中考英语语法笔记整理大全(最新整理)

中考英语语法笔记整理大全

名词

表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等的名称的词。

知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！

有名词前一般不加冠词。

2、有普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词“the”，但它不大写。

3、有些不可数名词有时表示为具体的东西时，则变为可数名词，而且以四上也

有了变化。eg. beer ----a beer 一杯啤酒，work--- a work 工厂，著作，glass---

a glass 一个玻璃杯，room 空间---a room 一个房间

二、名词的数：表示可以计算数目的人或物称为可数名词。

1、可数名词有单、复数两种形式：可数名词的单数形式要在名词前加“a 或an”；复

数形式是在名词后加“-s 或-es”。名词复数形式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，规则

2.可数名词复数的不规则变化

①改变单数名词中的元音字母

eg. man--men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet, goose—geese, mouse--mice

②单复数同形eg. Chinese-Chinese, deer-deer, fish-fish, sheep-sheep,…

③由man 和woman 构成的合成词, 每个名词都要变复数

eg. a man doctor— men doctors, a woman teacher--women teachers 注意: 有些名词表示一种物体具有不可分割的相同的两部分,在使用时只有复数形式eg. trousers, clothes, glasses, shorts,scissors, etc;有些名词从形式上看是复数,

实际上是单数(其后的谓语动词要用单数). eg. maths, phyiscs, politics, news

3.不可数名词：表示不能计算数目的人或物，称为不可数名词。他们前面不能用a/an,没有复数形式。物质名词和抽象名词都属于不可数名词。不可数名词一般只有单数形式, 但有其特殊用法:

(1)同一个词,变成复数形式, 意义不同。eg. food 食物--- foods 各种食物，

time 时间--- times 时代，green 绿色---greens 青菜

(2)有些不可数名词用复数代指具体的事物

eg. hope ---hopes 希望hardship --- hardships 艰苦

(3)物质名词在表示数量时,常用某个量词+of 来表示

eg. a cup of tea, seven pieces of bread, several bags of rice, …

三、名词的所有格

名词的所有格是表示名词之间的所有关系,有两种表示形式, 一种是在名词后+’s；另一种是用of, 表示“……的”。

1. (1) 一般词的所有格, 直接在词尾+’s。eg. Mr. Mott’s robot, children’s clothes

(2)以s 结尾的名词所有格只在词尾+’eg. teachers’ books

(3)两人共有的物体, 则在第二个名词后+’s;如果分别是两人所有, 则在每个名词后面

+’s。eg. Lucy and Lily’s room. (指两人共住一个房间)

Mrs Green’s and Mrs Brown’s son. (指两人各自的儿子)

(4)表示某具体场所时, 所有格后面的名词可省略

eg. the doctor’s (office)Mr. White’s

2.(1) 没有生命的事物一般用of 短语来表示所属关系。

eg. the wall of the classroom，a picture of the bedroom，

(2) 名词的的定语较长时,有生命的事物也可用of 短语表示。

eg. a long story of a 50-year-old man

(4)双重所有格eg. a friend of his, the big nose of Tom’s

(5)有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词，也可以加’s来构成所

有格。

eg. ten minutes’ walk, today’s newspaper

例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！

1.They got much from those new books.

A.ideas

B. photos

C. news

D. stories

2.I have two and three bottles of here.

A.orange, orange

B. oranges, oranges

C. oranges, orange

D. orange, oranges

3.Every evening M r. King takes a to his home .

A.25 minutes’ walk

B. 25 minute’s walk

C. 25 minute walk

D. 25 minutes walk

4.An old wants to see you.

A.people

B. person

C. the people

D. the person

5.Help yourself to .

A.chickens and apples

B. chickens and apple

C. chicken and apple

D. chicken and apples

6.Oh, dear. I forgot the two .

A.room’s number

B. rooms’number

C. room numbers

D. rooms’ numbers

7.She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second .

A.family

B. house

C. home

D. room

8.mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai .

A.Mary and Peter’s

B. Mary and Peter

C. Mary’s and Peter

D. Mary’s and Peter’s

9.Li Lei has been to many times this month.

A.her uncle

B. her uncle’s

C. her uncles

D. aunt’s

10.He is a success as a leader but he hasn’t in teaching.

A.many experiences

B. much experience

C. an experience

D. a lot experience

11.A classmate of was here ten minutes ago.

A.you

B. your

C. your sister

D. your sister’s

12.A group of are talking with two .

A.Frenchmen, Germans

B. Germans ,Frenchmans

C. Frenchmans , Germen

D. Germen , Frenchmen

13.T he team having a meeting .

A.is

B. are

C. am

D. be

14.“Would you like ?”“, please.”

A.drink, Three coffees

B. a cup of drink, Coffees

C. a drink, A coffee

D. a drink, Three cups of coffees

15.The Great Wall was made not only by , but also the flesh and blood of men.

A.e arth and stone, millions of

B. earths and stones, millions

C. the earth and stone, million of

D. the earths and stones, millions

st night, there was a food accident. The were ill, but no were lost.

A.child, lives

B. children, life

C. children, lives

D. child, life

2.---This is a photo of when they were young.

---OK, how happy they both looked!

A.my father and mother

B. my mother and father's

C. my mother's and father's

D.my father's and my mother