新标准大学英语综合教程3 unit2 A1
新标准大学英语3-unit2-superman原文+译文
SUPERMAN超人1. The year the war began I was in the fifth grade at the Annie F. Warren Grammar School in Winthrop, and that was the winter I won the prize for drawing thebest Civil Defense signs. That was also the winter of Paula Brown's new snowsuit,and even now, 13 years later, I can recall the changing colors of those days, clearand definite as a pattern seen through a kaleidoscope.战争爆发的那一年，我在温斯罗普的安妮·F.沃伦文法学校读五年级，那年冬天我获得了民防图标设计赛冠军。
也就是在那个冬天，波拉·布朗买了新的防雪服，即便是13年后的今天，我仍然能清晰地记起那些精彩纷呈的日子，它们历历在目，犹如万花筒里看到的图案那样色彩斑斓。
2. I lived on the bay side of town, on Johnson Avenue, opposite the Logan Airport,and before I went to bed each night, I used to kneel by the west windowof my room and look over the lights of Boston that blazed and blinked far off acrossthe darkening water. The sunset flaunted its pink flag above the airport, and thesound of waves was lost in the perpetual droning of the planes. I marveled at themoving beacons on the runway and watched, until it grew completely dark, the flashingred and green lights that rose and set in the sky like shooting stars. The airportwas my Mecca, my Jerusalem. All night I dreamed of flying.我的家位于城里靠海湾的一侧，在洛根机场对面的约翰逊大道上。
新标准大学英语综合教程3unit2
Word family: bear v. (bore/borne) carry someone or something, especially something important 运送；携带 e.g. 1. The wedding guests arrived, bearing gifts.
三倍的；三重的
e.g. 1. He is a triple murderer. 他谋杀了三个人/他犯三重谋杀罪。 2. The plan has a triple purpose.
该计划有三个目的。
Word formation: tri-: (prefix) three e.g. 1. trilingual: speaking three languages 2. triangle: a shape with three sides
2. Katzen offered little evidence to substantiate his claims.
卡曾没有提供证据来证明自己的主张。
Words & Phrases
coffin
n. [C] a long box in which a dead
person is buried 棺材；灵柩 e.g. He must be somebody, for a flag was draped over the coffin.
4. According to Hawking, how should we live?
Script
Warming Up
1. What does Hawking mean by saying “heaven is a fairy story for people afraid of the dark”? He means that he is not afraid of death. There is no heaven at all and only those who dare not face death will think they will go to heaven after death. 2. What made Hawking become one of the world's most famous scientists? He became one of the world's most famous scientists with the publication of his 1988 book "A Brief History of Time."
新标准大学英语3unit2_CulturalChildhoods原文+译文
Cultural Childhoods不同文化的童年1 When I look back on my own childhood in the 1970s and 1980s and compare it with children today, it reminds me of that famous sentence "The past is a foreign country: They do things differently there" (from L. P. Hartley's novel The Go-Between). Even in a relatively short period of time, I can see the enormous transformations that have taken place in children's lives and in the ways they arethought about and treated.每当我回顾20世纪七八十年代我的童年时光，并将它与现在孩子的童年相比较时，就会想起句名言：“往昔是异国他乡，那里有着不同的习俗”（可参见L.P.哈特利的小说《传信人》）。
甚至在相对短暂的一段时间内，我也能够察觉到儿童的生活以及人们对待儿童的方式上所经历的巨大变化。
2.Looking further back I can see vast differences between contemporary and historical childhoods. T oday, children have few responsibilities, their lives are characterized by play not work, school not paid labour, family rather than public life and consumption instead of production. Yet this is all relatively recent. A hundred years ago, a 12 year old working in a factory would have been perfectly acceptable. Now, it would cause social services' intervention and the prosecution of both parents and factory owner.回顾更久远的岁月，我可以看到现在和古代童年生活的巨大差别。
新标准大学英语综合教程3课后答案Unit1-3
Unit 1Active reading (1)5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 achieving good results (productive)2 the fact of being present at an event, or of going regularly to school, church etc (attendance)3 the refusal to accept something new, such as a plan, idea, or change (resistance)4 determined to be successful, rich, famous etc (ambitious)5 agreement to a plan, offer, or suggestion (acceptance)6 the written words of a play, film, television programme, speech etc (script)7 very good, large, or showing great skill (impressive)6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5.(1)attendance(2)ambitious(3)productive(4)impressive(5)resistance(6)script(7)acceptance7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in thebox.1(mortgage)2(deck)3(surf)4(coastal; defy)5(lengthy)8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1(b)2(a)3(b)4(b)5(b)6(a)7(b)8(b)Active reading (2)4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 involving three things of the same kind (triple)2 an area of ground where dead people are buried (cemetery)3 the part of a place or thing that is at the back (rear)4 a book that someone writes about someone else ’ s life (biography)5 to put people or things into a space that is too small (cram)6 at the very beginning of a career and likely to be successful at it (budding)7 continuing only for a limited time or distance (finite)8 to pass (elapse)5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.1 elapsed ,cemetery2rear,crammed3triple4budding ,biography5finite6Answer the questions about the words.1(a)2(b)3(a)4(a)5(b)6(b)7(a)8(a)7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1(a)2(b)3(b)4(a)5(a)6(b)7(b)8(b)9(a)Language in use (Omitted)7 Translate the paragraphs into English.1 对于是否应该在大学期间详细规划自己的未来，学生们意见不一。
新标准综合教程3_课后答案unit2
Unit 2 Active reading 1 Language points 1 ... I can recall the changing colors of those days clear and definite as a pattern seen through a kaleidoscope. Para 1 A kaleidoscope is a toy that shows changing patterns. It is made of a tube with mirrors and colored pieces of glass inside. The glass pieces move as you turn the kaleidoscope. As a metaphor kaleidoscope means a view situation or experience that keeps changing and has many different aspects. 2 ?? and look over the lights of Boston that blazed and blinked far off across the darkening water. Para 2 To blaze means to burn strongly and brightly. The lights ... that blazed and blinked means the lights were bright and went on and off continuously like the blinking of eyes. 3 The sunset flaunted its pink flag above the airport and the sound of waves was lost in the perpetual droning of the planes. Para 2 To flaunt means to deliberately try to make people notice something eg your possessions beauty abilities etc because you want them to admire you. The sunset flaunted its pink flag means the pink color of the setting sun was like a flag which the sun was using to try to make everyone notice and admire it. To drone means to make a continuous low sound. Because Logan is an international airport the noise of the planes continued all the time. So it was perpetual. 4 I marveled at the moving beacons on the runway and watched until it grew completely dark the flashing red and green lights that rose and set in the sky like shooting stars. Para 2 A beacon is a bright light that shines in the dark and is used as a signal to warn people of danger or to show them the way to somewhere. Beacons are used in airports to show approaching and departing planes the position of the runways to help them land and take off safely. A shooting star is a meteor a large piece of rock in space that falls through the earth’s atmosphere and makes a bright line of light in the sky. When you see a shooting star it is said to be lucky and some people make a wish. 5 Out by the parking lot David and I found the perfect alcove for our Superman dramas. Para 5 A parking lot is the American equivalent of a car park British English. A lot in American English refers to a small area of land used for a particular purpose. 