专业词汇的中英文对照
敏捷与Scrum的中英文专业词汇对照表
敏捷与Scrum的中英文专业词汇对照表一、敏捷(Agile)1. 敏捷宣言(Agile Manifesto)2. 敏捷方法(Agile Methodology)3. 敏捷团队(Agile Team)4. 敏捷原则(Agile Principles)5. 敏捷实践(Agile Practices)二、Scrum1. Scrum框架(Scrum Framework)2. 产品待办列表(Product Backlog)3. Sprint待办列表(Sprint Backlog)4. Sprint计划会议(Sprint Planning Meeting)5. 每日站立会议(Daily Standup Meeting)6. Sprint评审会议(Sprint Review Meeting)7. Sprint回顾会议(Sprint Retrospective Meeting)8. 产品负责人(Product Owner)9. Scrum主管(Scrum Master)10. 开发团队(Development Team)11. 用户故事(User Story)12. 任务(Task)13. 故事点(Story Points)14. 燃尽图(Burndown Chart)15. 燃起图(Burnup Chart)16. 定义完成(Definition of Done)17. 定义就绪(Definition of Ready)18. Scrum板(Scrum Board)19. Scrum工具(Scrum Tools)20. 敏捷教练(Agile Coach)21. 敏捷转型(Agile Transformation)22. 敏捷领导力(Agile Leadership)23. 敏捷文化(Agile Culture)24. 敏捷组织(Agile Organization)25. 敏捷产品管理(Agile Product Management)26. 敏捷项目管理(Agile Project Management)27. 敏捷开发(Agile Development)28. 敏捷测试(Agile Testing)29. 敏捷交付(Agile Delivery)30. 敏捷质量(Agile Quality)31. 敏捷持续集成(Agile Continuous Integration)32. 敏捷持续部署(Agile Continuous Deployment)33. 敏捷持续交付(Agile Continuous Delivery)34. 敏捷估算(Agile Estimation)35. 敏捷优先级(Agile Prioritization)36. 敏捷风险管理(Agile Risk Management)37. 敏捷需求管理(Agile Requirements Management)38. 敏捷敏捷迭代(Agile Iteration)39. 敏捷敏捷冲刺(Agile Sprint)40. 敏捷敏捷发布(Agile Release)41. 敏捷敏捷反馈(Agile Feedback)42. 敏捷敏捷协作(Agile Collaboration)43. 敏捷敏捷沟通(Agile Communication)44. 敏捷敏捷学习(Agile Learning)45. 敏捷敏捷适应(Agile Adaptation)46. 敏捷敏捷改进(Agile Improvement)47. 敏捷敏捷敏捷迭代(Agile Agile Iteration)48. 敏捷敏捷敏捷冲刺(Agile Agile Sprint)49. 敏捷敏捷敏捷发布(Agile Agile Release)50. 敏捷敏捷敏捷反馈(Agile Agile Feedback)51. 敏捷敏捷敏捷协作(Agile Agile Collaboration)52. 敏捷敏捷敏捷沟通(Agile Agile Communication)53. 敏捷敏捷敏捷学习(Agile Agile Learning)54. 敏捷敏捷敏捷适应(Agile Agile Adaptation)55. 敏捷敏捷敏捷改进(Agile Agile Improvement)56. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷迭代(Agile Agile Agile Iteration)57. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷冲刺(Agile Agile Agile Sprint)58. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷发布(Agile Agile Agile Release)59. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷反馈(Agile Agile Agile Feedback)60. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷协作(Agile Agile Agile Collaboration)61. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷沟通(Agile Agile Agile Communication)62. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷学习(Agile Agile Agile Learning)63. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷适应(Agile Agile Agile Adaptation)64. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷改进(Agile Agile Agile Improvement)65. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷迭代(Agile Agile Agile Agile Iteration)66. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷冲刺(Agile Agile Agile Agile Sprint)67. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷发布(Agile Agile Agile Agile Release)68. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷反馈(Agile Agile Agile Agile Feedback)69. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷协作(Agile Agile Agile Agile Collaboration)70. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷沟通(Agile Agile Agile Agile Communication)71. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷学习(Agile Agile Agile Agile Learning)72. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷适应(Agile Agile Agile Agile Adaptation)73. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷改进(Agile Agile Agile Agile Improvement)74. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷迭代(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Iteration)75. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷冲刺(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Sprint)Agile Release)77. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷反馈(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Feedback)78. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷协作(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Collaboration)79. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷沟通(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Communication)80. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷学习(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Learning)81. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷适应(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Adaptation)82. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷改进(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Improvement)83. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷迭代(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Iteration)84. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷冲刺(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Sprint)85. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷发布(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Release). 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷反馈(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Feedback)87. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷协作(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Collaboration)Agile Agile Agile Communication)89. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷学习(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Learning)90. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷适应(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Adaptation)91. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷改进(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Improvement)92. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷迭代(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Iteration)93. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷冲刺(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Sprint)94. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷发布(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Release)95. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷反馈(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Feedback)96. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷协作(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Collaboration)97. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷沟通(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Communication)98. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷学习(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Learning)99. 敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷敏捷适应(Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Adaptation)Agile Agile Agile Agile Agile Improvement)三、敏捷与Scrum的核心理念与价值观1. 个体和互动高于流程和工具(Individuals and interactions over processes and tools)3. 客户合作高于合同谈判(Customer collaboration over contract negotiation)4. 响应变化高于遵循计划(Responding to change over following a plan)四、Scrum的角色与职责1. 产品负责人(Product Owner)负责定义产品的愿景和方向管理产品待办列表的优先级确保团队理解用户故事和需求2. Scrum主管(Scrum Master)确保Scrum流程得到遵守移除团队工作中的障碍促进团队自组织和跨职能工作3. 开发团队(Development Team)自组织地计划并完成工作每日站立会议中同步工作进展在Sprint评审会议中展示工作成果五、Scrum的工件1. 产品待办列表(Product Backlog)包含所有可能的产品需求由产品负责人负责维护2. Sprint待办列表(Sprint Backlog)从产品待办列表中选出的任务由开发团队在Sprint计划会议中创建3. 增量(Increment)在每个Sprint结束时完成的工作成果必须符合定义完成(DoD)标准六、Scrum的会议1. Sprint计划会议(Sprint Planning Meeting)决定Sprint目标并选择任务通常为8小时,每Sprint一次2. 每日站立会议(Daily Standup Meeting)每天进行,每个成员分享进展、计划和障碍通常为15分钟3. Sprint评审会议(Sprint Review Meeting)展示Sprint成果给利益相关者收集反馈,调整产品待办列表通常为4小时,每Sprint一次4. Sprint回顾会议(Sprint Retrospective Meeting)团队讨论Sprint过程中的经验和改进点通常为3小时,每Sprint一次七、Scrum的实践1. 时间盒(Timeboxing)为活动设定固定的时间限制确保会议和Sprint按计划进行2. 自组织(Selforganization)团队成员自主决定如何完成工作促进团队成员的责任感和创造力3. 跨职能(Crossfunctional)团队成员拥有完成工作所需的全部技能减少依赖和等待时间4. 持续集成(Continuous Integration)频繁地将代码集成到主分支通过自动化测试保持代码质量5. 持续部署(Continuous Deployment)自动将代码部署到生产环境加速反馈循环,提高交付速度八、敏捷与Scrum的优势1. 提高团队生产力2. 增强产品质量3. 提升客户满意度4. 增强市场响应能力5. 促进团队协作和沟通6. 增强组织的适应性和灵活性九、敏捷与Scrum的挑战1. 变化管理2. 团队协作3. 敏捷文化推广4. 领导力转型5. 敏捷工具的选择和使用6. 敏捷与现有流程的整合7. 敏捷技能的培训和发展8. 敏捷项目的监控和评估十、敏捷与Scrum的未来趋势1. 敏捷与DevOps的融合3. 敏捷在非软件行业的应用4. 敏捷与大数据分析的结合5. 敏捷在教育和培训中的应用6. 敏捷与区块链技术的结合7. 敏捷与虚拟现实和增强现实的应用8. 敏捷在医疗健康行业的应用通过这份对照表,希望能够帮助您更好地理解和应用敏捷与Scrum 的方法论,提升您的团队协作效率和工作质量。
保险专业词汇中英文
保险专业词汇中英文
保险行业涉及大量的专业术语,这些术语在中文和英文中都有其特定的表达方式。
以下是一些常见的保险专业词汇及其对应的中英文对照:
保险(Insurance)
保单(Insurance Policy)
保险人(Insurer)
被保险人(Insured)
受益人(Beneficiary)
保费(Premium)
赔款(Claim Payment)
免赔额(Deductible)
赔偿限额(Limit of Indemnity)
风险(Risk)
再保险(Reinsurance)
承保(Underwriting)
拒保(Decline to Insure)
解除保险(Cancellation of Insurance)
续保(Renewal of Insurance)
核保(Risk Assessment)
理赔(Claim Settlement)
等待期(Waiting Period)
保险期间(Policy Period)
保险责任(Insurance Liability)
这只是保险专业词汇中的一小部分,实际上,保险行业的专业术语非常丰富。
在实际应用中,建议参考相关的保险行业标准和规范,以确保术语使用的准确性和专业性。
专业词汇中英文对照
体外受精 In vitro fertilization
(IVF)
器官移植术 Organs’ transplanting
第十一讲
汉语
英语
安乐死 eue
汉语 卫生改革 市场经济 竞争 价值观念
第一讲
汉语
英语
• 道德
morals,morality
