新版英语国家概况考纲后的样卷
自考“英语国家概况”新考纲题目整理（8）
第⼗六章 American History （1900-1945） 选择题 1 Which of the following statement shows the tremendous growth of American economy between the end of the Civil War and 1900？ A Steam and electricity replaced human muscle. B. Machines and oil were used. C. Steam took the place of iron； people and goods could be moved by railroads. D. All of the above. 答案：D 2 Which of the following does not account for President Theodore Roosevelt's contributions？ A. The initiation of large-scale irrigation projects. B. The implementation of the Sherman Anti-trust Act. C. The adoption of the Hepburn Act of 1906. D. The passage of the Federal Reserve Act. 答案：D 3The most important features in the growth of the American economy in the early 20th century were_______. A. the use of steam and electricity as chief energy， the use of and the development of railway B. the appearance of airplane， the use of electricity on a large scale and urbanization C. the development of large corporation， urbanization and the application in production of new technology D. the development of industry and large cities， the expansion of railroad network 答案：C 4 The Progressive Movement was ________. A. an organized campaign with clearly-defined goals. B. a number of diverse efforts at political， social， and economic reforms C. a movement aiming at exposing the dark sides of society. D.a movement aiming at improving people's living standard 答案：B 5 Versailles Treaty System was the result of Paris Conference in ________.A. AsiaB. EuropeC. North AmericaD. Africa 答案：B 6 In the United States， the Ku Klux Klan terrorized and attacked ________.A. blacksB. all progressivesC.The stock market crashD. both A and B 答案：D 7 _______ was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U.S.A. The bankruptcy of banksB. Serious unemploymentC. The stock market crashD. Farm foreclosures 答案：C 8. American policy towards the Soviet Union was centered on three of the following except_______. A. to prevent the United States from being dragged into the war B. to keep the Soviet Union in the war C. to influence Soviet foreign policy D. to get the Soviet Union into the war against Japan 答案：A 9 In 1932， in the depth of the depression， the American people chose _______as their next president who promised to get America out of the depression.A. Theodore RooseveltB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Herbert C. Hoover 答案：B 10 The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of _____.A. material failureB. spiritual frustrationC. political confusionD. social reform 答案：B 11 American wartime objectives included the total destruction of _______powers. A Axis B. Asian C. Allied D. European 答案：A 12.Faced with the serious economic crisis the Hoover administration_________. A. refused to take strong government action B. took some effective measures C. asked for help D. did nothing 答案：A 13.Which of the following that are concerned with President Franklin D. Roosevelt is NOT ture？A. the New DealB. the Teheran ConferenceC. the Yalta ConferenceD. the Potsdam Conference 答案：D 14.The decision on setting - up of a world organization： the United Nations was made at _____. A Yalta Conference B. Potsdam ConferenceC. Teheran ConferenceD. Paris Conference 答案： A 15 The Great Depression was induced by all the following causes but ________.A. stock market speculationB. credit over-expansionC. government involvementD. lack of control over the banking system 答案：C 16. Alaska and Hawaii were accepted into the United States of America in _______.A. 1956B. 1957C. 1958D. 1959 答案：D 17 When the ________ War broke out in June， 1950， Truman sent the 7th Fleet to the Taiwan Straits to prevent PLA from liberating Taiwan.A. First worldB. Second WorldC. KoreanD. Vietnam 答案：C 18.Pushed by Progressive Movement， Presidents Theodore Roosevelt（1901-1909） and Woodrow Wilson （1913-1921） initiated changes from the 19th century tradition of ________. A monopoly B. laissez faire C. government regulation D. market control 答案：B 19.The president of the United States is the head of the ________ branch.A. legislativeB. executiveC. privateD. corporate 答案：B 20.McCarthyism was a full-scale， ________hysteria in the United States in the 1950s.A. NaziB. FascistC. CommunistD. anti-Communist 答案：D 21. The American economy is characterized by a high degree of _____.A. governmentB. individual ownershipC. corruptionD. monopoly 答案：D 22. The Second World War finally ended in ______.A. 1945.B.1946.C.1947D. 1949 答案：A 23.During the Second World War， American wartime objectives were the total destruction of ____powers.A the AxisB Asian C. the Allied D. European 答案：A 24 The United States supplies almost _______ of all the exports of grain in the world.A. one fourthB. one fifthC. a halfD. two thirds. 25 ______ is the nation's leading center of heavy industry in the United States. A Northwest B. Midwest C. Southwest D. West 答案：B 26. The ______ War turned out to be America's Longest war it ever fought.A. First WorldB. Second WorldC. KoreanD. Vietnam 答案：D 27 _______ are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United States.A. HispanicsB. White ethnicsC. Asian-AmericansD. Indians 答案：C 28 The United States did not join the Second World War directly until______ in December， 1941.A. Great DepressionB. Pearl Harbor incidentC. the JapaneseD. the German attack on Poland. 答案：B 29. The _______ problem has been a key problem in U.S.- China relations.A. TaiwanB. tradeC. KoreaD. Vietnam. 答案：A 30.______ is the leading commercial crop in the South of America.A. CottonB. CornC. WheatD. Rice 答案：A ⼀句话问答 1. What are the real American Literature begin？ 答：It began after the American War of Independence. 2 Where is the president of the United States official residence？ 答：The White House is his official residence. 3.What is the American foreign policy in the early 1930s？ 答：In the early 1930s， the American foreign policy was isolationist. 4.What is the most central functions of the Congress in America？ 答：It is the passage of laws. 5.Which three branches is the U.S. government divided into？ 答：They are the legislative， the executive and the judicial. 6. Who designed and flew a successful plane n 1911？ 答：Glenn E. Curiss designed and flew a successful plane in 1911. 7 What policy did the United States pursue during the early period of WW.I . 答： The United States pursued a policy of pro-Ally partiality. 8. When did the United States government declare war on Germany？ 答：The United States government declared war on Germany on April 6， 1917. 9. What's the aim of the New Deal measures？ 答：The aim of the New Deal measures was to save American democracy and the capitalist system. 解释题 1.Progressive Movement 答：A movement at the turn of the century， it demanded government regulation of the economy and social conditions. Therefore， it was a number of diverse efforts at political， social， and economic reforms. 2. New Deal 答：The program put forward by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932 to deal with the Great Depression. Roosevelt made Congress pass a large number of New Deal acts and helped to set up many efficient social economical and financial systems. The New Deal did help overcome the most serious economic crisis of the capitalist system up to that time. 3. the KKK 答：The Ku Klux Klan was first organized in 1866 and then reformed in 1867 after the Civil War in the South. The KKK terrorized and attacked not only blacks， but also progressives， labour union organizers， communist or socialist party members。
自考“英语国家概况”新考纲题目整理（2）
第三章 Shaping of the Nation（练习题⼀） 1. Under William's rule， the—— were at the bottom of the feudal system.A. baronsB. freemenC. villainsD. lawyers 2. William replaced the Witan， the council of the Anglo-Saxon king， with——A. the Grand CouncilB. the House of LordsC. the House of CorranonsD. Parliament 3. William II was known as William—— because of his red complexion.A. RufusB. the ConquerorC. the ConfessorD. the Unready 4. Henry II was the first king of the ——dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet 5. In Henry II ' s reign， a—— law was gradually established in place of the customs of the manor.A. localB. privateC. civilD. common 6. The Great Council of Henry II drew up the Constitutions of—— in 1164 to increase the jurisdiction of the civil courts.A. LabourersB. ClarendonC. OxfordD. Cambridge 7. The Great Charter was signed in and had—— clauses.A.1251， 63B.1251， 73C.1215， 63D.1215， 73 8. In 1265—— summoned the Great Council， which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. HenryB.the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort 9. The Hundred Years' war started in—— and was ended in ， in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of—— ，A .1337 ， 1453， FlandersB .1337 ， 1453， CalaisC.1346， 1453， ArgencourtD.1346， 1453， Brest 10. In 1351， the English government issued a Statute of—— ， which made it a crime for peasants to ask for more wages .A. OxfordB. ClarendonC. LabourersD. Magna Carta II Fill in the blanks 1. Under William， the—— system in England was completely established. 2. william replaced the—— ， the council of the Anglo-Saxon kings， with the—— of his new tenants-in-chief. 3. The property record in William's time is known as—— ， which was compiled in 4. ——was the first king of the House of Plantagenet. 5. In Henry II ' s day， the country was divided into—— circuits， and the—— system replaced old—— ordeals by fire and water and old trials by battle. 6. ——' s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer' s time after he was murdered. 7. In 1215， the baron's charter， known as—— or—— was approved， which contained—— clauses. 8. In the Hundred Years' war， the French heroine —— led the French to drive the English out of their country. By 1453， was the only part of France that was still in the hands of the English. 9. —— was the deadly bubonic plague， which reduced England's population from four million to—— million by the end of the 14th century. 10. One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of—— farmers. Answers：1.C2.A3.A4.D5.D6.B7.C8.D9.B 10.C II1. feudal2. Witan， Grand Council 3 . Domesday Book， 1086 4. Henry II5. six， jury， English， Norman6. Thomas Becket 7. Mangna Carta， the Great Charter， 63 8. Joan of Arc， Calais 9. Black Death， two 10. yeomen III 1.Domesday Book It is a book compiled by a group of clerks under the sponsorship of King William the First in 1086. The book was in fact a property record. It was the result of a general survey of England. It recorded the extent， value， state of cultivation， and ownership of the land. It was one of the important measures adopted by William I to establish the full feudal system in England. Today， it is kept in the Public Records Office in London. 2.lollards：罗拉德派 they were poor priests and traveling preachers who were john wyclif's followers.they played an important role in the mental preparations for the peasant uprising of 1381.they preaching the equality of men before god. 3.Joan of arc：圣⼥贞德 she was a national heroine of France during the hundred year's war，she successfully led the france to drive the English out of France. 4.The Black Death It is a modern name given to the dearly bubonic plague， an epidemic disease spread through Europe in the fourteenth century particularly in 1348-1349. It came without warning， and without any cue. In England， it killed almost half of the total population， causing far-reaching economic consequences. 1.What was feudalism like in England under the rule of William the Conqueror？ Under the rule of William the Conqueror， the feudal system in England was completely established. According to this system， the king owned all the land personally. William gave his barons large estates in return for military services and a proportion of the land's produce. These estates were scattered all over the king. Then， the barons parceled out land to the lesser nobles， knights and freemen， also in return for goods and services. At the bottom of the feudal scale were the serfs. One peculiar feature of the feudal system of England was that all landowners must take the oath of allegiance not only to their immediate lord， but also to the king. 2. What were the contents and the significance of the Great charter？ Contents： no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council； no freeman should be arrested，imprisoned， or deprived of his property except by the law of the land； the Church should possess all its rights， together with freedom of elections； London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges， and there should be the same weights and measures throughout the country. It was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons， a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the power of the king. 3. Why and how did the English Parliament come into being？ Henry III's many measures was brought matters between he and barons to a head. And the barons force the king to swear and accept the Provisions of Oxford. Simon de Montfort summoned in 1265 the Great Council to meet at Westminster， together with two knights from each country and two burgesses from each town， a metting which has been seen as that the earliest parliament. 4. What do you know about Wat Tyler's Uprising？ The uprising broke out in Kent and Essex in 1381 and was led by Wat Tyler and Jack Straw. Tyler led the mared villagers to occupy London. The king was forced to accept their demands. Most of the rebels dispersed and went home，while Tyler and other leader stayed on for more rights. Tyler was killed at a meeting with the king， who suppressed the Uprising brutally. Although the Uprising failed， it had great importance in English history. It directed against the rich clergy， the lawyers and the landowners. It effectively blew the serfdom， and a new class of yeomen farmers emerged，paving the way for the development of capitalism. 