美国华人历史

历史

按照美国政府记录，第一的来美国华人是1820来的。1848年之前，美国华侨人数没有超过1000。华人移民美国始于1840年代，但为数很少。1840年至1860年赴美的华人大多为男性。

1850年代华人移民随即大量增加。同时由于太平天国叛乱，中国南方政治动荡不安，华人一般来自广东。基于加州淘金潮，当时美国西部急需劳动力，1868年，美国和大清签订《中美通商条约》，其第五条款规定华人愿常住美国或入籍，皆须听其自由不得禁阻。此条约为美国来华招揽大量华工开方便之门。

1877年美国加州经济转入低迷，美国出现第一次排华浪潮。1880年美国与清廷签订《北京条约》，其中第一条款规定限制华人到美的人数和年限。1882年，美国通过《排华法案》禁止中国移民。

第二波华人移民是在1952年和1965年，美国移民法解禁之后，从台湾到美国当学生的。1 970年代，台湾经济渐趋发达，此类移民于1970年代末开始减少。1977年中国大陆开始送学生往美国，此类移民在1980年代越来越多。

另外，一些现代移民来自福建，赴美国寻找劳动工作，以纽约为中心，集中在东北地区。

According to the U.S. government record, first came to the United States of America is 1820 years ago, the United States of America is not more than 1000 of Chinese immigrants in the United States began in the 1840's, but the number of Chinese people to the United States for a few.1840 years to 1860 are mostly male.

1850s Chinese immigrants then a substantial increase in. At the same time as a result of the Taiping Rebellion, southern China political unrest, Chinese general from Guangdong. Based on the California Gold Rush, when in urgent need of labor force in the western United States, 1868, > < Sino US trade treaty signed the United States and in the morning, the fifth clause of the Chinese may resident in the United States or naturalization, all must listen to the free shall be forbidden. The Treaty for the United States in China to attract a large number of Chinese workers to open the door.

In 1877, California's economy into the downturn, the United States first exclusion wave the East in the United States and the Qing government signed the Treaty of Beijing < >, which years first provisions to restrict Chinese to the beauty of the number and duration of.1882. The United States

through < Exclusion Act > banned Chinese immigrants.

Second wave of Chinese immigrants in 1952 and 1965, the United States after the civil law ban, from Taiwan to the United States when the students'.1970 's, Taiwan's economy is gradually developed, such immigrants began to reduce the.1977 in the 1970 years since the mainland began to send students to the United States, such immigrants more and more in the 1980's.

In addition, some of the modern immigrants from Fujian, went to the United States to find work, to New York as the center, focused on the northeast.

公民身份

按照美国宪法第十四修正案(FourteenthAmendment)和1898年美国最高法庭法案(1898Unit edStatesv.WongKimArk)，任何在美国出生的华人皆是美国公民。归入美国籍时，移民并不需要放弃原有的国籍。

中华民国并不公开承认双重国籍，但是中华民国同时也不视“归入美国籍时所发的誓词”为正式的放弃中华民国国籍之宣示，所以中华民国公民并不会失去中华民国国籍；然而中华人民共和国则不承认双重国籍，一旦归入美籍，移民便视为放弃中华人民共和国公民之身份。In accordance with the United States Constitution Fourteenth Amendment (Fourtee nthAmendment) and the United States Supreme Court Act (1898UnitedStatesv.WongKi mArk) in 1898, any Chinese born in the United States are American citizens.

The Republic of China is not openly admit dual nationality, but of the Republic of China also is not regarded "belong to the nationality of the United States issued the oath" formally renounced the nationality of the Republic of China de clared, so the ROC citizens and not lose the nationality of the Republic of Chi na; however the people's Republic of China does not admit that dual nationality, once classified as American, immigration will be regarded as a waiver of the p eople's Republic of China citizens identity.