高中一年级英语必修一unit4单词
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• Congratulate you on your success.
•
be shocked to do sth 惧怕做某事
eg: I am shocked at the bad news.
搭配:be a shock to sb 对某人来说是一个 打击
eg: It was a real shock to me that the school would have to close.
3). at the end of: 表示“在…的尽头/末尾”
eg: My father will come home at the end of this year.
4). by the end of: 到…末为止，常与完成时态连用。 by the end of last…用于过去完成时 by the end of next…用于将来完成时
16. electricity • n. [U] 电，电力 • 拓展： • turn on/off electricity 接通/切断电源
electric adj. 用电的，电动的 electrical adj. 电的，与电有关的 electronic adj.电子的
17. disaster n. 灾难，灾祸
• Eg: I was ruined by that news.
• 拓展： bring sth to ruin 使某物毁灭
bring sb to ruin 使某人破产
9. extreme • （1）adj. 极度（大）的；严重的；
极端的；过分的
• Eg： Boys always like extreme sports • 拓展： • extremely adv.极端地; 非常，很; • Eg： My mobile phone is extremely
eg: 到上个月末为止，他在那条船上已经待了两年。 By the end of last month, he had been on that ship for two years. 到下学期末为止，我将学会3000多个英语单词。 I will have learned more than 3000 English words by the end of next term.
blood + -y = bloody 流血的 rain + -y = rainy 下雨的 cloud + -y = cloudy多云的 wind + -y = windy 多风的 snow + -y = snowy下雪的 greed + -y = greedy贪婪的 dream+-y = dreamy 幻想的 taste+ -y = tasty 美味的 ice + -y = icy冷漠的，冰的 fat + -y = fatty 肥胖的 mud+ -y = muddy泥泞的 fog + -y = foggy 有雾的 sun + -y = sunny阳光灿烂的
14. rescue （1） n. [C,U] 救援，营救；救援行动
eg: The rescue team made ten rescues in a week. （2） vt. 救援，拯救，解救 搭配：rescue sb/sth from 把……从…… （地方）解救出来
eg: They rescued the boy from the burning house.
• 2[C]（体育比赛等的）项目，赛事
• Eg: The Olympic Games are important events in the sports world.
7.as if 似乎, 好像 = as though
Eg:She spoke to me as if she knew me. • as if后还可跟名词、形容词、不定式等 • He acts as if (he was) a fool. • She left the room hurriedly as if
5. burst • ①v.（使）爆裂；（使）破裂；（使）爆炸 • Eg: The balloon suddenly burst. • ②v.猛冲；突然出现 • Eg: He burst into the room without knocking. • burst into+ n.=burst out doing sth. 突然……起来
• Eg: The fire was a great disaster.
• 拓展： natural disaster 自然灾害
•
a disaster area 灾区
18. dig out (dug) 挖出，翻找出
• Eg: Why did you dig out those old magazines?
(she was) angry. • as if 在表语从句中相当于that: • It seemed as if the meeting would
never end.
• It seemed as if the world was at an end!= It seemed that the world was at an end!
useful.
10. 辨析：injure, hurt, wound, 和harm 1.The soldier was wounded badly. 2.An accident injured his left eye. 3.Smoking seriously harmed his health.
4.I don’t want to hurt you.。
做某事是无用的
it is no good doing sth. 做某事是不好的 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is no good copy other’s homework.
13. shock
v. 使震惊；使惊愕；使难以置信
• 搭配： be shocked at 对……感到震惊
eg: 她突然笑起来。
She burst out laughing. = She burst intolaughte.r 他突然大哭起来。
He burst out crying. = He burst into tears.
6. event n. • 1 [C]（尤指涉及几个人的）事件，
大事
• Eg: That was an important historical event.
8. at an end 结束，终结 eg: 炎热的天气终于结束了。
The hot days are at last at an end. The hot days come to an end at last. be at an end = come to an end 结束
辨析：aபைடு நூலகம் an end, in the end, at the end of, by the end of
抽烟会损害你的健康。 短语：do damage to… 对…造成损害
Smoking does damage to your health.
22. frighten vt. 使惊吓，吓唬 frightened adj. 受惊的，受恐吓的 frightening adj. 令人恐惧的
短语： be frightened at… 受…惊吓 be frightened of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物
Unit4 Earthquakes
• 1.earthquake n. 地震 • earth n. 地球 quake vt. 震动，
地震
• Eg: It is reported that an earthquake broke out last night in Southeast Asia.
2. right away 立刻；马上
1). at an end: 表示“终结，结束”，与be动词连 用。
eg:The war was at an end.= The war came to an end.
2). in the end: 表示“最终，终于”，单独使用 作状语。
eg: They gave up the plan in the end. (at last)
for his age.
