商务英语翻译(英译汉)第1单元 关于商务英语
商务英语重点 (翻译版)1
Guidelines for the Final Examination of Business English指导方针的最终考试商务英语2011 Fall Semester2011秋季学期（所有翻译均是按原文使用百度翻译的，基本都能知道大概意思）1. Scope1。
范围The content for the final examination will cover units 1-13 of the textbook, splitting i nto seven parts: True/False questions, blanks’ filling, multiple choices, Chinese/English translations, reading comprehension, and short-essay writing. Students are required to go over the texts/questions of listening task, speaking task (the first dialogue only), and reading task of each unit, as well as the notes or minutes taken from the class. For the writing tasks, students need know to write business letters and memos in formal format and etiquette as well as resume or curriculum vitae (CV). With provided information, students should be ready to write a short business letter or memo, or organize the information for a business presentation.内容为最后的考试将盖单位1 - 13的教材，分为七个部分：真/假问题，空白的填补，多种选择，中文/英文翻译，阅读理解，写作和short-essay。
潘惠霞英译汉unit1
LOGO
Unit 1 Sony’s Hard Time
《商务英语翻译》 （英译汉）
【Translation】
Things have not been going well for Sony lately. Last month senior executives at the Japanese electronics giant issued an unprecedented apology after discovering that 9.6m laptop batteries, supplied to other computermakers, were faulty and would have to be recalled at a cost of $436m. Sony’s Blue-ray high-definition technology, launched this summer, has suffered from delays and component shortages, and is embroiled in a standards war with the rival HD-DVD format. American regulators began investigating the company last month as part of an inquiry into allegations of price-fixing in the memory-chip market. And having long been the world’s most valuable electronics firm by stock market value, Sony’s market capitalizations has fallen to less than half that of Samsung, its Korean rival.
商务英语1-businessenglish_第一单元
商务英语/ 对公众说话/ 01应征面谈Introducing Yourself at an Interview找工作时的面试，正是应征单位决定是否要延揽应征者的依据。
在面试中，除需注意衣装合宜之外，得体出众的谈吐实为关键所在。
怎么样的谈话内容和态度，才能使你脱颖而出呢？英文正文Good morning. It's a pleasure for me to be here in front of you to present myself. My name is Jennifer Wong, and I am a candidate for the position of Overseas Sales Representative.My background and work experience are tailor-made for this position. I studied marketing as an undergrad here in Taiwan, and in 1985, I received my MBA from the University of Texas School of Business. For five years now, I have utilized my skills and knowledge as the Assistant Director of Exports for Magic Kitchen Supplies.Action Appliances is a forward-looking company. I am aware that you are expanding into new markets, particularly in the U.S. Thus you are going to need aggressive, take-charge sales representatives. At Magic Kitchen, during my five years there, we expanded our U.S. market share by 25%. This is just one example of my ability to go out there and sell products.A position with your company would be both a learning experience and a great opportunity. I look forward tobecoming part of the Action team. Thank you.中文翻译↑早安。
新标准商务英语综合教程 1 Unit 1 A matter of choice 译文
新标准商务英语综合教程1 第一单元译文关于选择苏mei 译资本主义的可靠主力--股份制公司--看起来出奇的持久，但是其面临的压力也在与日俱增。
1967年，约翰·肯尼斯·加尔布雷斯在其著作《新工业国家》中指出，美国由少数几家大公司以稳定为名掌控国家经济。
这种等级森严的官僚组织长期生产标准化产品，定期推陈出新，改良产品。
他们为工人提供终身制的就业机会，并与大型工会保持着良好的劳资关系。
那个世界现在已经不复存在。
美国的大型公司要么消失了，要么在全球化竞争中转型了，其中大多数企业已经由大批量转向高价值、由规模化转向定制化生产体系。
而且这些公司已经平抑了其管理层级，如今很少有人愿意一生只在一家公司里步步高升。
形势正在剧变，但是，这到底要将我们带向何方？现代公司又将何去何从呢？这里有三个为公众普遍接受的答案。
第一种观点认为，少数几家大公司正在无声地收购这个世界。
过去几十年中公司兼并的案例比皆是，创下了历史记录。
幸存下的公司比国家政体还要强大许多。
第二种思想学派的的观点却大相径庭。
他们认为大公司已经成为过去。
若要了解未来趋势，就看看电脑销售企业“单轨公司”吧。
单轨公司没有厂房、仓库以及其他任何有形资产。
该公司在亚特兰大一幢写字楼里租了一层办公区。
自由职业者此刻正在办公桌前设计电脑------尽管需求量仍然不高。
第三种观点认为传统公司正在被公司网所取代。
创业团队建立一个网络组织来推销其观点理念。
他们把点子卖给出价最高者，然后构架下一个点子，创建下一个公司，资金由风险投资家提供。
另一种展望公司未来的方法是聚焦影响公司发展的外部环境。
这种环境由一件事决定----选择。
科技和全球化为个人和公司提供了前所未有的机会，使得他们能够在传统体制之外搜集信息并展开经济活动。
规模化大生产时代降低了生产成本却限制了产品选择，而现代化弹性生产体系既降低了成本又增加了选择：消费者能够更自由地选择将钱花在何处，生产商能够更自由地选择供应商，股东也能够更自由地选择投资对象。
商务翻译备考资料
第一单元关于商务英语Security 证券Interest 利息Accept 承兑Distribute 经销商Balance 余额Operator 经营者Royalty 使用费In kind 以货代款Trade in 以旧物折旧换物Draw 开立Consideration 报酬金Bill 汇票Acceptance 承兑Draft 汇票Document 凭证Negotiate 议付Collect 兑付Confirmed 保兑的Honour 兑付Principal 委托人Quotations 报价Offer 发盘Commission 佣金1.Concern lingers that the banks could experience a shortfall in capital in thefuture.银行在将来有可能会遭受资本赤字，这种担心一直挥之不去。