第三章 Shaping of the Nation（练习题⼆） 选择题 1. The Domesday Book was completed in________.A. 1085B. 1086C.1087D.1088 答案： B 2. When William died in Normandy in 1087 he left Normandy to ________，and England to______.A. William Rufus； RobertB. Robert ；HenryC. Robert； William RufusD. Henry； Robert 答案： C 3. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of______， keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land. A. the Archbishop of Canterbury B the barons C the church D the king 答案：D 4. The barons forced the king of Henry 3 and his son Prince Edward to swear to accept the _____.A . Provisions of Oxford.B Provisions of YorkC Provisions of WestminsterD provisions of Canterbury 答案： A 5 . Magna Carta was signed in _______ at a conference at ______.A. 1066； RunnymedeB. 1215； WindsorC. 1215； OxfordD. 1215； Runnymede 答案： D 6. According to Magna Carta no tax should be made without the approval of______. A. the Witan B the king C the Grand Council D the Commons 答案：C 7 In 1265 Simon summoned the Great Council to meet together with two knights from each county and two ______ from each town. A burgesses B. bishops C. clergymen D. yeomen 答案： A 8 The Hundred Year's War lasted from _______to________.A. 1337；1450B. 1337；1453C. 1330； 1453D. 1337；1455 答案： B 9 'Domesday Book' was compiled during the rule of ______.A William IB William IIC Henry IID King Stephen 答案：A 10 The Black Death swept through England in the summer of _____without warning.A 1374B 1348C 1349D 1350 答案：B 11 After the Hundred Year's War， power in England was in the hands of a number of rich and ambitious_________.A bishopsB MerchantsC noblesD royal family members 答案： C 12 The causes of the Hundred Years War were partly ______and Partly _______. A. political； military B political； economic C territorial； religious D territorial； economic 答案：D 13 The Hundred Years' War could be devided into _______outstanding stages.A twoB threeC fourD five 答案：B 14 Under William's rule， the______ were at the bottom of the feudal system. 'A. baronsB. freemenC. villeinsD. lawyers 答案：C 15 William replaced the Witan， the council of the Anglo-Saxon king， with ______A. the Grand CouncilB. the House of LordsC. the House of CorranonsD. Parliament 答案：A 16 William II was known as William ______ because of his red complexion.A. RufusB. the ConquerorC. the ConfessorD. the Unready 答案：A 17 Henry II was the first king of the ______dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet 答案：D 18 In Henry II ' s reign， a _______ law was gradually established in place of the customs of the manor.A. localB. privateC. civilD. common 答案：D 19 The Great Council of Henry II drew up the Constitutions of ____in 1164 to increase the jurisdiction of the civil courts.A. LabourersB. ClarendonC. OxfordD. Cambridge 答案：B 20 The Great Charter was signed in ______ and had______ clauses.A.1251， 63B.1251， 73C.1215， 63D.1215， 73 答案：C 21 In 1265 _____summoned the Great Council， which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. HenryB.the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort 答案：D 22 The Hundred Years' war started in_____ and was ended in______， in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of _____，A .1337 ， 1453， FlandersB .1337 ， 1453， Calais C.1346， 1453， Argencourt D.1346， 1453， Brest 答案：B。
自考“英语国家概况”新考纲题目整理（7）
第⼗五章 American History（练习题⼆） 考纲： American History （1600-1900） 1.The 'discovery' of the Now world 2.Causes of the colonization of the New World 3.The original 13 colonies 4.The American War of Independence and its consequences 5.Establishment of a federal form of government 6.Consequences of territorial expansion and the Westward Movement 7.The American Civil War and its impact on the development of the U. S. 8.Rapid growth of capitalism after the Civil War American History （1600-1900） Ⅰ。
Chooce the one that you think best answers the question. 1. The place that Columbus landed was* d .*A. IndiaB. islands in AsiaC. the current territory of the USAD. islands in the now West Indies 2. The chief reason for early setters to come to the New Continent was* d *. A. to seek better opportunity B. to escape religious persecution C. to satisfy the urge for adventure D. A & B 3. What were the causes of the American War of Independence ？ D A. The development of colonial economy led to demand for more power to determine their own business B. the cruel exploitation of the colonies by the British government C. the sale of tea in the colonies D. A & B 4. The significance of the American War of Independence is that* c .* A. It paved the way for the development of capitalism in North America B. It initiated a period of bourgeois revolution against feudal rule the or colonial rule C. both A & B D. None of the above 5. The Articles of Confederation was unusual because it provided for * d .* A. absolute government B. federal government C. constitutional monarchy D. no king 6. In 1787， delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. The meeting came to be called the * b .* A. Continental Congress B. Constitutional Convention C. Independent Convention D. Congress Meeting 7. The contradiction that arose at the Constitution Conference of 1787 was contradiction between * d .* A. big states and small states B. industrial-commercial interests and landed interests C. one house or two houses for Congress D. A & B 8. The Bill of Rights Amendments* b .* A. dealt with procedural matters B. included not only procedural guarantees but also guarantees of basic rights for the individual C. were adopted merely to satisfy those who opposed the Constitution D. were reluctantly accepted by the Federalists 9. The Federalist Papers were Written to support the* a .* A. Constitution B. Articles of Confederation C. Bill of Rights D. Federalists 10. President Jefferson bought the* d *territory from France for 15 million dollors .A. MidwestB. FloridaC. MississippiD. Louisiana 11. The implication of the “Manifest Destiny” are * a .* A. the legitimacy of American territorial expansion and American obligation of the spread of American value and institution B. the legitimacy of the westward movement C. the Americans were doing the Lord's work in spreading American democracy to other places D. None of the above 12. The agreement of the Constitutional Convention to give each state and equal vote in the Senate and make representation in the House reflect the size of each state's population has been known as the * b .* A. Great Charter B. Great Compromise C. Rights Amendments D. Compromise of 1850 13. The basic cause of the American Civil War was* a *，but the immediate cause was the of the South. A. conflicts over slavery， break-away B. westward expansion， Emancipation Proclamation C. debates in Congress， Uncle Tom's cabin D. Lincoln's decision anti-slavery reformers 14. After the Civil War * a * became a strong trend in the American economy. A. monopoly by big business B. development of small business C. nationalization of business D. Civil Right Movement 15. Which of the following sentences is not true？ * c * A. The Puritans came to America to escape religious persecution and to establish what they considered the one true church. B. One of the slogans raised by the people in the colonies was “No taxation without representation. C. British general Cornwellis surrendered his whole army to George Washington at Saratogo in Northern New York. D. The“Manifest Destiny”theory appeared during the westward movement to justify the conquest of the whole continent. Answer： Ⅰ。
2023年高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试卷
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第一部分选择题ⅠMULTIPLE CHOICERead the following unfinished statement or questions carefully.For each unfinished statement or question,four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are given.Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question.Blacken the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.(50 points,1 point each)1.The Vikings,who came from ,atacked carious parts of England from the end of the 8th century.A.NorwayB.FranceC.GermanyD.Denmark2.The Celts began to arrive at Britain around and kept coming until the arrical of the Romans.A.600BCB.600ADC.700BCD.700AD3.Among the Bristish kings, was known as “the confessor”because of his religious piety.A.Henry ⅡB.King AlfredC.King HaroldD.King Edward4.The Domesday Book states all the following EXCEPT .A.the history of the landB.the ownership of the landC.the value of the landD.the extent of the land5.The spirit of Magna Carta was .A.the increasing of the powers of serfsB.the limitation of the powers of the kingC.the increasing of the powers of the Church.D.the limitation of the powers of the Church.6.The causes of the Hundred Years’s War was partly and partly economic.A.racialB.politicalC.religiousD.territorial7.In British history,the First Civil War broke out in .A.1640B.1642C.1645D.16498.The main causes for Henry Ⅷ’s religious reform of the Church were the following EXCEPT .A.pressure from the popeB.Henry’s need for moneyC.accumulated desire for change and reform in the ChurchD.public resentment for the pricvilege and wealth of the clergy9. was the only monarch that was condemned to death and executed in British history.A.Charles ⅠB.CharlesⅡC.JamesⅠD.JamesⅡ10.A good result of the argricultural enclosure was that .A.renants were ecicred from their lands.B.riots erupted in many areas where the peasant farmers wentC.a new class hostility was introduced into tural relationshiosD.farms became bigger and bigger units as the great bought up the small11.The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the .te 16th century and early 17th centuryte 17th century and early 18th centuryte 18th century and early 19th centuryte 19th century and early 20th century12.Which of the following is TRUE about Britain in World War Ⅱ?A.It lost all her natonal wealth .B.It was left gravely impoverished.C.It devoted half of her strength to the war.D.It entered a period of economic and financial boom.13. ,who found that his policy of appeasement of German aggression was no longer tenable ,was forced to declare war on Germany on Setember 3,1939.A.ChurchillB.GeorgeⅥC.ChamberlainD.ElizabethⅡ14.In January 1973,Britain finally because a full member of the .monwealthB.European Economic CommunityC.North Atlantic Treaty Organizationanization of Petroleum Exportiong Countries15.The interval between General Elections in the U.K.is years.A.2B.4C.5D.816.The two major parties in Britain since 1945 are .A.the Whig Party and the Tory PartyB.the Labor Party and the Liberal Party.C.the Labor Party and the Conservative Party.D.the Conservative Party and the Liberal Party17.In the U.K.,government ministers are responsible collectively to for all Cabinet decisions.A.the QueenB.the ParliamentC.the Privy CouncilD.the Prime Minister18.In Britain, is the largest of the Free Churches ,originated in the 18th century following the evangelical revival under John Wesley(1703-1791).A.the Methodist ChurchB.the Baptist ChurchD.the Church of England D.the Church of Scotland19.Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Open University?A.It is a non-residential university.B.It is open to all to become students.C.It admits students only from Britain.D.It offers degree and other courses for adult students of all ages.20. ,the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe,has its traditional home in England.A.GolfB.FootballC.CricketD.basketball21. In the late 15th century, supported by the Spanish Queen,Christopher Columbus, ,discovered the New World.A.an Italian navigatorB.a Danish navigatorC.an English navigatorD.a Portuguese navigator22. One of the features of the early colonists which play a role in the formation of American character is .A.religious intoleranceB.respect of individual rightsC.strong form of governmentD.discouragement of individual enterprise23. In September 1783, was signed and Britain recognized the independence of the United States.A.the Articles of ConfederationB.the Bill of RightsC.the Declaration of independenceD.the Treaty of Paris24.The Articles of confedration was very important in all the following Except that .A.it provided for no king.B.it declared independence from Great Britain.C.it was a written constitution for the United States.D.it created a central government in the form of a Congress.25.The American Civil War broke out mainly because .A.Abbraham Lincoln was elected presidentB.Harrier Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin was publishedC.the southern states controlled land ,raw materials and labor tha the North neededD.the southern states broke away from the Union and formed the Confederate State of America26. On August 4,1914,American President issued an official statement proclaiming American neutrality in the First World War.A.Harry TrumanB.Theodore RooseveltC.Woodrow WilsonD.Franklin D.Roosevelt27.In the U.S.,the first blow to the stock market came on October 24,1929,which was called .A.the black MondayB.the black FridayC.the black ThursdayD.the black Tuesday28. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to .A.abolish social security systemsB.reduce government regulation and controlC.discograge industries from deceloping too fastD.