英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析(10)

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析（10）
(1/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese Translation
Translate the following two passages into Chinese.
Part A Compulsory Translation
第1题
There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10 percent.
By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 two months ago.
Such is the volatility of today's markets. We do not know how high food prices might go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon.
Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day—the "bottom billion," the poorest of the world's poor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spend two-thirds of their income on food.
In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag. Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that's all they can afford.
Traveling through West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw a government working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies, helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women's cooperative running a chicken farm set up with UN funds. The project generated income—and food—for villagers in ways that can easily be replicated.
Elsewhere, I saw yet another women's group slowly expanding their local agricultural production, with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their own home-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program.
These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems—precisely the kind of solutions that Africa needs.
下一题
(2/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese Translation
Translate the following two passages into Chinese.
Part A Compulsory Translation
第2题
LONDON—Webster's Dictionary defines plague as "anything that afflicts or troubles; calamity; scourge." Further definitions include "any contagious epidemic disease that is deadly; esp., bubonic plague" and, from the Bible, "any of various calamities sent down as divine punishment." The verb form means "to vex; harass; trouble; torment."
In Albert Camus' novel, The Plague, written soon after the Nazi occupation of France, the first sign of the epidemic is rats dying in numbers: "They came up from basements and cubby-holes, cellars and drains, in long swaying lines; they staggered in the light, collapsed and died, right next to people. At night, in corridors and side-streets, one could clearly hear the tiny squeaks as they expired. In the morning, on the outskirts of town, you would find them stretched out in the gutter with a little floret of blood on their pointed muzzles, some blown up and rotting, other stiff,
with their whiskers still standing up."
The rats are messengers, but—human nature being what it is—their message is not immediately heeded. Life must go on. There are errands to run, money to be made. The novel is set in Oran, an Algerian coastal town of commerce and lassitude, where the heat rises steadily to the point that the sea changes color, deep blue turning to a "sheen of silver or iron, making it painful to look at." Even when people start to die—their lymph nodes swollen, blackish patches spreading on their skin, vomiting bile, gasping for breath—the authorities' response is hesitant. The word "plague" is almost unsayable. In exasperation, the doctor-protagonist tells a hastily convened health commission: "I don't mind the form of words. Let's just say that we should not act as though half the town were not threatened with death, because then it would be."
The sequence of emotions feels familiar. Denial is followed by faint anxiety, which is followed by concern, which is followed by fear, which is followed by panic. The phobia is stoked by the sudden realization that there are uncontrollable dark forces, lurking in the drains and the sewers, just beneath life's placid surface. The disease is a leveler, suddenly everyone is vulnerable, and the moral strength of each individual is tested. The plague is on everyone's minds, when it's not in their bodies. Questions multiply: What is the chain of transmission? How to isolate the victims?
Plague and epidemics are a thing of the past, of course they are. Physical contact has been cut to a minimum in developed societies. Devices and their digital messages direct our lives. It is not necessary to look into someone's eyes let alone touch their skin in order to become, somehow, intimate. Food is hermetically sealed. Blood, secretions, saliva, pus, bodily fluids—these are things with which hospitals deal, not matters of daily concern.
A virus contracted in West Africa, perhaps by a man hunting fruit bats in a tropical forest to feed his family, and cutting the bat open, cannot affect a nurse in Dallas, Texas, who has been wearing protective clothing as she tended a patient who died. Except that it does. "Pestilence is in fact very common," Camus observes, "but we find it hard to believe in a pestilence when it descends upon us."
The scary thing is that the bat that carries the virus is not sick. It is simply capable of transmitting the virus in the right circumstances. In other words, the virus is always lurking even if invisible. It is easily ignored until it is too late.
Pestilence, of course, is a metaphor as well as a physical fact. It is not just blood oozing from gums and eyes, diarrhea and vomiting. A plague had descended on Europe as Camus wrote. The calamity and slaughter were spreading through the North Africa where he had passed his childhood. This virus hopping today from Africa to Europe to the United States has come in a time of beheadings and unease. People put the phenomena together as denial turns to anxiety and panic. They sense the stirring of uncontrollable forces. They want to be wrong but they are not sure they are.
At the end of the novel, the doctor contemplates a relieved throng that has survived: "He knew that this happy crowd was unaware of something that one can read in books, which is that the plague bacillus never dies or vanishes entirely, that it can remain dormant for dozens of years in furniture or clothing, that it waits patiently in bedrooms, cellars, trunks, handkerchiefs and old papers, and that perhaps the day will come when, for the instruction or misfortune of mankind, the plague will rouse its rats and send them to die in some well-contented city."
上一题下一题
(1/2)Section ⅡChinese-English Translation
This section consists of two parts, Part A—"Compulsory Translation" and Part B— "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2".
第3题
中华文明经历了5000多年的历史变迁，但始终一脉相承，积淀着中华民族最深层的精神追求，代表着中华民族独特的精神标识，为中华民族生生不息、发展壮大供了丰厚滋养。