• 伦理学
ethics
• 道德哲学 moral philosophy
• 医学伦理学 medical ethics
• 生命伦理学 bioethics
• 职业道德 professional ethics
• 医学道德 medical morality
第二讲
知情同意 Informed consent
第九讲
汉语 英语
计划生育 Birth control; Family planning
优生学 Eugenics
生命的价 The value and 值和神圣 dignity of life
第十讲
汉语
英语
人工受精 Artificial insemination(AI)
第七讲
汉语
英语
预防医学 Preventive medicine
妇幼保健 Maternal and chil hygiene,
mother and child core 环境保护 Environmental
protection
第八讲
汉语
英语
医学科研 Medical research
人体实验 Experiments involving human subjects
社会工作专业词汇中英文对照(DOC)
社会工作专业词汇中英文对照社会调查的理论与方法Theories & Methods for Social Investigation 社会调查方法Methods for Social Investigation社会工作Social Work社会统计分析与SYSTAT应用Social Statistics Analysis & SYSTAT Application社会统计学Social Statistics社会问题研究Research on Social Problems社会心理学Social Psychology社会学概论Introduction to Sociololgy社会学简论Brief Introduction to Sociology社会学理论专题Current Issues in Theories of Socilolgy社会学问题研究Research on Problems of Sociology社会学研究方法Research Methods of Sociology社会主义财政学Finance of Socialism社会主义各国政,经体制讨论Discussion on Political &Economic Systems in Socialism社会学Sociology社会工作者Social worker案主Client社会问题Social problem社会心理Social mental state社会调查The society investigates个案社会工作Social cases work团体社会工作Social group work社区社会工作social Community work社工导论The introdution of social work社会调查应用the application for society investigates 家庭暴力Domestic violence失恋Disappoint in love人在情境中Person in situation弱势群体disadvantaged groups社会保障social security社会福利制度the social welfare system社会公德social morality单亲家庭single parent family独生子女the only child失业率rate of unemployment民工the imigrant worker社会学概论Introduction to Sociology社会工作概论Introduction to Social Work社会心理学Social Psychology国外社会学学说Sociological Theories in the West社会调查与研究方法Social Survey & Research Method社会统计与计算机应用Social Statistics and Application of Computer马克思主义社会学经典著作选读Selected Readings of Marxist-Leninist Classics社会保障与社会福利Social Security & Social Welfare当代社会学理论Modern Sociological Theories社会政策Social Policy文化人类学Cultural Anthropology中国社会思想史History of Social Theories in China人口社会学Sociology of Population农村社会学Rural Sociology城市社会学Urban Sociology家庭社会学Sociology of Family发展社会学Sociology of Development经济社会学Economic Sociology组织社会学Sociology of Organization专业英语English for Sociology社会学专题讲座Issues of Sociology民俗学Folklore Studies文化社会学Cultural Sociology宗教社会学Sociology of Religion教育社会学Sociology of Education越轨与犯罪社会学Sociology of Deviance & Crime当代社会的生活文化Life Style in Current Society西方社会思想史History of Western Social Thought社会问题Social Problems社会分层与社会流动Social Stratification &Mobility科学社会学Sociology of Education社会项目评估和统计指标Statistical Indexes &uation of Social Projects文化社会学Cultural Sociology历史社会学Historical Sociology政治社会学Political Sociology法律社会学Sociology of Law环境社会学Sociology of Environment劳动社会学Sociology of Labor公共关系Public Relations团体工作Group Work社区工作Community Work社会工作实习Practice of Social Work社会行政Social Administration数据分析技术Statistical Package &Applications for the Social Sciences贫困与发展Poverty and Development社会性别研究Gender Studies家庭社会工作Family Social Work临床社会工作Clinical Social Work社会立法Social lagislation老年社会工作Gerontological Social Work青少年越轨与矫治Juvenile Delinquency &Correction社区服务Community Services心理咨询Psychological Counseling整合社会工作实务Integrative Social Work Practice社会工作专业英语English for Social Work保险与信托Insurance and Entrustment教学实习Teaching Practice管理学Management TheoryAdministration 行政Basic assumptions and principles of ~行政的基本假定与原则Collaboration in 行政工作的合并In community organization 社区组织中的行政Consultation in 行政咨询Defined 行政的定义Importancy of 行政的重要性Interagency coopration 行政的重要性Shifting power in 行政分权Supervision in 行政督导social workers'club 社工俱乐部Administration in social work (journal ) 《社会工作行政》(杂志)Adolescents 青少年Drug abuse and 吸毒与青少年Health care services 青少年卫生保健服务Pregnancy and 怀孕与青少年Suicide and 自杀与青少年Adoption 领养Applicants for 申请领养人Indepengdent placements 独立安置Open 公开领养Sa fe families act 《领养与安全家庭法案》Advocacy 倡导In community organization 社区组织中的倡导In future of social work 未来社会工作中的倡导Aftercare facilities 出院后的照顾设施Agency settings 机构场所For group work 小组工作的机构场所Aging 老年Caregivers 老年照顾者Case management 个案管理Community organization and 社区组织与老年Day care centers 老年日间护理中心Health care services 老年健康照顾服务Income adequacy and 充足收入与老人Living arrangemengs and 居住安排与老年Independence and dignity in 老年的独立与尊严Mental health 心理健康Nursing home alternatives 护理院之外的选择Nursing homes 老年护理院Older americans act (1995)《美国老年人法案》(1995) Retirement 退休Suicide and 自杀与老年Trends and 人口老化趋势White house conferences on aging 白宫老年议会AIDS epidemic 艾滋病流行Alcoholism 醺酒Almshouses 济贫院A A for marriage amd family therapy 美国婚姻与家庭治疗协会A A for the study of group work 美国小组工作研究会A A of Group worker 美国小组工作者协会A A of marriage counselors 美国婚姻辅导委员会A A of medical social worker 美国医务社会工作者协会A A of psychiatric social work 美国精神病社会工作者协会A A of schools of social work 美国社会工作院校联合会A A of social workers (aasw)美国社会工作者协会A hospital association 美国议员联合会A psychiatric association 美国精神病学联合会A red cross 美国,自己翻译吧Assessment 评估In case work process 个案过程中的评估Associated charities 联合慈善机构Bachelor of social work (BSW)degress 社会工作学士学位Balanced budget act (1997)《平衡预算法案》1997Caregivers 照顾者Case management 个案管理With aging population 老年人口个案惯例FutureHistory ofParameters of 个案管理的参考标准Purpose ofResearch of 个案管理研究Case study method 个案研究方法Case work 个案工作Biopsychosocial 生理心理社会因素与个案工作DefinedDrug abuse andExamples of 个案工作的案例Freudian approach and 弗洛伊德派与个案工作Generalist perpective 通才观History ofKnowledge and 知识与个案工作Methods of 个案工作的方法Multisystens approach and 多元系统趋向与个案工作Problems inProcess ofPurpose ofSanctions and 社会制裁与个案工作Trends inValus andCertification of social workers 社会工作者认证Changing nature of work 工作性质的改变Charity organization societies (COS) 慈善组织协会Cheating 欺诈Child abuse and neglect 虐待与忽视儿童Child guidance movement 儿童指导运动Child welfareAdoptionAFDC 抚养儿童家庭补助计划个人感觉应该是:Aid to Families with Dependent Children(美国)对有子女家庭补助计划child abuse and neglectdefinedfoster care 给养照顾health care serviceshome caremental health services 儿童心理健康服务origins ofprotective services 儿童保护性服务TANF 给贫困家庭临时性援助?temporary aid to need family L ,need :贫困.还是应该用need 的形容词?Chronically 慢性精神病ChurchCivil rights movement 民权运动Closed systems 封闭系统CocaineCollaboration 协办Interagency 机构间的协办Teamwork concepts and 团队工作概念与协作Commitment 服务承诺Mental hospital 精神病院服务承诺Committee operation 委员会运作Commonwealth fund 英联邦基金Community chest 公益金貌似特指社区公益基金的意思community organization 社区组织corrections and 矫正和社区组织definedexaples ofhistory ofprinciples ofprocesesses in 社区组织的过程roles inschool social work andsommunity resources 社区资源confideniality 保密consulation 咨询assumptions of 咨询的前提假设future ofprinciples ofcontimuing education (CE) 继续教育contract with America 签约美国control groups 控制组coordination 协调in communityu organization 社会组织中的协调corporate health care 矫治definedgroup work inhistory ofpractice in 矫治实践prevention in 矫治中的预防工作processes and principles ofsocial problems relatedsocial services andCouncil on social work education (CSWE) 社会工作教育委员会Curriculum Policy Statements and Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards (EPAS)课程政策声明与教育政策和审核标准curriculum statements 课程声明generalist perspective and 通才观与CSWEhistory oflobbying by CSWE的游说工作minority groups andmission statement 使命陈述与prevention andpublicationsCouncils of Aocial Afencies 社会机构委员会Counseling 辅导FamilyMarriagePremarital 婚姻辅导Rehabilitation 康复辅导SchoolAnd social workCourts 法庭Crack 快克Crack/[krAk]n。
CMA考试专业用词中英文对照表
(March , 2014)
CMA 考试所用词汇的专业词典 (2014 年 3 月 28 日)
TERM 词汇 Abnormal Spoilage 非正常损耗 Absorbed Overhead 已吸收间接费用 Absorption Costing DEFINITION 定义 Unacceptable units that are not expected to occur under an efficient production process. 在有效率的生产流程下不应该发生的不合格品数量。 That portion of factory indirect cost that has been allocated to a specific product, or saleable service. (Also called Applied Overhead.) 已经分配给特定产品或适销服务的那部分工厂间接成本。(又称“已分配 间接费用”。) A costing system that assigns to inventory all types of manufacturing costs, including direct, indirect, fixed and variable. (Also called Full Absorption Costing.) 将所有各类制造成本,其中包括直接成本、间接成本、固定成本和变动成 本,分配给存货的成本计算方法。(又称“全部吸收成本法”。) The steps an accountant follows to analyze and record business transactions, prepare the financial statements, and prepare for the next accounting period. 会计人员分析、记录业务交易,编制财务报表,为下一个会计期间做准备 的步骤。 A pattern of depreciation in which the amount of depreciation computed in the early years is greater than the amounts computed in the later years. 一种折旧方法,其早期计提的折旧金额大于后期计提的金额。 The process of identifying, classifying, measuring, recording and communicating in monetary terms transactions and events of an economic entity that are of a financial character. 以货币为单位确认、分类、计量、记录和传递一个经济实体财务性质的交 易和事项的过程。 Revenue less all expenses included in the entity’s income statement. 实体的利润表中收入减去全部费用。 Principles and procedures to be followed by accountants as formulated by an authoritative body. (Also called Accounting Principles.)