6 During recess David and I came into our own. Para 6 To come into one’s own means to have the opportunity to show how good or useful someone is. Here the two children are good at imaginative play with Superman games. Childhood memories Unit 2 45 7 We ignored the boys playing baseball on the gravel court and the girls giggling at dodge-ball in the dell. Para 6 Dodge-ball is a game played by children standing in a circle or on opposite sides of an area. A rubber ball is thrown by those outside who try to hit those in the circle. The children in the circle try to dodge the ball to avoid being hit. 8 Our Superman games made us outlaws ?? Para 6 An outlaw is a criminal especially one who moves from place to place to avoid being caught. There are many famous stories of outlaws in Western culture eg Robin Hood Billy the Kid Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid Ned Kelly etc. Here the two children are outlaws because they play their imaginative games against the custom of other games like dodge-ball. 9 ?? the sallow mamma’s boy on our block who was left out of the boys’ games ... and skin his fat knees. Para 6 Mamma mama momma mummy are children’s names for mother mum. A mamma’s boy is one who depends too much on his mother and is not independent when he should be. To skin one’s knees means to hurt one’s knees by falling on a rough surface in a way that causes some skin to be removed. 10 At the time my Uncle Frank was living with us while waiting to be drafted ?? Para 8 The draft means conscription into the armed forces for military service. People who are drafted are made to join the army navy etc they are conscripts or draftees not volunteers. Reading and understanding 3 Answer the questions. 1 What were SylviaPlath’s most important memories She remembered winning a prize Paula Brown’s new suit and the view from her window. 2 Where did she live and what could she see from her bedroom window She lived on the bay side of town on Johnson Avenue and she could see the lights of Boston and Logan Airport from her bedroom window. 3 What did the view make her want to do It made her want to fly in her dreams. 4 Why did she have such vivid dreams Because she was rarely tired when she went to bed. 5 Who appeared in her dreams Superman appeared and taught her to fly. 6 Why did she enjoy the radio adventures of Superman Because she loved the sheer poetry of flight. 7 Where did her friend and she play Superman At the dingy back entrance to the school an alcove in a long passageway. Unit 2 Childhood memories 46 8 Why do you think they chose Sheldon to be the villain Because he was a mamma’s boy and was left out of the other boys’ games. 9 How did she feel about her Uncle Frank She admired him as she thought he bore an extraodinary resemblance to Superman incognito. 4 Choose the best summary of the passage. 3 Sylvia Plath wrote about her real and imaginary life as a child. Dealing with unfamiliar words 5 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 accurate and true definite 2 continuing all the time perpetual 3 to spin quickly in circles whirl 4 to shine very brightly blaze 5 to laugh in a nervous excited or silly way that is difficult to control giggle 6 to encourage someone to speak or continue speaking prompt 7 to fall to the ground tumble 6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5. Plath never needed to be 1 prompted to talk about her childhood memories. They were very 2 definite and still real to her as an adult. She imagined she could fly and3 whirl through the air like Superman. Coming from the highways around Boston was the4 perpetual sound of traffic. In the distance a plane was taking off its lights5 blazing into the night sky. She remembered the sound of6 giggling which came from the group of girls. Sadly in her later life it seemed as if Superman had7 tumbled to earth. 7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. 1 The lights at the airport went on and off all day and night. blinked 2 The playground was like a desert. It was without any interesting or positive features and unfriendly. barren 3 The boys were playing a children’s game in which the players chase and try to touch each other and the girls were gossiping and giggling. tag 4 Pulling the legs off insects is a form of action causing extreme physical pain by someone as a punishment and is extremely cruel. torture 5 The similarity in appearance between the twins was striking. resemblance 6 He would cover candy with a piece of cloth used for cleaning lips and hands and make it disappear. napkin8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 If you look through a kaleidoscope are you likely to see a changing coloured patterns or b a single coloured pattern 2 If you flaunt something do you a deliberately try to make people notice or b try to hide it 3 If you marvel at something do you find it a boring or b surprising and fascinating Childhood memories Unit 2 47 4 Are shooting stars likely to a move brightly through the night sky or b stand still 5 Is the twilight likely to be a at the end of or b in the middle of the day 6 If you drift off to sleep are you likely to fall asleep a quickly or b slowly 7 If someone is bookish are they likely to be a more or b less interested in reading books than doing other activities 8 If you make up something do you a invent it or b borrow it from someone else9 If you come into your own are you likely to show a how effective and useful or b ineffective and useless you can be 10 Is a villain likely to be a a good or b bad person 11 If you are left out of something are you likely to be a included or b excluded Active reading 2 Language points 1 These changing ideasabout children have led many social scientists to claim that childhood is a “social construction”. Para 4 A social construction refers to the process or resu lt of creating an idea or system of behaviour in social contexts ie it is created and developed between people and is not something natural or genetic. Childhood memories Unit 2 53 2 Social anthropologists have shown this in their studies of peoples ... Para 5 Social anthropologists are scholars and researchers who study human societies customs and beliefs from a social perspective which may be distinct from the focus of physical anthropologists or linguistic anthropologists. 