上海初中英语

UNIT FOUR1.write sth about sth for sb 为某人写关于某事的···（文章，报道等）e.g. I wrote a report about our class meeting for my headmaster.我为我的校长写了一份关于我们班会的报道。

2.suggest v.建议 n. suggestion 提议，建议suggest sth to sb 向某人建议某事suggest doing sth 建议做某事suggest + that从句，从句用虚拟语气（should +动词原形）make /offer a suggestion 提建议on the suggestion of···在···的建议下e.g.Can anyone suggest ways of raising more money ?谁能提出方法来筹集更多的钱吗？Lily suggested taking a walk after supper.莉莉建议饭后散步。

Lily suggested that we (should) take a walk after supper.Lily made a suggestion that we (should )take a walk.advise 建议 v. advice 建议，忠告 n.{u}advise (sb ) to do sth 建议某人做某事advise sb not to do sth 建议某人不要做某事advise sb against sth /doing sth 建议某人不要做···advise sb + that 从句(从句用should +动词原形）3.vote 投票v. n.投票选择vote for 投票赞成 vote against 投票反对secret vote 不记名投票4.take charge of 负责，管理 in the charge of 由···负责in charge of 负责e.g.The captain took/was in charge of the ship .船长负责那条船。

The ship was in charge of the captain. 这条船由船长负责。

5.be responsible for 对···负责e.g. We should be responsible for what we did .我们应该为我们所做的负责。

6.talk over sth 详细讨论某事e.g.We should talk it over among ourselves.我们应该详细讨论一下。

7.decide v.决定 decision n.decide to do sth 决定做某事decide not to do sth 决定不做某事decide on doing sth 决定干某事make a decision to do sth=make up one's mind to do sth决定做某事make a decision about sthcome to/arrive at/reach a decision 作出决定e.g.I decided to give up smoking. 我决定放弃吸烟。

I decided not to smoke.我决定不吸烟。

I made a decision to give up smoking.I made up my mind to give up smoking.Have they come to a decision yet?他们是否已有所决定？8.make a list of 列清单e.g.You should make a list of what you want to buy .你应该把你想要买的东西列个清单。

9.pay···for sth 为···付款，主语为人spend 常与on ,in 搭配使用，其主语一般是人，spend ···on sth /spend ··· in doingsthcost 一般表示花费金钱，主语通常是物。

固定句型：it takes sb some time /money to do sth.花费某人多长时间或金钱干某事，其形式主语是it，真正的主语是不定式。

E.g. It took Ann an hour to do the shopping.=Ann spent an hour in doing the shopping.The shirt costed me 30 yuan.I paid 30 yuan for the shirt.10.start doing sth 开始干某事start to do sth 开始干某事不定式与V-ing 的区别： begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do; 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing; 在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to do; 事物作主语时,用不定式。

e.g.How old were you when you first started playing the piano? 你几岁时开始弹钢琴？ I begin to understand the truth。

我开始明白真相。

I was beginning to get angry。

我开始生起气来。

The snow began to melt.雪开始融化了.9.be curious about 对···好奇e.g. I was very curious about how things worked.我对事物的运转好奇。

10.be tired of doing sth 对···感到厌倦be tired from doing sth 因···而疲倦e.g.I was tired of the same life.我已经厌倦了同样的生活。

I was tired from a long walk.长时间的步行让我疲惫不已。

情态动词should 与 ought to"必须 ,应该, 应当"的意思，ought to与should意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是should谈的是自己的主观看法，ought to则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。

ought to具体用法如下：1. (表示义务、责任等) 应当, 应该，语气比should强，带有责备或督促的含义。

You ought to work harder than that.你应该比那更努力。

2. (表示劝告、建议等) 应该, 该You don't look well. You ought to go to see the doctor.3. (表示猜测、期望) 总应该，理应e.g.It ought to be a fine day tomorrow .4. ought to +have + 过去分词，表示应做某事而实际未做，这时ought to和should 可以互换使用。

e.g.You ought to have finished your homework.你本应该完成你的家庭作业。

ought to的否定式和疑问式1. ought to的否定形式是ought后直接加not构成，其否定形式可缩写为oughtn't。

One ought not (oughtn't) to cross the street against the red light.2. ought to的疑问式是将ought提到句首构成。

—Ought we to do it at once? —Yes, you ought to.在反意疑问句里，下面两种形式都可以：He ought to be here now, shouldn't (oughtn't) he？Should 的具体用法：1.表示“义务或责任”，意思是“应该”。

E.g. We should keep our promise.我们应该遵守诺言。

2.表示可能性、推测、估计，意思是“可能，该”。

E.g. She should be home now,I think.我想她现在该到家了。

3.表示说话人用委婉、谦虚的语气提出意见、请求或建议，意思是“可，倒是，想”。

e.g.I should advise you to pay more attention to your health.我倒是想劝你多注意身体。

4 should have done 表示本该做而为做should not have done 表示本不该做而做了e.g.You should have come here at 5 p.m..你本应该五点来的。

You should not have blamed him。

你本不应该责备他的。