过去分词作定语表语和宾补
【英语知识点】过去分词的五种用法
【英语知识点】过去分词的五种用法过去分词是分词的一种，规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成。
用法有：1、过去分词作表语；2、过去分词作定语；3、过去分词作状语；4、过去分词作宾语补足语；5、with+宾语+过去分词结构。
过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作。
(1)The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作)(2)The library is now closed.图书馆关门了。
(过去分词作表语)过去分词表示被动或完成,-ing形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest,bore,worry,surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing形式来修饰物.(3)The book is interesting and I'm interested in it.这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣。
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成。
1.过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前.We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.2.过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中.The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号。
The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, weled the great hero.他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人.4.用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关.The boy looked up with a pleased expression.男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。
过去分词作表语,定语,宾语补足语及状语
过去分词作表语，定语，宾语补足语及状语一．过去分词作表语1.表语：系动词后面的部分；e.g. He is a good student.That sounds good.2.过去分词作表语(1)用法：一般用来表示感受或状态（系动词+ 过去分词）e.g. No wonder he is excited!(2)可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：delighted, disappointed,upset, astonished, excited, frightened, experienced, interested, qualified, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied3.用所给词的适当形式填空：(1) But he became ________(inspire)when he thought about helping ordinary people.(2) He got__________ (interest)in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.(3) Neither its cause, nor its cure was __________(understand).(4) He got ______________(blame) about losing the money.(5) The painter looked so _____(tire) after working for a whole day.(6) I was ___________ (disappoint)with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.(7) Everybody was _________(shock)to hear of the death of thefamous film star.(8) Everybody is really _______(excite) about the new Olympic stadiums.(9) His wound became _______ (infect)with a new virus.(10) They were ________(prepare) to accept my idea.(11) I’ll be _________(interest) to know how they mad the wonderful fireworks.(12) The mayor said that he was _______ (worry)about the _________(continue) rise of the water level in the river bed.(13) Most of the newspaper seems to be _________ (concern)with pop stars.(14) He was _________ (frighten)of going alone into the empty house.二．过分去分词作定语1 过去分词的形式: done2过去分词的用法：一般表示完成的、被动的动作。
串讲07过去分词作定语宾补表语和状语及必刷题(原卷版)
串讲07 过去分词作定语，宾补，表语和状语及必刷题Part one 过去分词基本概念串讲一、分词的意义过去分词表示被动，它与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。
另外，现在分词和过去分词在具体的句子使用中还能够表示时态的不同。
一般来说，现在分词表示一般时态，或是进行时态；而过去分词表示一般时态，或是完成时态。
二、动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
一. 规则变化1. 一般情况直接加ed，如ask—asked, work—worked2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love—loved, dance—danced3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed，如try—tried, study—studied4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母)，先双写末尾这个辅音字母，再加ed，如clap / shop / trip / chat / beg / drop / fit / hug / plan / pat / regret / control注：A. 以l结尾的动词，尾音节重读时，双写l，如control—controlled；尾音节不重读时，双不双写都可以，如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。
B. 读音与说明:①ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped②ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed③ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted二. 一些常见的不规则变化的动词Part two过去分词作定语、宾补、表语、状语串讲一、过去分词作定语1．过去分词作定语时的位置(1)前置定语一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
过去分词作定语,表语,宾语补足语
过去分词作定语过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。
