专八翻译技巧

八级翻译的八大技巧及实例讲解

1.选词

（1）Among prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of Marilyn Monroe and James Deans (2000)

说起那些英年早逝的杰出人物，人们自然会想到玛丽莲·梦露和詹姆斯·迪恩斯……

（2）In his classic novel, The Pioneers, James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, with his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. (2003)

在其经典小说《开拓者》中，詹姆士·菲尼摩尔·库珀让主人公，一个土地开发商，带着他表妹参观他正在建设的一座城市。

（3）Do not dicate to your author: try to become him. (2005)

不要对作者发号施令/指手画脚，要努力站在作者的立场上。

（4）这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的，像些胖娃娃。(2007)

By eating the luxuriant/lush/exuberant water grass, they grow fat and look like chubby babies.

（5）会议室门口贴着一条通告：请与会者关闭手机。(2009)

Usually a notice is put on the front door of a conference room which reminds the participants to switch off their mobile phones.

2.词类转换

（1）The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty. (2001)

游戏规则就是把困难武断地强加于人。

（2） In his classic novel, The Pioneers, James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, with his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. (2003)

在其经典小说《开拓者》中，詹姆士·菲尼摩尔·库珀让主人公，一个土地开发商，带着他表妹参观他正在建设的一座城市。

（3）War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny (2006)

尽我们的力，用上帝赋予我们的全部力量，同一个穷凶极恶的暴政进行战争……

（4）Our world is bursting with knowledge—but desperately in need of wisdom. (2007)

当今世界知识爆炸，而我们仍然十分迫切地需要智慧。

（5）也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。(2007)

Perhaps they are using every minute to chew again before going home.

Perhaps they are using every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home.

（6）尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。（2002）

This is particularly true of the people living in rural areas/the countryside where their way of life/living has remained unchanged for thousands of years.

（7）古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命 (2005)

Throughout history, outstanding people have always been very serious about their lives…

词类转换有一定的规律可循，在汉英翻译中，汉语的动词常常转换成英语的名词、形容词、介词；汉语的形容词和副词有时也转换成英语的名词；在英汉翻译中，词类转换主要是英语的名词、介词、形容词、副词转换成汉语的动词。

3.形合和意合的转换

（1）Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge. (2002)

成功者勇于独立思考，敢于展示才华。经过形合向意合的转换，译文更符合汉语的习惯。

（2）Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hiding. (2004)

接着有那么一小会儿，我感觉屋子又大又空，不知道自我藏在何处。

(3) They can separate facts from opinions and don’t pretend to have all the answers. (2002)

他们能区分客观事实和主观臆断，不假装什么都懂。

（4）人的智力需要开发，人的内心世界是需要开发。（2008）

Human beings need to tap into their inner world, as is the case with their own intelligence.

(5) 这样，他们可以贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥秘。（2000）

In this way they can get closer to advanced science and technology so as to probe their mysteries.

(6) …饿了吃糠甜如蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。（2004）

…when you are hungry, even chaff tastes sweeter than honey; whereas when you are full, honey does not taste sweet at all.

(7)人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。（2004）

Human beings are interesting in that when you meet a person for the first time, you are likely to notice only his or her merits.

（8）现今180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。（1999）At the present, among the 1.8 million Vancouver residents, half of them are not native-born and one out of every four residents is from Asia.（9）…不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。（2005）

…unwilling to spend time unproductively nor to let a single minute of their lives slip by.

（10）孩子需要家庭，家庭似乎也需要孩子。（1999）

Children need the family, but the family seems also to need children.

并句译法

（1）一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？（2005）

How significant is a person’s life? Is there a standard to evaluate it?