2.Thank you for your promptness in sending us the credit information werequested. We are glad to report that all of your credit references spoke favorably of you as a businessman.感谢您及时给我们寄来我方所要求的信用调查资料。
我们很高兴的告诉您，您所有的信用参考资料均有力的说明您是一名商人。
第二单元关于商务英语的翻译Divulge 泄露（机密等）Credit information 信用调查资料Credit references 信用参考资料Financial standing 财政状况Bolster 支撑Capital injection 资本注入Capital expansion pattern 资本扩张形式Life insurer 寿险公司Financial institutions 金融机构W orld Economic Forum 世界经济论坛Make full allowance for 充分考虑到Pursuant to 依据Serial number 序列号In touch with 联系Stipulate 规定An integral part 组成部分Shipment 装运A named vessel 记名货船Loading on board 装船The bill of lading 提货单The date of issuance 签发日期Deem 视为这一次听写的句子是第三单元的例句：Assuming the laboratory tests go well, and you can quota us a competitive price, we’d certainly be able to place more substantial orders on a regular basis.若实验检测合格，且你们给我们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会定期大量订货。
大学《商务英语》1-4单元翻译
一个人的职业生涯犹如爬楼梯，你需要不断的努力，从一个学徒成长为一个管理人员。
A career is like climbing stairs, you need constant efforts, from an apprentice grow up to be a manager.完成这个过程绝不简单，你必须具备一定的个人才能和专业知识To complete the process never simple, you must have a certain individual ability and professional knowledge .更重要的是你要有良好的合作精神和强烈的责任感The more important thing is you must have good cooperation spirit and strong sense of responsibility当你开始工作时，你应该严格遵守公司的规章制度，心甘情愿、认认真真的做好本职工作。
When you begin to work, you should strictly abide by the rules of the company, and is willing to, serious job.在这个阶段，你可以像那些表现突出的人学习，效仿他们的工作风格；In this stage, you can like the performance outstanding people learn and follow the example of their work style;同时你也要探索和确定适合自己的工作风格。
At the same time, you also want to explore and sure for their own work style.随着工作经验的积累，你应该着重提高自己的沟通和合作能力，并且不管成败与否，要学会为自己的决策负责。
第1-2单元 关于商务英语和商务英语翻译
IV. Business letter translation from E to C. (20 points)
Gentlemen, We are in receipt of your telegram of May 6, from which we understand that you have booked our order for 2000 dozens of shirts. In reply, we have the pleasure of informing you that the confirmed, irrevocable Letter of Credit No. 7634, amounting to $17 000, has been opened this morning through the Commercial Bank, Tokyo. Upon receipt of the same, please arrange shipment of the goods booked by us with the least possible delay. We are informed that S.S. “Wuxi” is scheduled to sail from your city to our port on May 28. We wish that the shipment will be carried by that steamer. Should this trial order prove satisfactory to our customers, we can assure you that repeat orders in increased quantities will be placed. Your close cooperation in this respect will be highly appreciated. In the meantime we look forward to your ship advice. Yours sincerely,
汉译英 Unit 1
《商务英语翻译》 （汉译英）
【Translation】
BOT（建设、经营、转让）投资方式在中国还是一个新的概念。该 投资方式在外国受到重视的时间也不长。因为这个包括建设、经营、 转让三个阶段都由一揽子的解决办法来完成的，自有其特点，主要适 用于资金特别短缺，又急于改革开放的发展中国家或地区的基础设施 项目，如公路、地铁、桥梁、码头、电厂等。同时，它还涉及政府、 项目筹建集团、承建商、银行及融资机构、运营管理公司等，形成几 乎是一条龙作业。并且在整个BOT项目中，需要签订各方面的大小合 同将近10个。 BOT的风险需要由各方面来分担，而不是单独由一方承担。相 对于其他各方来说，政府在整个BOT项目中所承担的风险显然是最小 的。正因为如此，基于资金的严重短缺以及需要兴建的基础设施太多， 政府才愿意采取BOT投资方式，把大型基建交给私人公司去承建和经 营。政府决定把某个基础设施项目采取BOT的投资方式时，必须首先 立法，发出许可证，寻找合作对象，展开谈判，然后签订合同。政府 的风险就在于把许可证发给一个有可靠实力的私人项目公司筹划整个 BOT项目，而不要将许可证“发错人”。
【Tips for Translation】
增词： 指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语 言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、 短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所 包含的意义。通过增词，一是保。
【Version for Reference】
BOT (Build, Operate, Transfer), as a way of investment, is still a new concept in China. It is also not long for BOT to gain importance in foreign countries. That is because this project which embraces the three stages of BOT (build, operate, transfer) is completed by a package arrangement so it has its own characteristic. BOT is mainly applicable to infrastructure projects such as highway, underground railway, bridge, dock and power plant in a developing country or zone which is especially short of capital but is eager to embark on reform and opening to the outside world. It involves at the same time government, group in charge of preparation for project construction, construction contractor, banking and financing institutions, operation management company and other, thus forming nearly integral coordinated operation. Besides, in the whole BOT project, about ten contracts, big and small, need to be concluded with various parties.
