv fchoul4 My JaffitlyModule 5Healthy foodA.Structurnl syllabus.C. Functional ^ylUbuiu2.Which of the following methods does not tolcrntr errarh?The Audio lingunl M”had・C・ The Direct Method3.Which of the fnllowuig is charoctcnstic of ncquisitiun?A. Farm-focusrdC Meaning focusedk Whm nppronch treatn the students ns 8 whole persons with ferlings and emotions?A. The Natural ApproachC・ The Humnnistic Approach5> What kind of ncedti do the following questions help to analyze?(1)Who will the pupils Uif the lun^uu^ wtth? ( native or nofina/ivf shakeri uf English ? Col leagues <teachrn . customers95u/»rriori •^uln)rdmutf\—?)(2)Where will thr pupils use the language? (in China? Abroad? in an office• hot", leettire. library•interniitional confcrrnccht etc； rncctings# one to-onc# in front of a large nudirncct in small groupsdiscussions^ negotiationsw etc.)(3)Hnw oftm will the pupil，ustf the language9fA- Ncce^itieSa C. Wants.R Lack&B. The CommunicHtive Approadi & Accuracy-orienxedB. The Conimunicntivc Approach-B. Topic syllabus-6.In which nf the following activities IM the teacher more oi a controller?A. Presenting new language.Ik Organixing a role play uchviiy.C. (living kcdhack or error corrections7.Which o( thr followinK i% the description of n function7A. Ownership.G Actinx out A phy>& Which of the following Adivitips is communiaitive?A. Siuiirntn do mnn rexrarch碍nd qucstionnairr*.K Student* oct out the dinloKue tn the textbook.(\ The t<*Achcr qurMions about the rcndinR muterial.9. Which of the following ncfivitirs l)clon|(^ to ihr productive type?A. Students liMrn to ■ nuho broAdnmL11 Student* read八piece of news to complrh-n cluirl.C< Studrnth diHcuttn the problem prrsented in thv broNdennt.IO# Authentic maieruils Are mnurirth produced far.A. Nmivc n|KAkrr»(\ EnKlinh fcAchrrn1 I. Whm doc、M locntinK thr Rpecific in(ornuifion M help to trnm?A. ScunninR.(L Inferring^12. Which of the following nctiyitien can be Adopted i\\ fhv pre rcudi^g MtnRe?A. Kt? flrrangiHH I hr mntcrirtlM.C. Writing n jmrnmury of the trxt>13. Which of thr following flctivitim rcprcM-iil the to|rflown nppronch?A.Wntching relAtcd (ilm«B.Pre ttftchtnn voenbubryC.F\xplmtHiin difficult langungc pouitn tn thr reading nintrrialI L Which listening nkill combiner linirntng nnd writing?A# InferringC Notetnking15. Which of ihr followinii activitiea in dwiRned to practice ihr -kill nf liMcning lorA・ /Xftcr lintrnin^e lhe students Arc rccpiirrd tn fill in ihr? blnnk» wnh the wattle in the text.It After hnirningt the student nre required io write ” ^unnnAry of thr text*C> After listeningi th< mudvnt» are required to mnkr A diolngur bnavd on the text.16* Which of thr follnwing (vAturc* npoken English?A. h m context mdcprndrfiLK. It in produced with little redundancy.(• It i* produrrd with收)d orgnni^ution.11. Which MinRc of thr npcnkinR lc»Nnn z lr«5t tcnc her cuntrnllcd?A. PresentAtiunaProduct ion.IKt Whnl role n trAchrr lc»5 hkrly to piny nl the Inter «iinRc of o MpcAking eloss?A. hcmoriMirAiar(\ Corrector19. Which o( ihr fdlluwing *prAkinK nctivitiot is moxt productive?A. blow ch«rT dinl<>Ktic«(\ Cue cord diAloguc*20.What is truined In thr following Activity?[A. ArticulutioiL G Rhythrm | bkH・ SlrrjciuSection IL Mini-lesson Plan (60 points)Ik Scrnmblcd dinlaHue*B. HelperB・ Prncticc*11 Lintening (or specific informationB. BrnHiMorrmtiu the topicIk Skimtning<B. EnRliith leArncr^.-B- Giving directions.・st— th miNtt— mh ]21.Directions； In (his section# you arc presented with a piece of reading material Read h and design thrve reading adivlticstone pre-reading activity* one reading activity and one postreading activity. Write your answer <m the Answer Sheet The rec|ulrcmcn( of each activity is站the following：,> >Pre-reading： activate students ' background knowledge about people * s names andphone numberReading； arrange studvnts to finish (he exercisePiKt-reading： organize students tu role play a situation in vhich family names and phone numlM^nb wrvexchanged.You may folios the Cable given after the pgsagc Make sure the three mtivhics arc rduted to each other. Rending mutcriul宙言学校的同学们正在饱通讯录，读下面的对话并完成下表.A： Do you know Amy's last name?H： Ye*# it Jones and her phone number is five-four-fivct (ive-ftve-four-oh.\i Is Tom1 s last nnnic Smith?B： Yes. itIlis phone number is seven three-two• eight-six-nme-onc<At (Jo you know the phone number for David K)m?B： Yes. If four-Hix-two. three-nine-six-seveha And the phone number for Lisa Hall is seven threeeiKht> oh six-seven-1hree> Do you know Tony's phone number?A： Tony Jones?B：A： h S six-sevcn-ninc. four*oh-six-eight<B： What15 the name of the girl sitting next to Mark Locke?Aj That f s Linda Brown. Her phone number is nine nine-four• six two-one-one. And Mark f s number i; iwo-fivcronet eight-B：No it isn't. Khat the phone number for Tony Shapiro. The phone number (or Mark is two four eight* twa nine-threeJive.A： Oh# yr«> you f re right.Kxcrciscphone ListName(first) Linda< last)I nco ________JonesGO________KimLockrPhone Number994-6211(?) ________•_______<3)UM AmyTony ($) _____ Mark (9) _____ Tom⑸_______・_______(7) ________・ ______(8) ________ -_______251#37。

英语教学理论及实践试题(3篇)

第1篇I. Multiple-Choice Questions (30% of total score)1. According to the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach, the primary focus of language learning is:a) Accuracy and grammatical correctnessb) Communicative competence and fluencyc) Reading and writing skillsd) Listening and vocabulary acquisition2. The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) was introduced by:a) Lev Vygotskyb) John Lockec) Noam Chomskyd) B.F. Skinner3. Which of the following is a key feature of task-based language teaching?a) Using grammar rules to teach vocabularyb) Focusing on the cultural background of the target languagec) Designing activities that require students to communicate in the target languaged) Emphasizing the memorization of vocabulary lists4. The most effective method for assessing speaking skills in the classroom is:a) Written testsb) Teacher observationsc) Peer assessmentsd) All of the above5. The use of authentic materials in the classroom refers to:a) Textbooks and workbooksb) Non-linguistic materials such as pictures and videosc) Realia (real objects or situations)d) All of the aboveII. Short Answer Questions (20% of total score)6. Briefly explain the difference between formal and informal language use in the context of language learning.7. Describe the role of the teacher in a cooperative learning activity.8. What are some common challenges faced by English language learners and how can a teacher address these challenges?III. Essay Questions (50% of total score)9. (25%) Discuss the effectiveness of the Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) approach in the English language classroom. Provide specific examples of tasks that can be used to enhance student learning.10. (25%) Write an essay on the importance of incorporating technology into English language teaching. Discuss the advantages and potential drawbacks of using technology in the classroom and suggest strategies for its effective integration.IV. Practical Application (5% of total score)11. (5%) Design a 30-minute lesson plan for a beginner-level English class focusing on the present simple tense. Include a warm-up activity, a main activity, and a follow-up activity. Be sure to specify the language objectives, learning activities, and assessment methods.