2014高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题(54)

2014高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题（54）及答案

阅读理解

Are you an optimist? Do you look at your glass and see it as half full? Do you believe that every cloud has a silver lining and that generally things turn out for the best? Do you believe that if something is meant to be, it will be? If you reply “yes” to all of these questions, then you are an optimist. You probably are enthusiastic, cheerful and outgoing. You may well be successful at work and in love.

But you may be misguided because things don’t turn out for the best. You may believe that when one door closes another one opens (for example，you may fail to obtain a new job，another chance will come around soon), Wrong. When one door closes, another door slams in your face. That's bitter reality.

Now a book has been published which confirms what we pessimists (悲观者）have suspected all along. It's called The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism. Its author argues that defensive pessimism can lead to positive results. Defensive pessimism is a strategy used to manage fear, anxiety and worry. Defensive pessimists prepare for things by setting low outcomes for themselves. They carefully consider everything that may go wrong and plan for ways to handle these problems. And this gives them a sense of control. Lawrence Sanno, a psychology professor, says, “What’s interesting about defensive pessimists is that they tend to be very successful people, so their low opinion of the situation’s outcomes is not realistic. They use it to motivate themselves to perform be tter. ”

So far, so good. This is not rocket science. Defensive pessimists prepare carefully and consider what might go wrong, whether at work, on a date or even in a sports game. It makes sense to have a back-up plan. There are many sayings in English urging caution. For example, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket,” and “ Don’t count your chickens until they hatch. “ To have a confident and optimistic approach to life’s problems is good. But listen to what Woody Alien，the American comedian says, ”Confidence is what you have before you understand the problem.”

There are pros and cons to being an optimist and a pessimist. Don’t feel bad if

you see the glass half empty. You are a realist. But lighten up and hook up with someone who sees the same glass half full.

68. What is the passage mainly about?

A. A book that has recently been published.

B. The dangers of being too optimistic.

C. The benefits of defensive pessimism.

D. How to become successful in life.

69. The underlined sentence “This is not rocket science” in paragraph 4 means _________.

A. the cost is not so high

B. there is no real proof

C. it’s not a dangerous thing to do

D. it is quite simple to understand

70. The writer would probably describe himself as_____.

A. an optimist

B. a realist

C. a defeatist

D. a scientist

71. Which of the following English expressions would a defensive pessimist believe?

A. “Every cloud has a silver lining.”

B. “The glass is half full not half empty.”

C. “Whatever will be, will be.”

D. “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.”

参考答案68-71 CDBD

第三部分阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡将该项涂黑。

【福建省福州一中2013模拟】A

I entered high school having read hundreds of books. But I was not a good reader. Merely bookish, I lacked a point of view when I read. Rather, I read in order to get a point of view. I searched books for good expressions and sayings, pieces of information, ideas, themes—anything to enrich my thought and make me feel educated. When one of my teachers suggested to his sleepy tenth-grade English class that a person

could not have a "complicated idea" until he had read at least two thousand books, I heard the words without recognizing either its irony (嘲讽) or its very complicated truth. I merely determined to make a list of all the books I had ever read. Strict with myself, I included only once a title I might have read several times. (How, after all, could one read a book more than once?) And I included only those books over a hundred pages in length. (Could anything shorter be a book?)

There was yet another high school list I made. One day I came across a newspaper article about an English professor at a nearby state college. The article had a list of the "hundred most important books of Western Civilization." "More than anything else in my life," the professor told the reporter with finality , " these books have made me all that I am ." That was the kind of words I couldn’t ignore. I kept the list for the several months it took me to read all of the titles. Most books, of course, I hardly understood. While reading Plato's The Republic, for example, I needed to keep looking at the introduction of the book to remind myself what the text was about. However, with the special patience and superstition (迷信) of a schoolboy, I looked at every word of the text. And by the time I reached the last word, pleased, I persuaded myself that I had read The Republic, and seriously crossed Plato off my list.

56. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The writer thought it was impossible for one to read two thousand books.

B. While at high school, the writer had plans for reading.

C. The writer only read books no more than 100 pages.

D. The writer thought the teacher was not being serious about the suggestion of reading.

57. The underlined phrase "with finality" most probably means ____________.

A. firmly

B. immediately

C. simply

D. pleasantly

58. The writer's purpose in mentioning The Republic is to________.

A. explain why it was included in the list

B. describe why he seriously crossed it off the list

C. show that he read the books blindly though they were hard to understand

D. prove that he understood most of it because he had looked at every word

59. The writer provides two book lists to ________.

A. show how he developed his point of view

B. tell his reading experience at high school

C. introduce the two persons' reading methods

D. explain that he read many books at high school

【参考答案】BACB

In 1986，when Carlo Petrini first coined the term “Slow Food，” he organized locally in his native Italy to preserve the food and wine culture and protest fast food.