从语法功能分析，过去分词兼有动词，形容词或副词的特性，可在句中充当定语，表语，宾语补足语或状语。
考点1. 过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语的位置1）单个过去分词：一般情况下。
单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
有时为了表示强调，也可放在所修饰词之后。
A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。
（谚语）Money spent is more than money earned。
花的钱比挣的钱多。
2）过去分词短语：过去分词短语往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后。
This will be the best novel of its kind of ever written. 这部小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。
This is the soldier wounded in the battle. 这就是战斗中受伤的战士。
真题链接After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _______.A. providingB. providedC. have providedD. provide2.过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义1）及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受着，且该动作已经完成。
The question discussed yesterday. 昨天讨论的那个问题。
The person killed last year. 去年被杀的那个人。
2）不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。
Autumn comes, and there are many fallen leaves in the yard. 秋天来了，院子里有许多落叶。
When I got up and went into the yard, I saw the risen sun. 当我起床并走进院子时，我看到太阳已经升起来了。
“过去分词”之作定语、表语、宾补
“过去分词”之作定语、表语、宾补[讲一讲]一、过去分词作定语时，常指已完成的动作且与所修饰词之间为被动关系。
一般来说,如果是单个的过去分词，则放在所修饰词前，若是一个过去分词短语，则放在所修饰词后。
二、过去分词作表语时，往往表示一种状态，而被动语态则表示一个动作。
三、过去分词作宾语补足语时，表示被动或完成，作宾补的过去分词所表示的动作与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
常见的可以接过去分词作宾补的动词有感官动词，使役动词以及leave, keep, want等。
另外，在with的复合结构中，也可以接过去分词。
如：With his homework finished, Peter went out to play football. 功课做完后，彼得出去踢足球了。
过去分词作宾补的特殊用法：have / get sth. done结构的三种意义：1. 使得某事被做（自己做）；2. 让/请别人做某事；3. 遭遇某种情况。
如：Look at your dirty clothes; you’d better get them washed.瞧你那脏衣服，你最好去洗洗。
（自己洗）I will have my long hair cut short tomorrow.我明天要去把我的长头发剪短。
（别人剪）I had my purse stolen on the bus.在公交车上，我的钱包让人给偷了。
（遭遇某种情况）[练一练]I. 翻译下列词组或句子。
1. 一个满意的微笑2. 惊恐的一瞥3. 一副惊讶的表情4. 你应该设法让人听懂你的话。
5. 他在百货大楼让人修好了电视机。
6. 我想让此事立刻得到解决。
II. 下面的补语都应该用过去分词来充当吗？请试试看！1. I’ll have my photo ______ (take) tomorrow.2. I want him ______ (finish) the homework in time.3. With his cell phone ______ (steal), the customer wanted to see the manager.4. The end of the story left me ______ (puzzle).5. I turned around because I heard someone ______ (speak) my hometown dialect. III. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
高考英语过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法精练
过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法过分(表示和被动的动作) 是有形容词.副词的作用,在句中可以用作定语,表语,宾语补足语和状语足语和状语1.定语: 过分做定语,表示分词的动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系,单一的确过去分词做定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前,过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰的名词之后,过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句The broken window (=The window which was broken) will be replaced soon. 破损的窗户很快就会被换掉. The books bought yesterday (=which were bought yesterday) are of high quality. 昨天买的书确实很不错昨天买的书确实很不错【点拨】过去分词和与其相关的名词、代词之间构成一种"动宾关系"，即"被动态"。
过去分词作定语，主要说明"业已完成的动作"或是"一个在以前某个未知时间发生的动作" 。
单个过去分词作定语，分词一般说来写在被修饰的名词、代词之前；分词短语作定语时，分词放在被修饰词之后在被修饰词之后(1)表示情绪的过去分词作定语：表示情绪的过去分词作定语：--She threw me a quick, frightened glance.他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼--His face wore a puzzled expression.他脸上有一种困惑的表情他脸上有一种困惑的表情--He had a pleased look on his face.他脸上现出高兴的神情他脸上现出高兴的神情--We can hear his excited voice.我们可以听到他激动的声音我们可以听到他激动的声音----The inspired soldier soon calmed down. 那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了--The frightened girl sat in the corner quietly. 那位吓得惊慌的姑娘一声不响地坐在角落里。
过去分词的用法
（２）作条件状语时，相当于if, unless 引导的从句，一般放在句首
Given more attention(=If it is given more attention), the accident could have been avoided.
The shop is closed now. (系表结构，表示 主语shop所处的状态） The shop is usually closed at 6:00.(被动语 态，表示动作） He’ll be surprised when he opens the door. “be +不及物动词的过去分词” 不是被动语 态,而是系表结构. My parents are retired. You are completely mistaken.