---Instructions:Please answer all questions in English. Show your work and reasoning for all calculations and analyses. Good luck!Note: This examination is designed to assess your understanding of English teaching theories and practices. Your answers should demonstrate critical thinking, knowledge of educational principles, and practical application skills.第2篇I. Multiple Choice Questions (40 points, 2 points each)1. Which of the following is NOT a key component of the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach?A. Student-centered activitiesB. The use of authentic materialsC. Grammar-translation methodD. Pair and group work2. The language proficiency scale developed by the Council of Europe is known as:A. The Bloom's TaxonomyB. The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR)C. The ACTFL Proficiency GuidelinesD. The Criterion Referenced Tests3. In the Direct Method, the teacher primarily uses:A. TranslationB. The target language onlyC. Mother tongue explanationsD. Pantomime4. The principle of "Gradual Exposure" is based on the idea that:A. Students should learn all vocabulary items at onceB. New vocabulary should be introduced in a controlled mannerC. Students should only be exposed to the target language in the classroomD. The teacher should use the mother tongue as much as possible5. The use of pictures in teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) is most beneficial when:A. They are used as a distraction from the lessonB. They are the sole medium of instructionC. They are used to clarify meaning when the target language is not clearD. They are used only in the early stages of language learning6. The "Silent Period" in language learning is characterized by:A. The student speaking in the target language from the beginningB. The student's inability to speak the target languageC. The student's initial period of listening and absorbing the languageD. The student's complete reliance on the mother tongue7. The form-focused approach to language teaching emphasizes:A. The meaning of the language over its formB. The cultural context of the languageC. The accuracy of language useD. The speed of language learning8. The use of "Scaffolding" in language teaching involves:A. Providing the student with all the necessary information at onceB. Gradually reducing the support given to the studentC. Using only the student's native languageD. Introducing new vocabulary without prior knowledge9. The "Learning by Discovery" method is based on the idea that:A. Students should be taught all the rules of grammar at onceB. Students should be allowed to explore and discover language on their ownC. The teacher should control all aspects of the learning processD. The student's native language should be used as much as possible10. The principle of "Cultural Integration" in language teaching suggests that:A. Language learning should be separated from cultural studyB. Language learning should be based on cultural immersionC. Language learning should focus solely on the grammatical aspects of the languageD. The student's native culture should be ignoredII. Short Answer Questions (30 points, 3 points each)1. Explain the difference between the audio-lingual method and the communicative approach to language teaching.2. Describe the role of the teacher in the Total Physical Response (TPR) method.3. What are the main advantages and disadvantages of using technology in language teaching?4. Explain how the constructivist approach to learning can be applied in the ESL classroom.5. Discuss the importance of error correction in language learning.III. Essay Questions (30 points)1. (15 points) Discuss the effectiveness of the task-based language teaching approach in improving students' communicative competence. Provide examples of tasks that can be used in the classroom and explain how they promote language learning.2. (15 points) Analyze the impact of globalization on English language teaching and learning. Discuss how changes in technology, culture, and the economy have influenced the way English is taught and learned around the world.Instructions:- Answer all questions in English.- Your answers should be clear, concise, and well-organized.- Support your answers with relevant theories and practical examples from your teaching experience.Good luck!第3篇Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (40% of total marks)1. According to the Behaviorist theory, learning a language is primarilya result of:a) repetition and memorizationb) natural ability and instinctc) social interaction and cultural immersiond) critical thinking and analysis2. The Direct Method of language teaching emphasizes:a) the use of the target language in all aspects of instructionb) the use of mother tongue for clarificationc) the teaching of grammar rules in isolationd) the focus on cultural aspects of the language3. In the Communicative Approach, the main objective of language teaching is:a) to provide students with grammatical accuracyb) to help students develop fluency in speaking and listeningc) to teach students about the history of the languaged) to expose students to the literary works of the language4. The Krashen's Input Hypothesis suggests that:a) learners acquire language through natural acquisitionb) learners need to be exposed to comprehensible inputc) learners need to be motivated to learn the languaged) all of the above5. The Silent Period in language learning is characterized by:a) the learner producing a lot of errorsb) the learner not producing any languagec) the learner listening and observingd) the learner speaking with confidence6. Task-based Language Teaching focuses on:a) grammar rules and vocabularyb) authentic communication tasksc) memorization of idiomatic expressionsd) translation exercises7. The concept of "language proficiency" in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) is defined as:a) the ability to understand and produce written languageb) the ability to understand and produce spoken languagec) both a) and b)d) the ability to understand cultural contexts8. The use of multimedia in language teaching can enhance:a) learner motivationb) teacher control over the classroomc) the transmission of factual informationd) all of the above9. The principle of "error correction" in language teaching suggests that:a) errors should be ignoredb) errors should be corrected immediatelyc) errors should be corrected only when they hinder communicationd) all errors should be corrected in front of the class10. The technique of "role-playing" in language teaching is most beneficial for:a) developing listening skillsb) practicing speaking skillsc) improving reading comprehensiond) enhancing writing skillsSection B: Short Answer Questions (30% of total marks)1. Briefly describe the Audio-Lingual Method and its main techniques.2. Explain the importance of feedback in language learning and give examples of different types of feedback.3. Discuss the role of the teacher in a student-centered classroom.4. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using technology in language teaching.5. Explain the concept of "cultural competence" in language learning and give examples of how it can be developed.Section C: Essay Question (30% of total marks)Write an essay on the following topic:"The impact of globalization on English language teaching and learning. Discuss the challenges and opportunities that arise from the increasing importance of English as a global lingua franca."Instructions:- Answer all questions fully and coherently.- Use appropriate academic language and referencing where necessary.- The essay should be a minimum of 500 words.Time Allowed: 2 hoursNote: This examination is designed to assess your understanding of English teaching theory and practice. Good luck!。

