There_be_句型用法归纳

There be 句型用法归纳

1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。

2. 结构：(1) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语.

(2) There are + 复数名词 + 地点状语.

there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。（就近原则）

eg. ① There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。

② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。（就近原则）

③There are many students and a teacher in our classroom. 我们教室里有许多学生和一位老师。（就近原则）

3. There be句型与have的区别：

(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。

eg. ①He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。

②There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。

4. 句型转换

一：否定句

There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not即可。not a/an/any + n.(注意在改否定句的时候如肯定句中有some要改为any，一般疑问句变化也一样)例如：

There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree.

二：一般疑问句

There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。看看下面两句是如何"改头换面"的吧：

There is some water in the bottle. → Is there any water in the bottle?

There are some cakes on the table. →Are there any cakes on the table?

三：特殊疑问句

There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：

①对主语提问：当主语是人时，用"Who's+介词短语?"；当主语是物时，用"What's + 介词短语?"。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式is(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：

There are many books over there. →What's over there?

There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?

②对地点状语提问：提问地点用”Where is / are+主语”。

例如：

There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?

There are four children in the classroom. →Where are the four children?

③对数量提问：

How many + 复数名词 + are there + 介词短语？

How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？

如： There are twelve months in a year. →How many months are there in a year?

There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in your purse?