初中英语定语从句复习讲义简明版

定语从句

1.定语从句的含义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定

语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。从句放在所修饰词（即先行词）之后，有关系副词或关系代词引导。定语从句在复合句中作定语，对先行词起修饰限定作用。

I like musicians who play different kinds of music.

主句定语从句musician 是先行词who 是关系代词

定语从句的基本结构：先行词＋关系词＋定语从句

2.定语从句的引导词：关系代词：that/which/who/whom/whose（初

中阶段重点研究关系代词）关系副词：where/when/why

关系词在先行词之后起连接作用，同时又代替先行词在定语从句中充当成分。

3.定语从句的关系代词及其用法：

特别提醒：当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词的单复数保持一致。

I love musicians who play different kinds of music.

He is a musician who plays different kinds of music.

4.学习定语从句应注意的问题：

（1）关系代词只能用that而不能用which的情况：

a.先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。

This is the best film that I have ever seen.

He was the first person that knew the good news.

b.当先行词是everything /anything/none等不定代词时。

Is there anything that you want to know?

c.先行词被the only/the every/the same/the last等词修饰时。

This is the same dictionary that I bought yesterday.

d.当先行词既指人又指物时。

I will remember the persons and the things that we met last year in

Wuhan.

e.当先行词被all/any/no/little/much等修饰时用that。

I want to read all the works that were written by Lu Xun.

(2) 关系代词只用which而不用that的情况：

a. 先行词为that时。

What’s that which is in the sky?

b. 当先行词前有介词修饰时。

I love the city in which we live.

小试牛刀：

1.用关系代词that/who/whom/whose/which填空。

1. A person works in a library is a librarian.

2.The doctor I spoke to told me not to worry.

3.The houses were sold last week were expensive.

4.The child mother has left him is crying loudly.

5.The game they played was difficult to understand.

6.The man is talking with my mother is my father.

7.That book is the one I bought yesterday.

8.He’s one of the workers have been saved in that

accident.

9.They talked about the things and persons they

remembered in the factory.

10.All can be done must be done.

2.把下面句子合并成含定语从句的复合句。

11.I like books. The books are interesting.

12.L ily returned the pen to me. I lent the pen to her last Friday.

13.Jenny is the tallest girl in her class. She plays the violin well.

14.W e like the singers. The singers sing the words clearly.

15.I know the boy. The boy is called Jack.

KEYS

1.who/that

2.whom/who/that

3.that/which

4.whose

5.which/that

6.who/that

7.that

8.who/that

9.that 10.that 11. I like the books that/which are interesting. 12. Lily returned the pen that/which I lent to her last Friday. 13. Jenny who/that plays the violin well is the tallest girl in her class. 14. We likes the singers who/that sing the words clearly. 15. I know the boy who/that is called Jack.