“save American democracy”as the himself put it29.The American containment policy towards the Soviet Union ,made by President Truman in 1949,lasted until .A.1975B.1989C.1991D.199830. was the result of struggle between the great powers for control of the world and military expansion of the countries of Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and militarist Japan.A.The Cold WarB.The Korean WarC.The First World WarD.The Second World War31. was NOT a comerstone of the postwar American Economic boom.A.Increasing investment in agricultureB.An ever-increasing military spendingC.Automobile manufacturing for the growing new communitiesD.A construction boom to provide houses and schools for all children32. In Feberuary 1972, President visited China and met Chairman Mao and the two coutntries issued the Shanghai Communique.A.NixonB.CarterC.FordD.Reagan33.In the postwar years the United States continued to emphasize governmentinvolvement and adopted the in running the economy.A.Keynesian theoryB.Marxist theoryC.Truman DoctrineD.Monetarist policies34.Apart from the stagnation,the American economy is now facing another problemof .A.foreign debts and trade deficitB.foreign debts and trade surplusC.overproduction and trade deficitD.overproduction and trade surplus35.The three giants in auto industry in the U.S.are .A.General Motors,Fotors,Ford,ChryslerB.General Motors,Toyota,ChrslerC.General Motors,Nissan,ChryslerD.General Motors,Volkswagen,Chrysler36. According to the provisions for constitutional amendment,the Congress may initiatean amendment by a vote in each house.A.halfB.one-thirdC.two-thirdsD.three-fourths37.In order to be successful,a candidate for the U.S.Presidency must receive at least ecectoral votes.A.200B.270C.435D.53838.The ambassadors,ministers and consuls appointed by the U.S.Prident must beconfirmed by the .A.SenateB.HouseC.Supreme CourtD.State Department39.Which statement about the American political parties in NOT true?A.In general,America has a two-party system.B.The Constitution makes no provisions for political parties.C.Political parties are the basis of the American political system.D.The Democrats and the Republicans dominate politics only at the federal level.40. were those American writers who reported truthfully and objectively the lifein the slums in the last decades of the 19th century and first decade of the 20th century.A.RealistsB.NatralistsC.transcendentalistsD.Modemists41.The Prairie Provinces which lie west of Ontario are ideal for and are thinly settled.A.fishingB.miningC.tourismD.growing wheat42. After the Seven Years’War from 1756 to 1763,the French were forced to give up Of Canada to Britain.A.partsB.the eastC.the wholeD.the northwest43.By the Statute of Westminster in 1931,Canada .A.took Newfoundland as its tenth provinceB.became a member of the Commonwealth of NationsC.found rich oil dields in Alberta and other western procincesD.opened the wrence Seaway for further growth in economy44.In 1921the British signed the Anglo-Irish Treaty to .A.start a civil warB.keep Ireland out of World WarⅡC.found the Irish Republican ArmyD.establish an Irish Free State in Northern Ireland45.Henry Ⅷ was the first king to bring all under English control.A.WalesB.EuropeC.IrelandD.Scotland46.Most of Australia lies between 20℃ and 35℃ which is a area in the world.A.hot and wetB.hot and dryC.dry and windyD.dry and sunny47.In Australia,traffic drives on the of the road.A.single lineB.middleC.right sideD.left side48.In Australia,as people with different traditions and customs interact with each other,a peculiar blend of different will be emerging.A.politicsB.societiesC.culturesD.philosophies49.The Lake of Taupo was formed by a(n) .A.big tsunamiB.horrible floodC.terrible earthquakeD.enormous volcanic eruption50.Since ,earthquakes in New Zealand do not usually cause many deaths.A.the land is hillyB.there are many mountain lakesC.many areas of the country are not heavily populatedD.the central plateau in North Island is dominated by 3 volcanic mountains第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSGive a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet. (30 Points,3 points each)51.What was one of the most far-reaching consequences of the Second World War to Britain?52.Who is the current heir to the British throne according to law and convention?53.What kind of service does the National Health Service(NHS)provide in the U.K.?54.What does Oxbridge stand for?55.What is the major difference between the Puritans and the Pilgrims in American colonial times?56.What important proclamation did Predident Lincoln issue to make the Civil War a just one ?57.What is the basic instrument of American government and the supreme law of the land?58.What is America’s most important patriotic holiday?59.What is the name of the radio educational system through which children learn their lessons in Australia?60.Politically how many states and territories does Anstralia have?Ⅲ.TERM EXPLANATIONExplain each of the following terms in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet in around 40 words.(20 points,5 points each)61.Black Death62.Civil List63.The U.S.Presidency64.The Cuban Missile Crisis。
英语国家概况课后习题答案解析(完整版)
A. NormanB・ DutchC・ GermanD・ Danish
9.Samuel Johnson* s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form
32. In, the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a
welfare state・ in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.
A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th
20.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the
beginning of thecentury・
A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th
27.has a distinct legal system based on Roman law・
A・ WalesB・EnglandC・ ScotlandD・ NorthernIreland
28.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on asystem・
D・ a belief in individualism
30.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it・
自考“英语国家概况”新考纲题目整理（3）
第四章 Transition to the modern Age 1 The Wars of the Roses broke out shortly after_______.A the Black DeathB the Watt Tyler's UprisingC the Hundred Year's WarD the Glorious Revolution 答案：C 2 In the reform of the Church Henry VIII dissolved all of England's monasteries and nunneries because they were much more loyal to _________then to their English kings.A. the PopeB. Jesus ChristC. Roman CatholicD. the bishops 答案：A 3 Thanks to Mary， Protestantism and _________ were now forever synonymous in Britain.A. CatholicismB. prosecutionC. the Reformation D nationalism 答案：D 4 For nearly thirty year， Elizabeth I successfully played off against each other the two great Catholic powers at the time，_________， and prevented England from getting involved in any major European conflict.A. Spain and GermanyB. France and SpainC. Spain and DenmarkD. France and Italy 答案：B 5 _________was regarded as the second Magna Carta.A. The Petition of RightB. The Provision of OxfordC. The Grand RemonstranceD. The Militia Bill 答案：A 6 The Renaissance began in north ______in the early ______century.A. France；14thB. Italy； 16thC. Italy； 14thD. England； 14th 答案：C 7 In December 1653， by an Instrument of Government， Oliver Gromwell became _______of the Commonwealth of England.A. Prime MinisterB. KingC. Lord ProtectorD. Emperor 答案：C 8.In foreign affairs. Henry VIII was aided by ________ ， Archbishop and Lord Chancellor.A. Thomas MoreB. Thomas BecketC. Thomas WolseyD. Martin Luther 答案：C 9 The Armada was defeated by England in ________.A. 1587B. 1588C. 1558D. 1540 答案：B 10 After the Glorious Revolution came the Age of ______ ， a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament.A. the CommonwealthB. the Federal RepublicC. the Constitutional MonarchyD. the special monarchy 答案：C 11 Although the Wars of the Roses were waged intermittently for thirty years， ordinary people were _______affectedand went about their business as usual.A. littleB. a littleC. muchD. greatly 答案： A 12 It was during the reign of ______， the name Great Britain came into being in 1707.A. Elizabeth IB. Henry VIII.C. Charles ID. Anne 答案：D 13 The last battle of the Wars of Roses was at ______in 1458.A. HastingsB. Bosworth FieldC. NasebyD. Oxford 答案：B ⼀句话解释： 1 What was Queen Mary know as？ 答：She was known as “ Bloody Mary”。
英语国家概况试题(新版书考纲后的)
此套试题为新版书考纲后的“样卷”。
此套卷子对备考大纲改革后的第一次考试有极其重要的指导作用，所以将之公布给没有新版教材的所有考友共享。
由于时间关系，选择题的选项被略去。
I. 单项选择1 The British Isles are made up of .2 There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are .3 The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries that were once .4 In British history, both Saxons and Angels came from .5 It was who laid the foundations of the English state.6 is perhaps t he best–known event in English history.7 In the reign of the Norman kings flowered on t he English soil.8 has long been popularly regarded as the foundat ion of English libert ies.9 During the Hundred Years’ War which ended in 1453, the expulsion of the English from France is regarded as a blessing for .10 Black Death , an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas, spread through Europe in the cent ury.11 The English Renaissance achieved its finest expression in .12 The English C ivil War has been seen as a conflict between .13 Two of the most famous literary works of late 17th centu ry England were John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress and .14 In Britain, were the forerunners of t he Conservative Party.15 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a .17 is generally regarded as the greatest writer in the English language.18 During the British Civ il Wars (1642-1651),the supporters of Parliament were called .19 In Britain, the prime minister is the leader of the party that holds the most seats in .20 In Britain, private schools or independent schools are called .21 In A merica, the first English colony was founded at in 1607.22 The f irst immigrants in A merican history came from and23 The British established 13 colonies along .24 The A merican War of Independence began wit h .25 The Declaration of Independence was drafted by .26 The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by during the C ivil War.27 The 1920s in the U.S. has been described as a period of .28 McCarthyism refers to the anti-Communist hysteria whipped up by Senator McCarthy （注：此题选项为时间）29 The famous leader of black movements in t he U.S. in the 60s is .30 The origin of the A merican party system can be traced to .31 The functions of institut ions of higher education in the U.S. are .32 Walt Whit man’s masterpiece is .33 Which branch of the A merican government has the power to interpret the Const itution?34 The A merican Constitut ion was drawn up in 1787 when .35 According to the A merican Constitut ion, the United States has .36 The Bill of Rights is t he term used for the first amendments to the Constitut ion of the United States.37 A mong the following authors, the one who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, is .38 The legal holiday observed annually in the U.S. on the fourth Thursday of November is .39 The theme of Thanksgiving has always been .40 By long custom, nationally observed holidays in the U.S. include the following except .41 In terms of area Canada is the country in the world.42 The f irst Brit ish settlers in Canada were who refused to f ight against the British army in t he War of A merican Independence.43 In 1867 was passed creating the Dominion of Canada.44 Australia was originally inhabited by .45 is the oldest of t he Australian states because it was t he first colony established by Britain in 1788.46 Australia is one of the most urbanized countries in the world wit h of its population liv ing in the suburbs of coastal cities and towns.47 is an integral and pervasive influence on national life and culture of Ireland.48 In Ireland, t he constitut ion provides for both as official languages.49 The capital city of New Zealand is .50 The original inhabitants of New Zealand are called .II．一句话回答问题51 What is the official name of Great Britain ?52 In the elect ion of 1979, who became the f irst woman prime minister in Britain ?53 In Britain ,what does BBC stand for ?54 Why does the United States have an ideal location for trade ?55 Why was A merica named after A merigo Vespucci ?56 What are the two major political parties in the United States ?57 What are the two principal river systems in Canada ?58 Why is Australia a dry land ?59 When did Ireland declare itself a republic ?60 What animal is regarded as a nat ional sy mbol of New Zealand ？III．名词解释61 The Industrial Revolution62 English Renaissance63 Separation of powers64 No taxation without representation。
《英语国家概况》试卷.docx
