专插本英语语法:定语从句概要

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英语定语从句考点重点归纳总结

英语定语从句考点重点归纳总结

英语定语从句考点重点归纳总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它在句子中起到修饰名词或代词的作用。

掌握定语从句的用法和特点对于英语学习者来说至关重要。

本文将对英语定语从句的考点进行重点总结和归纳。

一、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词:关系代词常用于引导定语从句,包括that,which,who,whom,whose等。

2.关系副词:关系副词也可以引导定语从句,主要包括when,where,why等。

二、定语从句的作用和位置定语从句通常用来修饰名词或代词,它可以紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,也可以放在句子的末尾。

如果定语从句紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,通常用关系代词来引导;如果放在句子末尾,则用关系代词或关系副词来引导。

三、定语从句的几种类型分析1.限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句是定语从句的一种常见形式,它对被修饰的名词起到了限定和具体化的作用,去掉定语从句,句子的意思仍然完整。

关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语或定语,关系副词在从句中修饰时间、地点或原因。

2.非限定性定语从句:非限定性定语从句是用来对被修饰的名词进行补充说明或者陈述一些额外信息的。

非限定性定语从句通常用逗号或者破折号与主句隔开,去掉定语从句对整个句子的意思没有太大影响。

四、定语从句的连接词使用注意事项1.关系代词that和which的区别:that通常用来引导限定性定语从句,which则常用于非限定性定语从句。

2.关系代词who和whom的区别:who用来引导指人的定语从句,并在从句中担任主语或者宾语;whom通常用于非限定性定语从句,担任宾语。

3.关系代词whose的用法:whose用来引导定语从句,表示所属关系。

5.关系副词when,where和why的用法:when用来表示时间,where表示地点,why表示原因。

五、定语从句的注意事项1.省略关系词:当关系从句中作主语、宾语或者介词宾语时,关系词(常用的是that或which)可以省略。

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,在句中充当定语的作用。

它可以用来进一步描述、限定或补充名词或代词的含义。

定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。

以下是一些关于定语从句的语法总结:1.关系代词:(1)主格:who,which,that- Who用于指人,作主语时代替的人- The person who is standing over there is my brother.- Which用于指物,作主语时代替的事物- The book which is on the table is mine.- That用于指人或物,作主语时代替的人或事物,比who和which 更常用- The man that is talking to Mary is her boss.(2)宾格:whom,which,that- Whom用于指人,作宾语时代替的人- The person whom I met yesterday is my teacher.- Which用于指物,作宾语时代替的事物- The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.- That用于指人或物,作宾语时代替的人或事物,比whom和which 更常用- The man that I saw in the park is my neighbor.(3)所有格:whose- Whose用于指人或物,表示所有关系- The woman whose husband is a doctor is my aunt.2. 关系副词:when,where,why- When用于指时间,修饰表示时间的名词- The day when we met was sunny and beautiful.- Where用于指地点,修饰表示地点的名词- The city where I was born is very beautiful.- Why用于指原因,修饰表示原因的名词- The reason why he came late is that he missed the bus.注意事项:-在非限定性定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词前面需加逗号或分号- 关系代词who,which,that在口语和非正式的书面语中,常可省略-在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词在从句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语或定语,并且其人称、数要与先行词保持一致-定语从句的谓语动词通常与先行词保持一致,但也有例外情况,如当先行词表示所有者时,谓语动词要与关系代词的先行词保持一致。

专升本英语从句核心知识点详解

专升本英语从句核心知识点详解

专升本英语从句核心知识点详解在专升本英语的学习中,从句是一个至关重要的语法知识点。

掌握好从句,不仅对于语法题的解答有很大帮助,还能提升阅读理解和写作的能力。

接下来,咱们就详细地聊聊专升本英语中从句的核心知识点。

首先,咱们来认识一下从句的基本概念。

从句就是在一个复合句中,不能独立成句,但具有主语部分和谓语部分,由that、which、who、whom、when、where、why、how等引导词引导的句子。

