第一讲 定语从句

在从句中作状语， 在从句中作状语，从句不能缺主语或宾语
that与which:
用that或which 填空： 填空：
1. 2. 3. 4. There’s much ______ can be said about it. that That’s the very word ______ is wrongly used. that which Is this the room in ______ Mr White lives? This is the third film ______ that has been shown in our school that this term. 5. The most important thing ______ should be done now is how to that stop him from going on. 6. Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two ______ are still alive. that 7. Her mother was dead, ______ made her very sad. which 8. Here is the English grammar ______, as I have told you, will which help improve your English. 9. Let me show you the novel ___________ I borrowed from the that /which library __________________ was newly open to us. which /that that 10.The writer and his novel ______ you have just talked about are really well known.
）
Conclusion: 当主句完整，从句不缺主语或宾语时： 1. 如果从句前有可以修饰的名词，并且此先行名词为： ☻表地点、时间的名词 ——从句为由where或when 引导的定语从句，此时可等于 相应的介词+which ☻question/ problem/ idea —— 从句为疑问副词引导的同位语从句 ☻其它名词，并且引导词后紧接一个与先行名词构成所属关系 ——从句为由whose或of whom/ which 引导的定语从句 ☻其它名词 ——从句为由介词+关系代词whom/which 的定语从句 2. 如果从句前没有可修饰的名词，则可考虑从句为状语从句。
Conclusion: 以下情况只能用who: • 先行词为one, ones, anyone, those 指人时。 • 在there be结构中，主语为人时，其后的定语从句宜用who。 • 表人的先行词有较长的后置定语时。 • 表人的先行词带有两个定语从句，其中一个的关系代词为that， 另一个用who 避免重复。 以下情况只能用whom: 当关系代词前面有介词时。
Conclusion: 1. whose既可指人又可指物，在从句中作定语，其后紧跟名词。 2. whose +表人的名词＝of whom + the + 表人的名词 whose +表物的名词＝of which + the + 表物的名词
介词＋关系代词 介词＋ 用正确的介词＋关系代词填空： 用正确的介词＋关系代词填空：
用when, where 或介词+关系代词填空，并判断下面从句的类型： 关系代词填空，并判断下面从句的类型：
whose 1. These books are for the students _____________ native language is not English.（定语从句 ） （ when/ during which 2. We will put off the picnic until next week, __________________ the weather may be better. （ 定语从句 ） 3. He has reached the point _______________ a change is needed. where/ at which （ 定语从句 ） where 4. We haven’t yet settled the question _____________ we are going to spend our summer vacation. Maybe Beijing is our best choice.
高三英语语法复习
定义:
用来修饰一个词的＿＿＿ 在语法上叫定语从句。这个被 句子 先行词 后面 修饰的词叫＿＿＿＿＿。定语从句须放在被修饰词的＿＿＿。
分类： 分类：
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 定语从句分为＿＿＿＿＿＿＿和＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。明显的区别是 非限制性定语从句 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿的前面有逗号，但在意思上这类定语从句与主 联系不紧密， 联系不紧密，可以分割 限制性定语从句 句＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿；而＿＿＿＿＿＿＿与主句不 可分割。
Байду номын сангаас
Conclusion: 以下情况只用which: 1. 当关系代词前面有介词时。 2. 在非限制性定语从句中。 3. 当关系代词后面有插入语时。 4. 当一个表物的先行名词后有两个定语从句，且第一个已用that。 以下情况只用that: 1. 被修饰的先行词为不定代词all, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one。 2. 先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of, just, very 修饰时。 3. 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 4. 先行词为基数词时。 5. 先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。 6. 先行词既有人又有物。 7. 前已有which。
whose
用正确的形式填空： 用正确的形式填空：
1. 2. 3. 4. This is the girl _______ wallet was stolen yesterday. whose This is the girl of whom the wallet was stolen yesterday. _______ I like the book _______ cover is red. whose of which I like the book _______ the cover is red.
Conclusion: 如何判断是否需要介词或怎样选择介词： 1. 当从句不缺主语或宾语时，可考虑用介词＋关系代词。 2. 当确定用介词＋关系代词时，介词的选用可考虑与从句中动词 的搭配或与先行名词的搭配。
when、where与why
用关系代词或关系副词填空：
I still remember the day _______________ I first came to Beijing. when/ on which that/ which Is this the school _____________ you visited last week? I always remember the time _____________ we spent together. that/ which The hospital _____________ her mother is working is in the west. where/ in which He refused to give a reason _____________ we all demanded, that/ which though. why/ for which 6. I know the reason _____________ she got so angry. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ___________ she could to whom turn for help. 2. His walking-stick, ___________ he can’t walk, was lost yesterday. without which with which 3. The knife, ___________ we use to cut the bread, is very sharp. 4. I don’t think the number of people ___________ this happens is very to whom large.
（ 同位语从句 ）
5. Put in articles in the following passages _____________ it is necessary. where （ 状语从句 ） 6. We will put on a performance to celebrate the coming of National when Day tomorrow, _____________ we have finished class. （ 状语从句 ） when 7. I have no idea _____________ I’ d better visit Mr. Smith tomorrow, who is an American and has a different view of time. （同位语从句 ） 8. This is the teacher _____________ we have learnt a lot. （ 定语从句 from whom 9. The film _____________ I’m speaking is to be shown at the cinema of which next week. （ 定语从句 ）
Conclusion: 1. 当先行名词为表时间、地点、原因（reason）的名词时，如果 从句不缺主语或宾语，定语从句的引导词用when, where, why， 可以转换为相应的介词+which。 2. 常见的不及物动词有：work, happen, stay, live, lie, stand, sit, go, come, fly, run, arrive, laugh, fall, hesitate, last, belong, step; 而visit, spend 为及物动词。
that 、who与whom
用that 、who或whom填空:
who 1. The person I want to learn from is one _____ studies hard and works well. 2. There’s a gentleman _____ wants to see you. who 3. I met a foreigner in the park yesterday afternoon _____ could speak who Chinese very well. who 4. The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is the monitor _____ is very modest and works very hard. 5. I think one should stay faithful to the person to whom one is married. _____
连接词： 连接词：
关系代词 修饰 成分（从句） 省略 关系副词 修饰 成分（从句） 省略 which 物 主、宾语 that 人、物 主、宾语 who 人 主、宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人、物 定语
在从句中作宾语时可以省略
when 表时间的名词 不可省略
where 表地点的名词
why reason