F ----- 1 .People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country・T ----- 2.The Severn River is the longest river of Britain ,which originates in Wales and flows through western England.F ----- 3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language・F ----- .In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of Britain.F ----- 5.Although the climate in Britain is generally mild ,the temperature in northern Scotlandoften falls bellow-10°C in January.T ----- .The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons.T ----- 7.The Celtic people were the earliest known in habitants of Britain.T ----- &English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century. T ----- l.Birtish history before 55 BC is basically undocumented・T ----- 2.The Anglo Saxon came to Britain in the 5th century・F ----- 3.The chief or king of the Anglo Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.T ----- .The Viking began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.T ----- 5.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of france・F ----- 6.The Magana Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class andtownspeople.F ----- 7.The Hundred Years "War was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikingsfor trade and territory.T ----- 8.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen ElizabethI actually defended the fruit the Reformation.T ----- l・Conventions are regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the England government.F ----- 2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history・F ----- 3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the house of all government powers.F ----- .The British Parliament is the law making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.F ----- 5.The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected・T ----- .The British Prime Minister is the leader of the minority party in Parliament.F ----- 7.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties inParliament.T ----- S.The legal systems in England .Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law,orgalizations and practice.T ----- 1 .Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world•T ----- 2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.F ----- 3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent.F ----- .Thatcher^ revolution turned out to be agreat success in dealing with all the Britisheconomic and social problems.T ----- 5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from that of the old Labor Party and the Conservetive Party.T ----- 6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in oder to separate politics from economic policy.F ----- 7.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history・T ----- 8.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.- 1.The Britain government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.F-F ----- cation inBritain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.F ----- 3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the states system and the independentsystem.T ----- .When children finish their schooling at 16,they are required to take a national GCSE examinatio n・T ----- 5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from in dependent schools.F ----- 6.The Times is the world oldest Sunday newspapers.F ----- 7.The BBC World Service broadcast only in English throughout the world.T ----- & Some British holidays are celebrated to mark important events in the Christian calendar,and some others are related to local customs and traditions.F ----- l.The Canterbury Tales is representative work of the old English period・T ----- 2.The Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works.T ----- 3.As a great English peot^Alexander Pope also translated Horner^ Iliad・F ----- .Jhonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language,andRobinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.F ----- 5.William Wordsworth amd Sumuel Taylor Colerdge brought the Romantic Movement to itsheight.F ----- 6.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems,such a s “Odeto the West Winds”.F ----- 7.Jane Austen is a well known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.T ----- 8.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism,which prevailed before World War II.F ----- l.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachian Range hold one-third of the country'scontinental territory.T ----- 2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.T ----- 3. A 50-centimeter rainfall line runs through the middle of the United States.T ----- .New York is composed of five boroughs, in eluding Man hatta n, Brooklyn, the Bronx，Staten Island and Queens・F ----- 5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world-famous Hollywoodis located here.T ----- ・During the 1830s and the 1840s, many Northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.T ----- 7. Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.T ----- 8.Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living・T ----- 1.American was named after Amerigo Vespucci,who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.F ----- 2.The Second Continental Congress was held in Fhiadelphia.and the Continental Army andNavy was established under the command of Thomas Jerfferson.T ----- 3.The Amemrican Civil War not only put an end to slavery,but also make American a single,indivisible nation.F ----- 4.Most American people approved of the Vietnam War.T ----- 5.In 1990,American troops and the troops from allied nations took joint military action in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.F ----- 6.According to the American government,Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden wereresponsible for the terrorist event on Septemblel 1,2001.T ----- 7.The Bush administration regarded Iraq a nation among the “axis of the evil：F ----- 8.On March 20,2003.American and United Nations9troops, supposed by several othercountries,began an invasion of Iraq.F ----- l.The Bill of Right was written into the Constitution in 1787.T ----- 2.The form of the American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers and respect for the Constitution and rule of law.F ----- 3.The US Congress consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. T ----- .The judicial branch of the US federal govemmenl consists of a series of courts: the supreme court, the courts of appeals and the district courts.F ----- 5.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology・T ----- .The American presidential campaigns adhere to the 44winner-takes-air, practice.F ----- 7.The American foreign policy throughout World War 2 was neutrality.T ----- &The American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and interventio n.T ----- 1 .America is the world's largest industrial nation.T ----- 2.1n the US Constitution ,the recognition of the importanee of 'intellectual property5 could be identified・F ----- 3.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantations inthe South made more profits from selling their agricultural products.F ----- 4. President Roosevelt's New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in theearly 1930sF ----- 5. The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American business.T ----- • American agriculture exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.T ----- 7. Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.F ----- 8. The growth and decline of the American foreign trade has little to do with the worldeconom y.T ----- 1. Education is governed by state and local governments instead of the national government in America.T ----- 2. All American children are offered 12 years of compulsory public education.F ----- 3. After 12 years o schooling, American students receive a bachelor^ degree upongraduation ・T ----- . When selecting a college or university, students have a great concern for its size, location and academic quality.T ----- ually,an undergraduate student has to earn at least 120 credits to receive a degree・F ----- 6. Outstanding graduates of Yale university include President Wilson and more than 80senators ・F ----- 7.It is The New York Times that first uncovered the Watergate Scandal in 1972.F ----- & Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in Novembe匚I .Walt Whitman introduced great innovations to American literature ,and devised a poeticstyle , free verse ・F ----- 2.Emily Dickinson's poems are usually long , exploring the inner life of the individual.F ----- 3.Stephen Crane is famous for his writings about the meeting of America and Europe .T ----- .Ezra Pound leads the School of Imagism , which advocates a clear , highly visual presentation .T ----- 5.Jack Kerouac's On the Road is a representative work of the Beat Writers・T ----- 6.Alice Walker was passionate about the civil rights movements and the women's movement of 1960s , and The Color Purple is her masterpiece .F ----- 7.America's most renowned playwright is Tennessee Williams , and his plays are highlyexperimental in form and style ・T ----- 8.Arthur Miller is concerned with the conflicts of the individual within society , and Death of a Salesman is his masterpiece .II .Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements^1.The two main islands of the British Isles are -----A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Edinburgh3・ Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, ----- is the smallest.D.Northern Ireland4.English belongs to the ------ g roup of the Indo-European family of languages.C.Germantic5・ The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of ------------- w ords to English ・tin and Greek6.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the ---- i nfluence・A.Norman7・ Samuel Joh nsorfs dicti onary was in flue ntial in establishing a stan dard form of -- ・C.spelling8. At present,nearly ------- of the world's populations communicate in English.C.one third1 ・ The ---- a ttack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410・D.Germanic2.By the late 7th century, ----- became the dominant religion in England・D. Roman Christianity3.The ----- m arked the establishment of feudualism in England・C.Norman Conquest4.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of -----C. the House of Tudor5・ The direct cause ofor the Reformation was King Henry Vlll's effort to ---- ・A.divorce his wife6.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between -----B.the Royalist and the Parliamentarianwas passed after the Glorious Revolution.7.A.The Bill of Rights8・ The Industrail Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the ------ entury.C.19th1.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of thefollowing branchs EXCEPT the ----- .C.monarchy2.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on ---- .D.p ublic attitude3.As a revising chamber ,the House of Lords is expected to ----- the House of Commons.B.c omplement4.------- i s at the center of the British political system.A.The Cabinet5・ The main duty of the British Privy Council is to ------ ・B.give advice6.Generally speaking,the British Parliament operates on a ----- s ystem.B.two party7.The politices of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and ---- ・D.a belief in individualiam& In Britain,the parliamentary general election is held every ------ years.C.five1.The ------in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A.oil crisis2.Of the following practices, ----- id not belong to Thatcher's social welfare reform.C.reducing unemployment3.The Blair government was successful in the following aspect EXPECT ----- ・D.reducing inequality4.Britain has devoted about ----- f its land area to agriculture.C.70%5.Britain^ important fishing areas include all the following EXCEPT ------ ・D.the sea area between Britain and Ireland6.Coal mining industry in Britain provides ----- the energy consumed in the country.B.one fourth7.The car industry in Britain is mostly ----- .A.foreign owned8.Of the following sectors in Britain, ----- h as experienced spectacular growth since the end ofthe World War II.C.the service sector1.In Britain,the division between granuner schools and vocational schools was ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the ------ ・D.1960s2.Over ------of British children receive primary and secondary education through theindependent system.C.7%3.Partially funded by central government grants,most of the British universities receive theremaining funds from all the following sources EXCEPT ----- ・B」o ans4.To be admitted to the Open University, one needs ----- .B.no educational qualifications5・ Among Britain's quality press,the following newspapers are regarded as the "Big Three^EXCEPT——.C.The Observer6.Life On Earth is a kind of ----- program produced by the BBC is popular worldwide.C.documentary7.----- is Britain^ top pay television provider.D.BSkyB& The following Christmas traditions are particukirly British EXCEPT ---- .A.Trooping the Color1.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is ---- ・B.drama2.----- is viewed as Romantic poetry's "Declaration of independence^.C.The preface to Lyrical Ballads3・Of DickerTs novels, --- i s considered most autobiographical.B.Davied Copperfied4.----- is a representative of English Critical Realism in the turn of the 19th century.D.T homas Hardy5.Of the following books, ----- is NOT written by Thomas Hardy.C.Adam Bede6.----- is not included in the modernist group.A.O scar Wilde7.Of the following writers, ------ is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.B James Joyce8.Waiting for Godot is written by ----- ・A.Samuel BeckettB 1. The U.S. lies in ——North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, theAtlantic to its ——and the Pacific to its -- .A.northem, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western，west, eastC 2. The continental United States has ------ states.A.50B.49C. 48D. 35A 3. The state of ------- is the largest in area of all the U.S・ states.A.AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. FloridaB 4. The longest river in the U.S. is -------A.the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Lake ItascaC 5・ Some of the world-famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located in——・A. the SouthB. the WestC. New EnglandD. the MidwestD 6. San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to ——A. MontanaB. UtahC. MaineD. CaliforniaA 7. The Immigration Act of 1924 restricted further immigration into the United States,particularly from ------ .A. EuropeB. AsiaC.AfricaD. South AmericaD 8. The characteristics of the dominant American culture are一-A. English-speaking, Northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB・ English-speaking, Western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC・ English-speaking, Northern European, Protestant and upper-classD.English-speaking, Western European, Protestant and middle-classC 1. The first successful English conoly in North America was founded at ------- in ----- .A Jamestown,Louisiana B・ Boston, MassachusettsC.Jamestown,VirginiaD.Plymouth.GergiaC 2. The Seven Years。
自考“英语国家概况”新考纲题目整理（4）