商务英语unit1课文译文及练习答案
课文A世界经济发展世界经济比以往任何时候都更富裕，但是国家内部与国家之间财富显然分布不均衡。
世界上最富裕国家如卢森堡的年人均收入比世界最贫穷国家如塞纳里昂年人均收入高出一百多倍。
国与国之间经济发展不平衡倾向表现各异。
20世纪50、60年代，发展中国家经济获得了飞速而持续的发展。
然而，自80年代以来，除了少数几个主要亚洲国家经济成功地获得快速发展、更多全球开放市场外，其他发展中国家面临了经济不稳，社会福利收效甚微的问题。
全球化并没有缩小贫富国家收入差异。
富裕国家比贫困国家往往能更优先进入资本市场，吸引更多外国资本直接投资，更有弹性地应对全球商品市场。
现在，埃塞俄比亚居民平均收入不及出生于欧洲或美国居民的1/35，而在50年代，埃塞俄比亚人均收入是发达国家人均收入的1/16。
同样，美国目前人均收入比尼伯尔人均收入从50年代的19倍上升到了27倍。
世界上大多数最贫困国家或多或少在某种程度上相对滞后。
尤其是70年代中期以来，发展中国家经济增长进入停滞与不稳定的交替期，只有少数几个发展中国家在最近几十年能持续增长，这些国家中尤以两个世界人口大国中国和印度著名。
中国可以看作是成功进行体制改革的例子。
20世纪70年代后期改革开放以来，中国经济一直保持了高速发展。
除一些社会、经济不稳定因素之外，最近20年，中国经济改革所取得的成就解决了几千万人的温饱问题。
因为没有现存的改革经验可借鉴，中国经济改革的过程被看作是“摸着石头过河”。
实际上，经济发展是改革的落脚点和最终目标。
中国经济体制改革是以全面提高经济效益为目的，依靠发挥个人积极性，培育各种类型的市场竞争。
通常，中国向市场经济的转型过程是个缓慢的经济改革过程，表现在三个不同时期。
第一个时期从1978年至1993年，改革主要是改善激励机制和扩大市场对资源的配置范围。
这一时期以成功进行农业体制改革和双重价格体系改革为特点；第二个时期开始于1994年，这一时期中国政府决定把最终建立现代市场经济体制作为改革目标；最新时期，重点是处理好由于经济增长所带来的地区差异和贫富悬殊。
国际商务英语汉译英翻译
1、国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而此国内贸易要复杂得多。
International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. It involves more factors and thus is more complicated than, domestic business.2、有形贸易是指将在一国生产或制造的商品，出口或进口到另一国消费或转售。
Visible trade refers to exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in an-other.3、外国直接投资，简称FDI。
投资者通过控制其投资在他国的企业和资产获得回报。
Foreign direct investments of FDI for short is made for returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in a host country.4、国民生产总值指一个经济体凭借其居民拥有的资产和劳动力所生产的货物和服务的市场价值。
GNP refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy.5、日本和中国是重要贸易伙伴，两国经济互补，又是一衣带水的近邻。
中日贸易关系对两国都有重要的意义。
With mutually complementary economy, Japan and China are major trade partners, and the two countries are close neighbours separated only by a strip of water. Sino-Japanese relations are therefore of great importance to both countries.6、加拿大和美国有很长的共同边境，而且大部分加拿大居民居住在边境地区。
商务英语课本unit1译文及答案
课文A世界经济发展世界经济比以往任何时候都更富裕，但是国家内部与国家之间财富显然分布不均衡。
世界上最富裕国家如卢森堡的年人均收入比世界最贫穷国家如塞纳里昂年人均收入高出一百多倍。
国与国之间经济发展不平衡倾向表现各异。
20世纪50、60年代，发展中国家经济获得了飞速而持续的发展。
然而，自80年代以来，除了少数几个主要亚洲国家经济成功地获得快速发展、更多全球开放市场外，其他发展中国家面临了经济不稳，社会福利收效甚微的问题。
全球化并没有缩小贫富国家收入差异。
富裕国家比贫困国家往往能更优先进入资本市场，吸引更多外国资本直接投资，更有弹性地应对全球商品市场。
现在，埃塞俄比亚居民平均收入不及出生于欧洲或美国居民的1/35，而在50年代，埃塞俄比亚人均收入是发达国家人均收入的1/16。
同样，美国目前人均收入比尼伯尔人均收入从50年代的19倍上升到了27倍。
世界上大多数最贫困国家或多或少在某种程度上相对滞后。
尤其是70年代中期以来，发展中国家经济增长进入停滞与不稳定的交替期，只有少数几个发展中国家在最近几十年能持续增长，这些国家中尤以两个世界人口大国中国和印度著名。
中国可以看作是成功进行体制改革的例子。
20世纪70年代后期改革开放以来，中国经济一直保持了高速发展。
除一些社会、经济不稳定因素之外，最近20年，中国经济改革所取得的成就解决了几千万人的温饱问题。
因为没有现存的改革经验可借鉴，中国经济改革的过程被看作是“摸着石头过河”。
实际上，经济发展是改革的落脚点和最终目标。
中国经济体制改革是以全面提高经济效益为目的，依靠发挥个人积极性，培育各种类型的市场竞争。
通常，中国向市场经济的转型过程是个缓慢的经济改革过程，表现在三个不同时期。
第一个时期从1978年至1993年，改革主要是改善激励机制和扩大市场对资源的配置范围。
这一时期以成功进行农业体制改革和双重价格体系改革为特点；第二个时期开始于1994年，这一时期中国政府决定把最终建立现代市场经济体制作为改革目标；最新时期，重点是处理好由于经济增长所带来的地区差异和贫富悬殊。
商务笔译2月19日---汉译英 Unit 1
【Version for Reference】
BOT (Build, Operate, Transfer), as a way of investment, is still a new concept in China. It is also not long for BOT to gain importance in foreign countries. That is because this project which embraces the three stages of BOT (build, operate, transfer) is completed by a package arrangement so it has its own characteristic. BOT is mainly applicable to infrastructure projects such as highway, underground railway, bridge, dock and power plant in a developing country or zone which is especially short of capital but is eager to embark on reform and opening to the outside world. It involves at the same time government, group in charge of preparation for project construction, construction contractor, banking and financing institutions, operation management company and other, thus forming nearly integral coordinated operation. Besides, in the whole BOT project, about ten contracts, big and small, need to be concluded with various parties.
商务英语翻译_第一章_企业宣传资料的翻译
介绍公司的排名、销售业绩、客户员工数量 证明实力 建立客户信心
Short Passage 2 Founded in 1966 by Mr. Pierre Bellon, Sodexho made an initial public offering of shares on the Paris Bourse in 1983 and on new York Stock Exchange in 2000 and set up its global headquarter in Paris, France. 索迪斯集团由皮埃尔·白龙先生创建于1966 年，1983年在巴黎证券所上市，2000年于 纽约上市，总部在法国巴黎。
Summary of Passage 7
Hints: introduction of Unilever Contents（5）: Sponsored hope schools Helping poor students Set up scholarship Launched “Zhonghua” teeth protection campaign launched a tree-planting campaign