金融学专业词汇(中英文对照)
金融学专业词汇(中英文对照)目录1. 货币与货币制度 (3)2. 国际货币体系与汇率制度 (4)3. 信用、利息与信用形成 (5)4. 金融范畴的形成与发展 (7)5. 金融中介体系 (7)6. 存款货币银行 (9)7. 中央银行 (10)8. 金融市场 (10)9. 资本市场 (13)10. 金融体系结构 (14)11. 金融基础设施 (14)12. 利率的决定作用 (15)13. 货币需求 (16)14. 现代货币的创造机制 (17)15. 货币供给 (17)16. 货币均衡 (18)17. 开放经济的均衡 (18)18. 通货膨胀和通货紧缩 (19)19. 货币政策 (20)20. 货币政策与财政政策的配合 (21)21. 开放条件下的政策搭配与协调 (22)22. 利率的风险结构与期限结构 (22)23. 资产组合与资产定价 (23)24. 商业银行业务与管理 (25)25. 货币经济与实际经济 (26)26. 金融发展与经济增长 (26)27. 金融脆弱性与金融危机 (27)28. 金融监管 (27)1.货币与货币制度货币:(currency)外汇:(foreign exchange)铸币:(coin)银行券:(banknote)纸币:(paper currency)存款货币:(deposit money)价值尺度:(measure of values)货币单位:(currency unit)货币购买力:(purchasing power of money)购买力平价:(purchasing power parity,PPP)流通手段:(means of circulation)购买手段:(means of purchasing)交易的媒介:(media of exchange)支付手段:(means of payment)货币需求:(demand for money)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)保存价值:(store of value)汇率:(exchange rate)一般等价物:(universal equivalent)流动性:(liquidity)通货:(currency)准货币:(quasi money)货币制度:(monetary system)本位制:(standard)金本位:(gold standard)造币:(coinage)铸币税:(seigniorage)本位币:(standard money)辅币:(fractional money)货币法偿能力:(legal tender powers)复本位制:(bimetallic standard)金汇兑本位:(gold exchange standard)金平价:(gold parity)金块本位制:(gold bullion standard)2.国际货币体系与汇率制度浮动汇率制:(floating exchange rate regime)货币局制度:(currency board arrangement)联系汇率制度:(linked exchange rate system)美元化:(dollarization)最优通货区理论:(theory of optimum currency area)货币消亡:(money disappearance)外汇:(foreign currency)外汇管理:(exchange regulation)外汇管制:(exchange control)可兑换:(convertibility)不可兑换:(inconvertibility)经常项目:(current account)资本项目:(capital account)汇率:(exchange rate)牌价:(posted price)直接标价法:(direct quotation)间接标价法:(indirect quotation)单一汇率:(unitary exchange rate)多重汇率:(multiple exchange rate)市场汇率:(market exchange rate)官方汇率:(official exchange rate)黑市:(black market)固定汇率:(fixed exchange rate)浮动汇率:(floating exchange rate)管理浮动:(managed float)盯住汇率制度:(pegged exchange rate regime)固定钉住:(fixed peg)在水平带内的盯住:(pegged within horizontal bands)爬行钉住:(crawling peg)外汇指定银行:(designated foreign exchange bank)货币的对外价值:(external value of exchange)货币的对内价值:(internal value of exchange)名义汇率:(nominal exchange rate)实际汇率:(real exchange rate)铸币平价:(mint parity)金平价:(gold parity)黄金输送点:(gold transport point)国际借贷说:(theory of international indebtedness)流动债权:(current claim)流动负债:(current liablity)国际收支说:(theory of balance payment)汇兑心理说:(psychology theory of exchange rate)货币分析说:(monetary approach)金融资产说:(portfolio theory of exchange rate determination)利率平价理论:(theory of interest rate parity)外汇风险:(exchange risk)中国的外汇调剂:(foreign exchange swap)3.信用、利息与信用形成信用:(credit)利息:(interest)收益:(yield)资本化:(capitalization of interest)高利贷:(usury)利率:(interest rate)债权:(claim)债务:(debt obligation)借入:(borrowing)贷出:(lending)盈余:(surplus)赤字:(deficit)跨时预算约束:(intertemporal budget constraint)资金流量:(flow of funds)部门:(sector)借贷资本:(loan capital)实体:(real)商业信用:(commercial credit)银行信用:(bank credit)本票:(promissory note)汇票:(bill of exchange)商业本票:(commercial paper)商业汇票:(commercial bill)承兑:(acceptance)背书:(endorsement)直接融资:(direct finance)间接融资:(indirect finance)短期国库卷:(treasury bill)中期国库卷:(treasury note)长期国库卷:(treasury bond)国债:(national debt)公债:(public debt)资本输出:(export of capital)国际资本流动:(international capital flow)国外商业性借贷:(foreign direct investment,FDI)国际游资:(hot money)4.金融范畴的形成与发展财政:(public finance)公司理财:(corporate finance)投资:(investment)保险:(insurance)财产保险:(property insurance)人身保险:(mutual life insurance)相互人寿保险:(mutual life insurance)信托:(trust)租赁:(leasing)5.金融中介体系金融中介:(financial intermediary)金融机构:(financial institution)借者:(borrower)贷者:(lender)货币中介:(monetary intermediation)权益资本:(equity capital)中央银行:(central bank)货币当局:(monetary authority)存款货币银行:(deposit money bank)商业银行:(commercial bank)投资银行:(investment bank)商人银行:(merchant bank)财务公司:(financial companies)储蓄银行:(saving bank)抵押银行:(mortgage bank)信用合作社:(credit cooperative)保险业:(insurance industry)跨国银行:(multinational bank)代表处:(representative office)经理处:(agency)分行:(branch)子银行:(subsidiary)联营银行:(affiliate)国际财团银行:(consortium bank)中国人民银行:(People’s Bank of China)政策性银行:(policy banks)国有商业银行:(state-owned commercial banks)资产管理公司:(assets management company)证券公司:(securities company)券商:(securities dealer)农村信用合作社:(rural credit cooperatives)城市信用合作社:(urban credit cooperatives)信托投资公司:(trust and investment companies)信托:(trust)金融租赁:(financial leasing)邮政储蓄:(postal savings)财产保险:(property insurance)商业保险:(commercial insurance)社会保险:(social insurance)保险深度:(insurance intensity)保险密度:(insurance density)投资基金:(investment funds)证券投资基金:(security funds)封闭式基金:(closed-end investment funds)开放式基金:(open-end investment funds)私募基金:(private placement)风险投资基金:(venture funds)特别提款权:(special drawing right,SDR)国有化:(nationalization)6.存款货币银行货币兑换商:(money dealer)银行业:(banking)贴现率:(discount rate)职能分工型商业银行:(functional division commercial bank)全能型商业银行:(multi-function commercial bank)综合性商业银行:(comprehensive commercial bank)单元银行制度:(unit banking system)总分行制度:(branch banking system)代理行制度:(correspondent banking system)银行控股公司制度:(share holding banking system)连锁银行制度:(chains banking system)金融创新:(financial innovation)自动转账制度:(automatic transfer services,ATS)可转让支付命令账户:(negotiable order of withdrawal account,NOW)货币市场互助基金:(money market mutual fund,MMMF)货币市场存款账户:(money market deposit account,MMDA)不良债权:(bad claim)坏账:(bad loan)不良贷款:(non-performing loans,NPL)存款保险制度:(deposit insurance system)金融资本:(financial capital)7.中央银行中央银行:(central bank)一元式中央银行制度:(unit central bank system)二元式中央银行制度:(dual central bank system)复合中央银行制度:(compound central bank system)跨国中央银行制度:(multinational central bank system)发行的银行:(bank of issue)银行的银行:(bank of bank)最后贷款人:(lender of last resort)再贴现:(rediscount)在抵押:(recollateralize)国家的银行:(the state bank)8.金融市场金融市场:(financial market)证券化:(securitization)金融资产:(financial assets)金融工具:(financial instruments)金融产品:(financial products)衍生金融产品:(derivative financial products)原生金融产品:(underlying financial products)流动性:(liquidity)变现:(encashment)买卖差价:(bid-ask spread)做市商:(market marker)到期日:(due date)信用风险:(credit risk)市场风险:(market risk)名义收益率:(nominal yield)现时收益率:(current yield)平均收益率:(average yield)内在价值:(intrinsic value)直接融资:(direct finance)间接融资:(indirect finance)货币市场:(money market)资本市场:(capital market)现货市场:(spot market)期货市场:(futures market)机构投资人:(institutional investor)资信度:(credit standing)融通票据:(financial paper)银行承兑票据:(bank acceptance)贴现:(discount)大额存单:(certificates of desposit,CDs)回购:(counterpurchase)回购协议:(repurchase agreement)隔夜:(overnight)银行同业间拆借市场:(interbank market)合约:(contract)远期:(forward)期货:(futures)期权:(options)看涨期权:(call option)看跌期权:(put option)期权费:(option premium)互换:(swap)投资基金:(investment funds)契约型基金:(contractual type investment fund)单位型基金:(unit funds)基金型基金:(funding funds)公司型基金:(corporate type investment fund)投资管理公司:(investment management company)共同基金:(mutual fund)对冲基金:(hedge fund)风投基金:(venture fund)权益投资:(equity investment)收益基金:(income funds)增长基金:(growth funds)长期增长基金:(long-term growth funds)高增长基金:(go-go groeth funds)货币市场基金:(money market funds)养老基金:(pension fund)外汇市场:(foreign exchange market)风险资本:(venture capital)权益资本:(equity capital)私人权益资本市场:(private equity market)有限合伙制:(limited partnership)交易发起:(deal origination)筛选投资机会:(screening)评价:(evaluation)交易设计:(deal structure)投资后管理:(post-investment activities)创业板市场:(growth enterprise market,GEM)二板市场:(secondary board market)金融创新:(financial innovation)金融自由化:(financial liberalization)全球化:(globalization)离岸金融市场:(off-shore financial center)9.