中华文明是在中国大地上产生的文明，也是同其他文明不断交流互鉴而形成的文明。

公元前100多年，中国就开始开辟通往西域的丝绸之路。

汉代张骞于公元前138年和119年两次出使西域，向西域传播了中华文化，也引进了葡萄、苜蓿、石榴、胡麻、芝麻等西域文化成果。

西汉时期，中国的船队就到达了印度和斯里兰卡，用中国的丝绸换取了琉璃、珍珠等物品。

中国唐代是中国历史上对外交流的活跃期。

据史料记载，唐代中国通使交好的国家多达70多个，那时候的首都长安里来自各国的使臣、商人、留学生云集成群。

这个大交流促进了中华文化远播世界，也促进了各国文化和物产传入中国。

15世纪初，中国明代著名航海家郑和七次远洋航海，到了东南亚很多国家，一直抵达非洲东海岸的肯尼亚，留下了中国同沿途各国人民友好交往的佳话。

明末清初，中国人积极学习现代科技知识，欧洲的天文学、医学、数学、几何学、地理学知识纷纷传入中国，开阔中国人的知识视野。

之后，中外文明交流互鉴更是频繁展开，这其中有冲突、矛盾、疑惑、拒绝，但更多是学习、消化、融合、创新。

上一题下一题
(2/2)Section ⅡChinese-English Translation
This section consists of two parts, Part A—"Compulsory Translation" and Part B— "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2".
第4题
中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家，一个经历了深重苦难的国家，一个实行中国特色社会主义制度的国家，一个世界上最大的发展中国家和正在发生深刻变革的国家。

我认为这高度概括了中国的国家特点，中国就是这么一个古老与现代交融，发展与改革并存，背负苦难记忆，矢志民族复兴，坚定走自己发展道路的发展中大国。

理解了什么是“中国”，也就容易理解什么是“中国梦”。

中国梦就是中国的未来发展目标，其基本内涵就是国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福，实现中华民族的伟大复兴。

中国梦是中国在历经千难万苦，走上发展正途后的必然追求和不懈目标。

中国梦不是一个国家要国强必霸，独步天下，不是一个国家要穷兵黩武，复仇雪耻，不是一个国家要垄断能源资源，控制全球市场，不是一个国家要独享经济好处，不顾别人死活。

中国梦的天生属性是和平、发展、合作、共赢。

中国梦首先是和平梦。

和平是人民的永恒期望，它犹如空气和阳光，受益而不觉，失之则难存。

自近代以来被侵略、被奴役的历史记忆，让中国人尤其珍惜今天的生活，希望和平、反对战争。

中国今天的发展成就，更是在和平条件下参与国际分工合作，通过人民辛勤劳动创造出来的。

中国梦是发展梦。

没有发展，不可能实现持久和平。

上一题交卷
交卷
答题卡
答案及解析
(1/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese Translation
Translate the following two passages into Chinese.
Part A Compulsory Translation
第1题
There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10 percent.
By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 two months ago.
Such is the volatility of today's markets. We do not know how high food prices might go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon.
Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day—the "bottom billion," the poorest of the world's poor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spend two-thirds of their income on food.
In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag. Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that's all they can afford.
Traveling through West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw a government working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies, helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women's cooperative running a chicken farm set up with UN funds. The project generated income—and food—for villagers in ways that can easily be replicated.
Elsewhere, I saw yet another women's group slowly expanding their local agricultural production, with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their own home-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program.
These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems—precisely the kind of solutions that Africa needs.
参考答案：上周，世界粮食危机出现了一线转机。

