高考英语二轮复习 专题02 代词教学案(含解析)

专题02 代词

高考对代词的考查主要涉及在给定的上下文中运用代词的能力，以及对不定代词和替代词的考查。命题主要出现在单项填空、完形填空、语法填空、短文改错等题型中，侧重于在具体语境中考查各种代词之间的区别。其考点主要包括：

1．考查替代词的用法。常考的替代词有one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those, it等。

2．考查不定代词的用法。常考的不定代词有any，some，all，none，other，another, every, nothing等。

3．考查反身代词的用法。常考的反身代词有myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, themselves等。

4．考查it的用法。it作形式主语、形式宾语的用法； it的实指用法； it的虚指用法，如：can help it, put it, catch it, come it, make it, see to it that等。

一：both，all，either，each，every，neither，none的用法

1．both，either，neither用于两者。both意为“两者都”；either意为“两者中的任何一个”；neither意为“两者中的任何一个都不”。如：

Both the boys are clever.两个男孩每个都很聪明。

Either of the two boys is clever.两个男孩都很聪明。

Neither of the two boys is clever.两个男孩都不聪明。

2．all，none，each，every用于多者。all意为“全部都”，指可数的东西时为复数，指不可数的东西时为单数；none意为“全都不，任何一个都不”，指可数的东西时可为单数或复数，指不可数的东西时为单数；each和every意为“每一个”，为单数，两者都能作定语用，但each还可作主语、宾语和同位语。

All of the students are there.

All (of) the milk is there.

Every student in our school works hard.

我们学校的学生都很用功。

Each student may have an e­dictionary./Each of the students has an

e­dictionary./The students each have an e­dictionary.

每个学生都可有一本电子词典。

二：some和any的用法

1．表示“一些”时，some常用于肯定句；any常用于否定、疑问或条件句中。如：If you have any questions, please ask me.

2．在疑问句中可用some，表示希望得到对方肯定的回答。如：

Would you like some coffee?

3．some可接单数名词表示“某一个”；any可接单数名词表示“任何一个”。如：

I remember having read this article in some magazine.

Here are three novels.You may read any.

三：复合不定代词的用法

由some，any，no，every加上­body，­one，­thing构成的不定代词，叫复合不定代词。

1．some构成的不定代词一般用于肯定句，意为“某人或某物，重要的人或事”。如：Somebody is waiting outside.

I have something for you.

She thinks she's something since she won the prize.

获奖之后，她觉得自己了不起了。

2．any构成的不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中，意为“随便某个人或物，无论什么人或物，什么人或物都可以”。如：

Does anybody else want to go?

There isn't anything in the box.

If anyone wants to go on the trip, register here please!

有时也用于肯定句中表示“任何人或物”。如：

Anybody can work out that simple maths problem.

You can take anything you like.

3．no构成的不定代词意为“没什么人或物”。如：

I know nothing about it.

There is nobody here.

4．every构成的不定代词意为“一切人或物，每个人或物”。everything还可表示“最重要的人或物”。如：

Everybody enjoyed themselves on vacation.

She does everything to help her mother.

Her son is everything to her.

对她来说儿子就是一切。

四：the other，other，another，others，the others的区别

He is willing to help others/other people.

Twenty of the students in our class have been to Beijing. The other students/The others have not.

Some of us like football, and others are fond of basketball.

We need another five chairs/five more chairs.

五：none，

no one，nobody，nothing的区别