第七章：Government and Administration 选择题 1. The United Kingdom is governed in the name of _________， by_________. A. the king； His Majesty's Government B. the Queen； Her Majesty's Government C. the Sovereign； Prime Minister D. the Sovereign； His or Her Majesty's government 答案：D 2.__________is the “supreme governor” of the Church of English.A. The monarchB. The ArchbishopC. The Archbishop of CanterburyD. The Roman Pope 答案：A 3. The United Kingdom is a _______state.A. unitaryB. federalC. republicD. feudal 答案：A 4.The British monarchy can be traced back to at least ________century.A. the 7thB. the 8thC. the 9thD. the 10th 答案：C 5.In Britain the citizens aged _______ or over have the right to vote.A. 16B. 18C. 21D. 30 答案：B 6.Local authorities in Great Britain raise revenue through _________.A. the council taxB. the income taxC. the capital receiptsD. the personal contribution 答案：A 7.In Britain a candidate must be at least _______or over with the deposit of &_____.A. 20；500B.21；500C.20；800D.18；400 答案：B 8.The House of Common is headed by________.A. the Prime MinisterB. the SpeakerC. the Lord ChancellorD. the Monarch 答案：B 9.By tradition， the leader of the majority party is appointed _________by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. the Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House 答案：A 10.The British Cabinet is presided by _________.A. the Prime MinisterB. the SpeakerC. the Lord ChancellorD. the Monarch 答案：A 11.The Social and Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and _________.A. the Conservative PartyB. the Labour PartyC. the Liberal PartyD. the Green Party 答案：C 12.Which of the following about UK's monarchy is not true？ A. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. B. There is no written constitution in the United Kingdom. C. Today the Queen holds the real power in UK. D. The continuity of the monarchy has been broken only. 答案：C 13.The leader of the House of Lords is ________.A. the SpeakerB. the MonarchC. the Prime MinsterD. the Lord Chancellor 答案：D 14.Northern Ireland is divided into _________districts.A. 20B. 26C. 36D. 40 答案：B 15.Which of the following is not one of the members of the Lords Temporal？ A. All hereditary peers and peeresses of England， Scotland， Great Britain and the United Kingdom （but not peers of Ireland）。
英语国家概况(2)考试样题
湖南广播电视大学开放教育英语专业专科英语国家概况（2）考试样题（开卷）注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。
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三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。
Part I. Multiple Choice (20小题，每题2分，共40分)Directions: Choose the best answer according to the coursebook.1. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ______.A. challenging the authority of the PopeB. salvation through faithC. salvation through the churchD. establishing a direct contact with God2. Which of the following statements was NOT correct when the Constitution was written?A. There was a Bill of rights in the Constitution.B. There was no Bill of rights.C. The constitution did not have any words guaranteeing the freedom or the basic rights.D. A “Bill of Right” was added to the Constitution 4 years after the Constitution was made.3. The first factory in the United State was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of______.A. New YorkB. Rhode IslandC. ConnecticutD. Georgia4. The United States had the first standard paper currency ______.A. in 1839B. in 1863C. in 1880D. in 19135. Which of the following was written by Thoreau?A. Nature.B. Walden.C. The Scarlet Letter.D. The Fall of the House of Usher.6. Mark Twain’s works are characterized by the following except ______.A. sense of humorB. egotismC. jokesD. tall tales7. Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities inAmerica, which is the exception?A. Large universities offer the best libraries and facilities for scientific research.B. Large universities provide the students with “mainframe” computers.C. Large universities offer scholarships to all students.D. Large universities attract students with modern laboratories.8. The most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights in the South was known as______.A. the Black MuslimsB. Federal Bureau of InvestigationC. Students for a Democratic SocietyD. Ku Klux Klan9. Which of the following does NOT belong to white-collar crime?A. Bribery.B. Tax evasion.C. False advertising.D. Robbery.10. Which organization in the United States demonstrated strongly against any laws that mightrestrict gun ownership?A. The NRA (National Rifle Association).B. The Supreme Court.C. The Asian Society.D. The Labor Union11. From the 1960s onward, learning from the tactics of the great black leaders, Martin LutherKing Jr., feminists took the following actions except ______.A. violenceB. demonstrationsC. sit-insD. letter campaigns to their Congressmen12. The American foreign policy up to WWII can be described as ______.A. containmentB. swinging between containment and interventionismC. swinging between isolationism and internationalismD. unilateralism13. The Clinton Administration made the following elements the three pillars of Americanforeign policy. Which of them is not included?A. National security.B. Contraction.C. Economic prosperity.D. Promotion of democracy.14. Ronald Reagan used to be a ______.A. basketball playerB. sports radio announcerC. conservative political columnistD. sports writer15. The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to NewMexico is ______.A. the Appalachian MountainsB. the Green MountainsC. the Blue Ridge MountainsD. the Rocky Mountains16. Jazz music gains acceptance in all classes in American society because of the followingreasons. Which is the exception?A. It initially appealed to the young and rebellious.B. Jazz Musicians worked Indian American music into the music.C. Jazz music was made modified and became more refined.D. Both A and C.17. The two main land masses in New Zealand are ______.A. the White Island and the thermal regionB. the North Island and the South IslandC. the Southern Alps and the North IslandD. Auckland and the South Island18. The three levels of local governments of New Zealand are ______.A. regional councils, District Courts and community boardsB. the High Court, District Courts and Dispute TribunalsC. regional councils, territorial authorities and community boardsD. regional councils, city councils and community boards19. Who is the most influential person in the Canadian government?A. The Queen.B. A Cabinet Minister.C. The Prime Minister.D. The Governor General20. To promote peace and cooperation among nations, Canada played an active role in thefollowing international organizations. Which is the exception?A. The United Nations.B. The Commonwealth.C. La Francophonie.D. The National Organization of Women.Part II. TRUE / FALSE (10小题，每题2分，共20分)Directions: Write a T in the space provided if the statement is true. Write an F in the space if the statement is false. Your judgment should be based on your understanding of the coursebook. ( ) 21. American Indians had developed three brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arrived.These three civilizations were the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas.( ) 22. The freedom of religion, speech and the press is guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.( ) 23. A great economist in the Industrial Revolution Era was an American named Adam Smith. ( ) 24. According to John Locke, the right to govern comes from an agreement or social contract voluntarily entered into by free people.( ) 25. Emily Dickinson, Edith Wharton, Willa Cather and Kate Chopin were American women novelists in the late 19th and early 20th century.( ) 26. To get a bachelor’s degree, an undergraduate student is required to attend lectures and complete assignments, pass examinations, and earn a certain number of credits at the end of the four years at college.( ) 27. After World War I, the Anglophile WASPs gradually lost their privileged position.( ) 28. Apple Computers made the first desktop PC. (Unit 13)( ) 29. In 1976, James Cook visited New Zealand and claimed it for Britain.( ) 30. The capital of Canada is Montreal and the second largest city is Ottawa.Part III. Term Explanation: (5小题，每题4分，共20分)Directions: Explain each of the following in no more than five sentences.31. George Washington32. Mark Twain33. Thomas Alva Edison34. The New Zealand Parliament35. The Canadian identityPart IV. Reflection Questions: (2大题，每题10分，共20分)Directions: Answer each of the following questions in no less than100 words.36. By whom was the Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted? And when was itadopted? What did the Declaration of Independence declare?37. When and where did early jazz music appear? Why was it a blend? What was a defendingmark of the early New Orleans jazz? What instruments do the jazz bands use? How many styles did Jazz music develop into?湖南广播电视大学开放教育英语专业专科英语国家概况（2）考试样题答题纸Part I. Multiple Choice (20小题，每题2分，共40分)1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.Part II. TRUE / FALSE (10小题，每题2分，共20分) 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.Part III. Explanation: (5小题，每题4分，共20分) 31.32.33.34.35.Part IV. Reflection Questions: (2大题，每题10分，共20分) 36.37.湖南广播电视大学开放教育英语专业专科英语国家概况（2）考试样题标准答案及评分细则Part I. Multiple Choice: (20小题，每题2分，共40分)1. C2. A3. B4. C5. B6. B7. C8. D9. D 10. A11. A 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D16. D 17. B 18. C 19. C 20. DPart II. TRUE / FALSE (10小题，每题2分，共20分)21. T 22. T 23. F 24.T 25. F26. T 27. F 28. F 29. F 30. FPart III. Term Explanation: (5小题，每题4分，共20分)31. George Washington (Unit 3)George Washington was one the founding fathers of the American Republic. (2分) He was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army in the War of Independence against the British colonial rule and the first President of the United States. (2分)32. Mark Twain (Unit 7)Mark Twin is the pen name of Samuel Clemens. (1分) He was one of the great American writers. He captured a peculiarly American sense of humor. (1分) He represented a new American voice. His major works was “The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn” (1884) which has been called the greatest novel in American literature. (2分)33. Thomas Alva Edison (Unit 13)Thomas Alva Edison is a well-known American inventor. (2分) Among his many inventions are: electric lamp, phonograph, motion pictures and parallel circuit. (2分)34. The New Zealand Parliament (Unit 2)Since 1950 Parliament has had a single chamber, the House of Representatives. (1分) It’s functions include passing laws, supervising the government’s administration and receiving petitions from citizens with grievances. (2分) Currently there are 120 Members of Parliament, all elected by voters. (1分)35. The Canadian identity (Unit 17)The Canadian identity refers to something which is distinctively Canadian, which is different from other countries, and which is the very reason for making Canada so special. (2分) For example, two official languages of English and French can be considered as part of the Canadian identity. (2分)评分细则：第三部分为解释题，5题，每题4分，共20分。
自考“英语国家概况”新考纲题目整理（11）
第⼗⼋章 The economy of U.S. ⼀、单选 1.The United States has less than _____of the world's population.Yet it produces about _____0f the total world output.A. 6% 25%B.7% 25%C.6% 23%D.7% 23% 2.The privately owned and operated business ， including farms ，produce about ____of the total output of goods and services.A. 82%B.80%C. 85%D.83% 3. After a period of prosperity ， government involvement in the economy increased during _____.A. the Great DepressionB. World War ⅠC. World War ⅡD. the Cold War 4.Currently U.S. exports are about ____of the world's total ， imports about ____of all world imports.A. 25% 23%B.13% 15%C. 15% 13%D.23% 25% 5._____is the largest single source of goods imported by the U.S.， accounting for nearly 30% of the total.A. BritainB. CanadaC. AustraliaD.Japan 答案： ⼀、选择 A C A C B ⼆、名词解释 1、 New monetarist policies ——Such policies sought to fight inflation by increase supply and reducing demand.On the one hand ， taxes were cut to increase economic dynamism. On the other hand ，interest rates were raised to reduce the supply of money. 三、简答 1、What problems does the American economy have today？ Unemployment， inflation ， financial deficit ，and trade deficit are the troubles that always face the United States. 2、The factors that contributed to the fast growth of the American economy ？ First， the geographical location of the United States provides very good conditions for the country to grow and become strong. Second， the United States has been blessed by being a land rich in mineral resources and fertile farm soil ，together with a moderate climate. Third， America has been fortunate in having enough people to provide the labour necessary for a constantly expanding economy. Fourth， factor is the quality of available labour . 3、The characteristics of the economic system of the United States ？ （1）a free market economy with a dominant private sector （2）flexible government involvement （3）a high degree of monopoly. 4、what are the three giants in the automobile industry of U.S. ？ They are General Motors ，Ford and Chrysler. 第⼗九章 1.Article 1 of the Constitution grangts all legislative power of the federal gowernment to a Congress composed of two chambers，they are ______and ________.A.a Senate ，a House of RepresentativesB.Democrats ，RepublicansC.the Executive ，the Judicial BrachD.the Judicial Brach ，the Supreme court 2.The supreme court has original jurisdiction in __________.A.all kinds of casesB.two kinds of casesC.cases involving foreign citizensD.cases involving a state 3. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Curt _______A.has much greater power than other justicesB.has no greater voting power than other justices lf the Supreme CourtD.has greater voting power than other justices lf the Supreme Court 4.There have been_________periods in the development lf American political parties in the United States.A.fourB.threeC.fiveD. two 5.The Federalists advocated_________.A.a strong federal governmentsB.strong state governmentC.the adoption of Bill of Rights D. limits on the federal government 6.The Democratic Party led by Andrew Jackson represented the interests of_______.A.northern industrialistsB.southern slave ownersC.frontiersmenD.Both B and C 7.Abraham Lincoln was elected President as candidate of_______A.the Democratic PartyB.the Republican PartyC.the Whig PartyD.None of the above 8.The two major parties today have ________difference in policy orientation.A.noB.littleC.someD.great 9.The writers of the Constitution worked out the checks and balances in order to_____.A.prevent the government from misusing its powerB.prevent the government from being strong C.pacify those who opposed the Constitution D.meet the demands of small states . 