Unit 4 关系代名词

Unit 4 关系代名词

关系代名词=连接词+代名词

I have a friend. The friend lives in Paris. 我有位朋友，这个朋友住在巴黎。

I have a friend and he lives in Paris .用and 连接

I have a friend who lives in Paris. Who 不是谁的意思，是关系代名词。

住在巴黎的朋友a friend who lives in Paris. who lives in Paris补充说明a friend. 这是形容词子句。

*语顺为先行词＋关系代名词但也提有下例句子

例如：

1.There was an old man in the apartment who was very rich.

也可以这样说There was an old rich man in the apartment.

2.I met two girls, one of whom is my cousin.

One of them is my cousin,单独出现时对的。

如果前面有I met two girls, one of whom is my cousin. 用whom 是对的。

这句话也可以是：I met two girls and one of them is my cousin.(介词后面用受格，who 是主格，whom 才是受格)

(1) 主格＋动词: the man who talked to me. 该男子和我说话who 主词talked 动词

(2) 所有格＋名词: the man whose car was stolen. 该男子的车被偷了

(3) 受格＋主词＋动词: the man who(m) I met. 我所会见的人

主格的关系代名词

(1). 主格who

先行词为人＋主格关系代名词{Who＋动词}

*关系代名词引导的是形容词子句,就是把名词补充说明的更加清楚

例如

1. The man is my father.

The man wears sunglasses. ( 合并一起the man 重复要去掉用关系代名词来替换)

The man who wears sunglasses is my father. （合并句）

句中：who wears sunglasses 是形容词子句用来修饰名词man.

*Who 这里是子句中的主词，也是关系代名词。不可以省略

例如

2. I don’t like people.

They get out of temper easily.

I don’t like people who get out of temper easily.

(2).主格Which

先行词为事物；动物＋主格关代Which ＋动词

例：

1. I live in the house.

The house stands on the hill.

I live in the house which stands on the hill.

2. English is a language.

It is spoken all over the world.

English is a language which is spoken all over the world.

Japanese is a language which is spoken in Japan.

先行词为（人.事物.动物）＋主格关代名词that＋动词

例1.

帮忙医生照顾病人的人称为护士。Patient 名词是病人，动词是有耐心。

帮医生照顾病人的是形容词字句。Be Patient. 要有耐心。Be a good patient. 当个好病人。People (who / that) help doctors and look after patients are called nurses.

形容词子句修饰名词People

例如2.

我喜欢这大楼幢被吴先生设计出来的大楼。(先行词为事物的时候主格关代用which和that 都对) I like the building which / that was designed by Mr.Wu.

*主格关代其后所接的动词须与先行词一致*

例：

Tom is one of the boys who are fond of sports. Who的先行词是boys, 所以是are

I know a child who is good at surfing.

Adults don’t like children who tell lies. *children 是复数，所以tell 不加s*

*that 的不同用法*

(1)指示代名词(那个的意思)。The weather in Kaohsiung is hotter than that in Taipei.

(2)指示形容词。Look at that dog. *that 不是代名词,而是指示形容词在名词的前面。

(3)关系代名词。The boy that is playing the guitar is Jimmy. (that 又是主词又是连接词)

(4)连接词。I think that honesty is the best policy.(that没有课代替的名词，所以只是连接词)

所有格的关系代名词

所有格whose

先行词为（人;事物;动物）＋所有格关代whose ＋名词

1. I know a girl.

Her father is journalist. (her是所有格)

I know a girl whose father is a journalist.

I know a boy whose mother is a English teacher.

2. Look at the house.

Its roof was damaged.

Look at the house whose roof was damaged. (whose roof 是主词，这个主词里面还包含所有格)

受格的关代名词

(1)受格whom

先行词（人）＋受格关代whom ＋主词＋动词＋介词

1. The man is a teacher.

She married him. (him是受词用受格whom来替换)

The man whom/who she married is a teacher.

2. The woman has just left the office.

You want to see her.

The woman whom/who you want to see has just left the office.

(2)受格which

先行词为(事物，动物)＋受格关代which＋S＋V＋介词

1. magazine.

I borrowed it from Miss. Wang.

Here is a magazine which I borrowed from Miss Wang.

2.Remember the advice.

I gave you the advice.

Remember the advice which I gave you.

Advice 是不可数名词：A piece of advice 一个忠告; Two pieces of a advice 二个忠告