乌克兰预期粮食丰收，因而放宽了粮食出口限制。

一夜之间，全球小麦价格下挫10%。

相比之下，曼谷大米报价为每吨1000美元左右，相比两个月前每吨460美元的价格有了大幅上涨。

这就是当今市场剧烈波动的真实写照。

我们无从知晓价格的涨跌幅度，但是有一点可以肯定，那就是：我们已经告别了富足时代，转而进入了匮乏时代。

专家们一致认为，短期内粮价不太可能恢复到正常水平。

现在全球“最底层的10亿人”每天生活费不足1美元，是世界上最贫苦的人群，我们不妨设身处地想想他们现在的处境如何。

这个群体中大部分人生活在非洲，对于他们当中的许多人而言，食品开支往往要占到收入的2/3。

我听说上周利比里亚的民众不再拿袋子去购买进口大米，更多的人是拿着杯子去买米，因为他们的钱只够买一杯米。

走访西非国家后，我发现我们仍有理由保持乐观。

在布基纳法索，当地政府积极进口抗旱粮种，同时在巴西等国家的帮助下改善对宝贵水资源的管理。

在科特迪瓦，一个女性合作社在联合国基金的扶持下开办了一家养鸡场，为当地村民创收又增产，这种模式也很易于推广。

在其他国家和地区，有的妇女团体在联合国的帮助下逐步扩大当地农业生产规模。

用不了多久，她们就可以生产出足够多的大米来满足当地学校供餐的需要，届时世界粮食署也将终止在当地的粮援工作。

对于基层问题总可以找到因地制宜的解决方案，对非洲而言尤其如此。

详细解答：
下一题
(2/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese Translation
Translate the following two passages into Chinese.
Part A Compulsory Translation
第2题
LONDON—Webster's Dictionary defines plague as "anything that afflicts or troubles; calamity; scourge." Further definitions include "any contagious epidemic disease that is deadly; esp., bubonic plague" and, from the Bible, "any of various calamities sent down as divine punishment." The verb form means "to vex; harass; trouble; torment."
In Albert Camus' novel, The Plague, written soon after the Nazi occupation of France, the first sign of the epidemic is rats dying in numbers: "They came up from basements and cubby-holes, cellars and drains, in long swaying lines; they staggered in the light, collapsed and died, right next to people. At night, in corridors and side-streets, one could clearly hear the tiny squeaks as they expired. In the morning, on the outskirts of town, you would find them stretched out in the gutter with a little floret of blood on their pointed muzzles, some blown up and rotting, other stiff, with their whiskers still standing up."
The rats are messengers, but—human nature being what it is—their message is not immediately heeded. Life must go on. There are errands to run, money to be made. The novel is set in Oran, an Algerian coastal town of commerce and lassitude, where the heat rises steadily to the point that the sea changes color, deep blue turning to a "sheen of silver or iron, making it painful to look at." Even when people start to die—their lymph nodes swollen, blackish patches spreading on their skin, vomiting bile, gasping for breath—the authorities' response is hesitant. The word "plague" is almost unsayable. In exasperation, the doctor-protagonist tells a hastily convened health commission: "I don't mind the form of words. Let's just say that we should not act as though half the town were not threatened with death, because then it would be."
The sequence of emotions feels familiar. Denial is followed by faint anxiety, which is followed by concern, which is followed by fear, which is followed by panic. The phobia is stoked by the sudden realization that there are uncontrollable dark forces, lurking in the drains and the sewers, just beneath life's placid surface. The disease is a leveler, suddenly everyone is vulnerable, and the moral strength of each individual is tested. The plague is on everyone's minds, when it's not in their bodies. Questions multiply: What is the chain of transmission? How to isolate the victims?
Plague and epidemics are a thing of the past, of course they are. Physical contact has been cut to a minimum in developed societies. Devices and their digital messages direct our lives. It is not necessary to look into someone's eyes let alone touch their skin in order to become, somehow, intimate. Food is hermetically sealed. Blood, secretions, saliva, pus, bodily fluids—these are
things with which hospitals deal, not matters of daily concern.
A virus contracted in West Africa, perhaps by a man hunting fruit bats in a tropical forest to feed his family, and cutting the bat open, cannot affect a nurse in Dallas, Texas, who has been wearing protective clothing as she tended a patient who died. Except that it does. "Pestilence is in fact very common," Camus observes, "but we find it hard to believe in a pestilence when it descends upon us."
The scary thing is that the bat that carries the virus is not sick. It is simply capable of transmitting the virus in the right circumstances. In other words, the virus is always lurking even if invisible. It is easily ignored until it is too late.
Pestilence, of course, is a metaphor as well as a physical fact. It is not just blood oozing from gums and eyes, diarrhea and vomiting. A plague had descended on Europe as Camus wrote. The calamity and slaughter were spreading through the North Africa where he had passed his childhood. This virus hopping today from Africa to Europe to the United States has come in a time of beheadings and unease. People put the phenomena together as denial turns to anxiety and panic. They sense the stirring of uncontrollable forces. They want to be wrong but they are not sure they are.
At the end of the novel, the doctor contemplates a relieved throng that has survived: "He knew that this happy crowd was unaware of something that one can read in books, which is that the plague bacillus never dies or vanishes entirely, that it can remain dormant for dozens of years in furniture or clothing, that it waits patiently in bedrooms, cellars, trunks, handkerchiefs and old papers, and that perhaps the day will come when, for the instruction or misfortune of mankind, the plague will rouse its rats and send them to die in some well-contented city."
参考答案：伦敦——“瘟疫”(plague)在《韦氏词典》中的解释是“带来痛苦或者烦恼的事物；灾难；祸患”，更为具体的解释包括“传染性和致命性流行病，尤指鼠疫”以及《圣经》中提到的“作为天谴的各种灾难”。