Summary of Sample 8
Hints: introduction of P&G/DU PONT Contents（1）: Slogan 企业宣传资料第六部分的主要内容及作用？ 企业标语和口号（特点：简洁、朗朗上口 、亲切励志） 对企业形象和产品形象的补充，留下深刻 印象
商务英语Unit1
Unit 1 LifestylesReading Skill FocusLet’s TryPractice 1: 1.d 2.e 3.a 4.f 5.c 6.bPractice 2: APractice 3:1. New ways of organizing the workplace —re-engineering and downsizing —are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.该句的主干是：New ways of organizing the workplace... are only one contribution to... which is... 是定语从句，修饰前面的the overall productivity of an economy。
译文：安排办公场所的新方法——业务流程再设计和小型化——仅仅是对一种经济实体的全面生产力的一个贡献，这一实体的生产力又由很多其他因素所推动，如：设备和机器的联合投资，新技术以及用于员工教育和培训的投资。
2.His colleague, Michael Beer, says that too many companies have applied reengineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.该句的主干是：His colleague, Michael Beer, says that..., says 后面引导一个宾语从句，too many companies 是这个宾语从句中的主语，谓语是have applied, chopping out…是现在分词短语做伴随状语。
商务英语 汉译英范文
商务英语汉译英（一）根据英语的表达习惯确定词义1、向.......提出索赔lodge a claim against2、既得利益vested interests3、公司上下将齐心协力，努力使公司发展成具有国际竞争力的高科技企业集团。
The management together with the rank and file of our company is determined to make consorted efforts to foster the business to grow into a high-tech focused conglomerate with a competitive edge on the international market.4、本公司本着平等互利、互通有无的原则，积极开展与世界各地老客户的业务往来，并竭诚为各位朋友提供优质服务。
We hold to the tenet of equality ,mutual benefit and mutual complement in developing business connections with old and new customers in the world and shall make every effort to give the best services to our customers.5、本公司还承办商品及原材料的来样、来样加工，补偿贸易，合作生产，合资经营等业务。
The business scope of our corporation also covers/includes customer-oriented processing with supplied materials and samples, compensation trade, co-operation in manufacturing and the partnering of joint ventures with external businesses.6、同时，我国政府已同瑞典、罗马尼亚、德国、丹麦、荷兰签订了相互促进和保护投资协定，同加拿大、美国、法国、比利时-卢森堡经济联盟、芬兰、挪威、泰国、意大利、奥地利签订了投资保护协定，还同日本、美国、法国、德国、英国、比利时等国签订了双重征税协定。
商务英语综合教程1课后翻译
Unit one2. (1)Fiat launched a tiny “city car” especially for Europe’s narrow, crowed streets.(2) The rain forest theme products tap into consumer’s interest in the environment.(3) The company might target its efforts on preferred locations like India or Thailand(4) A strong president would further erode the power of the Congress.(5) Most of the measures will be phased out next year.(6) Government securities have traditionally yielded less than stocks.3.(1) on December 8th,2009, president Barack Obama launched a set of proposals to address unemployment and made it clear that he wanted to tap into some of the unspent funds( money set aside to support filing banks) to help pay for them. No precise figure was given. Some 50$ billion will be spent on infrastructure projects. But the effort represents a broad push to support small business.(2) America’s recent recession has hit small business hard. The very small, with fewer than 50 workers---employing almost one-third of working Americans ---have suffered around 45% of the job losses of the downturn.(3) Unfortunately, helping small business has not proved easy. The stimulus package passed last spring offered tax benefits and targeted the flow of credit to small business. The results were disappointing. The main problem with small business is lending. Obama’s recent plan is likely to scratch the surface if he does not tackle credit crunch.Unit two2. (1) Death does not discriminate. It eventually comes to everyone, making no exception for those more or less fortune, or those with good or bad fame.(2) T he 2008 presidential election of American is under the world’s spotlight because of the participation of female and African American candidates for the first time. Though the final outcome is still hard to anticipate, the election itself is changing not only the way American perceive themselves, but also how the rest of the world perceives America.(3) No matter what background or experience he may have, nobody should recoil from pursuing his own dream. Because we are convinced that freedom, equity and the pursuit of happiness are our rights.