从句在整个句子中充当某个成分,比如主语、宾语、定语、状语等等。

一、定语从句定语从句在专升本英语中出现的频率较高。

它相当于一个形容词,用来修饰先行词。

先行词就是被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

1、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词有that、which、who、whom、whose。

当先行词是人时,用who或whom作宾语;当先行词是物时,用which或that。

whose表示“……的”,既可指人也可指物。

例如:The man who/that is standing there is my teacher(先行词“the man”是人,在从句中作主语,用who/that)The book which/that I bought yesterday is very interesting(先行词“the book”是物,在从句中作宾语,用which/that)2、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词有when、where、why。

when在从句中作时间状语;where在从句中作地点状语;why在从句中作原因状语。

例如:I still remember the day when we met for the first time (“the day”是先行词,在从句中作时间状语,用when)This is the place where we had a picnic last week (“the place”是先行词,在从句中作地点状语,用where)二、宾语从句宾语从句在句子中充当宾语,一般放在及物动词、介词或某些形容词后面。

专升本英语定语从句ppt课件

专升本英语定语从句ppt课件
who:指人,作主语或宾语;whom:指人,做宾 语
关系代词
Who’s the boy that is reading a book? Can you show me the photo that you like best?
that:指人或物,作主语、宾语或表语
The boy is my classmate. The boy’s father is a policeman.
当先行词是人时,用”介词+whom”引导定语从句。 This is the man from whom I learnt the news. 当先行词是物时,用“介词+which”引导定语从句,而且只
能加which, 不能加that. I’ll never forget the days on which we lived
1. Those _w__h_o___ want to go to the museum must be at the
school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.
2. Yesterday I helped an old man _w__h_o__ had lost his way.
He is one of the students who _h_a__v_e_ made great progress.
Mr. Wang is the only one of my friends who _h_a_s_ been invited to have dinner with us.
(have)
Ben.
He was the only person that ( 为 什 么 不 用 who?) was
present at the time.

英语的定语从句总结(精选6篇)

英语的定语从句总结(精选6篇)

英语的定语从句总结(精选6篇)英语的定语从句总结篇1一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、由who, whom, that,Whose引导的从句这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,who作主语指人,whom作宾语指人,that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略),可以指人也可以指物。

Whose 用来指人或物,只用作定语。

(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。

(whom/that在从句中作宾语)(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。

2、由which, that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,作宾语时可以省略,例如:(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。

(which / that在从句中作主语)(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。

(which / that在从句中作宾语)注意:代表物时多用which,但在下列情况中用that而不用which:a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略;c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;d)先行词中既有人又有物时;e)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;f)当先行词为物并作表语时;g)先行词为one时;h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;二、关系副词引导的定语从句1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用I still remember the day when I first came to the school.2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city where I was born.3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语,用在reason 后面。

(完整版)定语从句语法详解

(完整版)定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法专题(Attributive Clauses)教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

在句中做定语,被修饰的名词或代词,叫做先行词。

从句通常放在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。

其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

eg She is the girl(who got the first prize.)girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。

the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。

二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as(主, 宾, 定)关系副词: when, where, why.(状语)2.关系词的作用:(1)引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用;(2)代替先行词在句中充当成分。

定语从句语法知识点总结

定语从句语法知识点总结

定语从句语法知识点总结定语从句是用来修饰一个名词或代词的句子,常常用来给出进一步的描述或限定。

以下是一些定语从句的语法知识点总结:1. 引导词:定语从句通常由关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose)或关系副词(where, when, why)引导。

2.关系代词的选用:- that: 可以引导限定性和非限定性定语从句;用于人和物;- which: 用于非限定性定语从句,用于物;- who/whom: 用于人,在从句中作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom;- whose: 用于人和物,表示所属关系。

