主谓一致精讲精练
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主谓一致
一. 学前诊断
1.The blind ____ in special schools.
A. is studying
B. studies
C. study
D. has studied
2.Look! The teacher , together with his students , ____ now working in the lab.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. was
3.The museum I have visited _____ at the end of the street.
A. stand
B. stands
C. is standing
D. are standing
4.Three weeks ____ not enough for me to write the report.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
5.Three-fourths of the homework___ today.
A. has finished
B. has been finished
C. have finished
D. have been finished
6.Either he or I ___ to go to Beijing on business.
A. is
B. be
C. are
D. am
7.More than 70 percent of the books ____ in English.
A. is written
B. has written
C. are written
D. have written
rge quantities of water ___ needed for cooling purpose.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
9.“ All ___ present and all ____ going well.” Said the boy.
A. is ; is
B. are ; are
C. are; is
D. is are
10.How one treats his parents ____ great influence on his children.
1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句做主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:
His father is working on the farm.
To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all.
The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
注:Δ由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what 从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
如:What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.
2. 由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。
Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates.
The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news.
Both she and he are Young Pioneers.
注:Δ①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人,物或同一概念时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:
The writer and artist has come.
Trial and error is the source of our knowledge.
②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every ,many a等修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Every student and every teacher was in the room.. / No boy and no girl likes it.
3. 主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。(就前原则) 如:
Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.
Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall.
4. either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。如:Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.
注:Δ①在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。如:Neither of the texts is (are) interesting.
②若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如:None of us has (have) been to America.
5. 在定语从句时,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
注:在one of + ns +who/that/which 引导的定语从句中,从句的谓语用复数如:He is one of my friends who are working hard. /
在the only/very one of + ns +who/which/that 引导的定语从句中,从句的谓语用单数如:He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.
6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如:The class consists of 25 boys and 20 girls./ The class are doing experiments.
The population of China is 13.6 billion and 70% of the population are peasants.
Δpeople, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如:The police are looking for the lost child.
7. 由“some,/ half,/a lot of, /lots of, /plenty of, /the rest of, /the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如:There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls.
Δa number of“许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;th e number of“…的数量”,主语是number,谓语用单数。
8. 由kind /type/ series /quantity of 等修饰的主语,其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是它们后面所跟的名词。如:
Large quantities of water are needed for watering the flowers.
A new type of bus is now on show.
9. 在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:
There comes the bus./ On the wall are many pictures. / Such is the result. / Such are the facts.
10. Many a + 单数名词(许多);more than one +单数名词做主语时,谓语用单数形式。如;
Many a page in this book is missing./ More than one student has failed in the exam.
注:more than + 名词复数或more + 名词复数+ than one 做主语时,谓语用复数形式,如:More than 20 students are playing basketball./ More people than one are against your plan.
11. what, who, which, any, more, all等代词可以是单数,也可是复数,主要靠意思来决定。如:
Which is your bag? / Which are your bags? / All is going well. / All have gone to Beijing.
12. 表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数做主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式,这