(4) More and more Chinese brands aspire to go global. This clearly conveys a message: the quality, design and management expertise of Chinese brands are constantly improving.3. V ariety is the spice of life. So, since a man shaves about 20,000 times in a lifetime, the desire for adventure may be the only thing that can drive away boredom. Instead of growing a “glamorous”beard, current styles leave a lot of room for hair experiments. The classic facial hair fashion is designer stubble or “three-day-growth”. The skin can still be seen under the short stubble, lending a manly appearance with relatively little care and expense. The key is to look grooming, not scruffy. However, it does not always make a good impression if you are in daily contact with customers. In contrast, the somewhat more conventional beard style can always win points.Unit three3. (1) Our car wound its way through the mountain. Beautiful scenery was everywhere to be seen on the road; we couldn’t help but be impressed.(2) After elaborate arrangements, Beijing Olympic opening ceremony unfolded s visual banquet to the world.(3) The annual environment conservation campaigns aim to restore the delicate balance between man and nature.(4) The article gives us a real sight into the cause of present food crisis.(5) The moment Wenchuan earthquake was reported, the Red Cross was flooded with calls about donations.(6) The ancient architectures and the modern ones complement each other, adding a special charm to the city.4. The middle class increasingly forgoes bicycles--- the environmentally friendly and energy efficient transport--- in favor of the car. Some four million bikes now compete for road space with more than two million cars. A quick glance at the newly constructed overpasses and ring road has clearly shows which means of transport has been getting priority. Fewer and fewer people are riding bikes because of the inconvenience and the increased dangers that cars bring to the road. However, the improvement in the state economy, the traffic situation and city management does not mean that we should say a final and complete farewell to the bicycle. Some people will still choose this non-polluting, small and green transport tool.Unit four3. (1) “These days I often recall the tough times before, thus I can be cool-headed inthe face of success,” said the founder and CEO of the company.(2)The primary issue in the current situation is to keep the prices steady; otherwise if the market panics, the consequence is beyond imagination.(3) To launch this service in the region will pay off in the long run, though the initial investment is big.(4) To make maximal profits with minimal cost has long been the objective for some companies. Now environment factors make them to rethink about it.(5) The public want to see issues like narrowing the gap between rich and poor and tackling urban housing problems prioritized by the government.(6) Home work burdens greatly restrict children’s opportunities for playing, and do harm to their development.(7) Sex set Hillary apart from all the other candidates for presidency and won her support of many female voters.4. The boom in consumer spending, now in its 12th year, has weathered many shocks that have hit the Us economy, including terrorist attacks, the 2001 recession, and a series of corporate scandals. Resilient household demand has not only sustained domestic growth but has also played a key role in supporting the global economy. Some observers, however, have viewed the surge in consumer spending with apprehension. The personal saving rate has fallen to historic lows, and consumer debt levels have risen. This has led to concern that the rise in private consumption may not be sustainable and that a subsequent weakening could throw the recovery off track. So are US consumers living beyond their means?Unit five2. (1) his speech instilled enthusiasm and confidence into the audience.(2) Intent on her work, Helen ignored the noise outside the room and did not turn to see who was coming in(3) He contended that the main issue was not being addressed.(4) Intimidated, the witness kept his mouth shut for seven years. But now he feels he could no longer turn his eyes away from facts.(5) Mother Theresa remained a woman of great humanity despite all the attention and praise for her work.