初中英语代词讲义 (8.21)

代词讲义一．人称代词

1. 形式人称代词的五种基本形式：

人称单复数主格宾格形容词性

物主代词

名词性

物主代词

反身代词

第一人称单数复数

第二人称单数复数

第三

人称

单数

复数

2. 几个人称代词连用时的位置关系：

1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：

第二人称－> 第三人称－> 第一人称：you －> he/she/it -> I

You, he and I should return on time.

2) 复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：

第一人称－> 第二人称－> 第三人称：we －> you －> They 注意：在下列情况中，第一人称放在前面。

a. 在承认错误，承担责任时，

It was I and John that made her angry.是我和约翰惹她生气了。

b. 在长辈对晚辈,长官对下属说话时，如长官为第一人称，

如：I and you try to finish it.

c. 并列主语只有第一人称和第三人称时，

d. 当其他人称代词或名词被定语从句修饰时。

3. 名词性物主代词用作主语时，主谓一致关系：名词性物主代词用作主语时，其后的谓语动词形式应同它所代换的名词形式保持一致。

e.g My shoes are cheap. But his _____ expensive.

A. is

B. are

C. be

D. am

4. 反身代词的正确写法（单复数的判断）以及所属关系的表示：

（1）在使用反身代词时，应注意根据句中的某些词语推断其单复数形式，并注意其正确写法。

e.g Please help _____ to some cakes, children.

A. you

B. yourself

C. yourselves

D. your

“help yourself to some…”是一个固定句式（意为“请随便吃点……”），我们可根据children认定对象为复数。）

（2）在说明“某人自己的”时，不能用反身代词加所有格符号表示，而应用“形容词性物主代词+own+名词”表示。

e.g 错：He drove himself’s car to go camping last Sunday.

对：He drove his own car to go camping last Sunday.

5. 双重所有格：在“数词+名词+of+人称代词”这样的词组中，人称代词应使用名词性物主代词，同of一起构成双重所有格形式。

e.g 错：Lucy is a good friend of me.

对：Lucy is a good friend of mine.

三、不定代词

考虑表示“两者”还是“两者以上”：选用不定代词时，首先应根据上下文的关联以及句中某个关键词语对不定代词的限制，考虑其说明“两者”还是“两者以上”的人或物。

如说明“两者”，选用both、either、each或neither。

如说明“两者以上”，选用all、（every）、each或none。

e.g. The twin sisters are both good at math.

None of the students in our class wants to go there.

考虑表示肯定还是否定：选用不定代词时，还应根据句子意义考虑应该使用表肯定的词语还是表否定的词语。

如说明肯定，使用all、both、either、each或（every）。

如说明否定，使用neither或none。

e.g. None of us wants more because we are all full.

other：形容词，其后可带复数名词，如带单数可数名词，其前应加上适当的限定词；another：限定词，其后带单数可数名词；代词，代换上文中提及的可数名词（单数，泛指）；the other：限定词，其后可带名词；代词，代换上文中提及的可数名词（单数，定指）；others：代词，其后不能带名词，代换上文中提及的可数名词（复数，泛指）；

the others：代词，其后不能带名词，代换上文中提及的可数名词（复数，定指）；

注意：限定词同名词之间只能使用other。

两个句式的用法

（1）one … the other …一个……另一个

注意：使用该句式时，其前应出现说明具体数量的数词two；如出现的数词大于two，one 可以根据实际情况调整成其它数词；如出现的数词减去one或调整后的数词后仍大于“1”时，the other应变为the others或“the other + 数词”（两个数词相加应等于所给数词）。

e.g There are two apples here. One is for you, the other is for your sister.

There are five apples here. Two are for you, the others are for your sister.

There are five apples here. Two are for you, the other three are for your sister. （2）some … others …一些……另一些

代词专项练习

( ) 1. Open the door, please! It’s .

A. I

B. my

C. me

D. mine

( ) 2. ______ have known each other for 15 years.

A. He and I

B. I and He

C. You and him

D. You and me

( ) 3. He lost his book. Will you lend him _________.

A. you

B. your

C. yours

D. yourself

( ) 4. Won’t you let________ help you?

A. I and my friend

B. my friend and I

C. my friend and me

D. me and he ( ) 5. “Here is a pair which fits”. “Could I _________?”

A. put it on

B. try on them

C. put on them

D. try them on

( ) 6. That’s not________, it is ________. I made it ________.

A. yours, her, myself

B. yours, mine, myself

C. yours, my, myself

D. you, mine, my ( ) 7. The sentence_________ is not wrong.

A. himself

B. myself

C. it

D. itself

( ) 8. The girl dresses_________ when she gets up.

A. her

B. she

C. himself

D. herself

( ) 9. _________ these girls do you know?

A. Who are

B. Which of

C. What

D. How many

( ) 10. ________ is he? He is an economist.

A. Who

B. Whom

C. What

D. Which

( ) 11. Our feeling was_________.

A. the same as they

B. same as they

C. the same as theirs

D. same as theirs ( ) 12. Who is that boy? _________.

A. He is a student

B. He is a worker He is her brother D. He is tall

( )13. This dinning chair is different from________.

A. ones

B. your

C. that one

D. that

( )14. The population of Shanghai is larger than ________ of Nanjing.

A. that

B. one

C. this

D. those

( ) 15. Everyone should be careful of ________ pronunciation.

A. their

B. ones

C. our

D. his

( ) 16. There isn’t________ work for you to do.

A. some

B. any

C. a

D. one

( ) 17. Why not try________ local dishes in a downtown restaurant?

A. some

B. any

C. many

D. a little

( ) 18. He often helped others; he never thought of _______.

A. myself

B. him

C. himself

D. me

( ) 19. You like this but I like_________.

A. this

B. these

C. those

D. that

( ) 20. ________ hat is this?

A. Who’s

B. Whose

C. Whom

D. Who

( ) 21. I invited Tom and Jane to dinner, but_______ of them came.

A. neither

B. either

C. both

D. none

( ) 22. Is________ here? No, Xiao Wang is in the library.