过去分词作宾语补足语 常见的用法：
１．使役动词 have/get/make/keep/leave/ + 宾语＋ 过去分词结构： He kept the door locked for a long time. Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.
Not knowing his phone number, I wrote him a letter. Working hard (=If you work hard) , you will succeed. Tired by the trip, I soon fell asleep. When visiting a strange city(=When I visit a strange city), I like to have a guidebook with me.
过去分词作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语精讲
用心爱心专心1 过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法过去分词：表示完成和被动的动作，具有形容词.副词的作用主要形式：done,have done, had done可作成分：定语,表语,宾语补足语和状语1.定语:表示分词的动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系,或指一个动作的完成。
1）单一过去分词做定语——被修饰的名词之前（除了不定代词something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody ，those...）E.g. It was the lost cat. =It was the cat which had lost. Nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him. 2）过去分词短语作定语——被修饰的名词之后单个过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句E.g. E.g. People People People addicted addicted addicted to to to drugs drugs drugs are are are dangerous.=People dangerous.=People dangerous.=People who who who are are are addicted addicted addicted to to drugs are dangerous. This is a novel written by Luxun.=This is a novel which is written by Luxun. 【点拨】过去分词和与其相关的名词、代词之间构成一种"动宾关系"，即"被动态"。
过去分词作定语，主要说明"业已完成的动作"或是"一个在以前某个未知时间发生的动作" 。
过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语(19张PPT)
小偷被带进来了，双手被反绑在后面。 The thief was brought in with his hands tied
behind his back.
二、 过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语表明主语的感受或所处的状态。 如： The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。
He is retired. 他已退休。
No wonder he was so excited. 【注意】现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别： 现在分词作表语表示主语的性质和特征，意为“令人…的”, 具有主动含义，意味着“起这种作用”
感人的电影 被感动的观众
正在烧(煮沸)的水 已煮沸的水 反展中国家 发达国家 落叶(正在进行) 落叶(已经完成)
•9、要学生做的事，教职员躬亲共做；要学生学的知识，教职员躬亲共学；要学生守的规则，教职员躬亲共守。2021/8/302021/8/30Monday, August 30, 2021 •10、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2021/8/302021/8/302021/8/308/30/2021 5:20:46 AM •11、只有让学生不把全部时间都用在学习上，而留下许多自由支配的时间，他才能顺利地学习……（这）是教育过程的逻辑。2021/8/302021/8/302021/8/30Aug-2130-Aug-21 •12、要记住，你不仅是教课的教师，也是学生的教育者，生活的导师和道德的引路人。2021/8/302021/8/302021/8/30Monday, August 30, 2021
Stephenson’s invention made all of us surprised.
过去分词用法总结
过去分词用法总结过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
一、过去分词作定语1. 一般情况下，单个分词作前置定语，过去分词短语作后置定语。
如：a used car旧车，a playground built last year去年修建的一个操场。
2. 及物动词的过去分词表示“被动”和完成”。
Many people questioned refused to answer. 被问的许多人都拒绝回答。
Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title given to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. 五人获得了“中国绿色人物奖”，这是一个颁给对环保有贡献的普通人物的奖项。
3. 不及物动词的过去分词作前置定语，只表示“完成”，不表示被动。
如：the risen sun已升起的太阳，fallen leaves落叶。
4. astonish, disappoint, encourage, excite, frighten, interest, move, please, puzzle, satisfy, surprise, tire等表示心理状态的动词的过去分词作定语，表示被修饰的词所具有的特征，意为“感到……的”。
（其现在分词表示所修饰的词本身所处的状态，意为“令人……的”）。
Mr. Smith, tired of the tiring speech, started to read a novel. 史米斯先生厌倦了乏味的演讲,开始读小说。
This is a boring lecture. 这是一个令人厌烦的报告。
The excited children couldn't go to sleep all night long.这些兴奋的孩子整个晚上无法入睡。
过去分词作定语,表语,宾语
过去分词做定语和表语一、过去分词作定语★及物动词的过去分词作定语时，一般表被动的和完成的动作；而不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，只表示完成的动作。
如：Joe always has milk and fried egg for breakfast.The path is covered by fallen leave.★单个的过去分词作定语时一般放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词之后，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
如：You can use fresh or frozen fish.What is the language spoken in that country＝What is the language that is spoken in that country The play put on by the teacher was a big success.＝The play that had been put on by the teachers wasa big success.put on上演注意：☆如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+ thing/body/one所构成的复合代词时，即使是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词之后。