资本市场权益:(equity)剩余索取权:(residual claims)证券交易所:(stock exchange)交割:(delivery)过户:(transfer ownership)场外交易市场:(over the counter,OTC)金融债券:(financial bond)抵押债券:(mortgage bond)担保信托债券:(collateral trust bonds)信用债券:(trust bonds)次等信用债券:(subordinated debenture)担保债券:(guaranteed bonds)初级市场:(primary market)二级市场:(secondary market)公募:(public offering)私募:(private offering)有价证券:(security)面值:(face value)市值:(market value)股票价格指数:(share price index)有效市场假说:(effective market hypothesis)弱有效市场:(weak efficient market)中度有效市场:(semi-efficient market)强有效市场:(strong efficient market)股份公司:(stock certificate)股票:(stock certificate)股东:(stock holder)所有权:(ownership)经营权:(right of management)10.金融体系结构功能主义金融观:(perspective of financial function)金融体系格局:(pattern of financial system)激励:(incentive)公司治理:(corporate governance)路径依赖:(path dependency)市场主导型:(market-oriented type)银行主导型:(banking-oriented type)参与成本:(participative cost)影子银行体系:(the shadow banking system)11.金融基础设施金融基础设施:(financial infrastructures)支付清算系统:(payment and clearing system)跨境支付系统:(cross-border inter-bank payment system,CIPS)全额实时结算:(real time gross system)净额批量清算:(bulk transfer net system)大额资金转账系统:(whole sale funds transfer system)小额定时结算系统:(fixed time retail system)票据交换所:(clearing house)金融市场基础设施:(financial market infrastructures)中央交易对手:(central counterparties,CCPs)双边清算体系:(bilateral clearing system)系统重要性支付体系核心原则:(the core principles for systemically important payment system)证券清算体系建议:(the recommendations for central counterparties)中央交易对手建议:(the recommendations for central counterparties)金融业标准:(financial standards)盯市:(mark-to-market)公允价值:(fair value)金融部门评估规划:(financial sector assessment program)12.利率的决定作用可贷资金论:(loanable funds theory of interest)储蓄的利率弹性:(interest elasticity of saving)投资的利率弹性:(interest elasticity of investment)本金:(principal)回报率:(returns)基准利率:(benchmark interest rate)无风险利率:(risk-free interest rate)补偿:(compensation)风险溢价:(risk premium)实际利率:(real interest rate)名义利率:(nominal interest rate)固定利率:(fixed interest rate)浮动利率:(floating rate)官定利率:(official interest rate)行业利率:(trade-regulated rate)一般利率:(general interest rate)优惠利率:(preferential interest rate)贴息贷款:(loan of interest subsidy)年利率:(annual interest rate)月利率:(monthly interest rate)日利率:(daily interest rate)拆息:(call money interest)13.货币需求货币需求:(demand for money)货币数量论:(quantity theory of money)货币必要量:(volume of money needed)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)交易方程式:(equation of exchange)剑桥方程式:(equation of Cambridge)现金交易说:(cash transaction approach)现金余额说:(cash balance theory)货币需求动机:(motive of the demand for money)交易动机:(transaction motive)预防动机:(precautionary motive)投机动机:(speculative motive)流动性偏好:(liquidity preference)流动性陷阱:(liquidity trap)平方根法则:(square-root rule)货币主义:(monetarism)恒久性收入:(permanent income)机会成本变量:(opportunity cost variable)名义货币需求:(nominal demand for money)实际货币需求:(real demand for money)客户保证金:(customer’s security marign)金融资产选择:(portfolio selection)14.现代货币的创造机制纯流通费用:(pure circulation cost)原始存款:(primary deposit)派生存款:(derivative deposit)派生乘数:(withdrawal multiplier)现金损露:(loss of cashes)提现率:(withdrawal rate)创造乘数:(creation multiplier)现金:(currency)基础货币:(base money)高能货币:(high-power money)货币乘数:(money multiplier)铸币收入:(seigniorage revenue)15.货币供给货币供给:(money supply)准货币:(quasi money)名义货币供给:(nominal money supply)实际货币供给:(real money supply)股民保证金:(shareholder’s security margin)货币存量:(money stock)公开市场操作:(open-market operation)贴现政策:(discount policy)再贴现率:(rediscount rate)法定准备金率:(legal reserve ratio)财富效应:(wealth effect)预期报酬率变动效应:(effect of expected yields change)现金持有量:(currency holdings)超额准备金:(excess reserves)外生变量:(exogenous variable)内生变量:(endogenous variable)16.货币均衡均衡:(equilibrium)投资饥渴:(huger for investment)软预算约束:(soft budget constraint)总需求:(aggregate demand)总供给:(aggregate supply)面纱论:(money veil theory)流:(flow)余额:(stock)17.开放经济的均衡国际收支:(balance of payments)居民:(resident)非居民:(nonresident)国际收支平衡表:(statement for balance of payments)经常项目:(current account)资本和金融项目:(capital and financial account)储备资产:(reserve assets)净误差与遗漏:(net errors and missions)自主性交易:(autonomous transaction)调节性交易:(accommodating transaction)偿债率:(debt service ratio)顺差:(surplus)逆差:(deficit)最后清偿率:(last liquidation ratio)资本流动:(capital movements)项目融资:(project finance)外债:(external debt)资本外逃:(capital flight)冲销性操作:(sterilized operation)非冲销性操作:(unsterilized operation)债务率:(debt ratio)负债率:(liability ratio)差额:(balance)18.通货膨胀和通货紧缩通货膨胀:(inflation)恶性通货膨胀:(rampant inflation)爬行通货膨胀:(creeping inflation)温和通货膨胀:(moderate inflation)公开性通货膨胀:(open inflation)显性通货膨胀:(evident inflation)隐蔽性通货膨胀:(hidden inflation)输入型通货膨胀:(import of inflation)结构性通货膨胀:(structural inflation)通货膨胀率:(inflation rate)居民消费物价指数:(CPI)零售物价指数:(RPI)批发物价指数:(WPI)冲减指数:(deflator)需求拉上型通货膨胀:(demand-pull inflation)成本推动型通货膨胀:(cost-push inflation)工资-价格螺旋上升:(wage-price spiral)强制储蓄:(forced saving)收入分配效应:(distributional effect of income)财富分配效应:(distributional effect of wealth)滞胀:(stagflation)工资膨胀率:(wage inflation)紧缩性货币政策:(tight monetary policy)紧缩银根:(tight money)紧缩信贷:(tight squeeze)指数化:(indexation)通货紧缩:(deflation)19.货币政策货币政策:(monetary policy)金融政策:(financial policy)货币政策目标:(goal of monetary policy)通货膨胀目标制:(inflation targeting)逆风向原则:(principle of leaning against the wind)反周期货币政策:(counter cycle monetary policy)相机抉择:(discretionary)单一规则:(single rule)告示效应:(bulletin effects)直接信用控制:(direct credit)信用配额:(credit allocation)流动性比率:(liquidity ratio)间接信用控制:(indirect credit control)道义劝告:(moral suasion)窗口指导:(window guidence)信用贷款:(lending)传导机制:(conduction mechanism)中介指标:(intermediate target)信贷配给:(credit rationing)资产负债表渠道:(balance sheet channel)时滞:(time lag)预期:(expectation)透明度:(transparency)信任:(credibility)软着陆:(soft landing)20.货币政策与财政政策的配合赤字:(deficit)经常性收入:(current revenue)税:(tax)费:(fee)经常性支出:(current expenditure)资本性收入:(capital revenue)补助:(grant)资本性支出:(capital expenditure)账面赤字:(book deficit)隐蔽赤字:(hidden deficit)预算外:(off-budget)透支:(overdraft)净举债:(net fiancing)未清偿债券:(outstanding debt)或有债务:(contingent liability)准备货币:(reserve money)国债依存度:(public debt dependency)国债负担率:(public debt-to-GDP ratio)国债偿债率:(government debt-service ratio)财政政策:(fiscal policy)补偿性财政货币政策:(compensatory fiscal and monetary policy) 21.开放条件下的政策搭配与协调米德冲突:(Meade’s conflict)国际政策协调:(international policy coordination)信息交换:(information exchange)危机管理:(crisis management)避免共享目标变量的冲突:(avoiding conflicts over shared targets)合作确定中介目标:(cooperation intermediate targeting)部分协调:(full coordination)汇率目标区:(target zone of exchange rate)马歇尔-勒纳条件:(Marshall-Lerner condition)J曲线效应:(J curve effect)22.利率的风险结构与期限结构单利:(simple interest)复利:(compound interest)现值:(present value)终值:(future value)竞价拍卖:(open-outcry auction)贴现值:(present discount value)利率管制:(interest rate control)利率管理体制:(interest rate regulation system)存贷利差:(interest rate regulation system)利率风险结构:(risk structure of interest rates)违约风险:(default risk)利率期限结构:(term structure of interest rates)即期利率:(spot rate of interest)远期利率:(forward rate of interest)到期收益率:(yield to maturity)现金流:(cash floe)预期理论:(expectation theory)流动性理论:(liquidity theory)偏好理论:(preferred habitat theory)市场隔断理论:(market segmentation theory) 23.资产组合与资产定价市场风险:(market risk)信用风险:(credit risk)流动性风险:(liquidity risk)操作风险:(operational risk)法律风险:(legal risk)政策风险:(policy risk)道德风险:(moral hazard)主权风险:(sovereign risk)市场流动性风险:(product liquidity)现金流风险:(cash flow)执行风险:(execution risk)欺诈风险:(fraud risk)遵守与监管风险:(compliance and regulatory risk)资产组合理论:(portfolio theory)系统性风险:(systematic risk)非系统性风险:(nonsystematic risk)效益边界:(efficient frontier)价值评估:(evaluation)市盈率:(price-earning ratio)资产定价模型:(asset pricing model)资本资产定价模型:(capital asset pricing model,CAPM)无风险资产:(risk-free assets)市场组合:(market portfolio)多要素模型:(multifactorCAPM)套利定价理论:(arbitrage pricing theory,APT)期权加价:(option premium)内在价值:(intrinsic value)时间价值:(time value)执行价格:(strike price)看涨期权:(call option)看跌期权:(put option)对冲型的资产组合:(hedge portfolios)套利:(arbitrage)无套利均衡:(no-arbitrage equilibrium)均衡价格:(equilibrium price)多头:(long position)空头:(short position)动态复制:(dynamic replication)头寸:(position)风险偏好:(risk preference)风险中性:(risk neutral)风险厌恶:(risk averse)风险中性定价:(risk-netural pricing)24.