3 Because they can’t be reasone d with and don’t understand parents treat them with a great deal of tolerance and leniency. Para 5 Tolerance is the attitude of someone who is willing to accept other people’s beliefs or way of life without criticizing them even if they disagree with them. The word leniency means giving a punishment or acting in a way that is not as severe or harsh as it could be.4 They are seen as being closer to mad people than adults because they lack the highly prized quality of social competence ?? Para 6 Something is prized if it is considered to be very important or valuable. The examples in the passage emphasize how different cultural communities may give importance to quite different qualities which they expect from children so the children are brought up very differently.5 They are regularly toldoff for being clumsy and a child who falls over may be laughed at shouted at or beaten. Para 6 To tell someone off means to criticize someone angrily for doing something wrong. If you are told off for doing something in a serious or official way you are reprimanded. 6 Looking at it from a cross-cultural perspective shows the wide variety of childhoods that exist across the world ?? Para 11 A cross-cultural perspective is a view which considers different cultures separately or independently and then makes comparisons. An intercultural perspective would look at the relations and interactions between different cultures or communities taking inside views of each culture into account. A transcultural perspective would look at different cultures using knowledge skills and insights which are thought to apply to a wide range of cultural contexts and which would help people in intercultural contexts. Reading and understanding 3 Read the passage again and complete the table. Teaching tips ?? When Ss have completed the table on their own divide the class into seven groups each group being responsible for one row in the table. They have to summarize the characteristics of childhood of this ethnic group and also include an example. Then they report to the class. Each group should also add related information they learned from the passage and the language and culture notes. The presentation of each group could be given from that exact roles of parents from that exact cultural or ethnic group. If this is difficult T may give each group a copy of the example below and ask them to practise and present it to the class. ?? As a way to follow this up T can ask each group one by one to compare their result with that of another group without looking at their books. An alternative follow-up is for the T together with one or two Ss to take the roles of TV reporters who meet each group and ask them “on camera” to compare themselves with another group and talk about how they understand the other group from a cross-cultural perspective. Unit 2 Childhood memories 54 1 We are American colonial people. We lived in the 17th and 18th centuries on the east coast of America and our families settled here from Europe. In our time children were expected to be good a nd industrious. That was the main characteristic of childhood. For example when our girls were four they knitted stockings and mittens when they were six they spun wool. We called them “Mrs” to show the girls our appreciation. 2 We are Inuit people from th eArctic regions. Some of us are from Canada and Greenland Denmark others from Russia and Alaska of US. For us children need to get ihuma – you would call this the process of acquiring thought reason and understanding. That’s the main characteristic of chi ldhood. For example as parents we are tolerant and lenient with children until they are old enough to develop ihuma then we can teach them and discipline them. 3 We are from Tonga a kingdom of about 170 islands in the south-west Pacific Ocean. As parents we may regularly beat our children if they haven’t yet developed poto. You would think of poto as social competence. For us it’s the main quality that our children need to develop. So we treat them with discipline and physical punishment when they are mischievous or wilful. 4 We are the Beng people. We live in different parts of West Africa. The main characteristic of childhood is that young children are thought to be in contact with the spirit world. They come to the world reluctantly because life in the sp irit world is so pleasant. As parents we have to look after our children properly or they may return to the spirit world. We have to treat them with care and reverence. They can know and understand everything we tell them whatever languages we use. 5 We are parents from the Western world today. Some of us are from Europe others from North America Australia and other places. The main characteristic of childhood in our countries is that children are incompetent and dependent so they should play be part of the family and go to school. Children should not work. For example a child under 14 can’t look after a younger child unsupervised because they aren’t competent or responsible yet. If we found a child of 12 working in a factory or in a market the social services could intervene and the family could be prosecuted. 6 We are Fulani people. Most of us live in West Africa. For us the main characteristic of childhood is that children are competent and responsible. So by the age of four our girls can care for their younger siblings by six they can pound grain or produce milk and butter which they can sell in the market alongside us. 7 We are the Yanamam?? people from the Amazonian rainforest. We live among the hills where you probably call the border between Brazil and Venezuela. The main characteristic of childhood is that children are responsible and competent. Our girls help their mothers from a young age and by the age of ten they will be running the house. This is important because they will probably be married at 12 or 13. Our boys have fewer responsibilities. They can play because they don’t get married until later. Culture / Ethnic group Characteristics of childhood American colonial expected to be good and industrious Inuit develop a process of acquiring thought reason and understanding Tonga regularly beaten and told off by parents and older siblings seen as being very naughty until they develop social competence Beng treated with great care and reverence believed that they are in contact with the spirit world Childhood memories Unit 2 55 Culture / Ethnic group Characteristics of childhood Western world today seen as incompetent and irresponsible playing not working going to school not labouring consumption instead of production Fulani competent and responsible expected to work Yanamam?? competent and responsible girls expected to work from a young age be married and have children at 12 or 13 boys having fewer responsibilities and getting married later 4 Choose the best way to complete the sentences. 1 The characteristics of childhood a hundred years ago d . a would have interfered in their education b are similar to those of today c would be illegal today d meant that children were treated more like adults 2 The idea that childhood is a social construction suggests that a . a children experience childhood in different ways according to the society in which they live b enormous transformations have taken placewithin a relatively short time c children in the past worked harder d all children are.。
新标准大学英语综合教程3 unit2 A1
Active reading 1: Resources
pick out
a choose b distinguish c make out, see d play a tune
➢ Work in pairs and match the meanings. 1. Let’s pick out the bargains. 2. She picked out Chopin’s Waltz. 3. Can you pick out that guy in the crowd? 4. I could pick out the isolated words.
