壮语专项训练

状语专项训练

状语的定义：英语中，修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分叫状语（adverbial)。

状语的功用：用于说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。

状语的构成：状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式、状语从句，以及相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句

首或句中。

一、副词作状语

副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。

（1）地点（方位）副词和方式副词

I remember having seen him somewhere.

She didn’t explain her theory clearly.

（2）时间副词

I was very busy yesterday.

They recently had an accident.

We have had no news from her yet.

（3）频度副词

You must always bear this in mind.

She is seldom ill.

（4）程度副词

He speaks English very well.

I don’t quite agree with you.

He didn’t work hard enough.

二、不定式作状语

（1）表示目的

To test his idea, they recruited 276 healthy volunteers raging in age from 18 to 55.

If you have a sedentary job, you really need to exercise to maintain your bones.

（2）表示原因

The students were wild with joy to hear of your success.

She burst into tears to hear the news.

（3）表示结果

He went to the small island only to do nothing.

The old man came back from abroad to find that his hometown had greatly changed.

翻译：

1. He ran so fast _______________________________________. （以便赶上第一班车。）

2. when I passed by，_________________________________. （她假装没看见。）

3. He is too excited ____________________________________. (以至于说不出话来。)

三、介词短语作状语

（1）介词短语作状语，用来修饰动词。

We live quite near my office.（地点）

Who knows what will happen in the future? （时间）

The sewing machine is worked by foot.（方式）

We’re waiting for them to arrive for lunch.（目的）

He worked himself to death.（结果）

He is so useful to me that I can’t do without him.（条件）

With all your faults, I still like you.（让步）

He lay on his bed with the sunlight falling on his face.（伴随状语）

I don’t believe in dream.（范畴）

What country do you come from?（来源）

（2）介词短语作状语，用来修饰形容词。

He was not conscious of my presence in the room.

I am not interested in doing business with that firm.

（3）介词短语作状语，修饰副词（比较少用）。

John is now somewhere on the high seas, and we wish him a pleasant holiday.

Do you live here in Middle Town, Mr. John?

（4）介词短语作状语，修饰整个句子。

On the whole, Jack has been a good friend.

4. The game was postponed_____________________________________ . (因为下雨。)

5. He ran ________________________________________________ . (他跑去避雨。)

6. _____________________________ would you trust them? (你对他们信任程度如何？)

四、分词作状语

分词作状语，可以表示时间，原因，理由，条件，让步，连续等，相当于一个状语从句。（1）表示时间、地点

When (it is) completed, the canal will connect the river with the lake.

The graduates say they will go wherever (they are) needed.

（2）表示原因

Fearing that the police would recognize him he never went out in daylight.

Scolded by the teacher, the girl felt unfair.

（3）表示条件

(If they are) Coated with sugar, bananas will taste better.

(If I had been) Given more time, I would have done much better.

（4）表示让步

Even if (I were) invited, I wouldn’t go.

Though (they were) defeated again and again, they went on fighting.

（5）表示伴随

He ran out of the room shouting.

He stared at me, (he was) astonished.

注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。

7. ______________________________ , I can also work out this problem. (再给我一个小时，)

8. ________________________________________, the book looks old. (由于用了很长时间，)

9. __________________________________________, I find it useful. (在阅读本书的过程中，)

五、从句作状语（状语从句）

状语从句指句子用作状语，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。

分类：根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等