商业银行业务与管理银行负责业务:(liability business)存款:(deposit)活期存款:(demand deposit)支票存款:(check deposit)透支:(overdraft)定期存款:(time deposit)再贴现:(rediscount)金融债券:(financial bond)抵押贷款:(mortgage loan)信用贷款:(credit loan)通知贷款:(demand loan)真实票据论:(real bill doctrine)商业贷款理论:(commercial loan theory)证券投资:(portfolio investment)中间业务:(middleman business)表外业务:(off-balance sheet business)无风险业务:(risk-free business)汇款:(remittance)信用证:(letter of credit)商品信用证:(commercial letter of credit)代收业务:(business of collection)代客买卖业务:(business of commission)承兑网络银行:(internet bank)虚拟银行:(virtual bank)企业对个人:(B2C)企业对企业:(B2B)挤兑:(bank runs)资产管理:(assets management)自偿性:(self-liquidation)可转换性理论:(convertibility theory)预期收入理论:(anticipated income theory)负债管理:(liability management)资产负债综合管理:(comprehensive management of assets and liability)风险管理:(risk management)在险价值:(value at risk,VAR)25.货币经济与实际经济两分法:(dichotomy)实际经济:(real economy)货币经济:(monetary economy)虚拟资本:(monetary capital)泡沫经济:(bubble economy)虚拟经济:(virtual economy)货币中性:(neutrality of money)相对价格:(relative price)货币面纱:(monetary veil)瓦尔拉斯均衡:(Walras equilibrium)一般均衡理论:(theory of general equilibrium)超中性:(super-neutrality)26.金融发展与经济增长金融发展:(financial development)金融自由化:(financial liberalization)金融深化:(financial deepening)金融压抑:(financial repression)金融机构化:(financial institutionalization)分层比率:(gradation ratio)金融相关率:(financial interrelation ratio,FIR)货币化率:(monetarization ratio)脱媒:(distintermediation)导管效应:(tube effect)27.金融脆弱性与金融危机金融脆弱性:(financial fragility)金融风险:(financial risk)长周期:(long cycles)安全边界:(margins of safety)汇率超调理论:(theory of exchange rate over shooting)金融危机:(financial crises)资产管理公司:(asset management corporation,AMC)金融恐慌:(financial panic)优先/次级抵押贷款债券:(senior/subordinate structure) 28.金融监管金融监管:(financial regulation)公共选择:(public choice)最低资本要求:(minimum capital requirements)监管当局的监管:(supervisory review process)市场纪律:(market discipline)宏观审慎框架:(macro-prudential framework)分行:(branch)子行:(subsidiary)并表监管:(consolidated supervision)。
完整版)经济学专业词汇中英文对照
完整版)经济学专业词汇中英文对照XXX and ChineseAAccounting - 会计Accounting cost - 会计成本Accounting profit - 会计利润Adverse n - 逆向选择n - 配置n of resources - 资源配置Allocative efficiency - 配置效率Antitrust n - 反托拉斯法Arc elasticity - 弧弹性n - 假设Asymmetric n - 非对称性信息Average - 平均Average cost - 平均成本Average cost pricing - 平均成本定价法Average fixed cost - 平均固定成本Average product of capital - 资本平均产量Average product of labour - 劳动平均产量Average revenue - 平均收益Average total cost - 平均总成本Average variable cost - 平均可变成本BBarriers to entry - 进入壁垒Base year - 基年XXX - 双边垄断Benefit - 收益Black market - 黑市Bliss point - 极乐点Boundary point - 边界点Break even point - 收支相抵点Budget - 预算Budget constraint - 预算约束Budget line - 预算线Budget set - 预算集CCapital - 资本Capital stock - 资本存量Capital output。
- 资本产出比率Capitalism - 资本主义XXX - 基数效用论Cartel - XXXCeteris paribus n - “其他条件不变”的假设Ceteris paribus demand curve - “其他因素不变”的需求曲线Chamberlain model - XXX模型Change in demand - 需求变化XXX - 需求量变化XXX - 供给量变化Change in supply - 供给变化Choice refers to the act of XXX。
社会学专业词汇中英文对照小汇总
社会学专业词汇中英文对照暴民:mob比拟法:analogical method比例抽样:proportionate sample 不可知论:agnosticism 变态心理学:abnormal psychology不完全归纳:incomplete induction 边际效用递减:law of diminishing marginal utility柏拉图式爱情:Platonic love丛众:conformity残疾人:the handicapped参考书目:bibliography参考群体:reference group成人教育:adulteducation初婚年龄:age at firstmarriage垂直流动:verticalmobility出身群体:descentgroup抽样误差:samplingerror抽样范围:samplingframe参与式观察:participantobservation代沟:generation gap对照分析:contrastiveanalysis定性分析:qualititiveanalysis定量分析:quantitativeanalysis定额抽样:quotasample多重人格:multiplepersonality地位流动:statusmobility第一手资料:primarydata第二手资料:raw data单因素实验:single-factorexperiment地域性流动:geographical mobility法人:fictitions person反隔离:desegregation犯罪学:criminology父居家庭:patrilocalfamily父系亲属:agnate父子关系:filiation分析性研究:analyticalresearch封闭式监管:close custody封闭型问题:closed question分层随机抽样:stratified random sample规范:norms更年期:menopause 过激主义:ultraism个案研究:case study 个人主义:individualism归属需求:need to belong个人崇拜:personality cult功能主义:functionalism行话,黑话:argot横坐标:abscissa合理趋势:rational trend 霍桑效应:Hawthorneeffect婚姻调适:marriageadjustment宏观分析:macroscopicanalysis黄金分割:goldensection互补角色:complementary role家谱:family religrees截点:cut-off point拒答率:refusal rate绝对值:absolutevalue监护人:chaperonage角色冲突:role conflict角色距离:roledistance角色紧张:role strain金钱崇拜:mammonworship间接暗示:indirectsuggestion价值中立:value free价值判断:valuejudgement集体行动:collectiveaction家庭规模:family size家庭不与:disharmony offamily家庭制度:familyinstitution近亲繁殖:inbreeding寄宿学校:boardingschool教育程度:educationalattainment继嗣规则:descentrule阶级分化:classdifferentiation教条主义:dogmatism 经验主义:empiricism 介入变量:intervening variable集思广益法:brainstorming method经验我、客体我:empirical self克己:self-denial控制论:cybernetics 控制组:control group 刻板印象:stereotype 可婚年龄:marriageable age框架分析:frame analysis跨文化方法:cross-cultural method量变:quantitative change列表:tabulation 理想类型:ideal type利他主义:altruism利己主义:egoism老年痴呆:seniledementia目测:eye measure民法:civil law母爱:maternal love疯人院:mad house美国化:americanization母居家庭:matrilocalfamily民意测验:publicopinion poll描述性概念:descriptive concept摩擦性失业:frictionalunemployment迷惘的一代:lostgeneration能动性:activeness年龄优势:agedomination年龄构成:agecomposition男性女化:effemination内化角色:internalizedrole男性本位论:androcentric theory普遍性:universalism平均年龄:mean age平向流动:horizontalmobility普遍模式:universalpattern配对分析:pairanalysis旁观者效应:bystandereffect前言:preface弃婴:abandonment ofinfants亲属群体:kin group群体风气:group climate群体思维:groupthink 群众行动:mass action 趋势分析:trend analysis情绪感染:emotional contagion情绪创伤:emotional trauma人类学:anthropology 人口学:demography 人格分裂:dissociation of personality认知需求:need for cognition认同危机:identity crisis人道主义:humanitarianism声望:prestige索引:index失眠:agrypnia 术语:technical term赡养费:alimony失语症:aphasia受试人:experimentsubject社会人:sociologicalman宿命论:fatalism上向流动:upwardmobility适者生存:fittest tosurvive深入访问:depth/intensiveinterview树型分析:treeanalysis双重态度:dualattitudes适当样本:fair sample失常行为:aberrantbehavior社会适应:socialadaptation社会惯性:socialinertia受控试验:controlledexperiment试点调查:pilotinvestigation睡眠者效应:sleepereffect适应性反应:adaptation reaction社会决定论:agelicism社会改善论:meliorism生物决定论:biologicaldeterminism双职工家庭:dual-career family随机化设计:randomized design实验室实验:laboratoryexperiment说明性分析:explanatory study他杀:homicide胎儿:fetus推论:deduction同化:assimilation特殊性:particularism 退伍军人:veteran统计假象:statistical artifact态度量表:attitude scale通俗文化:popular culture逃避现实:retreat from reality探索性研究:exploratory study问卷:questionnaire 伪科学:pseudo-science文化促进:cultural acceleration微观分析:microscopic 外来援助:extrinsic aid 外显行为:manifestbehavior文献研究:libraryresearch外向性格的人:extrovert酗酒:alcoholism信度:credibility刑法:criminal law谢金:acknowledgementmoney享乐主义:hedonism雪球效应:snowballeffect信息过滤:informationfiltering文化偏见:bias ofculture性别歧视:sexism心理年龄:mental age心理满足:psychicgratification心理治疗:mentalhealing下向流动:downwardmobility现实主义:actualism学术自由:academicfreedom行动方案:actionscheme系统抽样:systematicsample线性趋势:liner trend习得性无助:learnedhelplessness小群体研究:smallgroup research选择性记忆:selectiveretention先天后天之争:nature-nurturedebate需要不足失业:demand-deficiencyunemployment抑郁:dysthymia因变量:dependent variable邮寄问卷:mail questionnaire异常曲线:abnormal curve意外受孕:accidental pregnancy因果联系:causal nexus原始资料:raw data应用逻辑:logic-in-use 移情作用:empathy样本统计:sample statistics有限总体:finite population已分组资料:grouped data一夫一妻家庭:monogamous family自恋:autophilia周岁:exact age择偶:mate selection资料库:data bank自变量:independentvariable总体法:aggregatemethod专业词汇:specialvocabulary罪感情结:guiltcomplex增长曲线:growthcurve长老统治:genocracy自我暗示:autosuggestion自然选择:naturalselection自我知觉:self-awareness自我概念:self-concept自我表露:self-disclosure自我展示:self-presentation自我监控:self-monitoring祖先崇拜:ancestorcult自答问卷:self-administeredquestionnaire重点访问:focusedinterview自卫性敏感:defensivesensitivity。
电力系统专业单词中英文对照
