汽车电磁涡流减震器力学性能研究

单位代码：10359 学号： 201111030156 密级：公开

分类号：U463.33+5

Hefei University of Technology 硕士学位论文

MASTER’S DISSERTATION

论文题目：汽车电磁涡流减震器力学性能研究学位类别：学历硕士

专业名称：机械设计及理论

作者姓名：胡冲

导师姓名：田杰教授

完成时间：2014年04月

合肥工业大学

学历硕士学位论文

汽车电磁涡流减震器力学性能研究

作者姓名：胡冲

指导教师：田杰教授

学科专业：机械设计及理论

研究方向：数字化设计及现代设计理论

2014年4月

A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master

Research the mechanical properties of automotive electromagnetic eddy current damper

By

Hu Chong

Hefei University of Technology

Hefei，Anhui，P.R.China

April，2014

三年的研究生生活即将结束，三年的学习和生活充满乐趣和让我感到充实。合肥工业大学以其严谨笃实的教学氛围和兼容并蓄的人文环境，促使我快速成长，衷心感谢合肥工业大学给予我的一切。回想求学之路，既有快乐也有艰辛，特别是论文的完成过程包含了很多人的付出和帮助。在此对给与我关心和关怀的师长、同学、家人致以诚挚的感谢。

首先感谢我的指导老师田老师，田老师严格务实的治学态度、平易近人的人格魅力、精益求精的工作作风对我影响深远。本课题从开题到论文定稿，遇到很多困难，每一步都离不开田老师悉心指导。特别是在一些决断性的选择中给予了我真切的关怀。论文的后期修改田老师也倾注大量心血和耐心的指导，我向田老师表示深切的谢意。

其次同实验室的老师和同学也给予了莫大的帮助，特别是张晔教授给与了我论文修改中很多宝贵意见，在此表示诚挚谢意。实验室师兄弟在生活中相互照应、相互学习、相互帮助让我能愉快的学习和生活。

最后要感谢我的家人和朋友，是你们的关心和支持才让我顺利的走过风风雨雨，让我更好的学习和生活。

作者：胡冲

2014年4月4日

随着经济和社会的不断发展，人民生活水平的提高，汽车作为不可或缺的消费品正在逐步走向普通人的生活，人们对汽车的舒适性也提出了更高要求。影响汽车舒适性的重要因素是振动，减震器通过衰减汽车由于自身振动和路面激励产生的能量来减小与消除振动，减震器阻尼特性通常用阻力-位移曲线和阻力-速度曲线来表征，它是影响减震器性能的主要特征。我国的减震器生产和设计还处于模仿阶段，很少有企业能独立设计和生产高品质的减震器，大量的都是依靠国外的技术和标准。对减震器阻力特性的测试还是通过传统的台架试验完成，虽然能真实地逼近实际工况，但是此过程耗费大量时间、人力和物力。提高减震器设计能力降低测试成本是本课题的任务。

本课题研究的电磁涡流减震器是减震器研究的前沿领域，电磁涡流减震器阻力特性分析的方法不同于传统的分析方法。依托Matlab软件的强大计算能力和仿真模块，通过自行建立详细物理模型来对电磁涡流减震器阻力特性进行研究。针对电磁涡流减震器计算模型，在Matlab软件环境下编程计算，运用Ansoft软件的电磁有限元分析模块，计算电磁涡流减震器的磁场分布和阻尼力大小，能够更加直观的对比结果。通过一系列的结果对比，证实仿真系统的结果和实验以及有限元分析结果达到了较高的精确度，能满足企业的工程需要。进而将此分析过程通过Matlab的GUI模块形成一套简便的仿真系统指导企业的设计和生产。

关键词：电磁涡流减震器；仿真系统；阻尼特性

ABSTRACT

With the continuous development of economy and society，people's living standards have improved，cars as an indispensible part of consumer goods grudgingly go into people's ordinary life. As for a man，vehicle comfort also put forward higher requirements. Vibration is an important factor that affect vehicle comfort. Shock absorber damps energy so as to reduce or eliminate the shack ，which is caused by vibrating itself and the road excitation. The damping character of shock absorber，which is featured regularly through the resistance-displacement curves and resistance- speed curve，and it is the main character that affect the performance of shock absorber. The production and design of shock absorber in our country are still in the imitation stage，few companies can independently design and manufacture dampers with high quality，a large number of companies are still relying on foreign technologies and their standards. The test of resistance character of shock absorber is completed through the traditional bench test. It is really close to the actual working condition，but this process takes a lot of time，manpower and material resources. Improving design ability of shock absorber and reducing the cost of test are the mission of my paper.

This topic studies the electromagnetic damper，which is the field of preface of shock absorber research，and differs from the traditional hydraulic pressure，air shock absorbers，the methods for the analysis of electromagnetic damping character are different from traditional analysis methods. Relying on the powerful computing power and simulation module of software Matlab，electromagnetic damper resistance character can be studied by establishing precious physical models. Aiming at calculation model of electromagnetic damper，it can be programmed and caculated in Matlab software environment also can applied to electromagnetic finite element analysis in software Ansoft，computer magnetic field distribution and the size of the damping force，It could be more intuitive to compare results. Through a series of comparisions of the results，it can be verified that the results and experiment of the simulation system and the results of finite element analysis have reached a higher precision，and could meet the needs of the enterprise engineering. Moreover this analysis process forms a simple and clear secondary development on simulation system through editing the module in GUI of Matlab that guides the design and manufacture in factories.

KEYWORDS：Electromagnetic Eddy Current Dampers; Simulation system; Damping Character