北京-天坛英文导游词
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北京-天坛英文导游词
(InsidetheSouthGateoftheTempleofHeaven)LadiesandGentlemen:Welcome tothetempleofHeaven.(Afterself-
introduction)preservedculturalheritagesofChina.Therearebasicallytwokinds ofvisitorswhocomehere:localpensionerswhodoexerciseshereinthemorning andeveningandsightseersbothfromhomeandabroad.Allinall,thereare12milli onvisitorsveryyear.Nowwearegoingtogoalongtheroutethatleadstothealter.It willtakeroughlyonehour.Mindyou,theemperoralsowalkedalongthisroutetop aytributetotheGodofHeaven.(AlongtheSouthernSacredRoadleadingtotheCi rcularMoundAltar)ThelargestgroupofarchitecturesevertobededicatedtoHea ven,theTempleofHeavenservedasanexclusivealtarforChinesemonarchsduri ngtheMingandQingdynasties.Itwasdecreedthatrulersofsuccessivedynasties wouldplacealtarsintheirowncapitalstoworshipHeavenandprayforgoodharve st.Butwhy?TheancientChinesebelievedthatHeavenwasthesupremeruleroft heuniverseandthefateofmankind,andthusworshipingritesdedicatedtoHeav encameintobeing.TheHeaventheancientChinesereferredtowasactuallytheU niverse,ornature.Inthosedays,therewerespecificritesofworship.Thiswasesp eciallytrueduringtheMingandQingdynastieswhenelaborateceremonieswere held.TheTempleofHeavenwasbuiltin1420duringthereignofEmperorYongleof theMingDynasty.Situatedinthesouthernpartofthecity,thisgrandsetofstructu
rescoversanareaof273hectares.Tobettersymbolizeheavenandearth,thenort hernpartoftheTempleiscircularwhilethesouthernpartissquare.Thewholeco mpoundisenclosedbytwowalls,asquarewalloutsidearoundone.Theouterare aischaracterizedbysuburbanscenery,whiletheinnerpartisusedforsacrifices.T heinnerenclosureconsistsoftheHallofPrayerforGoodHarvestandtheCircular MoundAltar.(AlongtheImperialPassageleadingfromtheSouthernLatticeStar GateinfrontoftheCircularMoundAltar)TheCircularMoundAltarisenclosedbyt wowalls,eachcontainingfourgroupsofSouthernLatticeStarGate,eachinturnc onsistingofthreedoors,with24marbledoorsaltogether.Standingonthepassag efacingnorth,youwillnoticethatwitheachpairofdoorsonisnarrowerthantheo ther.Thisreflectsthefeudalhierarchy:thewiderdoorwasreservedformonarchs ,whilethenarroweronewasusedbycourtiers.Onthedayoftheceremony,thee mperorwoulddonhisritualcostumeandbeusheredinbytheofficialinchargeofr eligiousaffairs.Heascendedthethreeterracesintheforefronttopaytributeatth ealter.(AtoptheCircularMoundAlter)wearenowonthetopterraceoftheAltar,o rthethirdterrace.Eachterracehasaflightof9steps.Atthecenterofthisterracelie saroundstonesurroundedby9steps.Atthecenterofthisterraceliesaroundston esurroundedby9concentricringsofstone.Thenumberofstonesinthefirstringis 9,inthesecond,18,upto81inthe9thring.Eventhenumberofcarvedbalustrades ontheseterracesisamultipleof9.Butwhy?