项目管理概要

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Overview of Project Management
项目管理概要
RESOURCES
PERFORMANCE/TECHNOLOGY
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Overview of Project Management
项目管理概要
This figure is a pictorial representation of project management. 该图是一种项目管理的图形解释 The objective of the figure is to show that project management is designed to manage or control company resources on a given activity, within time, within cost, and within performance.这张图的目的是表明 项目管理是在一定的时间、成本、绩效下，针对给定的活动管 理或控制公司资源。 Time, cost, and performance are the constraints on the project. 时间、成本、和绩效是项目的约束因素 If the project is to be accomplished for an outside customer, then, project has a fourth constraint: good customer relations. 如果项目是为外部客户实施的，那么， 项目又有了第四个限制因素：良好的客户关系。
A project is a complex, non-routine, one-time effort limited by time, budget, resources, and performance specification designed to meet customer needs. 项目是一种复杂的，非日常性的、一次性的 努力，并受时间、预算、资源以及能满足客 户要求绩效或规格的限制。
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An integrated project management system
An integrated project management system is one in which all of the parts are interrelated. A change in any one of the parts will influence the whole. 在整合的项目管理系统中，所有的部分都是彼此相关的，任何部 分的变化会影响整体。 Every organization has a customer it is seeking to satisfy. The customer sets the raison d’etre for the organization. 每个组织都有其力图满足的客户，客户决定了组织的生存理由。 Mission, objectives, and organization strategies are set to meet the needs of customers. 使命、目标、和组织战略的制定必须满足客户的需要。 Development of a mission, objectives. And organization strategies depend on the external and internal environmental factors. 使命、目标、和组织战略取决于外部和内部的环境因素。
Compression of the Product Life Cycle 产品生命周期的缩短 Global Competition 全球性竞争 Knowledge Explosion 知识爆炸 Corporate Downsizing for survival 求生存公司压缩 Increased Customer Focus 客户化服务的增强 Rapid Development of Developing countries and Closed Economies 第三世界，发展中国家飞速发展以及封闭经济的解禁 Small Projects Represent Big Problems 小项目代表大问题
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The “professional” PM PMI Membership
美国项目管理协会 会员数从90年到2001年剧增情况。
1990: 7,500 members 2001: 86,000 members 2006: ???
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Project life cycle项目生命周期
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The Importance of Project Management
项目管理的重要性 (The dawning of “the age of Project Management”)
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What is a Project? 什么是项目? 什么是项目?
A Project is any series of tasks and activities that: Have Specific Objectives to be Completed 1 Within Certain Specifications 某种规定内要完成特定的目标 2 Have Defined Start and End Dates 有开始和结束日期 3 Have Funding Limits 有资金的限制 4 Consume Resources
《项目管理》 项目管理》
Project Management
项目管理概要
Session #1ray/Erick W. larson Project Management: The Managerial process Tommy_Tao@copyright reserved
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Integration of Projects with the Strategic Plan
In some organizations, selection and management of projects often fail to support the strategic plan of the organization. Strategic plans are written by one group of managers, projects selected by another group, and projects implemented by another. 在一些组织中，项目的选择和管理常常未能支持组织的战略计划。战略计 划由一群管理人员编撰，而项目有另一组人选择，又由再一组人来实施。 These independent decisions by different groups of managers create a set of conditions leading to conflict, confusion, and frequently, an unsatisfied customer. 不同管理人员群体的这些独立决策产生了一系列的情况，导致了冲突、混 乱、以及常常使客户不满意。 Under these conditions, resources of the organization are wasted in non-value-added activities /projects. 在这些情况下，组织的资源被浪费在没有附加值的活动/项目上。
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The difference between project and operation ?
项目与运作的区别？ 项目与运作的区别？
Operations and projects share many characteristics, they are performed by people, constrained by limited resources, planned, executed and controlled. (common points) 共同点：都是有人来实施的，受有限资源的限制，都需要 计划、实施和控制。 Operations and projects differ primarily in that operation is ongoing and repetitive while projects are temporary and unique. ( different points) 其主要区别是：运作是正在进行中，重复性的工作，而项目是临时 的，唯一性的。 Projects are often implemented as a mean of achieving an organization’s strategic plan. ( corporate strategic goal and plan can be achieved by projects) 项目常常作为实现组织战略计划的工具而实施的。公司目标和计 划是通过项目来实现的。
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What is Project ?
什么是项目？ 什么是项目？
A project is a one time job or activity 项目是一次性的工作或活动。 Has definite starting and ending points 有明确的开始和结束点。 Clearly defined objectives 有清楚界定的 目标。 Scope 有范围 Budget 有预算
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The importance of Project Management & The Age of Project Management 项目管理的重要性与项目管理的时代
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Three Project objectives 三个项目目标
Time 时间 Cost 成本 Performance 绩效
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What is project ? 什么是项目？
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Capability Maturity Model (CMM)
能力成熟度模型 （developed by SEI and PMI at Carnegie
Mellon University)
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Integrated Management of Projects 项目的综合管理
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The Technical and Sociocultural Dimensions of the Project Management Process 项目管理过程技术和社会文化维度(科学与艺 术）
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要消耗资源，包括人力、物力。 要消耗资源，包括人力、物力。
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Master Schedule
The major characteristics of a project 项目的主要特点
An established objective 一个确立的目标 A defined life span with a beginning and an end; 有规定的生命周期，有开始和结束。 Usually, the involvement of several departments and professionals. 通常会有多部 门及众多专业人员参与。（强调跨部门沟通与协作） Typically, doing something that has never been done before. 过去从未做过。（不确定性 大） Specific time, cost, and performance requirements. 有具体的时间，成本以及绩效要 求。