Today, slow food has spread to 132 countries with over 85, 000 members, addressing worldwide issues like farmer equity and environmental stewardship—the actions people take to respect the rights of all living things and all environments, to contribute to healthy and livable communities.

Characterized by Slow Food Interna tional as “good, clean, and fair food，” slow food must enrich the eaters' life，have no negative impact on human or environmental health，and compensate fairly for food producers' work.

The average American meal travels about 1,500 miles to its final destination, with producing of food traveling by plane from overseas and other items shipped across the country.

However，cost for food travel and heavy processing are not the only problems in the food industry that the environment faces. Industrial agriculture also has unsustainable practices like inefficient water use and decreased biodiversity. Our ideas in feeding ourselves are exceptional, but at various points our technologies come into conflict with nature's ways of doing things. A great many of the health and environmental problems created by our food system owe to our attempts to oversimplify natures complexities, at both the growing and the eating ends of our food chain.

“Slowing” food, by purchasing locally and sustainably, allows consumers to reduce the impact of “food miles” and develop a closer relationship with their food producers.“ We need to change our food system，” said David Prior, organizer of Slow Food Nation Eat-In. “Our current food system is sick and we need to support farmers and agriculture to ensure that everyone has the right to nutritious food.”

72. The main idea of the passage can be summarized as________.

A. why slow food is so important

B. the food and wine culture is rich in Italy

C. what you're eating always travels a long way

D. slow food makes the current food system sick

73. According to the second paragraph, “environmental stewardship”refers to________.

A. measures of environmental protections

B. ways to establish healthy and livable communities

C. people's admiration for all the creatures on the earth

D. actions to protect the rights of all living things and environment

74. Slow food's characteristic doesn't lie in________.

A. improving the quality of eaters' life

B. providing a fair pay for food workers

C. being friendly to human and environmental health

D. developing a loose relationship with food producers

75. What is David Prior's attitude towards current food system?

A. Suspicious.

B. Unsatisfied.

C. Indifferent.

D. Supportive.

参考答案 72-75 ADDB

A

Dubai, the Gulf desert city state, which is well-known for its huge projects before it was hit by the global financial crisis(危机), on Saturday announced a new development to open the world’s biggest mall and a park larger than London’s Hyde Park.

The ruler of the Gulf desert city state, Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum, announced the plan for a “new city within Dubai”, according to an official statement, naming it after himself.

No cost was stated for “Mohammed bin Rashid City,” to be carried out by his private companies, which developed many of Dubai’s well-known projects, including Burj Khalifa, the world's tallest tower.

The “Mall of the World” will attract 80 million visitors a year to become the “largest in the world,” said the statement, while its park will be “30 percent bigger than Hyde Park of London.”

The mall will be connected to a family entertainment center to be developed in cooperation with Universal Studios International that will be the largest in the area, aiming to attract six million visitors a year.

Dubai already has countless malls and hotels, including the Dubai Mall, the world’s largest shopping and entertainment destination, with 62 million visitors this year. “The malls and hotels available at present in Dubai need to be enlarged in line with the future ambitions for the city,” Sheikh Mohammed said in the statement.

Dubai’s tourism is growing by 13 percent a year, according to the statement, with hotel occu pancy(入住率) hitting 82 percent in 2011 while hotel profits grew 22 percent last year, more than$4.4 billion.

The city state rocked global financial markets in autumn 2009 over its debt crisis, but its economy has returned to growth.

56. The “new city within Dubai” will __________.

A. attract 62 million visitors a year

B. become the world’s tallest tower

C. be named after the ruler of the state

D. be the world’s largest family entertainment center

57. All the followings are menti oned in the official statement EXCEPT __________?

A. the name of the new city

B. the developer of the new city

C. the cost of building the new city

D the number of the visitors the new city expects to attract

58. Which would be the best title of the news?

A. Tourism and Hotel Profits Growing in Dubai

B. Biggest Mall to be Developed In Dubai

C. Global Financial Crisis Hit Dubai

D. Plan to Rebuild Dubai Announced

参考答案 56-58 CCB

W Taipei

The W Hotel is among the city’s big-name luxury(奢华) hotels. Futuristic and fancy, the W Taipei’s setting is reminding you of a Lady Gaga video; perhaps that explains why the singer insisted on staying here on a recent visit. There are eight room types to choose from, with names such as Fabulous and Extreme Wow. They vary wildly in style.