(6) I wouldn’t underestimate the obstacle if I were you---the situation is more frustrating than you think.3. The Chinese want to do business with individuals---not companies--- socultivating friendships is crucial. Rather than cutting to the chase, the Chinese prefer a courtship filled with get-to-know-you banter and big banquets full of mysterious delicacies. Thus, like other Americans, Deane had to rein in his “get the deal done and move on to the next one” philosophy. And nearly every time he visits his manufacturers in Foshan, they insist on taking him on long drives in the countryside, often recovering ground he’s admired on previous trips. “they want to spend time with you,”Deane explains. “they want to get to know you”.Saxon also says that the Chinese take a long-term view and aren’t risk-takers. The society is less individualistic than America’s, So the Chinese aren’t big on confrontation. He highlights the Chinese belief in the “middle way”, a form of compromise, which means they may insist on working out an agreement rather than taking no for an answer. For an American, this translated into fostering respect, including stifling open criticism.Unit six2(1) Today’s society is full of theories which claim to be authoritative but turn out to be self-contradictory. Instead of being repeatedly tempted to believing them, I would rather keep a sober mind, think independently, and then make my own judgment. (2) Because of his profound insight into the shock of cultural diversity on human mind, he was nominated as candidate for this year’s Nobel Prize for Literature. No matter he is going to win the prize or not, he is already held in high esteem in his home country, and meanwhile plays an important role in the protection of intangible cultural heritage around the world.(3) After long time research, economists discovered that the financial institutes in this country bear a strong relationship with the government. The latter turns out to be the biggest buyer of the country’s financial products.(4) Courtesy is the essence of Chinese food culture. It is estimated that Chinese spend twice or more time on a formal dinner than Europeans.3. One of the greatest things about travelling around the world is all of the wonderful food you get to try. Watch yourself when you start to reach for that food, though, or you just might offend someone. When it comes to table manners, what works in one country doesn’t always go over in another.The United States has its own special dining customs that visitors should know about before sitting down to a meal. For example, when food starts to arrive, you can’t just dig in. it’s considered rude to start eating before everyone at the table hasreceived his or her meal.Once you start to chew down, it’s important to remember to keep yo ur elbows off the table and keep your mouth closed as you chew. One last tip for American dining is never to pick up you bowl or plate as you eat. This is considered rude beyond all belief.If you think Americans are picky about the table manners, think about Taiwan’s (china) customs. The list of rules is equally long. Y ou cannot stick chopsticks upright in your bowl of rice. Furthermore, you should never gesture with your chopsticks. For some visitors, using chopsticks is challenging enough without the rules of what you can and can’t do with themUnit 72.(1)it’s five years since she was lost but she still haunts his dr eams(2).Science empowers man to control natural forces more effectively .(3).Those students implicated in the cheating have been severely punished.(4).The environment is different between the university and the middle school, but the freshmen have adapted themselves to new conditions very soon.(5).The more he thought about it, the more confused he became.3. Recent study shows that the number of courses on ethics in the top 50 business schools have quintupled in the past 20 years . However, only half of these schools take ethic education as one of the requirements for graduation.The incident of group cheating at Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business in the US has aroused intense concern among students. Those who were expelled in this case all come from Asia. They have been in the US for less than a year and have little knowledge about the honor code of universities or the judicial procedures in the US. These Asian students admitted the fault but did not lodge a protest, which is also attributed to their