4. smelly adj. 有臭味的，发臭的
• Eg: His socks are smelly. • 词根：smell 可用作系动词或实义
动词，用作系动词时，意为“闻起 来”；用作实义动词时意为“闻”
• Eg: You may smell the mixture and it smells terrible.
专心于…，献身于… be lost in… 陷入…中
20. shelter n. 掩蔽，躲避处，避难，保护
短语：take shelter from… 躲避…
eg: 人们在商店躲避雨。
People took shelter from the rain in the store.
21. damage n.&vt. 损失，损害 eg: Smoking can damage your health.
19. bury vt. 埋葬，掩埋，隐藏 eg: She was buried beside her husband’s grave.
She buried her face in her hands and cried. 短语：bury oneself in…=be buried in….
专心于…， 埋首于… devote oneself to…=be devoted to…
• 同义词：
• right now= at once= in no time= immediately
• 注意：right now除表示“立刻， 马上”之外，还表示“现在，此 刻”，比now的语气强，相当于at this moment, at present，用于进 行时。
3. well • ① n. 井 • Eg: A book is a well of knowledge. • ② adj. 健康的 • Eg: I hope you will get well soon. • ③ adv. 熟练地，有效地 • Eg: He plays the piano very well
8. ruin n. [U] 毁坏；毁灭；灭亡
•
n. 倒塌的建筑物，废墟
• Eg: The castle now is in ruins.
• 注意：ruin表示“废墟，遗迹”，常用复数， 常构成in ruins，意为“严重受损，破败不 堪”，强调状态，常用作表语或状语。
• （3）v. （完全地）毁坏，毁掉；使破产
We were frightened when he fell into the river.
23.congratulation n. 祝贺；恭贺；贺 词
• 搭配： congratulations to • congratulate vt.祝贺 • 搭配：congratulate sb on sth
15. trap （1） vt. （trapped）困住，关住，使陷入危 险中 搭配：be trapped in 困在……中
eg: The car was trapped in the deep snow. （2） n. [C]陷阱；困境；圈套，诡计
eg: She had set a trap for him and he had walked straight into it.
11. track • （1）n. [C] 足迹，踪迹；轨道，跑
道
• Eg: We followed the bear’s tracks in the snow.
• （2） vt. 跟踪，追踪
• Eg: We continued tracking the bear’s track.
12. useless adj. 无用的，无效的，无价值的 • Eg: He knew it was useless to protest. • 固定句式： It is useless (no use) doing sth.
•
be shocked to do sth 惧怕做某事
eg: I am shocked at the bad news.
搭配:be a shock to sb 对某人来说是一个 打击
eg: It was a real shock to me that the school would have to close.
3). at the end of: 表示“在…的尽头/末尾”
eg: My father will come home at the end of this year.
4). by the end of: 到…末为止，常与完成时态连用。 by the end of last…用于过去完成时 by the end of next…用于将来完成时
16. electricity • n. [U] 电，电力 • 拓展： • turn on/off electricity 接通/切断电源
electric adj. 用电的，电动的 electrical adj. 电的，与电有关的 electronic adj.电子的
17. disaster n. 灾难，灾祸
• Eg: I was ruined by that news.
• 拓展： bring sth to ruin 使某物毁灭
bring sb to ruin 使某人破产
9. extreme • （1）adj. 极度（大）的；严重的；
极端的；过分的
• Eg： Boys always like extreme sports • 拓展： • extremely adv.极端地; 非常，很; • Eg： My mobile phone is extremely
eg: 到上个月末为止，他在那条船上已经待了两年。 By the end of last month, he had been on that ship for two years. 到下学期末为止，我将学会3000多个英语单词。 I will have learned more than 3000 English words by the end of next term.
blood + -y = bloody 流血的 rain + -y = rainy 下雨的 cloud + -y = cloudy多云的 wind + -y = windy 多风的 snow + -y = snowy下雪的 greed + -y = greedy贪婪的 dream+-y = dreamy 幻想的 taste+ -y = tasty 美味的 ice + -y = icy冷漠的，冰的 fat + -y = fatty 肥胖的 mud+ -y = muddy泥泞的 fog + -y = foggy 有雾的 sun + -y = sunny阳光灿烂的
14. rescue （1） n. [C,U] 救援，营救；救援行动
eg: The rescue team made ten rescues in a week. （2） vt. 救援，拯救，解救 搭配：rescue sb/sth from 把……从…… （地方）解救出来
eg: They rescued the boy from the burning house.
• 2[C]（体育比赛等的）项目，赛事
• Eg: The Olympic Games are important events in the sports world.