3.关系副词的选用:- where: 用于地点,在从句中作地点状语;- when: 用于时间,在从句中作时间状语;- why: 用于原因,在从句中作原因状语。

4.限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句:-限定性定语从句用来限定所修饰名词或代词的范围,不能省略,不用逗号与主句分开;-非限定性定语从句用来对前面的名词或代词进行补充说明,可以省略,用逗号与主句分开。

5.关系代词作宾语的省略:- 当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略:即省略关系代词that/which/who/whom,但要保留动词的宾语位置。

6.关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的不同作用:-关系代词在定语从句中充当一个成分,可以作主语、宾语、表语等;-关系副词在定语从句中充当一个状语,只能作时间、地点或原因状语。

7.先行词和定语从句的一致性:-关系代词的单复数和人称应与其在定语从句中的先行词保持一致;- 关系代词whose引导的定语从句是表示所属关系的,后面的先行词是被关系代词修饰的名词。

需要注意的是,定语从句的位置可以是句首、句中或句尾,要根据具体情况进行调整。

定语从句知识点总结详细

定语从句知识点总结详细

定语从句知识点总结详细一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一种对名词起修饰或限制作用的从句,它通常由关系词引导,用来进一步说明先行词的情况、属性或特征。

在句子中充当形容词,对名词进行修饰。

二、定语从句的用法1. 修饰名词定语从句通常用来修饰名词,对名词进行进一步的解释或者描述。

例如:The book that you recommended is very interesting.(你推荐的那本书非常有趣。

)2. 限制名词定语从句还可以作为限制性定语从句,用来对名词进行限定。

例如:I want to buy the pen which is on the table.(我想买桌子上的那支笔。

)三、定语从句的结构定语从句通常由关系代词或者关系副词引导,加上从句。

关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有when, where, why等。

从句的结构可以是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等。

1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰人或物,其结构如下:that(指人或物)which(指物)who(指人)whom(指人)whose(表所有关系)2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰时间、地点、原因等,其结构如下:when(指时间)where(指地点)why(指原因)四、定语从句的关键词1. thatthat通常用来指代人或物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。

例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。

)2. whichwhich通常用来指代物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。

例如:I like the dress which you are wearing.(我喜欢你穿的那条裙子。

广东专插本公共课英语华师第一期定语从句ppt

广东专插本公共课英语华师第一期定语从句ppt

注意: from where为介词﹢关系副词结
构, 但也可引导定语从句 1. He hid behind the door, from _____ where he could see what was happening in the room.
2. There is a library near my home, from _____ I can borrow many books. which
由一个句子充当定语,即在复 定语从句: 合句中修饰名词或代词的从句
定语从句的位置: 在修饰名词或代词后 先行词: 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词 引导词: 引导定语从句的词
关系代词
who, whom, whose, which, that, as 关系副词 when, where, why
引导词的作用: (1) 引导定语从句
Note
that和which在指物的情况下一般都 可以互换, 但在下列情况下,只能用that 作为定语从句的关系代词
(1)先行词是不定代词all, no, none,everyone, 注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who something, much, little等或被不定代词所修饰 Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won’t do I am sure she has something (that) you can such a thing. borrow. (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 a. This is the first book (that) he has read. b. She is the most beautiful girl (that) I have ever seen.

专升本定语从句知识点

专升本定语从句知识点

专升本定语从句知识点
定语从句是一个在句子中修饰名词或代词的从句。

它通常由关系代词(如who, whom, whose, which, that)或关系副词(如when, where, why)引导。

定语从句一般紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面,用来提供更多的信息或限定其范围。

定语从句有两种类型:限制性和非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句用来对被修饰的名词或代词进行具体的限定,并且不能省略。