如：There isn't anything left in that desk.☆过去分词短语有时还可以用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号隔开。
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, have never seen a train.＝Some of them, who were born and brought up in rural villages, have never seen a train.【拓展】done, to be done和being done作定语的区别：它们都可作定语，表示被动意义，但时间含义上有所不同。
非谓语动词中过去分词作表语,定语和宾补的用法
过去分词作宾补时，要注意几种情况。
1.使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。
1)过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。
eg. He had his money stolen. 他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了） 2)过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。分词作定语时与定语从句的关系 2.部分不及物动词的过去分词作定语时可改为动词为完成式或动 词为表示状态的定语从句。
a returned soldier － a soldier who has returned
retired workers － workers who have retired a learned man － a man who is of much learning a sunken ship － a ship which has sunk
人们发现会议室被彻底打扫了，一切都布置得井井有条。
巩固练习 单项填空
1.Prices of daily goods _____ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought C. been bought players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played bought B. bought D. buying
三. 过去分词作宾补
2.表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。 eg. 1)I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。 2)He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 3)Don’t leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。 过去分词作宾补表示的意义： 过去分词作宾补时，过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑 上的动宾关系。如例句(4)，动宾关系是pull out his tooth；例句 (6)，动宾关系是settle this matter。
过去分词做定语_表语和宾语补足语
She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree decorated very beautifully.
The lighted candles were burning brightly and she seemed very delighted.
She lit another one and saw her grandmother. She asked her grandmother to take her away.
It was snowing and very cold outside. A little girl was walking in the street, selling matches.
She looked very _w_o__rr_ie_d_ (worry) because there were lots of matches
The next day, people saw the girl frozen to death. What a poor girl !
Do you like the story?
If you were a passer-by, what would you do ?
Now let’s read it again and check whether you remember the red part or not.
beautifully.
The _li_g_h_t_e_d_ (light) candles were burning brightly and she seemed very _d_e_li_g_h_t_e_d (delight).
She lit another one and saw her grandmother. She asked her grandmother to take her away.
过去分词作定语、表语、宾补
having been done
done
This is the telephone designed in the early time.
an amphibious car
I was excited at the new invention.
Stephenson’s “Rocket”
Stephenson’s invention made all of us surprised.
现在 分词
一般时(表示分词的动 作和谓语动词的动作
同时发生)
完成时(表示分词的动 作发生在谓语动词的
动作之前)
过去 过去分词无人称和数 分词 的变化,也没有时态和
语态的变化
doing
being done
having done
doing
having been done
being done
having done
to read a ____ novel. (2003 北京春) A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring
二、 过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语表明主语的感受或所处的状态。 如： The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。
neighbour (know) as “frequently drunk”. The boy
opened the door and made a cup of tea for the drunk.
Later the man became sober. When he realized what had
三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语
高中英语过去分词用法详解
3. Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.
→Because he was well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures., 且与主语 之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作 状语可表时间、原因、 让步、 结果、 方式、 条件等。
观察下列的句子:
Once published, his works (=Once his works was published, ) became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.
3) If _tr_a_p_p_e_d_ in a burning building, you should send for help. 4) Although _s_h_o_t in the leg, he continued firing at the police.
二、过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间
B. Seen
4. 从太空看, 宇航员看不到长城。
__A__ from the space, the astronaut
can not discover the Great Wall.
