直接引语改为间接引语的变化

直接引语改为间接引语的变化

1.人称的变化。其规律为：一从主，二从宾，三不变。具体为：

（1）如果直接引语的主语是第一人称，变化时，该人称与主句的主语保持一致。

如：Mary said, “I want to forget the past.”→

Mary said (that)she wanted to forget the past.

（2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变化时，该人称与主句的宾语保持一致。

如：He said to me,“Do you want to ask about the lab?” →

He asked me if I wanted to ask about the lab.

（3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称，变化时，该人称保持不变。

如：Jim said ,“They are going to do their homework..”→

Jim said (that) they were going to do their homework.

2.时态的变化。

（1）如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句原有时态保持不变。

如：Mary says,“I w ent to see the movie yesterday.”

→Mary says that she went to see the movie yesterday.”

（2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态会有以下变化(科学事实、自然规律除外)。

a.一般现在时→一般过去时

b.一般将来时→过去将来时

c.现在进行时→过去进行时

d.一般过去时→过去完成时

e.现在完成时→过去完成时。也就是说要落后一个时态。

3.直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及动词都会发生相应的变化，变化见下表。

4.各种句型的直接引语改为间接引语的方法。

（1）.陈述句改为间接引语时，常用动词said, told，连词that,多被省略。

如：Ben said, “I won’t go to Marcia’s house on Friday night.”→

Ben said (that)he wouldn’t go to Marcia’s house on Friday night.

Lana said to me,“I’m not mad at you anymore.” →

Lana told me(that)she wasn’t mad at me anymore.

（2）.一般疑问句常用if或whether来将其改为间接引语（选择疑问句只能用whether），

常用ask来引述，可以加间接宾语。语序为陈述语序。

如：She said,“Could I copy your homework?” →

She asked (me)if/whether she could copy my homework.

She said,“Is this book yours or hers?” →

She asked(me)whether that book was mine or hers.

（3）.特殊疑问句的间接引语，仍由原来的特殊疑问词引导。语序用陈述语序。

如：She said,“Why don’t you think it is a good idea?” →

She asked why I didn’t think it was a good idea.

（4）.祈使句时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词。如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面加上not。

其句型是：tell/ask/order someone (not)to do sth。如，

He said to Tom,“Don’t do the work anymore.” →

He told Tom not to do the work anymore.

She said to us,“Please have a rest.” →

She asked us to have a rest.

.将下列直接引语变为间接引语。

1.Mary said,“I am proud of my class.”

Mary said that _____ _____ proud of her class.

2.J ohn said,“This is my bedroom.”

John said that _____ _____ his bedroom.

3.Miss Gao said,“I like living here.”

Miss Gao said that _____ _____ living ____. .

4.He said,“I’ll go tomorrow.”

He said that ____ ______ go _____ _____ ____. .

5.My mother said：“I am going to make dumplings”.__________________________.

6.She said：“I do homework every day.”____________________________________.

7.He said：“I will play basketball this night.”_________________________________.

8. She said, “ Do you often come here to read newspaper? ”______________________.

9. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked. ____________________________

10. He asked, “Where do you live?” __________________________.

11. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked. ____________________________

12. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? _____________________________

13. Our teacher told us in class,” The sun rises in the east. “_______________________

14. Mum said to me ,”Wash your hands.” _____________________________