口译理论与实践-期末考试-试卷-答案

Inｔeｒpreｔatｉon ＴrainｉnｇTｅｓtPapeｒB(Tapｅｓcript)Part Ａ( E-C）（50%)Dｉｒｅctiｏns:Iｎtｈis parｔof ｔhe tｅｓｔ, yｏu wｉll hear ｔwｏｐassageｓiｎEngｌiｓh. Each pａssaｇｅcｏnsiｓts of two parａgraphs. Af ｔer ｙou have hｅａｒｄeaｃｈpａｒａgrａｐｈ, inteｒpret it into Cｈｉnese. Ｙou ｍａy tａke noteｓｗhiｌe lisｔening．Pａssａge 1 (25%):Ｉ’m veryｈappｙｔｈａt the Cｈinese Provinｃial TradｅDelegａtio ｎiｓhere atｔendinｇthｅoｐeninｇcｅremｏny of tｈe US Sｃiｅnce ａnd TechnologｙExhibitｉon．My warmesｔwelcome gｏｅs to oｕr Ch ｉnese fｒiends from ｔhe other siｄe of thｅplanet. Thｉs exhibition iｓa disｐlay of receｎt Hi-Tｅｃh achieｖemｅnts in ｔｈｅUnited Ｓtatｅs.Ｐleasｅsharｅwiｔh us the prｉｄe and jｏy weｈａｖe thａｔs ｏme oｆexhibｉts ａrｅthe pｒoｄuｃts froｍsｏme US-Ｃhinese joiｎt ventuｒｅs. Althougｈdisplays oｆthese exｈibits ｉs pｒopｏrtioｎａｌｌｙa mere fｒactｉｏn, only ５% of all ｔhe exhibｉts, iｔiｓｎevｅrtｈeless a ｐrｏmｉｓinｇｓigｎoｆour futuｒｅｃoｏpｅration. “ A gooｄbeginning iｓhalf the ｂatｔle,” as wｅalwayｓbelｉeｖｅit. I wiｓｈmy Cｈinｅｓe frienｄｓ a most rｅｗarding viｓｉt.Paｓｓage 2 (２５%）:Iｎforｍａtioｎｔｅchnoloｇieｓare ｆunｄamentalｌy transforｍing ｔh ｅwoｒlｄin which peopｌe liｖe, worｋ, goｖern, and cｏｍmｕnicａｔｅ.Ｉn thiｓgloｂalＩnfｏrｍation Revｏlｕｔiｏｎ,tｈｅacｃｅlerated develｏpmｅnt oｆinｆｏrmation aｎd cｏmmuｎicaｔionｓｔｅchnｏlｏgｉｅs ｉｓhaviｎg ａn increasing iｍｐａｃt onｖirｔuａlｌy aｌl aｓpects of ecoｎomｉc activitｙaｎd social stｒuｃtureｓ.Ｍoreｉmporｔaｎtly,ｔhｅnａｔｕｒe oｆｔechｎoｌogies is shifting from analog to dｉgitａl, ｗired aｎd fixeｄto wiｒeｌｅｓｓand mobilｅ, and from sｅpaｒatｅtrａnsmisｓions of voｉｃｅ, data，text and iｍage to inｔeracｔiveｍｕlｔimｅdia．Ｔhiｓｗorld ｏf aｄvanｃeｄｅlectronｉcｎetworksｗｉll ｏpen ｕp an entirely new doｍain of ｐｏｓs ｉbｉlity ａnｄprogress.ParｔB( Ｃ-E) （50％)Ｄiｒecｔｉons: Ｉｎthis part oｆｔhｅtｅst, ｙou will heａr tｗｏpassages inＣｈineｓe. Each passaｇｅcｏnｓists of ｔwo paragraphs. Ａfｔerｙｏu haｖe heaｒdｅacｈparagraph,ｉnterpreｔitｉnｔo Ｅnglish. Yoｕｍay ｔａkｅnoteｓｗhile listｅninｇ.Ｐassage １(25％):上海是中国重要的经济、金融、贸易、科技、信息和文化中心。

北京师范大学-香港浸会大学联合国际学院《英语测试理论与方法》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷

2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷1、I will give you some articles which you can when you write the report.A．refer to B．apply to C．lead to D．talk to2、Any information of the oral test paper are regarded as strictly ______ before it is open.A．conventional B．analyticalC．controversial D．confidential3、Emphasis on quantity of growth overlooked gaps in the quality, _____ many aspects of thesocial services neglected.A．having left B．to be leaving C．to have left D．leaving4、The governor’s statement on employment ________ a storm of criticism,A．set up B．set outC．set about D．set off5、Mary was pleased to see that the seeds she ______ in the garden were growing.A．was planting B．has planted C．would plant D．had planted6、The science competition is a good opportunity to show students _____ creativity can addnew value to their school life.A．where B．whether C．how D．when7、—Listening to language recording in bed seems like an easy way to _______ some newvocabulary.—But does this learning method actually work?A．polish up B．make upC．pick up D．build up8、—What did she want to know, Tom?A．when was it B．it was when thatC．it was when D．when it was that9、. The study of natural history is not something to be left to biologists. In fact, their capacity _____ the time they can spend away from their offices is very limited.A．in terms of B．in search ofC．in view of D．in spite of10、_____ the oil under the sea, the company has raised ample funds to develop petroleum exploration equipment.A．Exploiting B．Having exploitedC．To exploit D．Exploited第二部分阅读理解（满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

精编国家开放大学电大本科《英语教学理论与实践》2026-2027期末试题及答案试卷号：

国家开放大学电大本科《英语教学理论与实践》2026-2027期末试题及答案（试卷号：1366）Section I | Basic Thcodei and Principles 40 pointsQucilion* 1—20 arc bated on thi* parLUirvctloiui Choate the be*t nnnwcr from A・ B or C for each question. Writ。

your an«wcr on the Answer ShccL1. Whit syllabus doea the following prcscntTA. Structural sylhbuskK Topic tyllftbutuC« Functional syllabus.2. Which of the following IwlonKft to bchnviorism?A. Une of native language in learningsProblem nolving uskiuC« Pattern drill*.3. Which o（ the following mcthodn doc» not tolcrAtc errors?A. The Audio-linxual Mclhod>K The（A）mmunicative Approuch.C* The Direct McthutLWhat approach trcal* the utudcntu nn ■ whole person• with fcelin«» and cmotion!i?A. The Natural Approach.H. The Cornmuntc/itivc Approach.C・ The HumimUtic Approach.5. Which of thr followinR uhould moM concern im when designing A nylhbun?A・ Need* of the learnrrs.l\. laks o（ the learncra.G Wunta of the IcAmera.6. What doeA the communication approach treat lnnsuaRc ”？A.A ■ymm.B・A meant of cotnmunioition<C. A tel of habits.7. Which of the （ollowinR activities in most BUluble for the cultivation of communicativecompetence?A. Inlormntion gap-H. Reciting o( tcxta«C. Complcnon questions.8. In which of the following doc« the tcnchcr n>Numc the role of miiniHcr?A・ Arranging for the fant groups to help the slow |(roupfi・K Commenting on the performance of the groups*C l^monntrating how to conduct xrcwp edi(ing>9. Which of the (allowing is a communicntive activity?A. Liatening to ihr weather broadcast und fill in a form#B> Ltutcning to the weather broRdcost and talk about a picnic,Q rmnulrrring the informittinn from the wenthcr broadennt into n churt>10. Which of the following activities can be adopted At the pre rending *tngc?A. RrsarranRinff the mmeriiiRHrainstorming the topic.G Writing a ftummary o( the texhI L Whut rcadihK stratcKy doea ^picking out »ut>topic Mcntcnccs* train?A< Skimming-IL ScAnning.(：• Inferring*12. Which of thr following Activities represent the top-down apprunch?A. Watching related filtnseB. Prc-tcaching vocnbulnr/aQ Exphining difficult lanKuagc points In the reading matemL13. To iJrvrlop the «kdl of liKlcning for Rpccific informnlion> the lencher aakn Btudentn to (ill in the hlanktwith the information they hear on the tape. Which stage of Ihtening C I SM it It at now?A. Prr-lintrninK.B. Whilr<liNtening.C> PostUiJitcriinKM. Which of the following octiviticii in dciugnrd to pnicticc the *kill of IJAtcninR for GiM?A. /Mier ImieninKt the »tudcnu arc rc<iuired to fill in the blnnkii with fhr wards in the texnH・ After listrninKe the utudrnU arr re<|uirrcl lo write A Aiirnniary oi the texb(\ After limmihHe the atudrntn arc required to mnkc B dinlogur ha»rd on th俨text15. What should the teacher try to nvoid when Melccting listening motcnals?A. The texts scripted and recorded in the studio.B. The textR with implicated concepts beyond the comprehension of studentsC・ The texts delivered through the accents other than RP or Standard American Pronuncintioru16- When A teacher corrects the errors of his/her students* what measures shouldn't he/»he UMC at fi函？