10.The House Speaker and the temporary President of the Senate are usually _____.A.elected by the majority partyB.chosen from the majority and minority partiesC.members of the majority partyD.chosen freely from the Congressmen and Senators 名词解释： 1.separation of powers 2.checks and balances 3.the federal system 4.patronage 5.two——party system 简答： 1. What are the three branches of the government？ 2. According to the Constitution， what judicial power does the President have？ 3. What are the fuctions of the Congress？ 4. What is the composition of the federal court system？ 5. What is the characteristics lf the two major parties？ 答案： ⼀、选择 1A 2B 3B 4A 5A 6D 7B 8C 9A 10C ⼆、名词解释 1.It refers to the principle that the national government is split into three branches： legislative， executive and judicial. in the legislative branch， power is split further into two houses. 2. This is a major principle of the American governmental system by which each branch of the government exercises a check on the actions of the others. if one branch abuses its powers， the others can check it. Separation of powers and checks and balances limit government's power by pitting power against power. For example， the president checks Congress by holding veto power. Congress has the purse strings， and the Senate approves presidential appointments. 3. It is a system of government in which power is divided by a written constitution between a central government and regional， or sub divisional governments .Each level must have some domain in which its policies are dominant and some genuine political or constitutional guarantee of its authority. 4. Patronage means rewarding faithful party workers and followers with government employment and contracts. Some would appoint their supporters to administrative jobs which is called political appointment. 5the party system means that the two major political parties——now the Democrats and the Republicans——compete with each other to dominate politics at the federal， state， and local levels. 简答： 1.they are the legislative， the executive and the judicial. 2.he has the power to give reprieves and pardons in federal criminal cases. 3.the most central function of the congress is the passage of law. legislation can be introduced in either chamber but revenue bills must first come from the house of representatives. The senate has the function of confirming presidential appointments and ratification of treaties. The congress also has non-legislative functions. one is the function of investigation in the form of congressional hearings. this is a tool available to members of the congress to inform the citizens and arouse public interests in national issues. the other is to compel unwilling witnesses to testify ，he will be charged with contempt of congress； if he gives false testimony， he will be charged with perjury. 4. The federal court system consists of a supreme court，11 courts of appeals，91district courts（including one for the district lf Columbia and one for puerto rico）and three courts of special jurisdiction. 5. One is to confirm presidential appointments and the other is to ratify treaties by a two-thirds vote. 第⼆⼗⼆章，加拿⼤ ⼀、选择 1，canada is located inA the southern hemisphereB the northern hemisphereC the western hemisphereD the eastern hemisphere 2 Canada's largest city isA MontréalB TorontoC OttawaD Vancouver 3 the longerst river in canada isA the mackenzieB the st. LawrenceC the severnD the yukon 4 canada is bounded on the east byA the pacific oceanB the atlantic oceanC the indian oceanD the arctic ocean 5 who was the first european to discover canadaA john cabotB facques cartierC samuel de champlainD henry hudson 6 who founded the first permanent settlements at quebec and montreal on the wrence river？A john cabotB facques cartierC samuel de champlainD henry hudson 7.when was canada divided into upper canada and lower canadaA in 1763B in 1774C in 1791D in 1840 8 when was canada given internal self-government？A in 1791B in 1840C in 1848D in 1867 9 in 1949____became canada'tenth provinceA newfoundlandB prince edward islandC labradorD britain columbia 10 in 1905 two more provinces were created ，they wereA ontario and quebecB manitoba and british columbiaC Alberta and SaskatchewanD Newfoundland and prince Edward island 11 who was the frist prime minister of the nes Canada？A sir john MacDonaldB sir Wilfred LaurieC robert bordenD mackenzie king 12 in 1896___took over and the country was ruled under sir wilfrid laurier.A the conservative partyB the liberal partyC the labor partyD the new democratic party 答案 1.B 2 B 3 A 4 B 5 A 6 C 7 C 8 C 9 A 10 C 11 A 12 B ⼆、简答 1 canada is located in the western hemisphere 2 superior and huron 3 samuel de champlain 4 canada is the world's second largest country 5 by the statute of westminster in 1931 三、名解 1.the seven years'war ended with the signing of the treaty of paris in 1763.by the treaty of paris ，new france with its 65000 settlers was ceded to britain. The french colony on the wrence was regrganized as the british province of quebec 2.Henry Hudson was an english explorer ，in 1610，he reached greenland and discovered the huge bay in the centre of canada.the bay was named after him 3.samuel de champlain was a french explorer，in 1608 he founded the first permanent settlement at quebec and montreal on the wrence river.heunderstood that a monoploy of the inland fur trade could be better protected there ，where the river narrowed ，rather than at sites on the open coast of acadia.consequently.french colonization began to focus on the st.alwrencevalley。
英语国家概况修订版课后练习题含答案
英语国家概况修订版课后练习题含答案第一部分：选择题1.Which of the following countries has the highest populationin the world?A. United StatesB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. CanadaAnswer: C2.Which of the following countries is NOT one of the foundingmembers of the European Union?A. GermanyB. ItalyC. FranceD. SpnAnswer: D3.What is the capital city of Canada?A. TorontoB. VancouverC. OttawaD. MontrealAnswer: C4.Which language is spoken in Brazil?A. FrenchB. EnglishC. PortugueseD. SpanishAnswer: C5.What is the official language of the United States?A. SpanishB. EnglishC. FrenchD. GermanAnswer: B第二部分：填空题1.The official language of Australia is __________. Answer:English2.The longest river in the United States is the __________.Answer: Missouri River3.The largest desert in the world is the __________. Answer:Sahara4.The highest peak in Africa is __________. Answer: MountKilimanjaro5.The currency of Japan is called the __________. Answer: Yen第三部分：问答题1.What are the official languages of Canada?Answer: The two official languages of Canada are English and French.2.Which continent has the most English-speaking countries?Answer: The continent with the most English-speaking countries is North America.3.What is the capital of China?Answer: The capital of China is Beijing.4.How many countries are there in the European Union?Answer: There are currently 27 countries in the European Union. three countries in South America.Answer: Three countries in South America are Brazil, Argentina, and Peru.第四部分：解释题1.What is the meaning of the term。
(0200)《英语国家概况》复习大纲、样题及答案
（0200）《英语国家概况》复习大纲学习要点和课程考核目标参看课本最后附录页考试内容Part oneThe United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandChapter 1-10Part TwoThe Republic of IrelandChapter 11-12Part ThreeThe United States of AmericaChapter 13-22Part FourCanadaChapter 23-26Part FiveAustraliaChapter 27-32Part SixNew ZealandChapter 33-34（0200）《英语国家概况》样题及答案一．单项选择题Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question. (15 %)1. There are political divisions on the island of Great Britain.A. oneB. twoC. fourD. three2. The longest river in England is .A. the Tweed RiverB. the Rhine riverC. the Thames RiverD. the Seven River该题共15小题，每题一分。
请按顺序将答案写在答题纸相应的位置上。
每5个为一组，如1－5 adxxx评分标准：选对得一分。
英语国家概况样卷
I.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the space before each question.1. The British Isles are made up of ____.A. two large islands and hundreds of small onesB. two large islands and Northern IrelandC. three large islands and hundreds of small onesD. three large islands and Northern Ireland2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are ____.A. Britain, Scotland and WalesB. England, Scotland and WalesC. Britain, Scotland and IrelandD. England, Scotland and Ireland○3. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries ____.A. that have a large number of British immigrantsB. that fought on the side of Britain in the two world warsC. that speak English as their native languageD. that were once colonies of Britain○4. In British history, both Saxons and Angles came from ____.A. northern EuropeB. northern GermanyC. southern EuropeD. southern Germany5. It was ____ who laid the foundations of the English state.A. the VikingsB. the DanesC. the CeltsD. the Anglo-Saxons○6. ____ is perhaps the best-known event in English history.A. The Norman Conquest of 1066B. The Great Charter of 1213C. The Hundred Years’ War with FranceD. The English Renaissance7. In the reign of the Norman kings ____ flowered on the English soil.A. the German cultureB. the British cultureC. the Danish cultureD. the Norman culture8. ____ has long been popularly regarded as the foundation of English liberties.A. Domesday BookB. Magna CartaC. The Reform Act of 1832D. The Greater Charter of 18329. The English Renaissance achieved its finest expression in ____.A. Elizabethan DramaB. Leonardo Da Vinci’s worksC. Thomas Moor’s worksD. Thomas Wyatt’s poems10. Two of the most famous literary works of late 17th century England were John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress and ____.A. William Shakespeare’s HamletB. Francis Bacon’s EssaysC. John Milton’s Paradise LostD. Christopher Marlowe’s Tamburlaine11. As a result of the Industrial Revolution, Britain became ____.A. “the shop of the world”B. “the workshop of the world”C. “the centre of the world”D. “the leader of the world”12. ____ is generally regarded as the greatest writer in the English language.A. Christopher MarloweB. William ShakespeareC. Edmund SpenserD. Charles Dickens13. In Britain, the prime minister is the leader of the party that holds the most seats in ____.A. the House of LordsB. the House of CommonsC. the SenateD. the House of Representatives14. In Britain, private schools or independent schools are called ____.A. grammar schoolsB. high schoolsC. public schoolsD. state schools15. In America, the first English colony was founded at ____ in 1607.A. Jamestown, VirginiaB. Plymouth, MassachusettsC. New AmsterdamD. Boston, Massachusetts16. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.A. Ireland\FranceB. England\ChinaC. Scotland\EnglandD. England\the Netherlands17. The British established 13 colonies along ____.A. the west coast of North AmericaB. the west coast of South AmericaC. the east coast of North AmericaD. the east coast of South America18. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by ____.A. Abraham LincolnB. John AdamsC. Benjamin FranklinD. Thomas Jefferson19. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by ____ during the Civil War.A. George WashingtonB. Abraham LincolnC. Thomas JeffersonD. Franklin Roosevelt20. The famous leader of black movements in the U.S. in the 60s is ____.A. Abraham LincolnB. George GarrisonC. Douglas MoorD. Martin Luther King21. The functions of institutions of higher education in the U.S. are ____.A. research and teachingB. teaching and degree awardingC. professional training, teaching and public serviceD. teaching, research and public service22. Walt Whitman’s masterpiece is ____.A. “Leaves of Grass”B. “Songs of Myself”C. “A tramp Abroad”D. “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer”23. Which branch of the American government has the power to interpret the constitution?A. The Supreme Court.B. The PresidentC. The HouseD. The Senate24. The American Constitution was drawn up in 1787 when ____.A. the War of Independence was startedB. the War of Independence was wonC. the American Civil War was startedD. the American Civil War was won25. The Bill of Rights is the term used for the first ____ amendments to the Constitution of the United States.A. fiveB. sevenC. TenD. thirteen26. Among the following authors, the one who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, is ____.A. T.S. EliotB. Emily DickensonC. Walt WhitmanD. Richard Wright27. The legal holiday observed annually in the U.S. on the fourth Thursday of November is ____.A. Independence DayB. Thanksgiving DayC. Washington’s BirthdayD. Halloween28. The theme of Thanksgiving has always been ____.A. friendship and happinessB. peace and plentyC. cooperation and rich rewardD. love and happiness29.The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from ___.A. the 10th and 11th centuryB. the 12th centuryC. the 12th and 13th centuryD. the 13th centuryII.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the space given below each question.51.What is the official name of Great Britain?The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.52.In the election of 1979, who became the first woman prime minister in Britain? Margaret Thatcher.53.In Britain, what does BBC stand for?British Broadcasting Corporation55.What is the climate like in Britain?It has a favourable maritime climate---winters are mild, not too clod and summers are cool, not too hot, and it has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year.56.What are the two major political parties in the United States?They are the Republican Party and the Democratic Party60.What was the industrial revolution?The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.III. Give a brief introduction to one or two famous British universities in which you hope to study further after graduation.。
2023年最新的英语国家概况答案