常用专业词汇中英文对照屏蔽双绞pair twisted screened常闭接点normally closed contact常开接点normally open contact备自投Automatic Takeover to Stand-by Supply遥信Remote indicationUnit-generator step-up transformers发变组Be subject to 服从于Step-up transformer升压变High-side(high voltage side) of the transformer变压器高压侧Low-side of the transtormer变压器低压侧Magnetizing inrush current励磁涌流Undervoltage Load Shedding 低电压甩负荷Margin 余地边界页面空白利润Yield 产生Dilute 冲淡稀释This includes compliance with IEEE and IEC standards for electrostatic discharge, fast transients, radiated emissions, surge-withstand capability, dielectric strength, pulsed magnetic fields, and disturbances.Specify optional具体指定的选择Open CT-------CT断线open or shorted CT conditions-------CT断线或短路状态including single- and dual-busbar, transfer-bus, tie-breaker分段Buscoupler 母联(母线并联)breaker-and-a-half, ring-bus, and double-bus/double-breakerconfigurations.重瓦斯heavy gasAccessories附件Bypass旁路,分流,绕开Inflexion拐点is converted to转换为over-current blocked by complex voltage复合电压闭锁过流Advances the State of the Art先进的技术发展水平act in concert(音乐会)with与…相呼应in minimum operation mode 最小运行方式in conjunction with与…协力disconnect auxiliary contacts. 隔离刀辅助接点(SEL说明书)Buscoupler母联(SEL说明书)tie-breaker分断断路器(SEL说明书)Coupler Security Logic母联逻辑(SEL说明书)Tag n标签,vt加标签Put tag贴标签Have you put tags on your luggage?Transfer Bus 旁母Main bus 主母Dedicated 专用的优点与缺点advantages and disadvantages极性标记(同名端)Polarity markconservative settings 保守的定值(笨的定值)开口三角Broken-Delta ;Open-Delta减出力decrease power output突然加电inadvertent energization励磁field失磁out-of-field合闸位置 closed position(肯定对)分闸位置 open position(肯定对)/trip position防跳 antibumping原理图Elementary Diagram接线图 Wiring Diagram单线图 One Line Diagram方块图、结构图 Block Diagram展开图 Developing Diagram简图 Schematic Diagram略图 Schema控制转换开关Control and Transfer Switch多层开关 Multiple Switch多功能开关 Multi-Function Switch把手、手柄 Handle端子箱 Terminal Cabinet端子排 Terminal Block监视 Monitoring测量 Metering瓦斯保护继电器 Buchholz Protector动作机理Mechanism of Action操作机构Operation Mechanism转换 Commutate保护动作 Protection Action启动 Starting up升高/降低(动) Raise/Go down升高/降低(动) Raise/Reduce增加/减少 Increase/Decrease高/低(名) Upper/lower接地 Grounding接地 Earthing压板 Clamp辅助结点 Auxiliary Contact电流回路测试盒 Test Block隔离刀闸 Isolator隔离刀闸 Disconnectorshielded twisted pair屏蔽双绞线intelligent electrical device 智能测控装置generator 发电机transformer 变压器/互感器motor 电动机meter 仪表power automation system 电力自动化系统phase mark相别substation automation system 变电站自动化系统oscillation /swing振荡chip 芯片resolution 分辨率relay 继电器parameter 参数frequency 频率power factor 功率因数2×16 character liquid crystal display 2行X16字符液晶显示dual RS485 communication interface 带双路RS-485通信接口three-phase voltage/current input 三相电压/电流输入active power 有功功率reactive power 无功功率configuration 配置maintenance 维护debugging 调试live wire 火线SOE(sequence of event) 事件顺序记录transient process暂态过程Input/output 输入/输出transducer 变送器rated voltage/current/frequency 额定电压/电流/频率impedance 阻抗earthing resistance 接地电阻circuit breakers 断路器vacuum circuit breakers 真空断路器rated main busbar current 主母线额定电流enclosure/internal 外壳/内部supply voltage/current 电源电压/电流petrolic engine 汽油发动机diesel engine 柴油发动机micro ammeter 微安表high voltage testing transformer 高压试验变压器metallic door handle金属门把手DC double bridge 直流双臂电桥transformer ratio bridge 变压比电桥relay protection tester 继电保护测试仪micro ohmmeter 微电阻测量仪earthing resistance meter 接地电阻表digital multimeter数字万用表megohmmeter 兆欧表electronic megohmmeter 电子兆欧表power distribution compartment 配电室alternation switch 转换开关high/low voltage switchgear高/低压开关柜earthing knife switch 接地刀开关interlocking device 连锁装置hexagonal rotation axis 六角转轴back cover board 后盖板fuse 熔断器AI (analog input) 模拟量/遥测量cable incoming, outgoing 电缆进、出线breaking capacity 开断容量arrester 避雷器electrical equipment 电气设备busbar 母线load switch 负荷开关secondary components 二次元件truck 手车earthing line 接地线coil 线圈contactor 接触器sensor 传感器winding 绕组high voltage output 高压输出AC withstand voltage test 交流耐压试验earthing bar 接地棒attracting voltage 吸合电压releasing voltage 释放电压protection device sampling debugging 装置采样调试protection device instantaneous over-current debugging 装置速断保护调试protection device definite-time over-current debugging 装置过流保护调试zero-sequence protection debugging 装置零序保护调试pressure relief flap压力释放板branched busbar 分支母线bottom board 底板removable partition装卸式隔板secondary plug二次插头small busbar terminal box 小母线端子terminal block端子排disconnect contact device 隔离触头装置control wire duct控制线槽feeder 一回输电线路semiconductor 半导体mechanical endurance机械寿命electrical endurance 电寿命operation startup current 操作启动电流rectifier 整流器tripping current of the opening coil 分闸线圈脱扣电流monitor 监视器connection diagrams 接线图polarity极性power supply units and master modules 主控机与电源单元coupling modules 耦合模块accessories 附件analog modules 模拟量模块application modules 应用模块digital input/output modules 数字量输入/输出模块brake contact制动接点overvoltage protection module 过电压保护模块station board 配电屏electromechanical 机电一体thermistor 热敏电阻baud rate 波特率superconductor 超导体power plant 发电厂tap 分接头LED(light-emitting diode)发光二极管controller 控制器hydraulic power plant 水电站instrument board 仪表盘UPS (Uninterruptable Power Supply) 不间断电源indicator 指示器DC (direct current) 直流AC (alternating current) 交流active defect 运行故障active output 有功输出active-power loss 有功功率损耗active standard 现行标准AC voltage stabilizer 交流稳压器pulse 脉冲air switch 空气开关water vapor 水蒸汽terminal board 接线板short-circuit 短路shielding layer 屏蔽层export 导出electricity measurement 电量测量signal acquisition 信号采集LCD (liquid crystal display) 液晶显示remote communication 远程通信dual RS485 communication interface 双路RS485通信接口three-phase voltage/current input 三相电压/电流输入protocol 规约,协议four digital inputs 4路数字量输入rolling record 循环记录V,I,P,Q,F,Cosф,E电压、电流、有功功率、无功功率、频率、功率因数、有功电度voltage/current transformation ratio 电压/电流变比photoelectric isolation 光电隔离PT (potential transformer) 电压互感器default value 默认值CT (current transformer) 电流互感器calibration parameter 校准参数RMS (root mean square) 均方根,有效值filmy button 薄膜按键Wye system 星形系统energy counter input 电度chain controller 回路控制器message format 报文格式DI (digital input) 遥信量real-time data 实时数据power energy 电能front panel 面板bit change 变位electromagnetic fields 电磁场intelligent switching cabinet 智能开关柜form-C dry contact C型干触点Integrated substation automation 变电站综合自动化Harmonic 谐波Wave recorder 录波Workstation 工作站Public electric utility 市电电源Central alarm unit for electric fire leakage 电气火灾漏电集中告警器Computer protection system计算机保护系统Industry and building substation and distribution automation system 工业及楼宇变配电自动化系统Communication control unit 通讯主控单元Three-phase operation box 三相操作箱Voltage switch box 电压切换箱Transformer extension relay box 变压器重动箱Neutral point earthing resistance cubicle 中性点接地电阻柜Hydraulic car crane 液压汽车吊Automotive truck 载重汽车Coach 载人客车Mobile machinery shop with four seats 双排座工程车Hydraulic fork lift truck液压叉车Engine driven capstan 机动缴磨Welding machine 电焊机Press pliers压接钳Chain wheel 链条葫芦Bench drill 台钻Electric portable drill 手电钻Churn drill 冲击钻Jack 千斤顶Welding tool 气焊工具Electromotive refacer 电动磨光机Petrol gas heating 石油气加热项目Bolt clipper 断线钳Tensile strength meter 拉力表Moment spanner 力矩扳手Adjustable auto transformer 自藕调压器Phase sequence meter 相序表Withstand voltage tester 耐压试验装置Water level 水准仪Stop watch 秒表Micro-ohmmeter 微欧计Micro-processor protection panel 微机保护屏Fundamental current 基波电流Power transmission and substation engineering 输变电工程Electric Supply Authority 供电局Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL公司全称储能 charging合闸 closing分闸 opening绝缘 insulation性能 performance过载 overload故障 fault多路传输 multiplex transmission备用 back-up比特、位 bit检修 overhaul冗余的 redundancy消耗 consumption冷却 cooling有功的active放大 amplify人造的 artificial手工的,人工的 manualFARAD 200 SEA4.0软件类(software)parallel interface 并行接口serial interface 串行接口application management 应用程序管理clipboard 剪贴板event system 事件系统browser 浏览器event log 事件日志removable storage 可移动存储routing and remote access 路由与远程访问server 服务器daily qualification rate 日合格率inhibit operation 禁止操作tele-indication blockage 遥信封锁invalid object 对象无效exactitude rate/success rate 正确率/成功率event handling 事件处理designer 设计人员operator 操作人员remote access server 远程访问服务器paste function 粘贴函数database 数据库file 文件edit 编辑view 视图insert (v.) insertion (n.) 