医学拉丁语课本

More Practice:
cito
cancer natrium caput nasus os auris kalium tabella corpus manus oculus pes
二合元音(diphthong)：
ae [e]
haema capsulae caecum aether (aër) oe [e] oedema amoeba coena (benzoë) au [au] aurum auris causa eu [eu] pleura pneumonia pharmaceuticus (rhe/um)
Examples:
Syrupus Aurantii Syrupus Glycyrrhizae Oleum Menthare
英语中很多前缀或后缀来自拉丁语或希腊语：
anti
antibody; antibiotics monomonologue; monotone; mononuclear polypolyuria; polycyclic; polyangular hyperhypertension; hyperthyroidism hypohypothermia; hypoglycemia -scopy gastroscopy; laparoscopy -gram electrocardiogram
Examples:
Aqua Menthae Tinctura Menthae Herba Menthae
Pilulae Aloës
Massa Pilularum Tinctura Gentianae
Mistura Glycyrrhizae
Tabellae Glycyrrhizae
性(gender)、数(number)、格(case)：
性(genus): Masculinum Femininum Neutrum 数(numerus): Singularis Pluralis
(masculine) m. 阳性 (feminine) f. 阴性 (neuter) n. 中性 (singular) (plural) sing. plu.
Note: the pronunciation of “c”.
二合辅音(combined consonant)：
ch [k]
chloridum chlorutus saccharum ph [f] camphora phosphas lympha rh [r] rheum rhinitis rhumtismus th [t] mentha therapia
Case:
格(casus)
第一格(nominative) 第二格(genitive) 第三格(dative) 第四格(objective) 第五格(ablative) 第六格(vocative) Nominativus (主格) Genetivus (属格) Dativus (与格) Accusativus (受格) Ablativus (夺格) Vocativus (呼格) medicus medici medico medicum medico medice
长音macron(倒数第二个音节the last syllable but one ）：
1. 二合元音(diphthong)： diarrhoea 2. 两个辅音前的元音(the vowel before the two consonants)： belladonna，oculentum 3. 以下列词尾结尾的单词(the words with the ending as follows)： -urus, -ura, -urum: tinctura -inus, -ina, inum: medicina penicillinum -alis, -ale: digitalis -atus, -ata, -atum: bromatus -osus, -osa, osum: nitrosus -olum, -onum: phelonum
英语常见的缩写词源于拉丁：
e.g.
exempli gratia (for example)
i.e.
id est (that is) etc. et cetera (and so on)
拉丁字母
ABCDEFG HIJKLMNOP
Q R S T
U V W
XYZ
abcdefg
hijklmnop
II. Pronunciations of “q”: [ku] aqua liquor quinque
III. “s” [z] A. dosis glucosum nasus B. gargarisma plasma IV. “ti” [ts] solutio injectio [t] ostium mixtio
Vocabularies:
aqua, -ae, f. (water) massa, -ae, f. (mass) tabella, ae, f. (tablet) aloë, -ës, f. (aloe) atropina, -ae, f. (atropine) gentiana, ae, f. (gentian) glycyrrhiza, -ae, f. (glycyrrhiza) herba, -ae, f. (herb)
第二变格法 (the 2nd changing form of the noun case)：
syrupus, -i, m.
case Sing. Plur.
nominative
genitive
syrupus
syrup-i
syrup-i
syrup-orum
acidum, -i, n.
case nominative genitive Sing. acidum acid-i Plur. acid-a acid-orum
Of, relating to, or belonging to a case of the subject of a finite verb (as I in marks the recipient of action and is used with prepositions or other function Of, relating to, or ) indicating separation, with possession, a sometimes Of, relating to, orletter being ofawords that expressesthe subject ofmeasurement, or wrote the designating case of a noun, pronoun, adjective, or participle aI grammatical caseand the case identified direction away from, copula, such words corresponding used to indicate the person or for. being addressed. in and a as a direct object meaning to English toof certain prepositions. that is thepredicateand of verb of childrenverbs. thing source. grammatical case theaobjector the objectin These are his children ). nominative (as certain manner or agency,
Vocabularies:
ricinus, -i, m.
(castor-oil plant) syrupus, -i, m. (syrup) jodum, -i, n. (iodine) oleum, -i, n. (oil) natrium, -i, n. (natrium, sodium) aurantium, -i, nΒιβλιοθήκη Baidu (aurantium, orange peel) emplastrum, -i, n. (emplastrum) extractum, -i, n. (extractant)
qrst uvw
xyz
元音： a e i o u y 二合元音： ae, oe, au, eu 辅音： b e d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v x z 二合辅音： ch, ph, rh, th
几个辅音的特别发音：
I. The pronunciations of “c”: [ts] cera acidum glycyrrhiza caecum coena [k] cancer cortex caput contra cutaneus cum crystallus lac
短音breve (倒数第二个音节the last syllable but one）：
1. 另一个元音前(before another vowel)：
opium injectio 2. 在下列辅音前(before the following consonant )： bl, cl, dl, pl, tl; br, cr, pr, clr, tr e.g. cerebrum, millilitrum, ephedra 3.以下列词尾结尾的单词(the words with following ending): -ulus, -ula, -ulum: oculus, capsula -icus, -ica, -icum: medicus -ilis, -ile: volatilis -idus, -ida, -idum: acidum -itus: compositus
More Practice:
标出下列单词的倒数第二音节中元音的音量：
(mark the words with macro or breve on the last syllable but one) tabella 片剂tablet destillalus 脱水的dehydrated diarrhoea 腹泻diarrhea anaemia 贫血anemia decoctum 煎剂 decocts therapia 疗法therapy pancreas 胰腺pancreas systema 系统system pactoralis 胸的 thorax saccharum 糖sugar
第一变格法 (the first changing forms of the noun case)：
aqua, -ae, f. aloë , -ës, f.
case nominative genitive Sing. aqua aloë aquae aloës Plur aquae aloae aquarum aloarum
Lingua Latina Medica
医学拉丁语
医学上仍然沿用拉丁语：
药名：
digitalis penicillinum 解剖学名词： costa diaphragma 病名 carcinoma hepatitis 其它 bacterium (bacteria) television: tele [Greek: far away] videre [Latin: to see]
名词变格法(the changes of the noun cases)：
I.
-ae II. -i III. -is IV. -us V. -ei
f. m. n. m. f. n. m. n. f.
aqua, -ae f. syrupus, -i m. pulvis, -eris m. spiritus, -us m. facies, -ei f.