关系代词或关系副词在从句中起连接作用,将主句与从句联系起来。

限制性定语从句没有逗号隔开,主句与从句之间具有很强的依存关系。

非限制性定语从句用来对被修饰的名词或代词进行附加说明,但不是必不可少的。

非限制性定语从句一般以逗号隔开,主句与从句之间的关系相对独立。

在定语从句中,关系代词的选择要根据其在从句中扮演的角色来决定。

例如,用who表示人,用which表示物,用whose表示所有关系等。

此外,定语从句可以把句子分为主句和从句两部分。

主句是定语从句修饰的内容,而从句在这里充当一个形容词的角色。

掌握定语从句的知识点对于理解和运用复杂句子非常重要。

了解定语从句的类型、引导词的选择和从句在句子中的作用,可以帮助我们准确、流畅地表达自己的意思。

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结定语从句语法总结介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。

以下是小编为大家整理分享的定语从句语法总结,欢迎阅读参考。

定语从句语法总结一.几个基本概念1.定语从句的定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

3.定语从句的位置:紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。

4.引导词:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。

(1)关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as(2)关系副词:when/where/why5.引导词的位置:位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。

【as除外】6.引导词的功能(作用):(1)连接先行词和定语从句。

(2)在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。

7.定语从句的类型:(1)限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。

① 直接由引导词引导定语从句The man who you’re tal king to is my friend.② 由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。

例如:The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting isfrom Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.(2)非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。

专转本英语语法2-定语从句和名词性从句

专转本英语语法2-定语从句和名词性从句
• We depend on the land from which we get our food. 我们 依赖土地获得食物。
三. 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在 从句中作状语。
whenre, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结
English Course
Grammar- Part II.
Lecture 2
第一节 从句概述
• 从句部分是一个重要的英语理论问题,也是一个 非常复杂的语法现象。不仅在单项选择题会有考 题,而且会大量的出现在阅读理解的句子中,直 接干扰对阅读中句子的理解;也会大量出现在完 形填空、翻译考题中;写作中也需要对于从句知 识的熟练掌握,这样才能自如地写出长句,增加 写作的表达效果。
3. 当先行词是物时,关系代词that, which 使用的特别规定 1)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a)在there be 句型中 b)在不定代词,如:anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时
• I am interested in all that you have told me.
四. 如何判断关系代词与关系副词 • This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. • I'll never forget the days when I worked together
with you.
判断改错: • This is the mountain village where I visited last year. • I will never forget the days when I spent in the

专升本英语语法---定语从句

专升本英语语法---定语从句

Attributive clause 定语从句(1)在复合句中,修饰某一名词和代词,或修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句,它相当于形容词。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that, as 和关系副词when, where, why。

关系代词和关系副词既联系从句和先行词,还在从句中充当一个成分。

1.who (人,主格,从句中作主语,非正式文体中代替whom作宾语,但是如果关系代词作介词的宾语,介词提前,就不用who,而用whom)The person to whom you spoke is a famous actor.The person who(whom) you spoke to is a famous actor.2.whom (人,宾格,从句中作宾语,非正式文体中常省略)3.whose (多指人,也可物,指物可以与of which互换,从句中作定语)He mentioned a book whose author (= the author of which) I can’t remember now.Mr. Jones, _________ life was once very hard, is now very successful in his business. (01.12)A. of himB. hisC. whoseD. by whomThis book is designed for learners ________ native language are not English.(05.6)A. whichB. whoC. whoseD. that4.which (指物,从句中作主语或宾语,宾语时常省略) 关系代词whom, which作从句中介词的宾语,介词一般提前,也可放在后面。

但如果从句中的介词为谓语的动词短语,介词不能提前,需紧挨动词。

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结定语从句是指用来修饰名词或代词的从句,它可以对名词或代词进行进一步的说明或描述。

在英语中,定语从句的使用非常普遍,掌握好定语从句的语法规则和使用方法对于准确表达意思非常重要。

本文将对定语从句的语法总结进行介绍,包括定语从句的引导词、定语从句的种类和定语从句的特点等。

一. 定语从句的引导词定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,常见的关系代词有:which, that, who, whom, whose等;常见的关系副词有:where, when, why等。