2023年最新的英语国家概况答案Unit 1Ⅰ.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True orFalse.1. The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotlandand Wales. (T)英伦三岛包括英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(F)British3. Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language. (F)4.In terms of population and area，Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the UnitedKingdom. (F)英格兰是面积最大，人口最多的5. The longest river of Britain originates in Wales. (T)The River Severn:赛文河6. Because of political troubles，Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom. (T)Ⅱ. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1. The two main islands of the British Isles are.不列颠群岛是由两个大岛组成的：不列颠和爱尔兰A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Great Britain and ScotlandC.Great Britain and WalesD.Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom，is the smallest.A.EnglandB. ScotlandC.WalesD. Northern Ireland4. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element ofwords to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek5. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by theinfluence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish6. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of.A. grammarB. handwritingC.spellingD. pronunciation7. At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. aquarterC. One thirdD. one fifthIII. Give brief answers to the following questions·1. What is the full name of the U.K.The full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and NorthernIreland2. Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to ScotlandThey like to enjoy the beautifulScottish scenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to seeScotsman wearing kilts and playing bagpipes.3. How many periods can the development of the English language be divided intoand what are theyThe development of the English language can be divided into three periods: Old English, MiddleEnglish and Modern English.4. Why did English become more important after the Black Death(黑死病)The laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social importance after the Black Death, so English also grew in importance compared to French.Ⅳ. State your understanding of the following questions in about 100words.1. who are British peopleThe first known inhabitants in Britain were Celts who are the ancestors of welsh, Scottish and Irish people. Then came the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes who brought with them English language. Many people from other European countries came later, and in modern times there are a lots of immigrants from many formerCommonwealth(共和国) countries from every part of the world, and the British people are also composed of people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds.2. What is StandardEnglishStandard English is based on the speech of the upper class of the southeastern England; it is widely used in media and taught at schools. It is preferred by the educated, middle-class people. Is has developed and has been promoted as a model for the correct BritishEnglish. It is also the norm(标准) carried overseas. Today, StandardEnglish is codified to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary are much the same everywhere in the world where English is taught and used.Unit 2I. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1. The British history before 55 BC is basically undocumented. (T)2. The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC. (T)3. The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe— the Britons. (T)4. The Anglo—Saxons came to Britain in the mid-5th century. (T)(不考)5. The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6. The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)7. Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France(T)8. The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged classand the townspeople. (F)9. The Hundred Years’ War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans for trade and territory. (F)10. in an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions，Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)Ⅱ. Choose the one that best completes each of the followingstatements.1．Theattack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410．A．Norman B．DanishC．Celtic D．Germanic2．By the late 7th century，became the dominant religion in England．A．Celtic Christianity B．Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC．Germanic Christianity D．Roman Christianity3．Westminster Abbey(威斯敏斯特教堂) was built at the time of.A．St．Augustine B．Edward the Confessor(忏悔者爱德华)C．William the Conqueror D．Alfred the Great4．Themarked the establishment of feudalism(封建制度) in England．A．Viking invasion B．signing of the Magna CartaC．Norman Conquest D．Adoption of common law5．The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of.A．the House of Valois B．the House of YorkC．the House of Tudor(都铎楼) D．the House of Lancaster出身于族徽为红玫瑰的兰开斯特家族的亨利·都铎结束了玫瑰战争，登上了英国王位，称亨利七世6．The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’S effort to.A．divorce his wife B．break with RomeC．support the Protestants D．declare his supreme power over the church7. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between.A．Protestants and PuritansB．Royalists and ParliamentariansC．nobles and peasantsD．aristocrats and Christians8．was passed after the Glorious Revolution(光荣革命)．A．Bill of Rights B．Act of SupremacyC．Provisions of Oxford D．Magna Carta9.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of thecentury．A．17th B．18th C．19th D．20th10．Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century．A．17th B．18th C．19th D．20thIII. Give brief answers to the following questions.1. What are the two components of the British parliament2. What were s ome of Queen Victoria’s major achievements3. What were the two camps in Europe in World WarⅠ4. Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United States after World WarⅡ Answers:1. They are the House of Commons and the House of Lords.2. Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every aspect. She promoted further industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce. By the end of her reign, Britain had developed to an empire including a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world’s landmass.3. The Central Powers which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria and the Allied Powers which were mainly comprised of France, theRussian Empire, the British Empire, Italy and the United States.4. Because they were allied during the war and shared the same worries about the former Soviet Union.Ⅳ. State your understanding of the following questions.1. What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain2. The Rise and Fall of the British EmpireAnswers:1. The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways. First, industrial productivity increased dramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sprang up. Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes declined, and new ones emerged and developed. The conflict between the capitalists and the proletarians became the most important political issue.2. Colonization of Newfoundland, the first British colony overseas,in 1583 marked the 第一文库网beginning of the British Empire. By 1837, Britain had long been an empire which included the colonies in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and many small states in the West Indies. By the end of the 19th century, the British Empire included a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world’s landmass. During the mid-19th century, the British government consolidated the existing colonies by bringing them under the direct control of the government. Before World WarⅠ, Britain had the largest colonial empire in the world. However, Britain suffered great loss to its manpower in the two World Wars and exhausted its reserves of gold, dollars and overseas investment. Most of Britain’s colonies gained independence since the 1940s, which inevitably led to the fall of the Empire.Unit4 Politics and Government of UKI．Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False．1．Conventions(党代会) are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government．F2．The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history．F3．In reality，the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers．F4．British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations(英联邦国家)．F5．Lords Spiritual(上议院神职议员) and Lords Temporal(上议院世俗议员) are all members in the British Upper House(上议院).T6．The members in the House of Commons(下议院) are appointed rather than elected．F 上议院是指派的，下议院是选举的。
英语国家概况课后练习题含答案 (2)
英语国家概况课后练习题含答案综合题1.列举目前世界上说英语的国家，以及英语在这些国家中的地位。
目前世界上说英语的国家有：英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰等国家，同时在许多国际组织，例如联合国、世界卫生组织等中也广泛使用英语作为官方语言和工作语言。
2.英式英语和美式英语有哪些不同？举例说明。
英式英语和美式英语有很多的不同之处。
其中最明显的一点是音标和词汇。
英式英语往往使用音标符号“r”和“u”，而美式英语往往使用音标符号“ɹ”和“ʊ”。
此外，在词汇方面也有很多不同之处，例如，–英式英语：lorry，美式英语：truck；–英式英语：autumn，美式英语：fall；–英式英语：flat，美式英语：apartment。
3.英国各地方言有哪些？请任选一种方言进行简要介绍。
英国各地方言非常多，其中以威尔士语、苏格兰语和爱尔兰语为主。
这些方言往往在发音、语法和词汇上有很多的差异。
例如，–威尔士语中“ch”发音像“hi”，“th”发音像“th”；–苏格兰语中有很多单词使用不同的词汇来表示一样的意思；–爱尔兰语中拼写和发音的关系较为复杂。
这里简要介绍苏格兰语。
苏格兰语历史悠久，是一种独特的方言。
在苏格兰的一些地方如高地，苏格兰语还是重要的一种语言。
除了苏格兰人使用的大地方言外，苏格兰也有各个地区的方言。
例如，安格斯安卡斯特方言，如下：–“ochinae”代表“oh no”；–“lum”代表“chimney”；–“fooser”代表“muddle”。
选择题1.英语在以下哪个领域中具有最高的地位？A. 商业B. 文化C. 政治D. 科技答案：D2.根据以上综合题，以下哪个国家不是说英语的国家？A. 英国B. 瑞士C. 加拿大D. 澳大利亚答案：B3.英式英语和美式英语的音标在哪个方面不同？A. 音节B. 音符C. 音高D. 音色答案：B填空题1.苏格兰语在苏格兰高地地区依然具有重要地位，此外苏格兰也有各个地区的方言。
（完整版）英语国家概况试题库
（完整版）英语国家概况试题库英语国家概况试题库I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (10%)1. The Constitution of the United States was framed in Philadelphia in _________.A. 1776B. 1783C. 1787D. 16202. In the United States, the Department of ______ advises the President on foreign relations.A. DefenseB. StateC. CommerceD. Labor3. Representatives in the Unites States are elected _________.A. annuallyB. every two yearsC. every three yearsD. every four years4. Which of the following has the power to make federal laws and levy federal taxes?A. The executiveB. The legislativeC. The judicialD. The president5. The New Deal was started by ________.A. Franklin D. RooseveltB. J. F. KennedyC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson6. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?A. ProtestantismB. CatholicismC. IslamD. Judaism7. Which of the following is NOT a power of the President in the U.S.?A. To veto the bills passed by the CongressB. To appoint federal judges when vacancies occurC. To propose legislation to the CongressD. To make laws8. The first Catholic President in the U.S. was _______.A. John F. KennedyB. George WashingtonC. Abraham LincolnD. George W. Bush9. Due to his firm belief in non-violent peaceful protest in the spirit of India’s leader Gandhi, _______ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.A. Malcolm XB. John F. KennedyC. Martin Luther King, Jr.D. James Farmer10. In 1972, U.S. President _____ made a trip to China to improve relations with thePeople’s Republic of China.A. CarterB. TrumanC. BushD. Nixon11. ________ were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.A. The Anglo-SaxonsB. The NormansC. The Danish VikingsD. The Romans12. ________ is the smallest of the four parts of Great Britain.A. EnglandB. WalesC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland13. All of the following are major national parties in Great Britain except ________.A. the Conservative PartyB. the Labour PartyC. the Liberal DemocratsD. the Republican Party14. In Britain, a “vote of no confidence” is decided by _________.A. the House of CommonsB. the House of LordsC. the two major partiesD. the Prime Minister15. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to ___________.A. private schoolsB. independent schoolsC. state schoolsD. public schools16. Through the examination called “the 11 plus”, students with academic potential go to _____.A. grammar schoolsB. comprehensive schoolsC. public schoolsD. technical schools17. Which of the following is not involved in making the foreign policy in Britain?A. The QueenB. The Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeC. The Prime Minister and the CabinetD. The Ministry of Defence and the Treasury18. Which group of people CANNOT vote in the general election?A. Members in the House of CommonsB. Lords in the House of LordsC. The UK citizens above the age of 18D. The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic19. Halloween is celebrated on __________.A. October 31stB. November 5thC. March 17thD. December 25th20. All of the following was invented in Britain except ________.A. footballB. tennisC. basketballD. cricketII. Define terms1. Bill of Rights in the United States[The Bill of Rights consists of the first ten amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791. It was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.]2. Judicial review[Judicial review refers to the power of the Supreme Court to decide whether congressional legislation or executive action violates the Constitution.]3. The strategy of preemption in U.S. foreign policy[It is also known as the Bush Doctrine. In an address delivered to the West Point graduates, President Bush, for the first time, put forward the strategy of preemption. By preemption, the US means that when it determines that a country which is repressive and hostile to the US has acquired or produced weapons of mass destruction or has the potential to have such weapons, the US should use force to remove this threat to US security and should not wait till the danger becomes imminent or until the US is attacked.]4. The House of Lords[The House of Lords consists of the Lord Spiritual, who are the Archbishops and most prominent bishops of the Church of England; and the Lords Temporal, which refers to those lords whoeither have inherited the seat from