插入tools 工具format 格式paste special 选择性粘贴alignment 对齐font 字体favorite 收藏夹peak value 峰值valley value 谷值normal(level) value 平值hyperlink 超级链接development environment 开发环境operation environment 运行环境graphic edit 图形编辑alarm event and handling 报警事件及处理PDR and recurrence 事故追忆与重演history data and real-time data retrieval 历史数据与实时数据检索fault diagnosis 故障诊断dual computers hot standby 双机热备remote maintenance 远程维护front controller 前端控制器thread 线程multimedia graphical user interface 多媒体图形界面transparent network technology 透明网络技术data acquisition technology 数据采集技术micro-kernel control and dispatching technology 微内核控制调度技术virtual reality scenes 虚拟现实场景variable 变量node 节点dynamic/line/fill/text property 动态/线/填充/文本属性time strings 时间串hotkey 热键alarm dead band 报警死区customization 定制reference frequency 基准频率window position fixation 窗口位置固定initialization full-screen display 初始化全屏显示initialization picture adaptation 初始化画面自适应task manager 任务管理器alarm appearance color 报警消失颜色synchronization 同步network congestion 网络堵塞supervisory control picture 监控画面homepage 主页print preview 打印预览standard serial port communication 标准串口通讯slash 斜线backslash 反斜线more/greater than 大于号less than 小于号asterisk 星号period 句号question mark 问号quotation mark 引号vertical bar 竖线transverse line 横线colon 冒号semicolon 分号parity check 奇偶校验data mapping table 数据映射表scroll bar 滚动条refresh 刷新list box 列表框bypass replacement 旁路替代bitmap file 位图文件consolidate 合并gateway 网关grid structure 网状结构subassembly programming 组件编程single-server 单机multi-server 多机browsing station 浏览站ODBC: Open Database Connectivity 开放式数据库互连distributed system architecture 分布式系统结构template database 模版库dual-device/computers/network redundancy 双设备/机/网络冗余history/curve database 历史/曲线数据库alarm voice file 报警语音文件pop-up picture file 弹出画面文件default path 缺省路径high-density curve 高密度曲线analog data overview模拟量一览digital data overview 开关量一览counter input data overview 电度量一览real-time alarm 实时报警communication fault 通讯故障report system 报表系统electrical report function 电力报表函数load 加载invoke 调用communication driver 通讯驱动snapshot 快照expression 表达式operational status 运行状况user manual 用户手册free disk space 硬盘余留空间program group 程序组registration number 注册号system/network configuration 系统/网络配置user right 用户权限auto start 自动启动password 口令shortcut 快捷方式directory for storing executable program 可执行程序存放目录auto logon 自动登录operation ticket 操作票symbol directory 图元库目录menu bar 菜单栏activate 激活project database 工程数据库table control 表格控件enable dual-computers hot standby 双机热备投用standby server query period 备机查询周期timeout time 超时时间history database synchronization days 历史数据库同步天数computer table 计算机表dial-up workstation 拨号工作站standard serial port communication 标准串口通讯upper/lower computer 上/下位机remark 备注object table 对象表logic relationship 逻辑关系interval 间隔deletion (n.) delete (v.) 删除power equipment 电力设备read only 只读prompt 提示subdirectory 子目录current directory 当前目录command/channel timeout 命令/通道超时master station address 主站地址title bar 标题栏toolbar 工具栏previous 上页next 下页picture file 图形文件real-time bar chart 实时棒图subsection electricity bar chart 分段电量棒图logout 退出,退路multi-electricity pie chart 多电量饼图printout 打印输出print setup 打印设置zoom in 缩小zoom out 放大scroll display 滚动显示daily/monthly report 日/月报表unqualified daily minutes 日不合格分钟数average value 平均值monthly trips due to faults月故障跳闸次数monthly repair time 月检修时间reactor电抗器The fuse blew out and the house was in darkness.保险丝烧断使得整个房子漆黑一片。
电力电子-专业词汇中英文对照
电力电子-专业词汇中英文对照〔一〕Absorber Circuit吸收电路AC/AC Frequency Converter交交变频电路AC power control 交流电力控制AC Power Controller 交流调功电路AC Power Electronic Switch 交流电力电子开关Ac Voltage Controller 交流调压电路Asynchronous Modulation 异步伐制Baker Clamping Circuit 贝克箝位电路Bi-directional Triode Thyristor 双向晶闸管Bipolar Junction Transistor-- BJT 双极结型晶体管Boost-Buck Chopper 升降压斩波电路Boost Chopper 升压斩波电路Boost Converter 升压变换器Bridge Reversible Chopper 桥式可逆斩波电路Buck Chopper 降压斩波电路Buck Converter 降压变换器Commutation换流Conduction Angle导通角Constant Voltage Constant Frequency --CVCF恒压恒频Continuous Conduction--CCM〔电流〕持续模式Control Circuit控制电路Cuk Circuit CUK 斩波电路Current Reversible Chopper电流可逆斩波电路Current Source Type Inverter--CSTI电流〔源〕型逆变电路Cyclo convertor周波变流器DC-AC-DC Converter直交直电路DC Chopping直流斩波DC Chopping Circuit直流斩波电路DC-DC Converter直流-直流变换器Device Commutation器件换流Direct Current Control直接电流控制Discontinuous Conduction mode〔电流〕断续模式displacement factor位移因数distortion power畸变功率double end converter双端电路driving circuit驱动电路electrical isolation电气隔离fast acting fuse快速熔断器fast recovery diode快恢复二极管fast revcovery epitaxial diodes快恢复外延二极管fast switching thyristor快速晶闸管field controlled thyristor场控晶闸管flyback converter反激电流forced commutation强迫换流forward converter正激电路frequency converter变频器full bridge converter全桥电路full bridge rectifier全桥整流电路full wave rectifier全波整流电路fundamental factor基波因数gate turn-off thyristor——GTO可关断晶闸管general purpose diode普通二极管giant transistor——GTR电力晶体管half bridge converter半桥电路hard switching硬开关high voltage IC高压集成电路hysteresis comparison带环比较方式indirect current control间接电流控制indirect DC-DC converter直接电流变换电路insulated-gate bipolar transistor---IGBT绝缘栅双极晶体管intelligent power module---IPM智能功率模块integrated gate-commutated thyristor---IGCT集成门极换流晶闸管inversion逆变latching effect擎住效应leakage inductance漏感light triggered thyristor---LTT光控晶闸管line commutation电网换流load commutation负载换流loop current环流电力电子-专业词汇中英文对照〔二〕1 backplane 背板2 Band gap voltage reference 带隙电压参考3 bench top supply 工作台电源4 Block Diagram 方块图5 Bode Plot 波特图6 Bootstrap 自举7 Bottom FET Bottom FET8 bucket capacitor 桶形电容9 chassis 机架11 constant current source 恒流源12 Core Saturation 铁芯饱和13 crossover frequency 交叉频率14 current ripple 纹波电流15 Cycle by Cycle 逐周期16 cycle skipping 周期跳步17 Dead Time 死区时间18 DIE Temperature 核心温度19 Disable 非使能,无效,禁用,关断20 dominant pole 主顶点21 Enable 使能,有效,启用22 ESD Rating ESD额定值23 Evaluation Board 评估板24 Exceeding the specifications below may result in permanent damage to the device, or device malfun ction. Operation outside of the parameters specifiedin the Electrical Characteristics section is not implie d. 超过下面的规格使用可能引起永久的设备损害或设备故障。
(完整版)经济学专业词汇中英文对照
经济学专业词汇中英文对照A 20accounting 会计accounting cost 会计成本accounting profit 会计利润adverse selection 逆向选择allocation 配置allocation of resources 资源配置allocative efficiency 配置效率antitrust legislation 反托拉斯法arc elasticity 弧弹性assumption 假设asymmetric information 非对称性信息average 平均average cost 平均成本average cost pricing 平均成本定价法average fixed cost 平均固定成本average product of capital 资本平均产量average product of labour 劳动平均产量average revenue 平均收益average total cost 平均总成本average variable cost 平均可变成本B 12barriers to entry 进入壁垒base year 基年bilateral monopoly 双边垄断benefit 收益black market 黑市bliss point 极乐点boundary point 边界点break even point 收支相抵点budget 预算budget constraint 预算约束budget line 预算线budget set 预算集C 75capital 资本capital stock 资本存量capital output ratio 资本产出比率capitalism 资本主义cardinal utility theory 基数效用论cartel 卡特尔ceteris paribus assumption “其他条件不变”的假设ceteris paribus demand curve “其他因素不变”的需求曲线Chamberlain model 张伯伦模型change in demand 需求变化change in quantity demanded 需求量变化change in quantity supplied 供给量变化change in supply 供给变化choice 选择closed set 闭集Coase theorem 科斯定理Cobb-Douglas production function 柯布--道格拉斯生产函数cobweb model 蛛网模型collective bargaining 集体协议工资collusion 合谋command economy 指令经济commodity 商品commodity combination 商品组合commodity market 商品市场commodity space 商品空间common property 公用财产comparative static analysis 比较静态分析compensated budget line 补偿预算线compensated demand function 补偿需求函数compensation principles 补偿原则compensating variation in income 收入补偿变量competition 竞争competitive market 竞争性市场complement goods 互补品complete information 完全信息completeness 完备性condition for efficiency in exchange交换的最优条件condition for efficiency in production生产的最优条件concave 凹concave function 凹函数concave preference 凹偏好consistence 一致性constant cost industry 成本不变产业constant returns to scale 