选择适当的引导词对于定语从句的使用非常重要,下面我们来看一些常见的案例:1.关系代词“which”和“that”:- The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。

)- Do you remember the day when/that we went hiking together?(你还记得我们一起去爬山的那一天吗?)2.关系代词“who”和“whom”:- The student who/whom I spoke to yesterday is very smart.(我昨天和那个学生交谈的人很聪明。

)- She has a friend whose daughter is a doctor.(她有一个朋友,她的女儿是一名医生。

)3.关系代词“whose”:- The man whose car was stolen has reported to the police.(那个被偷车的男人已经向警察报案了。

)4.关系副词“where”:- This is the school where I studied when I was young.(这是我年轻时上学的学校。

)5.关系副词“when”:- Do you remember the time when we went to the beach last summer?(你还记得我们去年夏天去海滩的时候吗?)6.关系副词“why”:- I don't understand the reason why he left without saying goodbye.(我不明白他离开没有告别的原因。

专升本英语定语从句

专升本英语定语从句

英语定语从句是英语语法中的重要部分,它在句子中充当定语的作用,用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。

本文将详细介绍专升本英语定语从句的概念、用法、注意事项以及一些例句供参考。

一、概念英语定语从句是由一个句子充当一个整体作为另一个句子的定语。

它通常由关系词(如who, whom, whose, which, that等)引导,并与被修饰的名词或代词在意义上密切相关。

二、用法1. 定语从句可以用来修饰人或物。

例句:The girl who is sitting next to me is my sister. (修饰人)The book which is on the table is mine. (修饰物)2. 关系词在定语从句中有不同的用法。

a) who/whom:用来修饰人,起主语或宾语的作用。

例句:The man who is talking to my mother is my teacher. (主语)The boy whom I met yesterday is very friendly. (宾语)b) whose:用来修饰人或物,表示所属关系。

例句:The girl whose bag is missing reported to the police. (修饰人)The house whose roof is red belongs to Mr. Smith. (修饰物)c) which:用来修饰物,起主语或宾语的作用。

例句:The car which was parked outside is mine. (主语)I bought a bike which is very expensive. (宾语)d) that:既可以修饰人也可以修饰物,起主语或宾语的作用。

例句:The teacher that teaches us English is very patient. (修饰人)The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. (修饰物)3. 关系词在句中的位置。

定语从句知识点总结

定语从句知识点总结

定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,用于修饰名词或代词,起到进一步限定或说明的作用。

在学习和使用英语语言中,正确运用定语从句能够丰富语言表达,提高语言表达的准确性和流畅度。

本文将对定语从句的知识点进行总结和归纳,帮助读者更好地理解和运用。

一、定语从句的定义定语从句是一种由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,用于修饰名词或代词,并且与被修饰的词有一定的逻辑关系。

定语从句通常用来进一步说明或限定名词的特定信息。

二、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词:关系代词常用来引导定语从句,常见的有that, who, whom, whose, which等。

关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语的作用。

2. 关系副词:关系副词也可以引导定语从句,常见的有when, where, why。

关系副词在定语从句中充当时间、地点或原因的作用。

三、定语从句的特点1. 修饰性:定语从句通常用来修饰名词或代词,进一步说明其特定信息。

2. 位置灵活:定语从句可以出现在被修饰词的前面或后面。

3. 关系代词的选择:关系代词的选择需要根据被修饰词的不同情况来决定。

四、定语从句的引导词的用法归纳1. 关系代词"that"的用法:a. 可以引导人或物的定语从句。

b. 可以在非正式的口语中省略。

2. 关系代词"who"的用法:a. 引导人的定语从句,可以作为主语或宾语。

b. 可以在非正式的口语中缩写为"that"。

3. 关系代词"which"的用法:a. 引导事物的定语从句,可以作为主语或宾语。

4. 关系代词"whom"的用法:a. 用来引导人的定语从句,在正式的写作中常用,可以作为宾语。

5. 关系代词"whose"的用法:a. 用来引导人或物的定语从句,表示所属关系。

6. 关系副词"when"的用法:a. 引导时间的定语从句。

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它能够用来修饰一个名词或代词,并且起到进一步说明或详细描述的作用。