cultural backgrounds. According to the experts, foreign students have different opinions in defining cooperation on the university campuses in the US. The universities have a special obligation to those students. The ethic education in the business schools used to emphasize “no lying”, “no cheating” and “no stealing”. The concept of ethics is changing with the actual situation in the business world. Business ethics do only have a bearing on personal decision making, but also extend to the social, economic and environmental responsibilities of the enterprises, with the “sustainable” development as the main concern.Unit 82. (1) there is no alternative: the president must approve the bill if Congress passes it.(2) The Amish have long been renowned for making ordinary soil magically productive.(3) In fact, the reason why manufacturing powers subsidize their enterprises on energy price is that energy price is a complex political and social issue.(4) 110-year-old Peking University is constantly reviewing its course structures to cater to the ever-changing student roll.(5) About 200 visiting students from china’s quake-hit Sichuan Province wound up their vacation in Russia and set out home.(6) Carbohydrates are abundant in starchy foods, and are converted in the body into glycogen, which is then stored in the muscles and liver.(7) People that illegally obtain personal information also incur criminal penalties, under the draft submitted yesterday to Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress.(8) Governments at all levels must encourage the use of energy-saving technology and facilities by offering policy incentives such as an exemption of taxes.3. But by the spring of 2008, the financial world seemed to be coming undone, unemployment was rising, and among the fashionistas, cheap was the new black. Consumer prices in the US fell at a breathtaking annual rate of nearly 13% in the last three months of 2008. Prices plummeted for all sorts of goods, ranging from clothing to TVs to furniture, as retailers advertised sale after sale. But deflation missed big chunks of the economy. For all of 2008, college tuition and fees increased by 5.8%, followed closely by price increases for hospitals and legal services. Finance is one service sector where prices are falling, in part because banks lent so heavily in housing. For economics, overcapacity is a tricky concept. Human wants are unlimited, so how could the world ever produce too much of a good thing? The key is what people can pay: in many good sectors, prices still aren’t low enough to bring forth enough buyers. There will have to be some combination of falling prices and destruction of productive capacity before supply and demand come back into balance.。
商务英语翻译
the advertising messages with canny scheduling and placement, so that the messages are seen by, and will have an effect on, the people the advertisers face a basic choice: they can have their message seen or heard by many people fewer times, or by fewer people many times. This and other strategic decisions are made in light of tests of the effectiveness of advertising campaigns.
• Vocabulary:
transmit 传递，传达 hint 暗示，提示 concept 思想 prospect 可能成为主顾的人 provoke 诱导 perception 观念，看法 layout 布局 illustration 插图 accomplish 实现，达到 genius 天才 exposed 暴露于 ideally 理想地 词汇扩展：平面广告的组成 print ads 平面广告 component 组成 headline 标题 subhead 副标题 text 正文 slogan 口号 logo 标志 advertising illustration 广告随文
• Passage 2
History of Advertising In the ancient and medieval world such advertising as existed was conducted by word of mouth. The first step toward modern advertising came with the development of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. In the 17th century weekly newspapers in London began to carry ads, and by the 18th century such advertising was flouring. The great expansion of business in the 19th century was accompanied by the growth of an advertising industry; it was that century, primarily in the US, that saw the establishment of ad agencies. The first agencies were, in essence, brokers for space in newspapers. But by the early 20th century agencies became involved in producing the ad message itself, including copy and artwork, and by the 1920s agencies had come into being that could plan and execute complete advertising
