英美文学名词解释

1.Allegory (寓言)

A tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities.

寓言，讽喻：一种文学、戏剧或绘画的艺术手法，其中人物和事件代表抽象的观点、原则或支配力。

2.Alliteration (头韵)

Alliteration is the repetition of the same initial consonant sound within a line or a group of words.

头韵：在一组词的开头或重读音节中对相同辅音或不同元音的重复。

3.Allusion (典故)

A reference to a person, a place, an event, or a literary work that a writer expects the reader to recognize and respond to.

典故：作者对某些读者熟悉并能够作出反映的特定人物，地点，事件，文学作品的引用。

4.Analogy (类比)

A comparison made between two things to show the similarities between them.

类比：为了在两个事物之间找出差别而进行的比较。

5. Antagonist (反面主角)

The principal character in opposition to the protagonist or hero or heroine of a narrative or drama.

反面主角：叙事文学或戏剧中与男女主人公或英雄相对立的主要人物。

6. Antithesis (对仗)

The balancing of two contrasting ideas, words, or sentences.

对仗：两组相对的思想，言辞，词句的平衡。

7. Aphorism (警句)

A concise, pointed statement expressing a wise or clever observation about life.

警句：蕴含关于人生真理的明智的看法的精练的语句。

8. Aside (旁白)

A piece of dialogue intended for the audience and supposedly not heard by other actors on stage.

旁白：只说给观众而认为不会让台上其他演员听到的一段对话。

9.Apostrophe (呼语)

The direct address of an absent or imaginary person or of a personified abstraction, especially as a digression in the course of a speech or composition.

呼语：直接称呼不在场或虚构的人物或称呼拟人的事物，尤指作为演讲或作文过程中的离题话。

10.Assonance (类韵)

The repetition of similar vowel sounds, especially in poetry.

类音，类韵：相同或相似元音的重复，尤其指在诗歌中的重复。

11.Atmosphere (氛围)

The prevailing mood or feeling of a literary work.

12. Autobiography (自传)

A person‘s account of his or her own life.

13. Ballad (民谣)

A narrative poem, often of folk origin and intended to be sung.

14. Ballad Stanza (民谣诗节)

A type of four-line stanza, the first and the third lines have four stressed words or syllables; the second and fourth lines have three stresses.

15. Biography (传记)

A detailed account of a person‘s life written by another person.

传记：由他人篆写的关于某人生平的详细记录。

16.Blank Verse (无韵体诗)

Verse written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.

17. Caesura (休止)

A break or pause in a line of poetry.

18. Canto (章)

One of the principal divisions of a long poem..

诗章：一首长诗的主要部分之一。

19. Caricature (夸张讽刺)

The use of exaggeration or distortion to make a figure appear comic or ridiculous.

夸张讽刺：为了使文中的人物显得可笑而使用的夸张或扭曲人物形象的手法。

20. Characterization (人物刻画)

The means by which a writer reveals the personality of a character.

人物刻画：作者表现作品中人物性格的方法。

21. Classicism (古典主义)

A movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome.

古典主义：一种在文学，艺术，音乐领域体现古代希腊，罗马风格的运动。

22. Climax (高潮)

The point of greatest intensity, interest, or suspense in a narrative.