在使用定语从句时,我们需要了解一些基本的语法规则和注意事项。

本文将对定语从句的基本结构、引导词、常见类型及其用法进行总结。

接下来,我们将从以下几个方面来详细讨论。

一、基本结构定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,它们在从句中作为主语、宾语、或修饰名词或代词的定语。

常见的关系代词有:who, whom, whose, which, that;关系副词有:when, where, why, how。

定语从句的基本结构如下:1. 关系代词引导的定语从句:The book that/which you lent me is very interesting.The man who/whom we met yesterday is a famous actor.2. 关系副词引导的定语从句:I still remember the day when I first met her.This is the place where we used to have picnics.二、引导词的选择1. 关系代词的选择:a. 当先行词是人时, 用who/whom/whose。

b. 当先行词是动物或事物时, 用which/whose。

c. 当先行词既指人又指物时, 可用that/which/whose。

2. 关系副词的选择:a. when 引导时间地点,在从句中作状语。

b. where 引导地点,在从句中作状语。

c. why 引导原因或理由,在从句中作状语。

d. how 引导方式、程度或比较,在从句中作状语。

三、定语从句的类型及使用1. 限定性定语从句限定性定语从句用于对先行词起修饰或限制的作用,它提供的信息对于句子来说是必要的,如果去掉定语从句,主句的意思就不完整或不明确。

关系代词可以作为主语、宾语、或修饰名词的定语。

定语从句知识总结(精选8篇)

定语从句知识总结(精选8篇)

定语从句知识总结(精选8篇)定语从句知识总结篇1一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰某一句中的名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

被修饰的词称为先行词。

2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。

2,代替先行词。

3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。

二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。

在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。

(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each yearrises one million.(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4)The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5)Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6)Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1)The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.(2)The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.(4)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5)We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talk-ed about.(6) We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.2.关系代词前的介词的选择* 由先行词的习惯搭配或根据先行词的需要。

定语从句知识点总结专升本

定语从句知识点总结专升本

定语从句知识点总结专升本一、定语从句的概念和作用定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,用来说明或限定名词或代词的含义。

它可以表示一般性的、特指的、泛指的或数量的概念,也可以对名词或代词的性质、特征、来源、所属关系作进一步的说明。

定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,从而使原句中的名词或代词的意义得以进一步具体化和丰富化。

定语从句既可以用来修饰单个名词或代词,也可以用来修饰整个名词短语、代词短语或名词从句。

二、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词关系代词包括:that, which, who, whom, whose关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语或表语,可以指人或物。

关系代词which在定语从句中作宾语或表语,只能指物,不能指人。

关系代词who在定语从句中作主语,只能指人,不能指物。

关系代词whom在定语从句中作宾语,只能指人,不能指物。

关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语,只能指人,也可以指物。

2.关系副词关系副词包括:when, where, why关系副词when在定语从句中表示时间。

关系副词where在定语从句中表示地点。

关系副词why在定语从句中表示原因。

三、定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是对先行词做出限制性说明,使其含义得以具体化和丰富化。

限制性定语从句在句中起修饰作用,如果去掉这个从句,原句的意思就不完整。

限制性定语从句一般不用逗号与先行词隔开。

例句:I saw the girl who I met yesterday.2.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是对先行词做出非限制性说明,使其含义得以补充和说明。

非限制性定语从句在句中起补充说明作用,如果去掉这个从句,原句的意思仍然完整。

非限制性定语从句一般用逗号与先行词隔开。

例句:I saw the girl, who I met yesterday, again today.四、定语从句的位置定语从句可以放在先行词后面,也可以放在先行词前面,但是在口语交际中多是放在先行词之后。

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I’ve never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.
⑥ 当先行词同时指人和物时
4.关系代词前有介词时 (介词提前) .指 人只用whom, 指物只用which
This is the boy with whom he talked.
3、Those ___ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.
A. who B. which C. whom
4. The gentleman ___ you told me
yesterday proved to be a thief.
先 行
These are the students who / that won the first
词 place last year.