Active reading 1: Resources
super-hot
super + adj. or super + noun
➢ Work in pairs. Brainstorm the super + adj. and super + noun collocations.
Active reading 1: Resources
Active reading 1: Resources
deceive
v. to cause to believe sth. that is false; play a trick on; mislead on purpose Work in pairs. Translate the following into Chinese. Honeyed words may deceive people for some time, but cannot stand the test of time and practice.
新标准大学英语综合教程3课后习题答案全解.doc
Unit 1Active reading (1)Catching crabsLanguage points1 … and we all started to get our heads down … (Para 1)To get one’s head down means to concentrate and focus on studying. In other British informal contexts,it can mean to sleep. Note also, to keep one’s head down means to continue to do something quietly,especially when there is trouble happening around you.Unit 1 Discovering yourself2 Most important of course were the final exams in April and May in the following year. (Para 1)This is a conversational elliptical sentence. A standard way of saying this is: The most important things,of course, were the final exams in April and May in the following year.3 No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hardwas strong. (Para 1)Peer group pressure is the pressure to conform that people, especially children and young people, oftenfeel from the immediate group of those around them who are of the same age or status.4 Libraries ... were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bagsunder their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence. (Para 1)The expression standing room only means there are no more seats available because the place is crowded.This expression is often used in public performances, for sports events and on public transport to meanthat you have to stand because the place is packed with people.Bags under their eyes refer to loose dark areas of skin that you get when you have not had enough sleep.The expression guys wore the bags under their eyes with pride means that the students were proud thattheir tired appearance showed how hard they had been studying, and the bags under their eyes were likemedals.5 It wasn’t always the high flyers with the top grades who knew what they weregoing to do. (Para 2)A high flyer refers to someone who has achieved a lot and has the ability and determination to continue tobe successful in their studies or job. In university, a high flyer is a top student.6 Quite often it was the quieter, less impressive students who had the next stages of their life mappedout. (Para 2)To have something mapped out means to have something that will happen planned in detail.7 One had landed a job in his brother’s advertising firm in Madison Avenue, another had got a scriptunder provisional acceptance in Hollywood. (Para 2)To land a job means to get a job that you wanted.Provisional acceptance refers to an acceptance which is arranged (in principle), but is not yet definite. Itis temporary and could be changed.8 The most ambitious student among us was going to work as a party activist at a local level. (Para 2)A party activist is someone who takes part in activities that are intended to achieve political change,someone who is a member of a political organization.9 We all saw him ending up in the Senate or in Congress one day. (Para 2) To end up somewhere means to be in a particular place or state after doing something or because of it.Here, a party activist might end up in Congress, as a result of making career progress.10 But most people were either looking to continue their studies … and then settle down with a family,a mortgage and some hope of promotion. (Para 2)To look to continue their studies here means to hope or expect to continue their studies – whether theycan do so would probably depend on their exam results and grades. You can also look to someone forhelp, advice or support.Discovering yourself Unit 1A mortgage is a legal agreement in which you borrow money from a bank or financial organization inorder to buy a house. You pay back your mortgage by making monthly payments, plus interest. Thus,getting a mortgage for many young people means getting a flat or house of their own.11 I braced myself for some resistance to the idea. (Para 10)A brace is a piece of wood or metal which supports an object so that it doesnot fall down. So to braceoneself means to hold oneself together in readiness for something difficult or unpleasant.12 You don’t need to go into a career which pays well just at the moment. (Para 16)To go into a career means to start working in a particular job, business or career.13 Several times the crab tried to defy his fellow captives, without luck. (Para 25)The crab tried to defy the others as it resisted others or refused to obey them when it tried to escape.The expression without luck means without success, being unable to do what you want.Reading and understanding3 Choose the best summary of what happened in the crab cage.3 The cage was full of crabs. One of them was trying to escape, but each time it reached the top the othercrabs pulled it back. In the end it gave up trying and started to prevent other crabs from escaping.4 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What happened to the students in the fall of the final year?(a) They became more relaxed.(b) They became more serious.(c) They spent more time outside.(d) They stopped going to lessons.2 Why did some people have bags under their eyes in the morning?(a) They’d been to an all-night party.(b) They’d started worrying about their future.(c) They’d spent all night in the library.(d) They wanted to impress their teachers.3 Which students had already planned their future?(a) The ones who had the best grades.(b) The ones who came from wealthy families.(c) The quieter ones who didn’t have the best grades.(d) The ones who wanted to get married and start a family.4 Why did the writer go home?(a) He wanted to speak to his father.(b) He could study better at home than at college.(c) He had to attend a job interview.(d) It was a national holiday.Unit 1 Discovering yourself5 Why did his father take him out to catch crabs?(a) They needed to get something to eat for dinner.(b) He wanted to show him how to catch crabs.(c) He wanted to tell him something about life.(d) They both wanted to enjoy the coastline and the sea.6 What advice did his father give him?(a) Get to know yourself better.(b) Watch what others do carefully.(c) Always listen to your father.