A. Seeing
B. Seen
Difference between the Present Participle and the Past Participle _U_s_e_d_for a long time, the book looks old. 由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧. _U_s_i_n_g_ the book, I find it useful. 在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用. _L_o_o_k_i_n_g_ at her, he jumped with joy. _L_o_o_k_e_d_at by her, he jumped with joy.
38.过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语
过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语吴国斌1.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语表示完成或被动的动作，也有前置和后置两种情况。
单个过去分词一般作前置定语，过去分词短语通常作后置定语。
We only sell used books in our bookstore.我们的书店只卖用过的书。
The lost time can never be found again.逝去的时间永远也找不回来。
Mrs. White showed her students some old maps borrowed from the library.怀特夫人把从图书馆借来的旧地图给学生们看。
2.过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态，一般位于连系动词的后面。
The shop has remained shut for a week.这家商店关门一周了。
All of us were moved to tears at the sorrowful story.听到那个悲伤的故事，我们都感动地流下泪来。
She looked tired with cooking.她由于忙着做饭，看上去有些疲倦。
〔注意〕有些过去分词作表语用，相当于形容词，最常见的有delighted，disappointed，discouraged，drunk，amused，astonished，hurt，interested，crowded，tired，satisfied，pleased，surprised，worried，excited，married，puzzled，upset 等。
3.过去分词作宾语补足语能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成意义，有时候两者兼而有之。
作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
在下面结构中常用过去分词作补语(1)在感官动词(see，hear，notice，watch等）和表示心理状态的动词(feel，find 等）后。
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Learning about Language
过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语
【探究寻规】
用所给动词的正确形式填空, 并指出其在句中所作的成分。
①The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted (accept) unless they are truly novel. (作宾语补足语 ) ________ interested (interest) in helping deaf ②So Alexander became_________ people communicate and in deaf education. ( 作表语 ) fallen (fall) leaves covered the whole road. ( 作定语 ) ③The _____
3. (2013· 杭州高二检测 )Most companies’ marketing effort is
focused on getting customers, with little attention
keeping them. A. paying C. paid B. to pay D. having paid
被动关系 , 故选 C。现在分词 reminding 表示和宾语之间是逻
辑上的主动关系 ; to remind 为不定式的主动形式 , 表将来 , remind是动词原形, 在句中作谓语, 不能作定语。
4. (2011· 浙 江 高 考 )Even the best writers sometimes find themselves A. lose C. to lose for words. B. lost D. having lost
解题关键: 分清himself与remind之间的关系
思路分析: 选C。句意: 迈克尔在床边挂了一幅姚明的照片以 便提醒自己记得自己的梦想。keep+宾语+宾语补足语(使„„ 处于某种状态), 由remind sb. of. . . (使某人想起某事或提醒某 人某事)可知himself与remind之间是逻辑上的动宾关系也就是
an hour
思路分析: 选D。句意: 在飞机起飞前一小时, 克莱尔让她的行
李接受了检查。“ have sth. done” 结构意为“某事 / 某物被 做”。由于名词luggage与动词check之间为动宾关系, 故用过 去分词checked作宾语补足语, 故选D。
6. (2011· 湖南高考)The players
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. (2013· 吉林高二检测 )Generally speaking, prices of daily
goods A. to buy C. buying through the Internet are lower than store prices. B. are bought D. bought
to
【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意: 大部分公司的营销工 作以赢得顾客为中心, 而很少注意留住他们。本句的后半句是 介词with的复合结构, attention和pay之间是动宾关系, 所以用
过去分词表示被动。
4. (2013· 上海高二检测)They will have you
if you don’t
【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意: 总的来说, 从网上购 买的日常goods是动宾关系, 所以应该用过去分词表被动。
2. (2013· 石家庄高二检测)Children
to difficult situations
are better at handling those
﹡He told me he had his house repaired.
他告诉我他的房子修好了。
【名师点津】(1)过去分词作定语时, 如果过去分词是单个词, 一般放在名词前, 如果是过去分词短语, 要放在名词后。 (2)过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别 : 过去分词作表语表示
主语的状态, 而被动语态则表示动作。
A. exposing; challenging C. exposed; challenging
tasks.