7.as if 似乎, 好像 = as though
Eg:She spoke to me as if she knew me. • as if后还可跟名词、形容词、不定式等 • He acts as if (he was) a fool. • She left the room hurriedly as if
5. burst • ①v.（使）爆裂；（使）破裂；（使）爆炸 • Eg: The balloon suddenly burst. • ②v.猛冲；突然出现 • Eg: He burst into the room without knocking. • burst into+ n.=burst out doing sth. 突然……起来
• Eg: The fire was a great disaster.
• 拓展： natural disaster 自然灾害
•
a disaster area 灾区
18. dig out (dug) 挖出，翻找出
• Eg: Why did you dig out those old magazines?
(she was) angry. • as if 在表语从句中相当于that: • It seemed as if the meeting would
never end.
• It seemed as if the world was at an end!= It seemed that the world was at an end!
useful.
10. 辨析：injure, hurt, wound, 和harm 1.The soldier was wounded badly. 2.An accident injured his left eye. 3.Smoking seriously harmed his health.
4.I don’t want to hurt you.。
做某事是无用的
it is no good doing sth. 做某事是不好的 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is no good copy other’s homework.
13. shock
v. 使震惊；使惊愕；使难以置信
• 搭配： be shocked at 对……感到震惊
eg: 她突然笑起来。
She burst out laughing. = She burst intolaughte.r 他突然大哭起来。
He burst out crying. = He burst into tears.
6. event n. • 1 [C]（尤指涉及几个人的）事件，
大事
• Eg: That was an important historical event.
8. at an end 结束，终结 eg: 炎热的天气终于结束了。
The hot days are at last at an end. The hot days come to an end at last. be at an end = come to an end 结束
辨析：aபைடு நூலகம் an end, in the end, at the end of, by the end of
抽烟会损害你的健康。 短语：do damage to… 对…造成损害
Smoking does damage to your health.
22. frighten vt. 使惊吓，吓唬 frightened adj. 受惊的，受恐吓的 frightening adj. 令人恐惧的
短语： be frightened at… 受…惊吓 be frightened of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物
Unit4 Earthquakes
• 1.earthquake n. 地震 • earth n. 地球 quake vt. 震动，
地震
• Eg: It is reported that an earthquake broke out last night in Southeast Asia.
2. right away 立刻；马上
1). at an end: 表示“终结，结束”，与be动词连 用。
eg:The war was at an end.= The war came to an end.
2). in the end: 表示“最终，终于”，单独使用 作状语。
eg: They gave up the plan in the end. (at last)
for his age.
4. smelly adj. 有臭味的，发臭的
• Eg: His socks are smelly. • 词根：smell 可用作系动词或实义
动词，用作系动词时，意为“闻起 来”；用作实义动词时意为“闻”
• Eg: You may smell the mixture and it smells terrible.
专心于…，献身于… be lost in… 陷入…中
20. shelter n. 掩蔽，躲避处，避难，保护
短语：take shelter from… 躲避…
eg: 人们在商店躲避雨。
People took shelter from the rain in the store.
21. damage n.&vt. 损失，损害 eg: Smoking can damage your health.
19. bury vt. 埋葬，掩埋，隐藏 eg: She was buried beside her husband’s grave.
She buried her face in her hands and cried. 短语：bury oneself in…=be buried in….
专心于…， 埋首于… devote oneself to…=be devoted to…
• 同义词：
• right now= at once= in no time= immediately
• 注意：right now除表示“立刻， 马上”之外，还表示“现在，此 刻”，比now的语气强，相当于at this moment, at present，用于进 行时。
3. well • ① n. 井 • Eg: A book is a well of knowledge. • ② adj. 健康的 • Eg: I hope you will get well soon. • ③ adv. 熟练地，有效地 • Eg: He plays the piano very well
8. ruin n. [U] 毁坏；毁灭；灭亡
•
n. 倒塌的建筑物，废墟
• Eg: The castle now is in ruins.
• 注意：ruin表示“废墟，遗迹”，常用复数， 常构成in ruins，意为“严重受损，破败不 堪”，强调状态，常用作表语或状语。
• （3）v. （完全地）毁坏，毁掉；使破产
We were frightened when he fell into the river.
23.congratulation n. 祝贺；恭贺；贺 词
• 搭配： congratulations to • congratulate vt.祝贺 • 搭配：congratulate sb on sth
15. trap （1） vt. （trapped）困住，关住，使陷入危 险中 搭配：be trapped in 困在……中
eg: The car was trapped in the deep snow. （2） n. [C]陷阱；困境；圈套，诡计
eg: She had set a trap for him and he had walked straight into it.
11. track • （1）n. [C] 足迹，踪迹；轨道，跑
道
• Eg: We followed the bear’s tracks in the snow.
• （2） vt. 跟踪，追踪
• Eg: We continued tracking the bear’s track.
12. useless adj. 无用的，无效的，无价值的 • Eg: He knew it was useless to protest. • 固定句式： It is useless (no use) doing sth.