各种时态及其对应下的被动语态

----I know. It ___ for weeks.
A. hasn’t cleaned
B.didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleaned
D. hasn’t been cleaned
2. The hero’s story ___differently in the newspapers.
果，或从过去某时开始一直持续到现在
8.过去完成时：描述发生在过去的某个动作之前已
经发生的事(即“过去的过去”)
初中英语八种时态结构
• 1.一般现在时：主+谓（特例：三单现）+ 宾
• 2.一般过去时：主+谓（过去式） +
宾
• 3.现在进行时：主+谓(am/is/are+v-ing)+宾
• 4.过去进行时：主+谓(was/were+v-ing)+ 宾
练习：填空并转换成被动句
• 1、一般现在时：Jack • 2、一般过去时：Jack • 3、现在进行时：Jack • 4、过去进行时：Jack • 5、一般将来时：Jack • 6、过去将来时：Jack • 7、现在完成时：Jack • 8、过去完成时：Jack
(write) English. (write) English. (write) English. (write) English. (write) English. (write) English. (write) English. (write) English.
宾
• 3.现在进行时：主+谓(am/is/are+v-ing)+ 宾
• 4.过去进行时：主+谓(was/were+v-ing)+ 宾
• 5.一般将来时：主+谓（will + v.） + 宾
• 6.过去将来时：主+谓（would+ v.） +
宾百度文库
• 7.现在完成时：主+谓(have/has+过去分词)+ 宾
4. More than a dozen students in that school___abroad to study medicine last year.
A. sent B. were sent C.had sent D.had been sent
• →English had been written by Jack.
补充部分
1. 主动结构表被动意义
open, write , read , sell , wash等词作不 及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可以用主 动语态表被动意义。
This kind of shirt sells well.
各种时态下的被动语态
• 5、一般将来时： I will help him. • ―→He will be helped by me. • 6、过去将来时： I would help him. • ―→He would be helped by me. • 7、现在完成时： I have helped him. • ―→He has been helped by me. • 8、过去完成时： I had helped him. • ―→He had been helped by me.
A. was reported
B. was reporting
C. reports
D. reported
3.Why did you leave that position?
----I ___a better position at IBM.
A. offer B. offered C.am offered D.was offered
• 5.一般将来时：主+谓（will + v.） + 宾
• 6.过去将来时：主+谓（would+ v.） + 宾
• 7.现在完成时：主+谓(have/has+过去分词)+ 宾
• 8.过去完成时：主+谓（had+过去分词） + 宾
初中英语八种时态结构
• 1.一般现在时：主+谓（特例：三单现）+ 宾
• 2.一般过去时：主+谓（过去式） +
2. look, sound, taste, smell等系 动词用主动表被动意义。
例： It smells wonderful.
Moon-cakes taste delicious.
3. 在be worth doing中,doing表被动 意义。
例：This book is worth reading.
答案：
• 1、一般现在时：Jack writes English.
• →English is written by Jack.
• 2、一般过去时：Jack wrote English.
• →English was written by Jack.
• 3、现在进行时：Jack is writing English.
• 8.过去完成时：主+谓（had+过去分词） + 宾
• 请大家注意上述各种时态的否定句，一般疑问句 （含肯定/否定回答）和特殊疑问句
初中英语八种时态的否定结构
1.一般现在时：主+don’t/doesn’t谓（原形）+宾
2.一般过去时：主+didn’t谓（原形） +
宾
3.现在进行时：主+谓(am/is/are not + v-ing)+ 宾
被动语态
• 结构（structure）： • 主语+ be + 过去分词 + by sb. • 表示“被……”， • 不同时态下的被动语态，主要看be动词的
变换，下面我们来看各种时态下的被动语 态形式和变化。
各种时态下的被动语态
• 1、一般现在时：am /is /are + 过去分词
• 2、一般过去时：was /were + 过去分词
初中英语八种时态
三个“一般”；两个“进行”；两个“完成”
• 1.一般现在时： • 2.一般过去时： • 3.现在进行时： • 4.过去进行时： • 5.一般将来时： • 6.过去将来时： • 7.现在完成时： • 8.过去完成时：
初中英语八种时态使用背景
1.一般现在时：经常性,习惯性,一般性叙述,介绍 2.一般过去时：描述发生在过去的动作或状态 3.现在进行时：描述(当前或现在)正在发生 4.过去进行时：描述(过去某时)正在发生 5.一般将来时：描述(从现在来看)将要发生 6.过去将来时：描述(从过去某时来看)将要发生 7.现在完成时：过去发生的某事对现在的影响或结
4.过去进行时：主+谓(was/were not + v-ing)+ 宾
5.一般将来时：主+谓（will not + v.） +
宾
6.过去将来时：主+谓（would not + v.） + 宾
7.现在完成时：主+谓(have/has not +过去分词)+宾
8.过去完成时：主+谓（had not+过去分词） + 宾
• 4. want/need/require + doing =want/need/require + to be done
例：My bike needs repairing. • =My bike needs to be repaired. • 我的自行车需要修理。
1. The window is dirty.
• →English is being written by Jack.
• 4、过去进行时：Jack was writing English.
• →English was being written by Jack.
• 5、一般将来时：Jack will write English.
• →English will be written by Jack.
• 6、过去将来时：Jack would write English.
• →English would be written by Jack.
• 7.现在完成时：Jack has written English.
• →English has been written by Jack.
• 8、过去完成时：Jack had written English.
• 3、现在进行时：am/is/are being+ 过去分词
• 4、过去进行时：was /were being+ 过去分词
• 5、一般将来时：will be + 过去分词
• 6、过去将来时：would be +
过去分词
• 7、现在完成时：have /has been+ 过去分词
• 8、过去完成时：had been+
过去分词
所有红体字都代表be动词的时态变化
各种时态下的被动语态
1、一般现在时： I help him. ―→He is helped by me. 2、一般过去时： I helped him. ―→He was helped by me. 3、现在进行时： I am helping him. ―→He is being helped by me. 4、过去进行时： I was helping him. ―→He was being helped by me.