该词的动词形式意为“使恼火；烦扰；困扰；使痛苦”。

纳粹占领法国不久后，阿尔贝·加缪(Albert Camus)写下了小说《鼠疫》，其中描写的鼠疫征兆就是老鼠的大批死亡：“它们从隐匿的屋角里、地下室、地窖、阴沟等处接连爬出来，排成了歪七扭八的长队，在光亮处踉踉跄跄地爬动，最后栽倒在地，死在人们的面前。

到了夜里，在过道中或巷子里都可以清晰地听到它们垂死挣扎时发出的微弱惨叫声。

到了清晨，市郊的居民发现下水道里到处是四脚朝天的死老鼠，它们的尖嘴上都带有一小块血迹。

有些已肿胀腐烂，有些四肢僵直，须毛都还直竖着。

”
老鼠大批死亡传递了某种信号，可惜人们起初并未在意，这皆因人类本性使然：生活照常继续，人们还要忙着做事，急着赚钱。

小说背景选在了阿尔及利亚一个死气沉沉的沿海商贸城市奥兰：当地的天气逐渐变得炎热起来，大海也从深蓝色变成了刺眼的银白或铁灰色，这时有人开始淋巴结肿大，皮肤上黑色的斑点不断扩散，口吐胆汁，呼吸困难，最终不治身亡，但是当局并未采取果断的应对措施。

“鼠疫”当时几乎是个禁忌语。

当地为此匆忙组建了一个卫生委员会，作为小说主人公的一名医生在开会时不无恼怒地说：“我不在意怎么措辞，但是必须传达的信息是，我们采取措施时不能认为城市一半的人口没有生命危险，因为(如果行动不力)到时真的会有一半的人死于这场疫情。

”
人们对疫情的情绪变化过程我们并不陌生：先是否认，然后是一丝焦虑、接着是担忧、恐惧，最后是恐慌，因为人们突然意识到，就在平静的生活表面之下，在阴沟与下水道中潜伏着无法控制的黑暗力量。

