基于PLC的四层电梯控制系统设计_毕业设计

新疆机电职业技术学院

电气工程系2012毕业设计

毕业设计题目

英文题目

摘要

电梯是高层建筑不可缺少的运输工具，用于垂直运送乘客和货物，传统的电梯控制系统主要采用继电器—接触器进行控制，其缺点是触点多，故障率高、可靠性差、维修工作量大等，而采用 PLC组成的控制系统可以很好地解决上述问题，使电梯运行更加安全、方便、舒适。目前在电梯行业已得到广泛应用。采用PLC对电梯进行控制，通过合理的选择和设计，提高了电梯的控制水平，并改善了电梯运行的舒适感，使电梯达到了较为理想的控制效果。

本文阐述了可编程控制器PLC在电梯控制中的应用。主要介绍了四层电梯的PLC 控制系统总体设计方案、设计过程、组成，列出了具体的主要硬件电路、电梯的控制梯形图及指令表。并给出了系统组成框图，在分析、处理随机信号逻辑关系的基础上，提出了PLC的编程方法。用MCGS组态软件实现了对PLC控制的四层电梯的模拟，计算机与PLC通过串行通信交换信息，用PLC来控制“虚拟”电梯。通过组态软件中命令语言编写的程序，使虚拟电梯的轿厢和门执行相应的动作，用画面上的指示灯和楼层显示器来显示来自PLC的各种状态信息。

关键词：电梯控制;可编程控制器;组态软件；MCGS

Abstract

The elevator is the high-rise construction essential transport means, uses in vertical shipping the passenger and the cargo, the traditional elevator control system mainly uses the relay. The contact device carries on the control, its shortcoming is the electronic contact are many, failure rate high, reliability bad, service work load big and so on, but uses the PLC composition the control system to be possible to solve the above problem well, causes the elevator movement to be safer, to be convenient, is comfortable. At present obtained the widespread application in the elevator profession. In the layer and the control function few situations; use the PLC control to be advantageous.

The article elaborated programmable controller PLC in the elevator control application. Mainly introduced four elevator PLC control system overall project designs, the design process, the composition, have listed the concrete main hardware electric circuit, the elevator control ladder diagram and the instruction list. And giving the system composition diagram and the program flow diagram, in the analysis, in the processing random signal logic relations foundation, proposed the PLC programming ing the MCGS configuration software realize the PLC control of the four layers of computer simulation, the elevator with PLC through serial communication exchange information with PLC to control, "virtual" the elevator. Through the configuration software command language program, make the virtual elevator of the car door and executes action, use pictures of the indicator and the floor to display monitor from the various states information with PLC.

Key words: elevator; Programmable Logic controller; configuration software;

MCGS

目录

第一章绪论 (1)

1.1电梯的国内外发展情况 (1)

1.2课题研究的意义及内容 (1)

第二章电梯和PLC的简介 (3)

2.1电梯的定义 (3)

2.2电梯的结构及组成 (3)

2.3 PLC的定义及特点 (5)

第三章电梯控制系统的硬件设计 (7)

3.1电梯的控制要求 (7)

3.2四层电梯曳引电机及门电机电路图 (10)

3.3硬件的选型 (11)

3.3.1 SIEMENS S7-200 PLC简介 (11)

3.2.2 CPU的选型 (11)

3.4 PLC外部接线图 (13)

第四章软件设计及程序的仿真 (15)