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• 商务英语蕴涵各种商务活动内容、为从事国际商 务活动的人们所认同和接受、适合国际商务活动 交际需要。 • 它融较强的实用性、较强的专业性和明确的目的 性于一身。 • 它包括语言知识、交际技能、专业知识、管理技 能和文化意识等核心内容。
• 在当今经济全球化的社会里，包括技术引进、对 外贸易、招商引资、对外劳务承包与合同、国际 金融、涉外保险、国际旅游、海外投资、国际运 输、商业广告等在内的各种商务活动中，所使用 的英语都称之为商务英语。
• 在商务合同类的文本中，所使用的英语句子结构 通常较为复杂，句式规范，文体正式，尤其在招 标文件和投标文件以及合同当中更是如此。
• As the bank’s undertaking will be replacing that of the importer, the bank will treat this as an application for credit and will give consideration to setting up a “line of credit” in the same way as if it were an application for a loan. If the “line” is granted or has already been arranged, the importer completes an “Application for Commercial Credit” in which he gives full details of the Credit he requires. • 译文：由于银行承诺将取代进口商的承诺，银行 将此视为申请信贷，而且会考虑设立一个“信贷额 度”，就和申请一笔贷款一样。如果这种“额度”已 经提供或者安排妥当，进口商便办理“商业信贷申 请”手续，向银行提供他所需信贷的详细要求。
• 2）由于商务文书（如合同、信用证、谅解备忘 录等）既属于法律文本，又可归为商务文本中 （因为它直接或间接涉及到经济利益的获取与丧 失）。众所周知，法律文书具有规范、约束等公 文性质，故其中会使用一些非常正式、非常冷僻 的大词或古老的短语，以体现法律文书的正式性、 严肃性和客观公正性。因此，该类文书中，就会 使用prior to或previous to，而不使用before；使 用expiry，而不使用end；使用certify，而不使用 prove；使用solicit，而不使用seek等。
• 3）关于动词的使用： • 在动词使用方面，多用正式的单个动词而不常使 用小巧的源自盎格鲁-撒克逊本土语的常用动词 或者“动词+介词/副词”或“动词+名词+介词”等动 词短语，如从事国际商务活动的人们倾向于使用 appoint而不使用make an appointment of；倾向 于使用continue而不使用keep on或者go on；倾 向于使用supplement而不使用add to等。
一、商务英语的界定
• 商务英语，即商业主体在国际商务活动中，为实 现商业目的而使用的一种英语变体。 • 该英语变体的特点：有自己独特的语言特征和文 体风格。 • 正是由于这种独特的语言特征和文体风格而被人 们从普通英语（General English）中独立出来， 看做一种新的语言变体，即商务英语（Business English），从学术角度看被称之为商务用途英 语（English for Business Purposes）。
第一单元 关于商务英语
广东外语外贸大学高级翻译学院 李 明 教授 博士
什么是商务？
• 所谓商务：商业实务，即商业活动中的一切事务， 包括商业交际、商品营销、酒店服务、旅游服务、 商业广告、商业谈判、商业宣传、招牌和商标命 名等。而所谓商业，是指以买卖为手段从而促进 商品流通的经济行业，其中的商品既包括有形物 品，也包括无形商品及无形服务（黎运汉, 2005:2）。
• 译文：无论是在工程执行过程中，还是在工程完 成以后，也无论是在放弃合同或其他终止合同之 前或者之后，如果业主与承包商之间出现任何与 合同或工程执行有关的或因合同或工程执行而引 发的争端，包括任何一方对工程师的任何行动、 不行动、意见、指示、决定、证书或评价所产生 的异议，那么该争端应首先提交争端审核委员会。
• The number of bank accounts that are closed compulsorily has been increasing rapidly. • 译文：被强制结清的银行账户的数量一直在快速 地增长。
• 第四，在合同性质以外的商务文本中，所 使用的句子通常简洁、缜密、准确。
支出账户、资本账户、金融账户、资产负债账户
。
• Basic accounting tables consist of GDP table, input-output table, flows-of-funds table, balance of payments, and balance sheet. • 译文：基本核算表包括国内生产总值表、投入产 出表、资金流量表、国际收支平衡表和资产负债 表。
• If, whether during the execution of the works or after their completion and whether before or after the repudiation or other termination of the contract, between the Employer and the Contractor arises any dispute in connection with, or arising out of, the Contract or the execution of the works, including any disagreement by either party with any action, inaction, opinion, instruction, determination, certificate or valuation of the Engineer, the matter shall, in the first place, be referred to the Disputes Review Board.
• 再如： • It is possible that more of the company stores will be closed. • 译文：这家公司有更多的商店有可能要关闭了。 • Stock prices of many major commercial banks closed lower, as they had in previous tradings. • 译文：就像先前的交易中所出现的情况一样，许 多大的商业银行的股票价格在收盘时都在更低的 档次上运行。
• 4）商务英语中不使用俚语或者粗俗用词。
• 第三，商务英语所使用的词汇中，一词多 义现象非常普遍。 • 例如： • Concern lingers that the banks could experience a shortfall in capital in the future. • 译文：银行在将来有可能会遭受资本赤字 ，这种担心一直挥之不去。
• 第二，商务英语的用词可以归结为：平实 易懂、正式规范、简短达意。
• 具体表现： •1）尽量多使用常用词语，如多使用approval而 不使用approbation；多使用improve而不使用 ameliorate。以确保所使用的词语具有国际通用 性，并为国际商务社团（international business community）中所有从事商务活动的人们轻易理 解和接受，便于他们沟通和表达以及从事国际商 务活动。但词语的使用又不能非正式化 （informal）或太口语化。
• 与商务英语平行的还有其他社会功能变体或语言 变体：法律英语、医学英语、学术英语、科技英 语等等。如果再细化的话还有建筑英语、民航英 语、金融英语等等。
二、商务英语的特点
• 第一，商务英语的词汇、语法以及内容等 各个方面均与较强的专业性密切相关。
• 换言之，商务英语承载着商务理论和商务实际操 作等方面的信息，没有承载商务理论和商务实际 操作等方面信息的英语不能称之为商务英语。
• The bank is expected to allocate part of the capital to repay its debts. • 译文：人们期盼该银行调配部分资金来偿还其债 务。 • The major four banks view the reduction in capital as necessary to help prevent Daiei’s stock price from plunging. • 译文：这四家大银行认为，降低股本是非常必要 的，它有助于阻止日本大荣公司的股价大幅下跌 。
• The licensee shall deliver twice a year in advance of each Season to the licensor free of charge samples of each item of the licensed products currently being manufactured by the licensee or its sub-licensees, including labels and packages in order to exercise the licensor’s rights of quality control. • 译文：被许可方须每年两次在每个旺季到来之前 ，向许可方免费提供目前正在由被许可方或其下 属的被许可方所生产的每项特许产品的样品，包 括标签和包装，以便履行许可方的质量控制权利 。