中考英语复习学案--状语从句 (无答案)

状语从句

知识目标

学生了解状语从句的分类，状语从句的作用及用法。

能力目标

1. 加深学生对比较状语从句和方式状语从句的理解。

2. 提高学生对状语从句的做题能力。

知识梳理

一．状语从句的定义

状语从句就是在复合句中充当状语成分的从句。状语从句(Adverbial Clause)指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

二．时态特点

一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用"一般现在时"表示"一般将来时"，用"现在完成时"表示"将来完成时"。例如:

1.I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我到北京就将给你打电话。(这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句，从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时，表示一般将来时，绝不可用will arrive)

2.As soon as I have finished this work, I will have gone home. 我一完成此工作，就回家。(从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished，表示将来完成时,绝不可用will have finished)

3.If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回来了，请通知我。(从句中的谓语动词用comes back,表示一般将来时，绝不可用will come back)

三、时间状语从句的分类

1.时间状语从句

时间状语从句可放在主句之前、主句之中或主句之后。

引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有：after ,as ,as soon as ,before, since, once, until, till, every time/each time, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, instantly等。

e.g: since it began in 1951,we have given awards to films from all around the globe.

自它（柏林电影）于1951年举办以来，我们一直给来自全球的影片颁奖。

e.g:When she stops to pike it up,you will be able to run past her and win.

当她停下来去捡它（苹果）时，你就会跑过她而获胜。

2.原因状语从句

原因状语从句一般由because, as,since, now that, for the reason that, in that, seeing(that) 等引导。

e.g: Since I was better aducated, I got a job working in an office.

因为我受过比较好的教育，我得到了一份坐办公室的工作。

e.g:She may need some help as she’s new.

她也许需要一些帮助，因为她是新来的。

3.目的状语从句

引导目的状语从句的引导词主要有：in order that ,so that ,in case ,for fear that等。

e.g: I hurried through my work in order that I cound be in time for his birthday party.

我匆匆地干完我的工作以便能够赶上他的生活。

e.g: Write the telephone number down in case you forget.

把电话号码写下来以免你忘了。

4.结果状语从句

结果状语从句一般置于主句之后，常用来引导结果状语从句的引导词或短语有：that,so that, so…that…,such…that…等。

e.g:there is very little gravity so that things float around.

(宇宙飞船上)几乎没有重力，所以物品到处漂浮。

e.g:They were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn.

他们都太累了以至于一个劲地打哈欠。

5.让步状语从句

引导让步状语从句的连词主要有：though, although, as ,even if ,even though, whether…or…,no matter who/what/how/when…和wh-ever型连词等。

e.g：Althogh/Though I try to talk to my classmates, I still find it hard to make good friends with them.

虽然我试着和班上的同学交谈，但是还是很难跟他们成为好朋友。

e.g:Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although/though they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents.

她的父母亲仔细把这些文件进行整理，尽管他们发现大部分文件上面都是外国地址。

6.条件状语从句

条件状语从句主要由if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case(假使)等引导。

e.g: If he cannot run as fast as me, he will be killed.

如果他跑得不如我快，他会被杀掉。

e.g: I sleep with the window open unless it’s really cold.

我开着窗户睡觉，除非天气确实冷（才关上窗户）

7.比较状语从句

在句子中作比较状语的从句称为比较状语从句，一般位于主句之后。比较状语从句常用as…as…,not as/so…as…,than等连接词引导或‘the+比较级’结构引导。比较状语从句常是省略句。

e.g: You speak English as well as she does.

你英语说得和她一样好。

e.g: His handwriting is not as good as yours(is).

他的书法不如你的好。

8.地点状语从句