医学英语词根词缀大全

医学英语词根词缀

Suffix Meaning Example

-ac pertaining to

属于，关于cardiac: pertaining to the heart 心脏（病）的

-al pertaining to medical: pertaining to medicine

-ar pertaining to molecular: pertaining to a molecule

分子的

-ary pertaining to

belonging to ciliary: pertaining to the cilia 睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的

-ase enzyme 酶amylase: any enzyme that converts

starch to sugar 淀粉酶

-cle smallness

小,少,贫乏,小气follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊,(头发的)毛囊

-e an instrument 仪器auriscope: an instrument for

examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜-eal pertaining to laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx

喉的, 喉音的

-ia condition; quality phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕

-ic pertaining to toxic: pertaining to toxin

有毒的；因中毒引起的

-ics study of; name of a science

p aediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学

-ine/in substance 物质 insulin ：substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas 胰岛素 -ism

process or condition alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒 -ist

one who specializes in 精通于……的人 pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家 -itis

inflammation refers to a part in ……部位的炎症 rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎 -(i)um

relation to a whole; related to 与……相关 endometrium: inner lining of the uter 子宫内膜 -ive

characterizes by antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing 止咳药 -let

tiny; small droplet: a tiny drop 小滴 -ment the result or product of an d evelopment: thing which develops or

is being developed; action of becoming

action

mature -oid resembling; like

像

mucoid: resembling mucus 粘液样的 -ole little; small centriole: the small dense structure

in the middle of the centrosome

细胞中心粒；中心体

-oma tumor; swelling refers to a doer dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the

skin

皮肤纤维瘤

-or/-er either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending that

responds to various stimuli 感受器，

受体

-ory characterized by; pertaining to

suspensory: which is hanging down

悬吊式，悬带

-ose sugar fructose: fruits sugar found in honey

and some fruit 果糖

-osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis: abnormal condition

of a hidden nail 嵌甲

-ous pertaining to poisonous: pertaining to poison; also

containing poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的

-somes bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid

核糖体

-um structure; thing; substance m agnesium: a white metallic chemical

结构，物质

substance 镁（金属元素） -y condition; act; process dystrophy:

disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 营

养不良 The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes Suffix

Meaning Example -algia

pain; painful; condition arthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛 --ase

enzyme protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶 -blast embryo 胚，胚胎，人类胚胎 hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，

原始血细胞

-carcinom a

malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤

adenocarcinoma:

malignant tumor developing from glandular tissue 腺癌 -cele protrusion; distention 突出；膨胀，延伸 esophagocele: abnormal distention of

the esophagus 食管突出

-centesis surgical puncture 手术穿孔 p aracentesis: surgical puncture of a

cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿

刺术

-capnia carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血

液二氧化碳缺乏

-cide kill germicide: (substance) which can kill

germs

杀菌剂

-clast cell phagocyte:cell, especially a white

blood cell, which can surround and