高考英语一轮总复习 语法专项突破 考点精讲 第十节 并列连词和状语从句(1)

第十节并列连词和状语从句

(对应学生用书第265页)

考点一并列连词的用法

1．表递进或顺承关系：and，not only ...but also ...，not ...but ...等。

She not only plays well，but also writes music.

她不仅演奏得很好，而且还会作曲。

2．表选择关系：or，either ...or ...等。

Either you leave this house or I'll call the police. 你要不离开这座房子，我就去叫警察来。

3．表转折关系：but，yet等。

Several people were passing but nobody offered to help.有几个人擦肩而过，却没有人提供帮助。

4．表因果关系：so，for等。

The shops were closed so I didn't get any milk.

商店都关门了，因此我没买到牛奶。

5．when作并列连词时意为“就在这个时候”。

We were having a meeting when someone broke in.

我们正在开会，这时有人闯了进来。

6．while作并列连词时意为“而，却”，表示对比。

Some men were rich, while others are poor.

一些人富有，而其他人贫穷。

考点二时间状语从句

1．when，while和as

(1)when从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生，从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。

When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.我住在那里时，星期天常到海滨去。

(2)while从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。

Please don't talk so loud while others are working.别人工作时，请别高声谈话。

(3)as从句的动作与主句动作交替进行或同时发生，可翻译为“随着；一边……一边……”。

He hurried home, looking behind as he went.

他匆忙回家去，一边走一边回头望。

As time went on, it's getting warmer and warmer.

随着时间的推移，天越来越暖和了。

2．till和until

在肯定句中主句谓语动词应是延续性的，而在否定句中主句谓语动词应是非延续性的；till不可位于句首，而until则可以。

You may stay here till/until the rain stops.

你可以待在这里直到雨停。

I won't see him till/until his anger has cooled down. 等他怒气消了，我再去看他。

Until you told me, I had no idea of it.

直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。

3．before和since

(1)before本意为“在……之前”，还可引申为“还未……就……，不到……就……；趁……；还没来得及……就……”。常用句型It will be＋一段时间＋before从句，意为“还要多久才……”。

We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired.

我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。

It won't be long before we meet again.

过不了多久我们就会再见面了。

(2)since意为“自从……以来”，主句用完成时。since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，常理解为某一状态的终止；若用延续性动词或状态动词，则理解为某一动作的开始。

It is three years since he came to our school.

他来我们学校已经三年了。

It is three years since he smoked.

他戒烟已经三年了。

4．as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment/minute/instant，no sooner ...than ...，hardly/scarcely ...when ...等都可引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。

The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.这个男孩一看到他妈妈就放声大哭。

No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.我们一到车站，火车就离站了。

5．the first time，every/each time，next time等也可引导时间状语从句，表示“第一次；每一次；下一次”等。

Every time I was in trouble, he would come to help me.每次我处于困境，他就会来帮助我。

考点三地点状语从句

1．通常由where或wherever引导，可位于主句前或主句后，在句首时常含有抽象意味。

They offered to go where there were difficulties. 他们表示愿意到艰苦的地方去。

You are free to go wherever you like.

你愿意去哪里就去哪里。

2．注意区分where引导的状语从句与定语从句

You'd better make a mark where you have any questions.(状语从句)

＝You'd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.(定语从句)

你最好在有问题的地方做一下标记。

考点四条件状语从句

引导条件状语从句的连词有：if，unless(如果不；除非)，as/so long as(只要)，suppose/supposing (that)(倘若；如果)，provided/providing (that)(倘若；如果)，on condition that(条件是)等。

Unless he studies hard, he will never pass the examination. 他如果不努力学习，