A. To give the studentn who makes error thr firs! opportunity to correct it.Fk To get other studentB to correct iL ,G To correct the mudent dircctlya17> What role is a teacher less likely to play at the later stage of a Apenking clnAS?A< DemonstratonB・ Helper.C Corrector.18. Which three stages enn the oral lesson aiming at teaching new hnguagr br used?A. Pre-xpeakingf while speaktHgt pont-«prjikingsB. Preaentntiont pmctice> production.Ce Preview t lecture* praciicc«19. What does the nature of oral communication imply for teaching?A. We should encourage our students to speak with more redundancy.Be We should encourage our students to participate more in conversations than preparing one-person speechesC・ We nhould encourage our students to use more gestures and facial expressions when talking.20. What aspect of pronunciation does the following demonstrate?/f-七L 7Twinkle,twinkle9little star八L L 7 “How I wonderuuhatyouare .”A> RhythmB. LiaisoruG ； PitcKSection II i MinFIcsson Plan 60 points 2\. Directions： In this section9 you arc presented with a Mhort dialogue* Read the dialogue and design three listening activities： one pre-liertening activity• one listening activity and one post-IhtcDlng 9clMly. The requirement of each activity is as follows：> Pre-listening： lead in the topic« going for vacation> Listening： finish the details In the listening material> Post-listening： train the students9 ability to talk a boat their own plans.You may follow the table given after the passage. Make sure the three activities are related to each otherMnlcrialL Listening materialA: Whal are you doing fot vacation? B: rm (go sightseeing) In Befjing>A; Thafi a good Idea Who oreyou going wtth?B: I (go) with my parent!.砺B: She4s going sightseeing InHawaii.A A: That sounds nice.尸k Who l> ihe ______ (go) wHh?She f s going with her brotherActivity 1 (Prv-lbtcning)ObjectivcjiChs«room organi«ationTeaching aidProcedure 1)2)3)Tranaition (how to relate to the following activity)Activity 2 (listening)ObjectivesClasnroom organisation Teaching aidTraniitton (how to relate to the former activity)Procedure 1)2)3>Transition (how to rclnte to the following activity)Activity 3 (PaoMbtaiing} Objective®Ciosroom argnniXAtionTeaching aidTransit ion (how to relate io the former activity)Procedure D2)3)A: What is Mary ____ (do) for vacation?(1 )F ,redicted problems (2)PoMib!c solutions试题答案及评分标准（仅供参考）Sccilon |] i lyCMon Plan21. ,考答**怦分株峰 Activity 1 (Pre-Lktcnlng)Objectivesi to lead in the topic unci lo activate fitudcnts" buckRround knowletige of going for vacation.ClaMroom oninnlxatloni Group workTeschlng aid* picturesAssumed timet 5 minutesPniccdurtt(DLciid-ini introduce the topic (I *)The teacher can lead in the topic by nskinR quentions liket"Now. clnsiL Where do you URually for vncntion? Who do you go with?"(2)Group discuikiiion (3,)The teacher cnlh on one or two ntudcniM io contributct nnd then rftine tinothcr qiiCNtipn for group dincuMsiion*"OK. What do you do ? Work in ftroupiu See if you do the tame thinK^⑶Feedb.dc (19Call on different Rroupa to reporuTransition i(4)Ti "All nght< Thank you. SometimeN we need to tnlk our vacation pl ・niB ・・・."Activity 2 (Listening)Objectives t to train student*1 ability to Ret the key informution from the paMAgrCI BMHXNII oqcanbtaHoni wholc-ckas work to pair workTeaching ald s text-book* tape recorder> or multi-mediaAssumed timet 8 minutesTraniilion<5)AMign tht listening task (1f )<4 continued) M Today we're Roing to listen to two converMAfionn nbout talkinx about the plan for vucatioru Listen and try to find wha t their plans are. You c«n unc rhe following inblc to help you.”Section | | Bask llicories and Principles 本购为革逸・・共20个小地说汁40分部11 2分.LA2.C3. A4. 3. A 4.C 5-A 8. A 10< B 40 points12. A14>B 16.C 17. A 18. H 20. A 60 points(6)Whole class listening (3F)The teacher plays the recording and students listen to the passage to complete the table.⑺Pair work to check (2，)Get the AtudcnfA into pairs to check their work. For exnmple« the tenchrr cnn give the instruction like this. H all rights have you hnished? Now I'd like you to check your answers with your partner to see whether you hnve different idea^ ”(8) Feedback (2')Invite individual pairs to report their work. Make sure to ask the students to exploin what problems they have in listening. For example^ the teacher can do like thin, "Do you have problems in getting the information? OK. •••■ can you tell what difficult y you met when listcning?wTransition((9) Ti M Now f we know how to talk about vacation plans in English. …”Activity 3 (Post-Hstening)Objectives： to train the ability to express attitudes and comments, at the same time applying information obtained from the conversation.ClitJisroom orfpmiuitioni Pair workTeaching aid: noAssumed time: 6 minutesTransition ：(10) Assign the task (1 *)(9 continued) Now. the national day is coming? What * s your plan for the vacation? Pica* get into A pair and make a conver«atiotu "Procedure：(11) Group discussion (3')Students work in pairs and make o conversation# The teacher may walk around to issue help or participate a bit.(12) Feedb&ck (2，)Invite each pair to report their choice-Backup planBackup p!unPrrdklcd pnibktmi(1 )Thc siudentn m” not know anything about vacation pinna in English. They may olno knowftlrmdy through the conversation if I hey have prcvicwccL(2)Sorne students may have difficulty cxprcAting lheir opinion in EnglisbePoMiblc M>lutinn«i(I )1( the »tudent» know nothing about vacation plans in Engliaht it in bet bccaunr the objective of lintening is to learn about these things from the listenin*. However# H they know alreadyi it do€*n#t matter bccaune more often than note utudents may not understand the passage even if they already know the content. What f s more* sludcntn1 lintening may differ Krratly. If they h«vc previewed t thry may hnvc lca» diffirulty in following the clasiu(2)1f students hnvc difficulty cxprrfiKing thrm^clven in English* we should allow them to cxprcMM lheir idcaa in Chinr^e< Then the teacher c«n rcprwt lheir idrai in English^ In thi， way t they may get to know how to express thcmuclve*.。

07-08 A 卷口译理论与实践期末考试试卷答案

Interpretation Training TestPaper A(Tape script)Part A ( E-C) (50%)Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear two passages in English. Each passage consists of four sentences. After you have heard each sentence, interpret it into Chinese. You may take notes while listening.Passage 1 (25%):I wish to take this opportunity to thank you on behalf of all my colleagues for your warm reception and incomparable hospitality.The pass five days in China have been truly pleasant and enjoyable, and most memorable.Here, I particularly want to pay tribute to our Chinese partners whose effort has made possible the successful conclusion of the cooperative agreements.May I ask all of you present here to join me in raising your glasses, to the lasting friendship and cooperation between our two companies.Passage 2 (25%):Ladies and gentlemen, I’d like to report on my recent investigation of the current situation of China’s automobile market.Considering the fact that there is only one car for every 250 Chinese at present, the potential auto market is extremely attractive.China has cut its average tariff rate several times and promised to continue to cut its automobile import tariff. China has virtually opened its auto market to the outside world.China is seeking partners for its automobile industry, and we should walk up and take the opportunity.Part B ( C-E) (50%)Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear two passages in Chinese. Each passage consists of four sentences. After you have heard each sentence, interpret it into English. You may take notes while listening.Passage 1 (25%):中国国际旅行社为各位安排了富有中国民族文化特色的有趣的旅游线路。