10 Zhongxiao E. Road, Sect. 5, Xin Yi Area Taipei City Hall MRT; +886 2 7703 8888; from NT$8,900 (US$299); https://www.360docs.net/doc/8318265056.html,

Grand Hotel

If sleeping in landmarks is your thing, the Taipei Grand Hotel is a must. The Grand is an expression of classical Chinese art mixed with Western construction principles. The Grand Hotel is attractive and full of history, but rooms are aging, so don’t expect the inside to be as “grand” as the outside. You can enjoy yourself at a driving range of golf, year-round pools and no fewer than eight restaurants.

No. 1, Lane 1, Zhongshan N. Road, Section 4 shuttle from Yuan Shan MRT; +886 2 2886 8888; from NT$4,800 (US$165); https://www.360docs.net/doc/8318265056.html,

Dandy Hotel

From free drinks and snacks in the lobby(大堂) to seasonally themed decorations, this hotel takes care of the small touches. But what places the Dandy Hotel above others in the same price category（范围）are views over Da-An Park; they’re reminders of those of New York’s Central Park. Rooms with views are worth the extra money paid,

but book early -- there are only two on each floor.

No. 33, Xin Yi Road, Sect. 3, Dongmen MRT; +886 2 2707 6899; from NT$2,340 (US$80); https://www.360docs.net/doc/8318265056.html,

Homey Hostel

Taiwanese brother and sister Josh and Kelly make guests feel right at home at this bargain Hostel. According to them, their motive in starting the hostel was to make friends, which is why they can often be found in the public area chatting with guests. There's a small kitchen, public computer, free coffee and tea, and luggage storage.

1/F, No. 7, Lane 180, Tonghua Street,) Liuzhangli MRT; +886 91900 2116; dorms from NT$500 (US$17); https://www.360docs.net/doc/8318265056.html,

59. May is fan of Lady Gaga, and she may probably stay in __________when in Taipei.

A. W Taipei

B. Grand Hotel

C. Dandy Hotel

D. Homey Hostel

60.

Which of the following words can best take the place of the underlin

ed word “touches”?

A. ways

B. details

C. senses

D. contacts

61. If you are a backpack traveller with a low budget, which would be your best choice?

A. W Taipei

B. Grand Hotel

C. Dandy Hotel

D. Homey Hostel

62. Which of the following statements is TRUE according the passage?

A. Rooms in the W Hotel are of the similar style but with different fancy names.

B. The Taipei Grand Hotel is an excellent mixture of classic and modern

construction.

C. It is the park-view rooms in the Dandy Hotel that make it quite unique.

D. The desire of helping strangers drives Josh and Kelly to open the Homey Hostel. 参考答案 59-62 ABDC

【福建省福州一中2013模拟】B

As hand-held devices such as smartphones are becoming more common, users are reporting some new physical problems. Florida chiropractor Dean Fishman began noticing an increased number of patients talking about neck and shoulder pain. He discovered these symptoms were due to the overuse of hand-held devices, particularly the action of bending the neck, and then coined the term “Text Neck.” As if the painful symptoms weren’t bad enough, Fishman warns that an untreated case of Text Neck could lead to permanent spinal(脊椎) damage.

Other doctors have warned about “iPad Hand,”a condition that occurs when people use tablets like the iPad for hours at a time. Most people use their left hand to support the tablet and their right hand to tap or scroll. Doing this for long periods without changing positions can result in severe joint pain.

In order to avoid or reduce the possibility of getting Text Neck or iPad Hand, use the following basic ergonomic(人体工学的) principles:

Avoid awkward positioning. Don’t strain your neck, and stay aware of how you are positioned in relation to the device. Make sure that both your neck and shoulders are relaxed and that you aren’t leaning over for a long period of time.

Take frequent breaks when using any kind of mobile device. Many doctors recommend that users change their position every 15 minutes.

When using a tablet, use a case that can support the device on a table or your lap at a comfortable viewing angle.

Along with a case, use a separate keyboard with your tablet. This will be more comfortable since you’ll be resting both hands on the keyboard. And since you won’t be holding the tablet, you’ll be less likely to experience hand or arm pain.

60. What kind of product for hand-held devices does the writer discuss?

A. One for recording.

B. One for charging.

C. One for telephoning.

D. One for typing.

61. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “coined”(Para1)?

A. cashed

B. created

C. changed

D. completed

62. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. If you are holding an iPad for long periods, it could cause spinal damage.

B. Text Neck symptoms include long-term damage in the back.

C. You are advised to lean over in relation to the device.

D. You should rest your hands on the keyboard at times.

63. In which magazine would you most likely find this article?

A. Personal Finance

B. Science Fiction Monthly

C. Mind and Body

D. Smartphone World

【参考答案】DBBC