B. exposed; challenged D. exposing; challenged
【解析】选C。考查分词作定语的用法。expose. . . to意思是: 让 „„ 接触 „„ 。 children 与 expose 之间是动宾关系 , 所以用 过去分词作定语, 表被动; 第二空后的tasks是表示物的名词, 所 以用challenging, 意思为“富有挑战的”。
遇某事”。 ﹡He had his leg broken. 他把腿摔断了。
(3)表示“完成某事”的意思, 这些事可以是别人完成的 ,
也可以是自己参与完成的。 ﹡He had his computer repaired. 他的电脑修好了。
2. “with+宾语+过去分词”结构。 在“with+宾语+过去分词”结构中, 过去分词用作宾语补足 语。此时过去分词与句子的主语没有逻辑关系, 在句中通常作
from the whole country
are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. A. selecting C. selected B. to select D. having selected
解题关键: 弄清select在句中的作用是解题的关键
二、难点突破 1. have sth. done结构的三种不同含义。 (1)表示“请/让/叫别人(为自己做某事)”的意思。 ﹡The patient is going to have his temperature taken. 这个病人准备请/叫/让人量他的体温。
(2)表示“遭遇某种(不幸)事情”, 不说明“谁使(宾语)遭
不及物动词的过去分词作定语表示完成
表示主语的心理状态或感受 一般在感官动词、使役动词或介词后作宾语补足语, 表 示动作的被动和完成
﹡The broken window will be replaced soon.
破损的窗户很快就会被换掉。
﹡There are some faded flowers on the table. 桌子上有一些凋谢的花。 ﹡She looked disappointed at the bad news. 听到这个坏消息她看上去很失望。 ﹡I heard my name called when I was walking in the street. 我在街上走时, 听到有人叫我的名字。
全面考虑的话, 他的计划要比你的好。
3. “make+宾语+过去分词”, 在这种结构中, 过去分词的 动词必须是表示结果含义的, 如understand, hear, see, know。 ﹡They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English.
3. (2011· 重庆高考 )Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself A. reminding C. reminded B. to remind D. remind of his own dreams.
2. (2012· 浙江高考)“It’s such a nice place, ”Mother said as she
sat at the table
A. to be reserved
for customers.
B. having reserved
C. reserving
D. reserved
解题关键: 正确理解the table与reserve之间的逻辑关系 思路分析: 选D。句意: 当母亲坐在为顾客预留的桌子旁时 , 她 说“这个地方真好”。此处考查非谓语动词作定语 , table和 reserve之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词。to be reserved表将来, having reserved不能作定语, reserving表主动进行, 均不合题 意。
【语法精点】 一、基础点拨 过去分词(the past participle)是非谓语动词的一种重要形 式。过去分词除了和助动词 be/have/had 等连用之外 , 还具有 形容词和副词的词性, 故可在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语
等。
功 能 说 明 及物动词的过去分词作定语表示被动和完成
作定语 作表语 作宾语 补足语
pay taxes, because it is everyone’s duty to pay taxes.
他们设法用非常简单的英语让别人理解他们。
﹡I raised my voice to make myself heard. 我提高嗓门让别人听见我。
【高考体验】 过去分词解题四步曲 1. 分清用谓语动词还是用非谓语动词; 2. 明确非谓语动词与其逻辑主语或宾语
之间的关系, 确定使用何种非谓语动词;
3. 确定该非谓语动词的时态和语态; 4. 作出正确选择。
思路分析: 选C。句意: 这些从全国挑选出来的选手都被期待 在这次夏季赛事中为我们带来荣誉。The players与select是动 宾关系, 故用过去分词作后置定语, 选C。
易错误区: 选项A selecting, 表示与所修饰词之间为主动关系。 有些同学误选A, 认为select这一动作的发出者是The players。 因此, 在做题时要认真审题分析, 切勿马虎大意, 造成不必要的 失分。
思路分析: 选B。句意: 即便是最优秀的作家有时也会发现他