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英语测试理论与实践期末AC部分整理Chapter 1Section A1.Why is Elle Woods considered diverse by Harvard Law School And why is Elle Woods admitted by Harvard Law School What can we learn from it about American cultureElle Woods is considered diverse by Harvard Law School because she’s a fashion major and her practices out of class are quite different from other students, who are usually politics, history or philosophy majors. Elle Woods was admitted by Harvard Law School mainly because they are looking for diverse students like Elle. From it, we can learn that American educational system encourages the development of , we can also realize that culture shapes people’s discourse and behaviors, which influences the communication between people.2.Discuss in groups the strengths and weaknesses of the American and Chinese education systems. Present your ideas to the whole class after your discussion.American education system emphasize that students should be diverse and take part in a lot of social practice, which contributes to the all-round development of students. However, American students usually lose in the competition with Chinese students because they don’t highlight the test skills. By contrast, Chinese education is a exam-oriented education, which put the exam at first. Therefore, Chinese students are often good at exam but lack experience of social practice and don’t know how to communicate with strangers.3.Why do Chinese and Americans develop different education systems What are the cultural factors underlying thedifferencesThe cultural difference generates the different education system between America and China. American culture is characteristic of opening and highlights social practice while Chinese culture is rigorous and highlights the role of parents and teachers. In this sense, students should respect for and obey their command and pay all attention to exam in terms of fierce competition.Section C1.Why did Zhao say ‘America is a good place, but it’s too dull’What can we learn about Chinese cultureWhen his son went to work, Zhao was quite lonely and didn’t have any friends. This kind of life was much different from his farming life in China, where he had many friends and neighbors around, talking, drinking tea and playing mabjong together during the leisure time. Chinese culture is a group-oriented culture, where people would like to interact with each other.2.Why did most Chinese families decide to grow vegetables instead of flowers on their land What can we learn about Chinese cultureChinese people are very diligent and thrifty. For them, it is wasteful to use land to raise flowers. Chinese culture which is characteristic of collectivism is a guideline that shapes Chinese behaviors.3.C ulture is often compared to the ‘software’of people’mind. Cite the examples in this case to explain the sentence.When Zhao was in American, he was very lonely and had no friend. That summer was the happiest time for him because hecould communicate with his friends. From this example, we can learn that culture governs people’s mind and determines whether they are happy or example is the choice of Chinese families to grow vegetables. From it, we can learn that culture governs people’s behavior and provides guidelines for what to do and what not to do.Chapter 2Section A1.In the movie, Jonathan wants to get Sara’s phone number, but their process of communication fails. What elements go wrong in this processWhen Sara gives her phone number to Jonathan, the paper is blown into a trash. Jonathan takes it as an accident, but Sara regards it as a sign of fate, which is telling her not to develop their relationship. Their different outlook to life causes the breakdown of the process of communication.2.In the movie, how many things does Sara do in order to test fate And what are they What do you think of these behaviors Three things. The first one is that Sara asks Jonathan to write down his phone number on a $5 bill and spends the bill in a little grocery store. The second one is that she promises to write down her number inside a book and sell it to a used bookstore. The third one is that she asks Jonathan to get into a hotel with her and proposes that she and Jonathan pick the same floor in the lift randomly. I think Sara believes in fate and regard the fate as the foundation of feelings.3.A famous anthropologist once said that ‘Culture is communication andcommunication is culture.’ Do you agree Why or why notYes. Because people in different cultures have differentcontexts, which influence how they communicate. In this case, Sara with a belief of fate can’t communicate with Jonathan not believing fate very well. Furthermore communication may be culture, because people often communicate with each other will have the same interest, habits and beliefs, which create the new culture.Section C1.What the mode of communication favored by Asians What cultural values underlie itAsian people are very courteous and indirect in the communication. Because they emphasize group harmony, they ere tolerant when they are offended. These collectivism values, shaped by Confucian teachings, were spread from China to many Asian countries.2.What is the mode of communication favored by Westerners What cultural values underlie itWesterners are direct and frank in the communication. And they have s strong sense of protecting their own rights. Individualism values are the principles guiding their behaviors.3. 