their forefathers or have been appointed. The lords mainly represent themselves instead of the interests of the public.]5. Comprehensive schools (in Britain)[Comprehensive schools are the most popular secondary schools in Britain today. Such schools admit children without reference to their academic abilities and provide a general education. Pupils can study everything from academic subjects like literature to more practical subjects like cooking.]6. Constitutional monarchy (in Britain)[Constitutional monarchy is a monarchy in which the powers of the ruler are restricted to those granted under the constitution and laws of the nation. In Britain, the Queen is the official head of state, but her powers are largely traditional and symbolic. The constitution allocates the rest of the government’s power to the legislature and judiciary.]7. Federalism[A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each.]8. Counterculture[In the wake of the Free Speech Movement and the New Left, there appeared a phenomenon that historians called the counterculture. It rejected capitalism and other American principles. They had morals different from those taught by their parents. Some groups of youth tried to construct different ways of life. Among the most famous were the hippies. They sought new experience through dropping out and drug taking. But it was music, rock music in particular, that became the chief vehicle for the counter cultural assault on the traditional American society.The cou nterculture exerted a great influence upon people’s attitudes toward social morals, marriages, career and success.]9. Affirmative Action[It is a program that seeks to redress past discrimination through active measures to ensure equal opportunity, as in education and employment.]10. Blues (music)[Blues refers to a type of slow, sad music from the Southern US, from the city of New Orleans. It is derived from a blend of field chantey and spiritual – a form of hymn singing prevalent in African American Christian churches. The tradition of the vocal ballad usually accompanied by a guitar also contributed to the form of Blues. The music of the Blues has a peculiar, poignant sadness. The lyrics of the blues pieces are sardonic filled with wry, self-deprecating humor.]11. Sep. 11 terrorist attack[On September 11, 2001, terrorists hijacked four American passenger planes, two smashing into the World Trade Towers, one into the Pentagon, and the fourth one smashing into the fields in Pennsylvania as a result of the struggle by the passengers. 3,000 innocent lives were lost in the terrorist attacks. The whole world was shocked, and anti-terrorism became a priority on the agenda of the majority of the countries all over the world.]12. The House of Commons[The House of Commons is the real center of British political life because it it the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of the people who vote for them.]13. Grammar schools[It is a type of secondary schools in Britain. Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 through an examination called “11 plus”. Those children with the highest marks go to grammar schools, which lay emphasis on advanced academic subjects rather than the more general curriculum of the comprehensive schools and expect many of their pupils to go on to universities.]14. Puritanism[Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the Church of England. They believe that human beings are predestined by God before they are born. Some are God’s chosen people while others are damned to hell. Neither church nor good work can save people. The sign of being God’s elect is succ ess in his work or prosperity in his calling. They also argue that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God’s will and establish a direct contact with God. These beliefs have produced a great impact upon American culture.]15. New Deal[The New Deal refers to the domestic reform program of the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt. It is generally considered to consist of two phases. In the first phase (1933—1934), attempts were made to provide recovery and relief from the Great Depression through programs of agricultural and business regulation, inflation and price stabilization. In the second phase (1935—1941), social and economic legislation was provided to benefit the mass of working people.]III. Answer questions briefly.1. What are the four basic requirements for secondary school students who want to apply for a respected university in the United States?[Four requirements for university applicants in the United States: high school records; recommendations from high school teachers; impression during interviews by the university; scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests.]2. Describe briefly the three-tiered national court system of the U.S.[America federal court system consists of three levels: the Supreme Court, federal court of appeal, and federal district court.]3. Describe the four categories of institutions which comprise the system of higher education in the United States.[American higher education system is composed of four categories: the universitywhich can confer bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral degrees; the four-year undergraduate institutions; the technical training institution; and the two-year college or community college.]4. List the roles of the monarchy in Britain today.[The role of the monarch today is primarily a symbol of tradition and the unity of the state. Besides, she is legally the head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, commander in chief of the armed forces, and supreme governor of the Church of England. She also acts as advisor of the Prime Minister.]5. What factors play an important role in the contemporary foreign policy of UK? [Answer: Contemporary foreign policy of UK is influenced mainly by three factors: its imperial history, its geopolitical traits, and its special relationship with the United States.]6. It is said that British history has been a history of invasions. What are the major invasions?[The major invasions in the history of Britain include the Roman invasion in 43 A.D., the invasion by the Angles and the Saxons, the invasion by the Vikings from Scandinavia, and the Norman Conquest.]7. Illustrate the principle of checks and balances with examples.[It is a principle of government under which separate branches are empowered to prevent actions by other branches and are induced to share power. Example of checks and balances: the president has the power to veto bills and suggest bills; the judges are appointed by the president; the Congress can impeach the president; the Supreme Court has the power to decide whether a law or directive is constitutional (judicial review).]8. What are the major functions of British Parliament?[The functions of British Parliament are: to pass laws; to vote for taxation; to scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure; and to debate the major issues of the day.]9. What were the major ideas in the Declaration of Independence?[The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It also explained the philosophy of government: the power of government came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of government was to secure the rights mentioned above. The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.]10. What are the powers of the US president?[The president can propose legislation to Congress. He canveto any bill passed by Congress. But the veto can be overridden by a two-thirds vote in both houses. The president can appoint federal judges as vacancies occur. He is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. He has other broad authorities in running departments and handling foreign relations.]11. What are the two major concerns of many Americans about their political system? Why?[One concern is about the high cost of campaigning for public office, which may force candidates to spend more time raising money than dealing with important issues. The other concern is about the influence of the organized interest groups, which provide most of the money for political campaigns and thus pressurize the government officials to make policies in their favor.]12. What are the major features of American religion?[American religion is characterized by three major features. One is the harmonious co-existence of various religions. The second is the co-existence of strong religious beliefs and social progress. The Third is independence of church in terms of finance and building, and little concentration on doctrine or religious argument.]IV. Comment.1. Is American President directly elected by the people? Give reasons to support your idea.2. Describe the procedures of American presidential election.3. Discuss the factors which have contributed to the special relationship between Britain and the United States.4. Comment on the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s in America.5. Discuss the structure of British government today.6. Discuss the racial problems between black and white in the United States.7. How does the US Constitution divide power among the three branches of government? How do the branches check and balance each other?8. Make a comparison and contrast between British government and American government.9. Analyze the major principles of government in the Constitution of U.S.。
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新版英语国家概况考纲后的样卷英语巴士时间:2009-10-05 15:19自考英语论坛此套试题为新版书考纲后的“样卷”。
此套卷子对备考大纲改革后的第一次考试有极其重要的指导作用，所以将之公布给没有新版教材的所有考友共享。
由于时间关系，选择题的选项被略去。
I. 单项选择1 The British Isles are made up of .2 There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are .3 The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries that were once .4 In British history, both Saxons and Angels came from .5 It was who laid the foundations of the English state.6 is perhaps the best –known event in English history.7 In the reign of the Norman kings flowered on the English soil.8 has long been popularly regarded as the foundation of English liberties.9 During the Hundred Years’ War which ended in 1453, the expulsion of the English from France is regarded as a blessing for .10 Black Death , an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas, spread through Europe in the century.11 The English Renaissance achieved its finest expression in .12 The English Civil War has been seen as a conflict between .13 Two of the most famous literary works of late 17th century England were John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress and .14 In Britain, were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.15 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a .16 As a result of the Industrial Revolution, Britain became .17 is generally regarded as the greatest writer in the English language.18 During the British Civil Wars (1642-1651),the supporters of Parliament were called .19 In Britain, the prime minister is the leader of the party that holds the most seats in .20 In Britain, private schools or independent schools are called .21 In America, the first English colony was founded at in 1607.22 The first immigrants in American history came from and23 The British established 13 colonies along .24 The American War of Independence began with .25 The Declaration of Independence was drafted by .26 The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by during the Civil War.27 The 1920s in the U.S. has been described as a period of .28 McCarthyism refers to the anti-Communist hysteria whipped up by Senator McCarthy（注：此题选项为时间）29 The famous leader of black movements in the U.S. in the 60s is .30 The origin of the American party system can be traced to .31 The functions of institutions of higher education in the U.S. are .32 Walt Whitman’s masterpiece is .33 Which branch of the American government has the power to interpret the Constitution?34 The American Constitution was drawn up in 1787 when .35 According to the American Constitution, the United States has .36 The Bill of Rights is the term used for the first amendments to the Constitution of the United States.37 Among the following authors, the one who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, is .38 The legal holiday observed annually in the U.S. on the fourth Thursday of November is .39 The theme of Thanksgiving has always been .40 By long custom, nationally observed holidays in the U.S. include the following except .41 In terms of area Canada is the country in the world.42 The first British settlers in Canada were who refused to fight against the British army in the War of American Independence.43 In 1867 was passed creating the Dominion of Canada.44 Australia was originally inhabited by .45 is the oldest of the Australian states because it was the first colony established by Britain in 1788.46 Australia is one of the most urbanized countries in the world with of its population living in the suburbs of coastal cities and towns.47 is an integral and pervasive influence on national life and culture of Ireland.48 In Ireland, the constitution provides for both as official languages.49 The capital city of New Zealand is .50 The original inhabitants of New Zealand are called .II．一句话回答问题51 What is the official name of Great Britain ?52 In the election of 1979, who became the first woman prime minister in Britain ?53 In Britain ,what does BBC stand for ?54 Why does the United States have an ideal location for trade ?55 Why was America named after Amerigo Vespucci ?56 What are the two major political parties in the United States ?57 What are the two principal river systems in Canada ?58 Why is Australia a dry land ?59 When did Ireland declare itself a republic ?60 What animal is regarded as a national symbol of New Zealand ？III．名词解释61 The Industrial Revolution62 English Renaissance63 Separation of powers64 No taxation without representation。