瘟疫面前人人平等，突然之间大家都变得那么脆弱，每个人的道德力都受到了考验。

没有感染瘟疫的人们也都提心吊胆，惶惶不可终日。

越来越多的人开始发问：
瘟疫是怎么传播开来的?该怎么隔离那些感染瘟疫的人?
时至今日，瘟疫已成历史，这毋庸置疑。

在发达国家，肢体接触的概率已经降至最低，各种电子设备及其传递的数字讯息主导着我们的生活，想与人拉近距离时无需眼神交流，更不用肌肤之亲。

食物密封包装，血液、分泌物、唾液、脓汁、体液等都由医院处理，人们平时无需为此操心。

正在西非蔓延的(埃博拉)病毒可能最初是由一名在热带雨林中靠猎捕果蝠养家糊口的男子切杀果蝠时感染的。

得克萨斯州达拉斯市的一位埃博拉病毒感染者最终不治身亡，照料他的一名护士也被传染，这位护士工作时始终穿着防护服，照理说不应受到传染。

加缪写道：“瘟疫对人们来说已是司空见惯，然而一旦落到自己头上，还是觉得难以置信。

”
可怕的是携带病毒的蝙蝠并不会患病，但能在适当的条件下传播病毒。

换句话说，即便肉眼看不见，这种病毒也将永远处于潜伏状态，人类很容易忽略它的存在，而到病毒爆发时，为时已晚。

当然，“瘟疫”既是一种隐喻，也是一种客观事实。

它不仅仅是让人口眼出血、腹泻和呕吐。

加缪创作《瘟疫》这部小说的时候，欧洲正经历一场瘟疫。

在他童年时期曾经生活过的北非，那场肆虐一时的瘟疫曾经夺去很多人的生命。

如今，(恐怖分子的)斩首恶行和紧张气氛困扰着人们，此时埃博拉病毒从非洲蔓延至欧洲和美国，人们的情绪从否认转变为焦虑和恐慌，他们开始琢磨这些现象。

他们感知到不可控力量在蠢蠢欲动，希望这是自己的错觉，但又害怕担心的事情最终变成现实。

在小说结尾，那位医生看着为躲过浩劫而松了口气的人群陷入了沉思：“他知道这些暗自庆幸的人们并没有意识到书上记载的有关瘟疫的常识，那就是：鼠疫杆菌永远不死不灭，它能在家具和衣服中潜伏几十年，能在卧室、地窖、皮箱、手帕和废纸堆中耐心等候时机，也许有朝一日，为了教导或者惩罚人类，瘟神会再度发动它的鼠群，去找个人们安居乐业的城市制造一场鼠疫。

”
详细解答：
上一题下一题
(1/2)Section ⅡChinese-English Translation
This section consists of two parts, Part A—"Compulsory Translation" and Part B— "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2".
第3题
中华文明经历了5000多年的历史变迁，但始终一脉相承，积淀着中华民族最深层的精神追求，代表着中华民族独特的精神标识，为中华民族生生不息、发展壮大供了丰厚滋养。