同上面3Chapter 3Section A1.In the hearing, why does Xu Datong invite John to be his lawyer although John is not familiar with family law What can you learn from it about Chinese cultureXu Datong invited John to be his lawyer because John was his best friend. In his opinion, Chinese usually ask their intimate relationship for help to solve some intractable problems as this kind of relationship will make more effort to help you. Hence, we know that China is a collectivism society and Chinese peopleusually emphasize interdependence and collective relations.2.Why doesn’t John defend Xu Datong in the hearing What can we learn from this about Chinese cultureFrom the photos, John spontaneously considered that Dennis was abused by his father,which was illegal in America. That's why John rejected to defend Xu Datong. From it, we can see that in America, people are attached importance to the truth and law rather than to the interpersonal relationship, which is the most obvious characteristic of an individualism society and is different from a collectivism society.3.Why does Xu Datong tell the judge he performed Guasha on Dennis What can we learn from this about Chinese culture On Chinese' view, the young man is the brace of a family and he should be responsible for the whole family. Although Dennis' injury was created by his grandfather in fact, Xu Datong realized that he should shoulder the responsibility according to Chinese traditional culture.4.Who shall we ask for help when we get into legal troubles, our relatives and friends or a lawyerI would like to ask the lawyers for help when I get into legal the one hand, lawyers understand the laws and regulations and they know how to use laws to debate while your friends or relations who are willing to help you are possibly not familiar to laws. In fact, lawyers are useful in dealing with legal troubles than your friends and relatives. On the other hand, the fact and evidence are more emphasized in modern society. When the justice judged the legal cases and make the verdicts, they will notice the evidence and truth rather than persons.Section C1.Could you understand why Mile called the police What can we learn about American culture and Chinese culture Mike called the police because his grandmother beat him which was forbidden in America. In China, 'beating' is a regular and popular way to educate children. It is a common sense. 'Beating' can date back to ancient Chinese education when the teachers gave serious punishment to students doing something wrong. In America, 'beating' is forbidden and illegal. Parents always use mild methods such as persuasion or suggestion to educate their American children realize their right to protect themselves, which is influenced by freedom and equality propagated by The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizens.2.Why couldn’t Xue Suling carry out her original plan of Chinese language teaching What can we learn Learning about American culture and Chinese cultureChinese is very difficult, especially in speaking and must have an environment of Chinese language and substantial , Mike and Xue Suling d idn't have these conditions. In China, children’ s learning is manipulated by the teachers and parents and perhaps monitored for the whole day. In America, children should learn how to be independent of their parents from the moment they are born. They arrange their own , Xue Suling can't carry out her original plan. From it, we could realize that American highlight individual rights, which is the same as other individualism countries and areas.Chapter 4Section A1.Discuss the image of the whale as a symbol of nature, and Captain Ahab’s attitude towards it.The whale is a symbol of the nature, is a concrete embodiment of the powerful nature. Nature is rich and generous, it is a treasure for humans, providing humans with food and clothes. If losing it, humans will die. Nature is also stingy, it never gives something to humans on its own initiative, humans rely on plundering(掠夺)it to get what they want. Captain Ahab is the representative of human. He is a person with strength and perseverance as well as craziness, selfish and arrogance. He fights against the whale parallel to the behavior that people conquer the nature. For him ,the mission is holy and historic. In fact, human are confused a question whether the nature is friend or enemy, but the conflict between human and nature is inevitable.Section C1.What can we learn about Mexican culture from the reward system of PAMEXFrom this case, we learn that the Mexican culture is reserved and group-oriented. It highlights the group harmony and interpersonal relationships.2.What can we learn about American culture from the reward system USAHPThe American culture is more individualistic, result-oriented and analytic.3.How do you explain the phenomenon in this case, applying the theory of the relationship between humans What cultural differences caused the resistance of the local staff in PAMEX after the acquisitionBecause of the radically cultural differences between the American management and the Mexican staff, it was a challenge for the American management to accept for the Mexican staff and pay attention to the fundamental values in humanrelationship under Mexican circumstances.4.If you were one of the managers from USAHP, concerning the local culture, what measures will you take to promote the motivation of the original staff in PAMEX If I was one of the managers from USAHP, I would like to respect and promote the culture and philosophy of the original staff in PAMEX. With the merge and acquisition, the culture clash became increasingly obvious. If the company wanted to manage the PAMEX and its employees, it should observe the original cultures. It should glorify and support that PAMEX promoted, rewarded and retained employees based on their loyalty to the firm and to their immediate supervisors, and oninterpersonal connections. Approving the cultures and customs of the original staff in PAMEX, they would be promoted to work hard and contribute to the company USAHP.Chapter 5Section C1.What can we learn from the first case Use Hofstede’s ‘Uncertainty avoidance’dimension to explain your answer.‘Uncertainty avoidance’ indicates how much a society feels threatened by ambiguous situations and tries to avoid them by providing rules, believing in absolute truths, and refusing to tolerate deviance. Some cultures, such as Greece, Portugal, Belgium, Japan and Spain are averse to the unknown. Such cultures emphasize uniformity and dislike deviance. Such cultures may be rather emotional in the process of gathering information. Foreign teachers need detailed instructions. They hope to reduce the ambiguity in their expectations for the working in China. Thus they turn to Chinese officials to tell them exactly their responsibility, rights, the regulations, the available facilities, theaccommodations. Such information helps reduce the anxiety.2.If you are in America, what will you do to get a book you need What can we learn from this case Use Hofstede’s ‘individualism-collectivism’dimension to explain your answer.According to Hofstede’s research, collectivist cultures te nd to be Asian and Latin American, while the individualistic cultures are North American and European. Collectivist cultures emphasize common interest, cooperation, conformity and inter-dependence. They have tight social framework, where people help each other. The in-group includes one’s family, relatives, acquaintances, friends, classmates and colleagues. In individualistic cultures, people highlight their own needs. They emphasize more ‘I’ than ‘we’. Thus, if an American wants to borrow a book from another library, he would directly consult the staff working at the library to see whether the library is available to him. Then, he will inquire the procedures for obtaining books from that library. He will not ask his friends for help. In China, however, one would first try to find someone he knows to help him.3.What does ‘friend’ mean to Chinese What does ‘friend’ mean to AmericansAccording to Hofstede’s research, America ranked in individualism worldwide. Americans respect other privacy and maintain certain distance. Even friends should try not