高中英语语法 倒装句课件.ppt
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倒装
倒装
定义
英语句子的自然语序是“主语+谓语”。如果将谓语 的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序被称为“倒装”。
分类 分为全部倒装和部分倒装： 谓语全部放在主语之前，为全部倒装； 只把助动词、连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前，为部分 倒装。
倒装原因 一、 语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）； 二、为了强调； 三、保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密衔接。
3.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。 （全部倒装） “What’s up, Tom?” asked Mother. “The car is mine,” said Tom. 注意： 主语是代词时，不倒装。 “The car is mine,” he said.
4.为了句子结构平衡的需要,或为了强调状语(常为介词短语)， 或为了使上下文紧密衔接，有时将状语提前。（全部倒装）
全部倒装
（谓语全部放在主语之前） 此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时
1.there be句型。 其中be动词有时可用exist, live, stand, lie, seem, appear, rቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱmain, happen 等词代替。（全部倒装）
1) There is an experienced teacher and many lovely students in the classroom.
D. did he consider
【解析】选D。考查倒装句。句意:直到三年前他从教育行 业退休,他才考虑出国度假。Not until位于句首时,主句要用 部分倒装。故排除答案A和C。又因为题干中的three years ago提示要用一般过去时,故选D。
1)Not until the 19th century was the written examination probably known.
2)Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his German citizenship.
3)Not a single mistake did he make.
部分倒装
部分倒装把助动词、连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前 1.用于疑问句。（部分倒装） 1）Shall everything be ready before you arrive? 2） What can I do for you? 注意：疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，主谓不颠倒。 1） Who can work it out? 2） How many students have read this book?
1)They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.
2)Nearby were the canoes in which they had come to the island.
5.主语太长，表语太短，为了平衡句子结构的需要,将表语 提前。（全部倒装） 1）Inside the pyramid are the burial rooms for the kings and queens. 2）Gone are the days when we are enslaved. 6.such和be连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序。（全部倒装） 1）Such was not his intention. 2）Such are the facts.
1)Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 2) —It’s raining hard. —So it is.
4. 含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首，如hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, barely, never, not, few, little, neither, nor, not only, hardly…when, in no case, by no means, no sooner…than, many a time, often 等。 （部分倒装）
2.用于省略if的虚拟条件从句中，should / were / had 置于 句首。（部分倒装）
1)Had I not adopted my teacher’s advice, I would have made such a serious mistake.
2) Should I earn money, I should live better.
【高考链接】
1. (2012·辽宁高考)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago______ having a holiday abroad.
A. he had considered
B. had he considered
C. he considered
3. so, as, neither, nor, no more 表示前面的情况也适合于另 一人或物时。(部分倒装) 1） Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 2） If you won’t go, neither will I. 注意：若只是表示对前面所述内容的肯定、确认，主谓不 倒装。
2) There lay a winding brook in front of an old house.
2.方位词in, out, there, here, inside, outside, up, down, away, off, downstairs, upstairs等以及now, then置于句首时，谓语 动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等，并且句子的主语是名词。 为以示强调或为了使情景更生动, 要全部倒装。（全部倒装） 1) Away flew the bird which I bought yesterday. 2) Now comes your turn to sweep the floor. 注意： 主语是人称代词时，仍用自然语序。 Away they went. (=They went away.)
倒装
定义
英语句子的自然语序是“主语+谓语”。如果将谓语 的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序被称为“倒装”。
分类 分为全部倒装和部分倒装： 谓语全部放在主语之前，为全部倒装； 只把助动词、连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前，为部分 倒装。
倒装原因 一、 语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）； 二、为了强调； 三、保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密衔接。
3.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。 （全部倒装） “What’s up, Tom?” asked Mother. “The car is mine,” said Tom. 注意： 主语是代词时，不倒装。 “The car is mine,” he said.
4.为了句子结构平衡的需要,或为了强调状语(常为介词短语)， 或为了使上下文紧密衔接，有时将状语提前。（全部倒装）
全部倒装
（谓语全部放在主语之前） 此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时
1.there be句型。 其中be动词有时可用exist, live, stand, lie, seem, appear, rቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱmain, happen 等词代替。（全部倒装）
1) There is an experienced teacher and many lovely students in the classroom.
D. did he consider
【解析】选D。考查倒装句。句意:直到三年前他从教育行 业退休,他才考虑出国度假。Not until位于句首时,主句要用 部分倒装。故排除答案A和C。又因为题干中的three years ago提示要用一般过去时,故选D。
1)Not until the 19th century was the written examination probably known.
2)Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his German citizenship.
3)Not a single mistake did he make.
部分倒装
部分倒装把助动词、连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前 1.用于疑问句。（部分倒装） 1）Shall everything be ready before you arrive? 2） What can I do for you? 注意：疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，主谓不颠倒。 1） Who can work it out? 2） How many students have read this book?
1)They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.
2)Nearby were the canoes in which they had come to the island.
5.主语太长，表语太短，为了平衡句子结构的需要,将表语 提前。（全部倒装） 1）Inside the pyramid are the burial rooms for the kings and queens. 2）Gone are the days when we are enslaved. 6.such和be连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序。（全部倒装） 1）Such was not his intention. 2）Such are the facts.
1)Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 2) —It’s raining hard. —So it is.
4. 含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首，如hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, barely, never, not, few, little, neither, nor, not only, hardly…when, in no case, by no means, no sooner…than, many a time, often 等。 （部分倒装）
2.用于省略if的虚拟条件从句中，should / were / had 置于 句首。（部分倒装）
1)Had I not adopted my teacher’s advice, I would have made such a serious mistake.
2) Should I earn money, I should live better.
【高考链接】
1. (2012·辽宁高考)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago______ having a holiday abroad.
A. he had considered
B. had he considered
C. he considered
3. so, as, neither, nor, no more 表示前面的情况也适合于另 一人或物时。(部分倒装) 1） Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 2） If you won’t go, neither will I. 注意：若只是表示对前面所述内容的肯定、确认，主谓不 倒装。
2) There lay a winding brook in front of an old house.
2.方位词in, out, there, here, inside, outside, up, down, away, off, downstairs, upstairs等以及now, then置于句首时，谓语 动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等，并且句子的主语是名词。 为以示强调或为了使情景更生动, 要全部倒装。（全部倒装） 1) Away flew the bird which I bought yesterday. 2) Now comes your turn to sweep the floor. 注意： 主语是人称代词时，仍用自然语序。 Away they went. (=They went away.)