过去分词作定语和表语1

V-ed V-ing
感到…的 令人…的
an inspiring speech 鼓舞人心的演说 the inspired audience 受鼓舞的听众
a frightening tiger 可怕的老虎 a frightened look/expression 害怕的表情
区别
①过去分词做定语：表完成。
C 过去分词作定语时时，相当于一 个定语从句
e.g. How I regretted the hours wasted in the farm! How I regretted the hours (which were) wasted in the farm! I like wearing clothes made of this kind of cloth. I like wearing clothes (which were) made of this kind of cloth. We’ll go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago. We’ll go to visit the bridge (which was ) built hundreds of years ago.
virus.
A 单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被 动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。 e.g. a lost animal （一只迷路的动物） cooked food fried chips (熟食) (炸土豆条)
注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被 动意义。 e.g. spoken English 英语口语 written exercises 书面练习
V-ing表动作正在进行， V-ed表动作已经完成
the changing world （正在变化的） the changed world （变化了的）
fading flowers （正在凋谢的） faded flowers （已经凋谢的） a developing country （发展中的） a developed country （发达的）
Unit 1 Grammar
The Past Participle (1) as the Attributive and Predicative
Polluted air and water are harmful to our health. attribute定语 She looked very excited. predicative 表语
I'm going to have my hair cut. object complement
宾补
Seen form the hill,the park looks very nice. adverbial状语
Translation 一支点燃的蜡烛 a lighted candle
一枚用过的邮票
正在发生的动作，表主动
wk.baidu.com
3. I have read plenty of plays ________ by Shakespeare. A.written B. wrote C. write D. writing
4. The first textbooks ______ for teaching English came out in the 16th century. A.to be produced B. produced C. being produced D. having produced
简析: 该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置 定语表达被动, 等于定语从句who were invited。
4. The computer centre, ___ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 简析: 该题应选D。测试过去分词短语作 定语放在所修饰的名词后, 可以用非限 制 性定语从句“which was opened last year”代替。
Twenty Years Later Twenty years later, I’ll be a retired teacher Seated by the side of a clear river Watching the risen sun in summer Enjoying the fallen leaves in autumn And appreciating faded flowers in winter Twenty years later, I’ll be a lady contented with life Accompanied by another day dreamer Dreaming there’s no polluted water admiring sunshine on my shoulder ***过去分词充当 (Attributive)定语 1.少数不及物动词的过去分词只有________的意义。 完成 2.及物动词的过去分词含有________________的意义; 被动及完成
可以改写成__________。 定语从句
现在分词和过去分词 做定语，有何区别呢 ？
区别 1 fallen leaves
falling leaves
boiling water boiled water the rising sun the risen sun
正在沸腾的水 已经烧开的水 正在升起的太阳 升起了的太阳
②现在分词作定语：表进行。 ③不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。
The gym built last year belongs to our 完成 school. The gym being built now belongs to our school. 进行 The gym to be built next year belongs to our school. 将来
a used stamp
一枚破损的硬币 a broken coin
一名退休教师 a retired teacher
一个受伤的手指 an injured finger
一个醉鬼 a drunken man
Past Participle as the Attributive Example: So many thousands of terrified people died … Now find more examples in the reading passage.
3. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump … 4. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the
少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词
的过去分词只有完成的意义。
a fallen leave 一片落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳 the advanced countries 发达国家 a retired teacher 一名退休教师 by-gone days 过去的岁月
B 过去分词作定语的位置： 单个过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰 词之前。过去分词短语作定语通常放在 被修饰词之后，作后置定语。
1.The book (which was) accomplished last week (上周 _______________________________ 完成的) tells the struggle of the miners. (accomplish) 2.The boy (who was/has been) defeated at chess (下 ________________________________ 棋输了的) is my brother. (defeat) 3.He was inspired when he thought about helping the soldiers (who were) exposed to radiation (暴露在辐 ___________________________ 射中的). (expose) 4. The plan (which was) put forward 提出) at the _____________________( meeting just now hasn’t been decided. (put) (who has been) blamed for being late 5.The boy _________________________________(因 迟到而受到责备的) is weeping now. (blame) 6.Li Hua,____________________________________ (who has been) cured of the bad habit of ________ (已改掉喝酒的坏习惯), is in good health now. drinking (cure)
考点点拨
1. The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B. C.,
didn’t include women until 1912.
A. first playing
B. to be first played
C. first played D. to be playing
3. Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited C. being invited B. to invite D. had been invited
区别 2
1. disappointing news disappointed people 2. exciting story excited people 3. tired people tiring holiday 1. 令人失望的消息 感到失望的人们 2. 激动人心的故事 （感到）激动的人们 3. 累了的人 累人的假日
1. As is known to us all, traveling is____, but we often feel_____ when we are back from travels. A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring. C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired 2. Hearing the___ news, we all felt____ A. encouraging; encouraging B. encouraged; encouraged C. encouraged; encouraging D. encouraging; encouraged
1. But he became inspired when he
thought about helping ordinary
people exposed to cholera.
2. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.
3. Will you attend the meeting ________ on Saturday? 将要发生的动作 A. held B. being held C. to be held D. hold
4. The woman ____a lesson is our teacher. A. giving B. given C. to give D. give
e.g. How I regretted the hours wasted in the farm! 我多懊悔在农场上浪费的时光啊! I like wearing clothes made of this kind of cloth. 我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。 We’ll go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago. 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。