to be very demanding. If friends ask for help, they should make their requests reasonable. While Chinese belong to community, so friends have a closer relationship. One encountering some troubles, wants his friend to help him. In China, friends are the people that one can depend on and trust.Chapter 6Section A1.Why is the meaning of ‘I like your sweater’ very clear in the WestIn the West, the meaning of the sentence ‘I like your sweater’ is very clear because of the low-context style of communication, in which most of the information in the communication is transmitted in the verbal speech.2.Why is the meaning of ‘I like your sweater’ very clear In Asian societiesIn Asian societies, the meaning of the ‘I like yo ur sweater’is not clear because of the high-context style of communication, in which people may transmit a large amount information in the context rather than in verbal speech.3.What are the differences between Chinese and Western culture What are the differences between Chinese and Western languageChinese culture is a typical high-context culture in which people’s communication is indirect and tentative. Sometimes they don’t really mean what they say simply. Western culture is a low-context culture in wh ich people’s communication is direct and frank. For example, if a westerner say that he likes the painting, he only express an appreciation while Chinese may mean he wants to have one.Section C1.Did my daughter really mean it when she refused her Filipin o classmate’s offer What can we learn about the culture Use Hall’s culture context model to illustrate it.No, she didn’t really mean it. She wanted to have a hamburger very much. She refuse her classmate’s offer just because she was Chinese. She knew the hamburger was quiteexpensive, so she didn’t want to ask a favor of her classmate. If she had done so, she would have thought she had taken financial advantage of her classmate. Chinese culture is a typical high-context culture in which people’s communicat ion is indirect and tentative. Sometimes they don’t really mean what they say simply.2.What makes the Filipino girl consider the invitation as genuine What can wen learn about her culture Use Hall’s culture context model to illustrate it.Generally, westerners consider an invitation as genuine if it makes a definite time, place and activity. In this case, all three criteria were very clear, so the Filipino girl considered the invitation as genuine, and very happy to accept it. She didn’t know her Chinese classmate extended the offer just out of courtesy. For people of low-context cultures, who adopt the direct and frank communication, they must pay attention to discerning the real intentions of those of high-context cultures.Chapter 7Section A1.Why Eliza was so bad in spite of her successful performance at the party.Eliza got better education performed well in order to lure Higgins who was her teacher and who she liked and expect his concern. However, Higgins ignored exhausted Eliza, only boasted to his friends and celebrated the success, which made Eliza frustrated. Furthermore, Eliza didn’t get ready for the success and was confused about the future.Section C1.Do you think it is necessary to rename the dragon as Chinese symbol WhyI think it is necessary to rename the dragon as Chinese symbol since the misunderstanding of the Chinese ancient totem 'dragon' has influenced the spread of Chinese culture. For Chinese view, dragon equivalent to emperor symbolizes royal and majesty which receive respect and honor. In western opinion, dragon represents a fearsome, threatening animal. If we want to make westerners have much knowledge of Chinese culture and the ancient totems especially dragon, a symbol for honesty, good fortune, and happiness in the minds of Chinese people, we are supposed to eliminate their prejudice and misunderstanding firstly. Therefore, renaming the dragon is an urgent affair and vital campaign which is associated with the China' s rebuilding the cultural system all over the world.2.Do other animals inspire different associations in China and Western countries Peacock also inspires different associations in China and Westerncountries. Chinese believe that the peacock is a symbol of auspicious festival, so people often describe the peacock as beautiful people or things. For example, the ancient Chinese have a love story "the peacock flies to southeast". The dancer Dao Meilan is famous for dancing "peacock dance", and is known as "peacock princess". Yang Liping dances a performance called the spirit of "sparrow" beautifully, which is full of praise.Ancient oracle character "Phoenix" has a bunch of beautiful pappus, a long and beautiful tail behind. The overall graphic is a picture of the peacock pictographic drawing completely. The peacock in China since ancient times is regarded as a kind of beauty, auspicious bird.Nevertheless the peacock in the western value has a reverse believe that the peacock is strutting when walking defiantly andoften shows off its beauty by its tail, which is considered as 'proud' and 'vanity' in the west. So the peacock in the west has a derogatory sense. The second explanation of the 'peacock' in American Heritage Dictionary is a megalomania person given to self - display. For example, she strutted like a peacock, looking down her nose at everyone which demonstrates the woman was pride.Chapter 8Section A1.Is different social status the obstacle of true love or marriageThe different social status is the obstacle of true love and marriage. People with different status have different education and different kinds of friends. They have different communications,which create different value and outlook on life. At the same time, they have different interests and habits. If two people have many differences above, they will have controversy and disparity, which lead to disharmonious marriage.Section C1.Can you explain why Joe said, ‘While in China, I sometimes felt like a prisoner’ Because the itinerary arranged by Hong and her department without consulting with Joe was so tight that he had no free time to explore the city and the surrounding area on his own.2.Can you tell the differences between Chinese hospitality and American hospitality Chinese hospitality features that the host should arrange everything well for the visitor. In the story, Hong and the chair of her department met Joe at the airport, put him up in a nice hotel, arranged a big dinner for him for the evening and gave him the itinerary for the next few days. In fact,Hong spent much time making sure Joe's visit would go smoothly. Similarly, if the visitor comes to China for the first time, Chinese always devise all of the itinerary and require the visitor to complete the visit according to the itinerary. Furthermore, Chinese make these plans which leave no time for the visitor to conduct independently without inquiring the visitor. As the conclusion, the visitor who from other areas especially from western countries would feel grateful for everything at the beginning but annoyed and deprived because of the tight itinerary later.However, westerners prefer to suggest and inquire rather than to make the plans directly. If the visitor needs a guide, they are grateful