(d) You can’t always do what you want.Dealing with unfamiliar words5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 achieving good results (productive)2 the fact of being present at an event, or of going regularly to school, church etc (attendance)3 the refusal to accept something new, such as a plan, idea, or change (resistance)4 determined to be successful, rich, famous etc (ambitious)5 agreement to a plan, offer, or suggestion (acceptance)6 the written words of a play, film, television programme, speech etc (script)7 very good, large, or showing great skill (impressive)6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5. To be a successful film scriptwriter takes more than training although (1) attendance on a screenwritingcourse will definitely help you learn the skills. You also need to be very (2) ambitious – the film businessis very competitive. You have to be prepared to work hard and be very (3) productive because it takesmore than just one good idea to make it big. No matter how (4) impressive your idea is, there willalways be (5) resistance from producers because it’s too expensive. So make sure you have plenty ofothers to show them. What are you waiting for? Get on with writing that brilliant(6) script and plan your(7) acceptance speech for when you win your first Oscar!7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1 We’ve seen a place we like and we’re applying for a loan to buy a house. (mortgage)2 We stood on the top floor of the boat and watched the coast disappear into the horizon. (deck)3 I love to walk along the beach and watch the waves breaking, and the white water hitting the shore. (surf)4 In seaside areas in the north-east of the country, life is hard and fishermen have to go against the forcesof nature every time they go to work. (coastal; defy)5 Agreement was finally reached after a long and heated discussion. (lengthy)8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If you watch an impromptu performance of something, has it (a) been prepared, or (b) not beenprepared?2 When you map out your future, do you (a) plan it carefully, or (b) draw a sketch of it on paper?Discovering yourself Unit 13 If you brace yourself for something unpleasant, do you (a) try not to think about it, or (b) prepareyourself for it mentally and physically?4 Do you moor a boat by (a) turning the steering wheel, or (b) tying it to a post with a rope?5 Is a rusty piece of metal something that (a) is bright and shiny, or (b) might have been left out in the rainand is covered with brown substance?6 If a bowl is brimming with soup, is it (a) very full, or (b) half empty?7 If someone is being held captive, are they (a) free to do as they please, or(b) being kept as a prisoner?8 If you have figured out something, have you (a) added numbers together, or(b) understood it?Active reading (2)2 Work in pairs. Look at the title of the passage and choose the best way to complete the sentences.1 The passage will be (c) .(a) a newspaper article about life expectancy(b) a sad story about death(c) advice about how to make the most of your life(d) a warning that modern lifestyles are bad for healthUnit 1 Discovering yourself122 The passage is likely to be (d) .(a) serious(b) funny(c) depressing(d) a mixture of all three3 The passage is likely to say (b) .(a) young people don’t think enough about death(b) life is short(c) people are dying unnecessarily(d) people don’t enjoy life enoughWe are all dyingBackground informationThe passage is taken from Everything That Happens to Me Is Good, a book of thoughts, experiences andinsights from the life of Geoff Thompson. The writer worked in many different jobs, including nine yearsas a “bouncer”in a nightclub in London (a bouncer has the tough job of making sure that no one causestrouble, eg if they are rude, drunk or violent). He then trained full-time in karate, judo and other martial artsand became well-known as a martial arts instructor. He lived out his dream to become a writer, authoringover 30 books on self-defence and self-improvement and has recently been making films and writing for thescreen. Asked what he had learnt from his years in martial arts, he said, “The main thing I’ve learned is thatwherever there is discomfort there is growth, but what people do is to look for growth in areas of comfort –and there’s no growth in comfort. So look for areas of growth that are uncomfortable but allow you to grow,and learn to become comfortable in those areas.”Language points1 I have some good news and some bad news for you (as the joke goes). The bad news – and I’m verysorry to be the bearer – is that we are all dying. It’s true. I’ve checked it out. (Para 1)Good news and bad news are often paired together in jokes and in comments on new information or recentevents where there is a mixture of positive and negative aspects, eg The good news is … But the badnews is …To check something out means to examine something or someone in order to be certain that everything iscorrect, true, satisfactory or acceptable. Check this out! is anattention-getting exclamation which meanshere’s something interesting to have a look at.2 … we are all going to be either coffin dwellers or trampled ash in the rose garden of some localcemetery. (Para 1)Coffin is a long box in which a dead person is buried. The expression coffin dweller is a humorous way torefer to dead people.The expression trampled ash in the rose garden of some local cemetery refers jokingly to the ashes of adead person placed in a cemetery garden where people walk on the buried ashes.Discovering yourself Unit 1133 After all, we never quite know when the hooded, scythe-carrying,bringer-of-the-last-breath mightcome-a-calling. (Para 1)The expression the hooded, scythe-carrying, bringer-of-the-last breath refers to the reaper, a person whoreaps or cuts corn for the harvest and is a symbol of death from medieval times of the West. A reaper ispersonified as a tall figure dressed in a black cloak with a hood covering his face and carrying a scythe,a cutting tool with a long curved metal blade used for cutting, or reaping long grass or corn. The reaperbrings death or brings your last breath. The expression when the reaper arrives means when death comesto you.4 … and nothing underlines the uncertainty and absolute frailty of humanity like the untimely exit ofa friend. (Para 1)The word exit here means leaving this world or death. The word untimely means happening at a time thatis not suitable because it causes problems. An untimely death is too soon or when a person is young.5 Knowing that we are all budding crypt-kickers takes away all the uncertainty of life. (Para 3)That we are all budding crypt-kickers is a humorous way of saying that we are all potentially soon to beburied, ie dead.6 The prologue and epilogue are already typed in. All that’s left is the middle bit ... choose the meat ofthe story. (Para 3)A prologue is a piece of writing at the start of a book, or the beginning of a play, film or TV programmethat introduces a story. An epilogue is at the end of a novel, play or piece of writing, which carries an extracomment or extra information about what happens after the main story. Here, the writer’s point is that theprologue (birth) and epilogue (end, death) of your life are already written, but we all choose to write themiddle bit –the meat of the story.7 So, all those plans that you have on the back burner, you know, the great things you’re going to dowith your life “when the time is right”? (Para 4)A back burner is literally one of the back parts of a cooker which is used forheating or cooking food.Metaphorically, if you put something on the back burner, it means