中华文明是在中国大地上产生的文明，也是同其他文明不断交流互鉴而形成的文明。

公元前100多年，中国就开始开辟通往西域的丝绸之路。

汉代张骞于公元前138年和119年两次出使西域，向西域传播了中华文化，也引进了葡萄、苜蓿、石榴、胡麻、芝麻等西域文化成果。

西汉时期，中国的船队就到达了印度和斯里兰卡，用中国的丝绸换取了琉璃、珍珠等物品。

中国唐代是中国历史上对外交流的活跃期。

据史料记载，唐代中国通使交好的国家多达70多个，那时候的首都长安里来自各国的使臣、商人、留学生云集成群。

这个大交流促进了中华文化远播世界，也促进了各国文化和物产传入中国。

15世纪初，中国明代著名航海家郑和七次远洋航海，到了东南亚很多国家，一直抵达非洲东海岸的肯尼亚，留下了中国同沿途各国人民友好交往的佳话。

明末清初，中国人积极学习现代科技知识，欧洲的天文学、医学、数学、几何学、地理学知识纷纷传入中国，开阔中国人的知识视野。

之后，中
外文明交流互鉴更是频繁展开，这其中有冲突、矛盾、疑惑、拒绝，但更多是学习、消化、融合、创新。

参考答案：Having gone through over 5,000 years of vicissitudes, the Chinese civilization has always kept to its original root. As the unique cultural identity of the Chinese nation, it contains our most profound cultural pursuits and provides us with abundant nourishment for existence and development. The Chinese civilization, though born on the soil of China, has come to its present form through constant exchanges and mutual learning with other civilizations.
In the 2nd century B.C., China began working on the Silk Road leading to the Western Regions. In 138 B.C. and 119 B.C., Envoy Zhang Qian of the Han Dynasty made two trips to those regions, spreading the Chinese culture there and bringing into China grape, alfalfa, pomegranate, flax, sesame and other products. In the Western Han Dynasty, China's merchant fleets sailed as far as India and Sri Lanka where they traded China's silk for colored glaze, pearls and other products. The Tang Dynasty saw dynamic interactions between China and other countries. According to historical documents, the dynasty exchanged envoys with over 70 countries, and Chang'an, the capital of Tang, bustled with envoys, merchants and students from other countries. Exchanges of such a magnitude helped the spread of the Chinese culture to the rest of the world and the introduction into China of the cultures and products from other countries. In the early 15th century, Zheng He, the famous navigator of China's Ming Dynasty, made seven expeditions to the Western Seas, reaching many Southeast Asian countries and even Kenya on the east coast of Africa. These trips left behind many good stories of friendly exchanges between the people of China and countries along the route. In late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, the Chinese people began to learn modern science and technology with great zeal, as the European knowledge of astronomy, medicine, mathematics, geometry and geography were being introduced into China, which helped broaden the horizon of the Chinese people. Thereafter, exchanges and mutual learning between the Chinese civilization and other civilizations became more frequent. There were indeed conflicts, frictions, bewilderment and denial in this process. But the more dominant features of the period were learning, digestion, integration and innovation.
详细解答：
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(2/2)Section ⅡChinese-English Translation
This section consists of two parts, Part A—"Compulsory Translation" and Part B— "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2".
第4题
中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家，一个经历了深重苦难的国家，一个实行中国特色社会主义制度的国家，一个世界上最大的发展中国家和正在发生深刻变革的国家。

我认为这高度概括了中国的国家特点，中国就是这么一个古老与现代交融，发展与改革并存，背负苦难记忆，矢志民族复兴，坚定走自己发展道路的发展中大国。

理解了什么是“中国”，也就容易理解什么是“中国梦”。

中国梦就是中国的未来发展目标，其基本内涵就是国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福，实现中华民族的伟大复兴。

中国梦是中国在历经千难万苦，走上发展正途后的必然追求和不懈目标。

中国梦不是一个国家要国强必霸，独步天下，不是一个国家要穷兵黩武，复仇雪耻，不是一个国家要垄断能源资源，控制全球市场，不是一个国家要独享经济好处，不顾别人死活。

中国梦的天生属性是和平、发展、合作、共赢。

中国梦首先是和平梦。

和平是人民的永恒期望，它犹如空气和阳光，受益而不觉，失之则难存。

自近代以来被侵略、被奴役的历史记忆，让中国人尤其珍惜今天的生活，希望和平、反对战争。

中国今天的发展成就，更是在和平条件下参与国际分工合作，通过人民辛勤劳动创造出来的。

中国梦是发展梦。

没有发展，不可能实现持久和平。

参考答案：China is:
·a country of time-honoured civilization;
·a country having gone through many hardships;
·a socialist country with Chinese characteristics;
·the world's biggest developing country;
·and one undergoing profound changes.
This portrayal of China may be very concise, but it is very precise. China is the largest developing country. It is where heritage meets dynamism. In the past three decades China has been working very hard to deliver reform and development.
With memories of all the hardships behind us but never forgotten, China is committed to its chosen path towards national rejuvenation.
With those factors in mind, it is quite easy to understand the "China Dream".
It is all about where China pictures itself in the future.
It is fundamentally about prosperity and renewal of China as a nation and better lives for every Chinese.
To get where the Chinese people are today, China has gone through more than its share of trials and tribulations.
To be where the Chinese people want to be in the future, China has to be unwavering in the pursuit of its commitment.
It is also important to understand what the China Dream is not:
·It is not a Chinese version of "Manifest Destiny".
·It is not a Chinese edition of "Pax Britannica".
·It is not a military ambition to seek revenge on past injustices.
·It is not a plan to lock in resources, markets or benefit at other's expense.
The "China Dream", being none of those, is born with peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit written into its DNA.
The "China Dream" is a concept with peace as its foundations. It is a conviction, which is much like air and sunshine, fundamentally existential but too often taken for granted.
For the Chinese people, traumatic memories from foreign invasion and occupation make us value our peace and development today all the more. It is why China is such a champion of peace and opponent of war.
Peace enables international cooperation and makes it possible for hard work to pay. That is how China has come this far during the past three decades.
The "China Dream" is one of development, the wanting of which makes lasting peace untenable.。