and honored. Surely, they will ask what you like to go and when you want to get cracking on going there. On the contrary, if you want to enjoy a trip independently, they will respect you and merely suggest some interesting and worthwhile resorts, which makes you feel more relaxed. In brief, Chinese hospitality is enthusiastic but semi-compulsory while American hospitality is more appropriate and relaxing.Chapter 9Section Cdid the same advertisement succeed in France but fail in Saudi Arabia Why did the adapted version of the advertisement succeedEach culture has different understanding of touching. Americans, the English, Germans and Northern Europeans belong to low-touch cultures while Hispanics, people of Eastern European, Italians, the French, Arabs, and Jews are high-touch cultures. Whether considered to be high-or low-touch, defines for its members whom they can touch, as well as when and wherethey can cannot touch. For example, although the French and Arabs are considered high-touch cultures, the French culture permits a mutual directional touching between men and women while in Arabian cultures, the male do it much more than the female. In France, women touching men frequently is proper, but in Arab it seems that the female is too aggressive which gives a negative impression to the male. In the adapted version, the touching was reduced and neutralized. As a result, the picture in the ads implies that the man is so irresistible that the lady can’t help getting close to him in spite of her awareness of the cultural rule.3.What do you learn from Drakkar Noir’s storyIf we want a advertisement to be success in a nation, we should know about the nation’s culture. People raised in different culture would have different viewpoints,which decide whether your advertisement would lure consumers in the nation. In this case, the former advertisement f ailed because it didn’t follow the nation’s culture, especially the understanding of touching. Therefore, it didn’t lure consumers. However, after it investigated the culture and changed the picture, it succeeded.Chapter 10Section A1.The Indian and Amer ican concepts of ‘Time’ reflected in this movieAmericans regard time as a commodity, something to be used, bought, wasted, saved or spent. So they attach much importance to the efficiency of using time and like a fast pace of life. In India, relationship is far more important than schedules and efficiency. People live in a slower and relaxed way. In this movie, T odd is sent to India to get its MPI down from 15 minutesper call to 6. Todd thinks it is not realistic, and his fellow he meet in MacDonnell’s says ‘No way in India.’ By contrast, Puro, the Indian charger, regards an MPI of 12 is already satisfactory. Another point is that Americans are very specific about time, which is different from how Indians treat it. In this movie, Todd argues with Dave about the target MPI:should it be or something between and . However, when T odd asks Puro when the glass of his office will arrive, Puro says ‘It’s coming soon.’In fact, it finally comes three weeks later.Section Cyour opinion of the Director’s behavior How would you explain Katherine’s feeling to the DirectorThis case is about the culture difference in two different time system namely Monochronic Time and Polychronic Time. The Director follows a Polychronic culture which schedules several activities at the same time. He often breaks the appointments and is more subjected to interruptions. So it is natural for him to keep talking with a Chinese teacher when it is already five minutes past his appointment time with Katherine, and later tolerate interruptions during his talk with her. By contrast, Katherine follows a Monochronic Time system which schedules only one activity at one time, is very specific about the time and efficiency. In this sense, she could not cope with the Director’s conversation with others, especially in Chinese, during her appointment time. Although the Director has realized that his behavior may not seem polite to Katherine and even apologizes to her, his apology doesn’t compensate for her frustration.Chapter 11Section A1.How would you solve Martha’s problem if you were AlexI would communicate with my father firstly and ask him whether he can change his schedule. If he rejects, I would inquire Martha if she could change her time. If she doesn’t agree, I would consider redecorate the house and divide the house into two spaces or borrow much money from bank to buy a new larger house.Section Cwould you react to Wang Liang’s behavior Why did Wolfgang get angryThis case is about the cultural differences in the understanding of personal space. Some cultures do not give private, personal space high consideration. Sometimes, fifty Africans can crowd into the same amount of space that holds only twenty North Americans. The reason is that Africans’sense of personal space suffers no intrusion from crowding and touching. In this sense, Wang Liang, comes from Chinese culture, is not as sensitive about personal space as is his German colleague. He tends to respect for the physical boundaries of personal territory, but pays little attention to less visible invasion. In this sense, he never realize s that his behavior may be regarded as rude. By contrast, Wolfgang’s culture is more sensitive to privacy. The boundary of his personal territory can extend to personal items. Therefore, when he found Wang Liang was reading the newspaper without his permission, he felt an invasion of his private personal space.Chapter 13Section A1.What would you do if you were Viktor at such difficult timeIf I was Viktor, I would learn English at first, because it is a tool to communicate and get information, which is important forhim in a strange country. Secondly, I would attempt to find a long-time job in order to survive. Thirdly, I would make friends in the country and often communicate with them and explore their behaviors. How they speak and behave rest on the local culture. My final aim is to realize local culture and integrate into the society, which makes me live better in the country. Section C1.Can you explain what is behind the culture shock the girl experiencedThere are two shocks. The first one is the difference in terms of study. There is much work in America than in France. In France, the courses cover a particular subject in depth, whereas in America the classes embrace a large range of topics, but more superficially. The classes are more alive than in France. The second one is the difference in terms of technology. The students in America have easier access to computers, allowing them to go to the web for research. In France, the majority do not have access to computers.2.Have you ever encountered any culture shock in your communication with your foreign teachers or foreign friends Foreign teachers often assign little homework, the majority of which is practical. Chinese teachers often assign much work, because they think the more we practice the more knowledge especially what in books we have a good command of. Furthermore,foreign teachers don’t touch their students if they want to praise or encourage them while Chinese teachers are get accustomed to using the way.。

英语测试理论与实践期末AC部分整理