These are the trees
先行词是物 which / that were
planted last year.
指出关系代词(副词)在定语从句中的成份:
④ 先行词被the only, the very, the same,
the last修饰时。
Who is the girl that is standing under the tree? Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.
⑤ 主句已有who或which时
The Attributive Clause
Which one is Harry Porter ? The boy is Harry Porter
Which one is Harry Porter ?
定语从句
The boy _w__h_o__is__w_e_a__ri_n_g__g_l_a_s_s_e_s_ is Harry Porter .
I still remember the day ownhwenhich I first met him.
22
where可用in/on/at/to + which代替 1.The dictionary is the only place. 2. Success comes before work
(Attributive clause)
一、概念: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子. ➢ (在句子中作定语)
Harry Porter is a smart boy.
形容词作定语
Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.
句子作定语,修饰boy, 叫做定语从句
A. who
B. whom
C. that
介词提前时只能用 whom
由Whom 引导的定语从句,在句中做宾语
7. A child ___ parents are dead is called an
orphan.
A. which B. his
C. whose
8. This book is for the students ___
America is the country inwwhheirceh I was born
BBC=Beijing born Chinese
Beijing is the city inwwhhericeh I was born.
24
why
• why可用for +which 代替
1.This is the reason. 2.I was late for school forwthicshr.eason This is the reason forwwhhyich I was late for school.
found.
A. which
B. who C. what
that
12、The room in ___ there are many books is
mine. 介词提前时只能用 which
A. that
B. who C. which
13、This is the pen ____ he bought yesterday.
1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. 主( 语 )
2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( 宾语 ) 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.
定( 语 ) 4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday.
A. which
B. what
C. that
先行词是不定代词 all, few, little,
much, something, nothing, anything只能用that引导
16. It’s the most boring film ___ I have ever
much等修饰时。
Everything that we saw in this film was true.
③ everything, something, nothing, all,
anything, little, much等不定代词作先行 词时
This is the very book that belongs to him.
The man who / that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
The woman (whom / that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.
④ whose 作定语从句的定语
(whose既可以指人,也可以指物).
1、Do you know the man ___ is talking with
your father?
A. whose
B. who
C. which
2、The boys ___ the teacher talked to are
from Class One.
A. when
B. which C. who
② whom 作定语从句的宾语
The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.
分解
The woman is a teacher.
They wanted to visit the woman.
作宾语
③ that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语. 可省略
native(本国的) language is not English.
A. that
B. of whom C. whose
9. The boy ___ composition won the first
prize is the youngest in the group.
A. who
B. whose
I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
作定语
分解 I know the girl. The girl’s mother is a teacher.
I have a book whose cover is yellow.
2. which, that 的用法
me?
(三)关系副词与介词+关系代词的替代
When=on(in,during…)which 关系副词 where=on(in,in front of…)which
Why=for which
when
• when可用in/on/at/during +which 代替
1.I still remember the day. 2.I first met him on wthheicdhay.
The dinicttwhioehnidacirhcyt.iiosntahrey.only place in whic
success comes before work. where
23
ABC=American born Chinese 1.America is the country. 2.I was born iwnhtihceh.country.
Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.
先行词 关系词 定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
which, who, whom, where, when,
whose, that
why
二、用法:
关系代词: 引导定语从句的关系代词
who whom whose
that
which
C. that
由Whose 引导的定语从句, 在句中做定语
10、He prefers to eat the rice ___ in the south.
A. who is grown
B. which is grown
C. when is grown
11、 The knife ___ I cut the apple with can’t be
This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.
① 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时
I’ve read all the books that you lend me.
②先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little,
that
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