you have decided not to do it untillater. It is at the back of the cooker, just simmering or cooking slowly, so you don’t give it priority becauseit doesn’t need your full attention. The expression this back-burner stuff (Para 10) thus refers to thingswhich have low priority and get little attention.8 There’s only a promissory note that we are often not in a position to cash. (Para 5)A promissory note is a document giving details of your promise to pay someone a particular amount ofmoney by a particular date. The writer means that tomorrow, or the future, is like a promissory note forwhich you never get the cash, because the future never comes unless you act now and use time wisely, asif tomorrow is today.9 …but regret and a rear-view mirror full of “could haves”, “should haves”and “would haves”. (Para 5)A rear-view mirror is a mirror fixed to the front window of a car that lets the driver see what is happeningbehind. Here, the mirror refers to the past, which is behind us. We don’t want such a mirror full of regretsabout things we could / should / would have done, but did not do.Unit 1 Discovering yourself1410 I love watching people ingeniously stack the cucumber around the side of the bowl – like they’refilling a skip –and then cramming it so high that they have to hire a forklift truck to get it back tothe table … They just know that they only have one shot at it. (Para 6)A skip is a large metal container used in the building industry for waste; it is carried away by a truckwhen it is full.A forklift truck is a vehicle that uses two long metal bars at the front for lifting and moving heavy objects.The writer is using the images of a skip and a truck to emphasize how people use the opportunity to servethemselves, because they only have one shot –they only have one chance or attempt, they can’t return formore salad in this type of buffet, so they make the most of this opportunity.11 So what I’m thinking is (and this is not molecular science) … (Para 10) It means this is not specialized knowledge. It’s not rocket science; it’s simple and straightforward.12 The right time is the cheque that’s permanently in the post, it never arrives. (Para 10)That the cheque is in the post means money has been sent, its on its way. This is often said as an excusefor late payment, so if the cheque’s permanently in the post, it means the money never comes.13 It’s the girl who keeps us standing at the corner of the Co-op looking likea spanner … She’s stoodus up. (Para 10)The expression looking like a spanner on the street corner means he looks awkward and out of place,waiting for a girl who is late and never arrives.To stand someone up means not to come to meet them when you have arranged to meet them, especiallysomeone with whom you are having or starting a romantic relationship. The word us is an informal andpersonal way to include others who will recognize that this is a typical experience.14 Act now or your time will elapse and you’ll end up as a sepia-coloured relative that no one can puta name to in a dusty photo album. (Para 13)The expression you’ll end up as a sepia-coloured relative means that in the end you will be only anold half-forgotten photograph in a photo album. I can’t put a name to someone is said when you halfrecognizea person but you can’t quite remember his name.15 Better to leave a biography as thick as a whale omelette than an epitaph. (Para 14)An omelette is flat round food made by mixing eggs together and cooking them. The expression as thickas a whale means extremely thick. The writer means it is better to leave a very large biography than anepitaph, or, in other words, live a full life which is worth writing about. Reading and understanding3 Choose the best summary of the passage.3 Life is short. So there’s no point in planning for a future which may never come. Now is the time to dowhat we want to do. There’s no time to lose.Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 involving three things of the same kind (triple)2 an area of ground where dead people are buried (cemetery)Discovering yourself Unit 1153 the part of a place or thing that is at the back (rear)4 a book that someone writes about someone else’s life (biography)5 to put people or things into a space that is too small (cram)6 at the very beginning of a career and likely to be successful at it (budding)7 continuing only for a limited time or distance (finite)8 to pass (elapse)5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.1 About two hours elapsed before we reached the cemetery where the war dead were buried.2 I sat in the rear seat behind the driver. My three sisters were all crammed in the front.3 The entrance to the car park was blocked, so the road was full of cars which had been triple-parked oneagainst another, making it almost impossible to get past.4 We have a number of budding authors in our class this year, one of whom has written a fascinatingbiography of his grandmother.5 The time we have on this earth may be finite, but there are no limits to the human imagination.6 Answer the questions about the words.1 If you substantiate a claim, do you (a) prove it is true, or (b) persuade someone that it is true?2 If someone tramples over something, do they (a) pour water over it, or (b) walk all over it?3 If someone’s arrival is untimely, is it (a) at the wrong moment, or (b) late?4 If events are described chronologically, do they occur (a) in the order in which they happened, or (b) inno particular order?5 Is ingeniously likely to mean (a) artistically, or (b) cleverly?6 Is knackered an informal British word meaning (a) very relaxed, or (b) extremely tired?7 Is patently likely to mean (a) obviously, or (b) usually?8 When something is allotted to you, is it (a) given to you, or (b) taken from you?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 If you check something out, do you (a) find out, or (b) not think about it?2 If you see something from the sidelines, do you (a) take part in the action, or (b) stay away from it?3 If something is down to you, is it your (a) bad luck, or (b) responsibility?4 If you have something on the back burner, (a) will you look at it later, or(b) are you interested in itnow?5 If you are in a position to do something, are you (a) able, or (b) unable to do it?6 If time is ticking away, does it seem (a) as if it will last forever, or (b) to be passing quickly?7 If you can have one shot at something, (a) are you allowed to shoot it, or(b) do you have only onechance to do it?8 If you make the best of something, do you (a) enjoy it while you can, or (b) work hard to make it asuccess?9 If a girl stands you up, does she (a) fail to turn up for a date, or (b) refuse to sit down when you askher to?Language in useword formation: compound words1 Find more examples of each use of hyphens in the passage We are all dying . • I’ve double- and triple-checked it. (compound verb)• budding crypt-kickers (compound noun)• a rear-view mirror (compound adjective)• the once-a-year holiday to Florida or Spain (compound adjective)• back-burner stuff (compound adjective)• standing at the corner of the Co-op (compound noun)• a sepia-coloured relative that no one can put a name to (compound adjective) 2 Rewrite the phrases using compound adjectives.1 a party which is held late at night (a late-night party)2 a library which is well stocked (a well-stocked library)3 a professor who is world famous (a world-famous professor)4 some advice which is well timed (some well-timed advice)5 a population which is growing rapidly (a rapidly-growing population)6 an economy which is based on free market (a free-market economy)7 a boat trip which lasts for half an hour (a half-hour boat trip)It’s what / how … that …3 Rewrite the sentences using It’s what / how … that …1 What other people think of us is determined by how we behave.It’s how we behave that determines what other people think of us.Unit 1 Discovering yourself202 What sort of job we are going to end up doing is usually determined by our character.It’s what our character is that usually determines what sort of job we are going to end up doing.3 What we do as a career isn’t always determined by the marks we get at university.It isn’t always what marks we get at university that determine what we do asa career.4 How we react to life’s problems is often determined by our childhood experiences.It is often what we experienced in our childhood that determines how we react to life’s problems.5 When we die is determined by our genetic clock, and the changes we make to it.It’s what our genetic clock is and what changes we make to it that determine when we die.It is / was not just that … but …4 Rewrite the sentences using It is / was not just that … but …1 Not only were the shops all closed for Thanksgiving, there was also no one in the streets.It wasn’t just that the shops were all closed for Thanksgiving, but there was no one in the streets.2 Not only did she spend all her time at college going to parties, she also took the time to gain a first-classdegree.It wasn’t just that she spent all her time at college going to parties, but she took the time to gain a firstclassdegree.3 Not only were they not listening to what he said, it also seemed as if they weren’t at all interested.It wasn’t just that they weren’t listening to what he said, but it seemed as if they weren’t at all interested.4 Not only was I upset, I also felt as if I was going to burst out crying. It wasn’t just that I was upset, but I felt as if I was going to burst out crying.5 Not only was the Grim Reaper intended to frighten people, it was also a figure of fun.It wasn’t just that the Grim Reaper was intended to frighten people, but it was also a figure of fun.collocations5 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 settle When you settle somewhere you go there to stay.(a) Where is dust likely to settle in a room?On the surfaces that aren’t used very often or aren’t cleaned.(b) If you settle an argument, is the conclusion satisfactory?Yes, it is, because the disagreement is solved and each party is satisfied with the outcome.(c) If you settle the bill, what is there left to pay?Nothing, because you have paid everything that is owed.(d) What do you do when you settle back to watch a film?We relax in a comfortable chair and enjoy it.2 smooth This word can mean flat or soft, comfortable, easy or confident.(a) If the sea is smooth, are you likely to feel seasick?No, because the sea is calm. We will feel seasick if it is rough.Discovering yourself Unit 121(b) If a changeover from one government to the next is smooth, are there lots of problems?No, because the changeover has gone well, without difficulties.(c) Is it a good idea to trust a smooth talker?Not necessarily, because some people who talk confidently like that do so to trick you, like aconfidence trickster or conman.3 offer This word can refer to something you would like someone to take, something someone gives, orsomething that is for sale.(a) If you decline an offer, do you say “yes” or “no”?We say “no”, because we are refusing it.(b) If you offer an apology to someone for something you have done, what do you say?We should say, “I apologize” or “I’m sorry”.(c) Where are you likely to see special offer?In a shop, because the shop is offering a special price or reduction for something.(d) If someone has a lot to offer, what kind of person are they?They are intelligent, talented, gifted or creative and they will bring these kinds of qualities to their work.4 bear If you bear something you carry or bring it. If you cannot bear something, you dislike it or cannotaccept it.(a) If you bear something in mind, do you forget it?No, we will remember it and consider it for a particular occasion in future.(b) If you bear a resemblance to someone, in what way are you like them? We look similar in certain physical features.(c) Is there anything you can’t bear to think about?I can’t bear to think too much about some of the problems in the world, famine, war, poverty etc. Inthe modern world, why don’t we just solve them?5 resistance This word can refer to the refusal to accept something new, the ability not to be harmed bysomething, or opposition to someone or something.(a) If there is resistance to an idea, do people accept it?No, not easily. They refuse to accept the idea maybe because it’s just a bad idea, or they may changetheir mind if they understand it better.(b) If the soldiers met with resistance, what happened?The soldiers met opposition from those they were fighting against.(c) Is there a way to build up your resistance to cold?Yes, we can keep ourselves as healthy as possible with a good diet and getting enough exercise sothat we are less likely to catch a cold, or if we do get one, we won’t suffer so badly.6 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.1 We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here, that we would never get a chance like thisagain, and we became determined not to waste it. Most important of course were the final exams inApril and May in the following year. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so thepeer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which were once empty after five o’clock in theafternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags undertheir eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence. (☞and guys worethe bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride …这句的动词wear 后面带两个宾语，中Unit 1 Discovering yourself22文找不到能带这两个宾语的动词，故处理成四个中文短句；翻译like medals proving their diligence时，采用“增词法”增加“这些”来概括前面所描写的“眼袋”，“脸色苍白”，“睡眼惺忪”等，使译文含义更加清晰流畅。
新标准大学英语综合教程3课件：U1 AR2
bearer
n. someone who brings a particular type of news or information Answer the questions. 1. If you bear something in mind, do you forget it? No, we will remember it and consider it for a particular occasion in future. 2. If you bear a resemblance to someone, in what way are you like them? We look similar in certain physical features. 3. Is there anything you can’t bear to think about? I can’t bear to think too much about some of the problems in the world, famine, war, poverty etc.
2. the meat of
3. put sth. on the back burner 4. tick away 5. have/get a shot at 6. make the best of
5. cram
6. skip 7. allot
8. finite
9. elapse
Active reading 2: Resources
知道吗？我们都在走向死亡。这是已经定了的。
Back
Active reading 2: Resources
Difficult sentence 3
There’s only a promissory note that we are often not in a position to cash. (Para. 5)
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
1. Turning their nose up at the audience, they looked down on the people living in the suburb.
2. Several officers have openly scorned the peace talks.
Active reading 1: Resources
appropriate
a. right or suitable (to or for); rightly belonging (to)
Work in pairs. Translate the following sentences.
1. 厚的毛织品衣服不适宜于在炎热的夏日穿。
Thick woolen clothes are not appropriate for a hot summer day.
2. Please write in a style appropriate to your subject. 请用与你的题目相称的风格写.
3. 有关信息会转给相关方。
Pertinent information will be forwarded to the appropriate party.
More
Active reading 1: Resources
constellation n.
Leo
(24 Jul – 23 Aug)
Virgo
(24 Aug– 23 Sept)
Libra
(24 Sept – 23 Oct)
Scorpio (24 Oct – 22 Nov)
Sagittarius (23 Nov– 21 Dec)
7.磁场
7. a magnetic field
8.圣诞童话
8. Santa myth
2. You can now navigate around different diagrams.
你可以在不同的图之间导航了。
Active reading 1: Resources
twinkle
v. to shine with a light that gleams unsteadily; sparkle; move rapidly up and down
Useful expressions
1.北极
1. North Pole
2.圣诞节后商品大减价 2. after-Christmas sale
3.发生了争执
3. in an argument with
4.圣诞夜
4. Christmas Eve
5.北极星
5. North Star
6.拥有了
6. lay claim to
A descendant of Queen Victoria
维多利亚女王的后裔
The last surviving descendant of William Shakespeare
威廉·莎士比亚健在的子孙
The core of descendant’s ideas
遗民思想的核心
The only remaining descendant in the family
n. named group of fixed stars Work in pairs. Find out which constellation you are of. Aries (21 Mar – 20 Apr) 白羊座 Taurus (21 Apr – 21 May) 金牛座 Gemini (22 May – 21 Jun) 双子座 Cancer (22 Jun – 23 Jul) 巨蟹座
Active reading 1: Resources
pick out
a choose b distinguish c make out, see d play a tune
➢ Work in pairs and match the meanings. 1. Let’s pick out the bargains. 2. She picked out Chopin’s Waltz. 3. Can you pick out that guy in the crowd? 4. I could pick out the isolated words.
Active reading 1: Resources
descendant
n. person who is descended from the person or persons named Work in pairs. Translate the following into English.
花言巧语可能蒙骗人一时，但是却经不起时间和实践的考验。
➢ Work in pairs. Find the secrets of the following pairs.
Active reading 1: Resources
brainwash
v. to force a person to reject old beliefs and accept new beliefs by use of extreme mental pressure
Active reading 1: Resources
Words to note
New Words
1. deceive 2. brainwash 3. constellation 4. navigate 5. twinkle 6. appropriate 7. descendant
Phrases
1. look down on 2. pick out 3. super hot
n. twinkling light; sparkle
➢ Work in pairs. Identify the part of speech in the sentences/phrases.
1. Her eyes twinkled with amusement. 2. There was an amused twinkle in her eyes. 3. Planets seem to twinkle less 4. He looked at Eva with a merry twinkle.
Work in pairs. Translate the following into Chinese.
1. To create a virtual application pattern, navigate to Patterns virtual application and click the green + icon. 要建立一个虚拟应用模式，请导航到Patterns virtual application 并单击绿色+图标。
Active reading 1: Resources
super-hot
s➢ Work in pairs. Brainstorm the super + adj. and super + noun collocations.
Active reading 1: Resources
Active reading 1: Resources
deceive
v. to cause to believe sth. that is false; play a trick on; mislead on purpose Work in pairs. Translate the following into Chinese. Honeyed words may deceive people for some time, but cannot stand the test of time and practice.
Capricorn (24 Oct – 22 Nov)
Aquarius (21Jan – 19 Feb)
Pisces (20 Feb – 20 Mar)
狮子座 处女座 天秤座 天蝎座 射手座 摩羯座 水瓶座 双鱼座
Active reading 1: Resources
navigate
v. to direct or control the course of (a ship, aircraft, etc); to sail over
家庭的独苗儿
More
Active reading 1: Resources
look down on
to think that you are better or more important than someone else, or think that something is not good enough for you
➢ Work in pairs. Translate the following into English.
几乎每天都有父母吐 槽，这些孩子看了又 看那些电视广告 (commercials)，结 果他们都去买了那些 他们用不着的商品。
Active reading 1: Resources
constellation