规模报酬不变constraints 约束consumer 消费者consumer behavior 消费者行为consumer choice 消费者选择consumer equilibrium 消费者均衡consumer optimization 消费者优化consumer preference 消费者偏好consumer surplus 消费者剩余consumer theory 消费者理论consumption 消费consumption bundle 消费束consumption combination 消费组合consumption possibility curve 消费可能曲线consumption possibility frontier 消费可能性前沿consumption set 消费集consumption space 消费空间continuity 连续性continuous function 连续函数contract curve 契约曲线convex 凸convex function 凸函数convex preference 凸偏好convex set 凸集corporation 公司cost 成本cost benefit analysis 成本收益分析cost function 成本函数cost minimization 成本最小化Cournot equilibrium 古诺均衡Cournot model 古诺模型cross-price elasticity 交叉价格弹性D 32dead-weights loss 重负损失decreasing cost industry 成本递减产业decreasing returns to scale 规模报酬递减deduction 演绎法demand 需求demand curve 需求曲线demand elasticity 需求弹性demand function 需求函数demand price 需求价格demand schedule 需求表depreciation 折旧derivative 导数derive demand 派生需求difference equation 差分方程differential equation 微分方程differentiated good 差异商品differentiated oligopoly 差异寡头diminishing marginal substitution 边际替代率递减diminishing marginal return 收益递减diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减direct approach 直接法direct taxes 直接税discounting 贴水、折扣diseconomies of scale 规模不经济disequilibrium 非均衡distribution 分配division of labour 劳动分工duopoly 双头垄断、双寡duality 对偶durable goods 耐用品dynamic analysis 动态分析dynamic models 动态模型E 50economic agents 经济行为者economic cost 经济成本economic efficiency 经济效率economic goods 经济物品economic man 经济人economic mode 经济模型economic profit 经济利润economic regulation 经济调节economic rent 经济租金exchange 交换exchange efficiency 交换效率exchange contract curve 交换契约曲线economy of scale 规模经济Edgeworth box diagram 埃奇沃思图exclusion 排斥性、排他性Edgeworth contract curve 埃奇沃思契约线Edgeworth model 埃奇沃思模型efficiency 效率、效益efficiency parameter 效率参数elasticity 弹性elasticity of substitution 替代弹性endogenous variable 内生变量endowment 禀赋endowment of resources 资源禀赋Engel curve 恩格尔曲线entrepreneur 企业家entrepreneurship 企业家才能entry barriers 进入壁垒entry/exit decision 进出决策envelope curve 包络线equilibrium 均衡equilibrium condition 均衡条件equilibrium price 均衡价格equilibrium quantity 均衡产量equity 公平equivalent variation in income 收入等价变量excess-capacity theorem 过度生产能力定理existence 存在性existence of general equilibrium 总体均衡的存在性expansion paths 扩展径expectation 期望expected utility 期望效用expected value 期望值expenditure 支出explicit cost 显性成本external benefit 外部收益external cost 外部成本external economy 外部经济external diseconomy 外部不经济externalities 外部性F 24factor 要素factor demand 要素需求factor market 要素市场factors of production 生产要素factor substitution 要素替代factor supply 要素供给fallacy of composition 合成谬误final goods 最终产品firm 企业firms' demand curve for labour 企业劳动需求曲线firm supply curve 企业供给曲线first-degree price discrimination 第一级价格歧视first-order condition 一阶条件fixed costs 固定成本fixed input 固定投入fixed proportions production function 固定比例的生产函数flow 流量fluctuation 波动for whom to produce 为谁生产free entry 自由进入free goods 自由品、免费品free mobility of resources 资源自由流动free rider 搭便车、免费搭车者future value 未来值G 11game theory 博弈论、对策论general equilibrium 总体均衡、一般均衡general goods 一般商品Giffen goods 吉芬商品Giffen's Paradox 吉芬之谜Gini coefficient 吉尼系数golden rule 黄金规则government failure 政府失败government regulation 政府调控grand utility possibility curve 总效用可能曲线grand utility possibility frontier 总效用可能前沿H 9heterogeneous product 异质产品Hicks-kaldor welfare criterion 希克斯-卡尔多福利标准homogeneity 齐次性homogeneous demand function 齐次需求函数homogeneous product 同质产品homogeneous production function 齐次生产函数horizontal summation 水平和human capital 人力资本hypothesis 假说I 52identity 恒等式imperfect competition 不完全竞争implicit cost 隐性成本income 收入income compensated demand curve 收入补偿需求曲线income constraint 收入约束income consumption curve 收入消费曲线income distribution 收入分配income effect 收入效应income elasticity of demand 需求收入弹性increasing cost industry 成本递增产业increasing returns to scale 规模报酬递增index number 指数indifference 无差异indifference curve 无差异曲线indifference map 无差异族indifference relation 无差异关系indifference set 无差异集indirect approach 间接法individual analysis 个量分析individual demand curve 个人需求曲线individual demand function 个人需求函数induced variable 引致变量induction 归纳法industry 产业industry equilibrium 产业均衡industry supply curve 产业供给曲线inelastic 缺乏弹性的inferior goods 劣品inflection point 拐点information 信息information cost 信息成本initial condition 初始条件initial endowment 初始禀赋innovation 创新input 投入input-output 投入-产出institution 制度institutional economics 制度经济学insurance 保险intercept 截距interest 利息interest rate 利息率intermediate goods 中间产品internalization of externalities 外部性内部化invention 发明inverse demand function 反需求函数invisible hand 看不见的手isocost line 等成本线isoprofit curve 等利润曲线isoquant curve 等产量曲线isoquant map 等产量族K 1kinked-demand curve 弯折的需求曲线L 30labour demand 劳动需求labour supply 劳动供给labour theory of value 劳动价值论labour unions 工会laissez faire 自由放任Lagrangian function 拉格朗日函数Lagrangian multiplier 拉格朗日乘数law of demand and supply 供需法则law of diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减法则law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution边际替代率递减法则law of increasing cost 成本递增法则law of one price 单一价格法则leader-follower model 领导者-跟随者模型least-cost combination of inputs最低成本的投入组合leisure 闲暇Leontief production function 里昂惕夫生产函数licenses 许可证linear demand function 线性需求函数linear homogeneity 线性齐次性linear homogeneous production function线性齐次生产函数long run 长期long run average cost 长期平均成本long run equilibrium 长期均衡long run industry supply curve 长期产业供给曲线long run marginal cost 长期边际成本long run total cost 长期总成本Lorenz curve 洛伦兹曲线loss minimization 损失极小化lump sum tax 一次性征税luxury 奢侈品M 45macroeconomics 宏观经济学marginal benefit 边际收益marginal cost 边际成本marginal cost pricing 边际成本定价marginal cost of factor 边际要素成本marginal period 市场期marginal physical productivity 边际实物生产率marginal product 边际产量marginal product of capital 资本的边际产量marginal product of labour 劳动的边际产量marginal productivity 边际生产率marginal rate of substitution 边际替代率marginal rate of transformation 边际转换率marginal returns 边际回报marginal revenue 边际收益marginal revenue product 边际收益产品marginal revolution 边际革命marginal social benefit 社会边际收益marginal social cost 社会边际成本marginal utility 边际效用marginal value products 边际价值产品market clearance 市场出清market economy 市场经济market equilibrium 市场均衡market failure 市场失灵market mechanism 市场机制market structure 市场结构market separation 市场分割market regulation 市场调节market share 市场份额markup pricing 加减定价法Marshallian demand function 马歇尔需求函数maximization 最大化microeconomics 微观经济学minimum wage 最低工资misallocation of resources 资源误置mixed economy 混合经济monopolistic competition 垄断竞争monopolistic exploitation 垄断剥削monopoly 垄断,卖方垄断monopoly equilibrium 垄断均衡monopoly pricing 垄断定价monopoly regulation 垄断调控monopoly rents 垄断租金monopsony 买方垄断N 17Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡natural monopoly 自然垄断natural resources 自然资源necessary condition 必要条件necessities 必需品net demand 净需求nonconvex preference 非凸性偏好nonconvexity 非凸性nonexclusion 非排斥性nonlinear pricing 非线性定价nonrivalry 非对抗性nonprice competition 非价格竞争nonsatiation 非饱和性non-zero-sum game 非零和对策normal goods 正常品normal profit 正常利润normative economics 规范经济学O 17objective function 目标函数oligopoly 寡头垄断oligopoly market 寡头市场oligopoly model 寡头模型opportunity cost 机会成本optimal choice 最佳选择optimal consumption bundle 消费束optimal resource allocation 最佳资源配置optimal scale 最佳规模optimal solution 最优解optimization 优化ordering of optimization (social) preference (社会)偏好排序ordinal utility 序数效用ordinary goods 一般品output 产出output elasticity 产出弹性output maximization 产出极大化P 68parameter 参数Pareto criterion 帕累托标准Pareto efficiency 帕累托效率Pareto improvement 帕累托改进Pareto optimality 帕累托优化Pareto set 帕累托集partial derivative 偏导数partial equilibrium 局部均衡patent 专利pay off matrix 收益矩阵、支付矩阵perceived demand curve 感觉到的需求曲线perfect competition 完全竞争perfect complement 完全互补品perfect monopoly 完全垄断perfect price discrimination 完全价格歧视perfect substitution 完全替代品perfect inelasticity 完全无弹性perfect elasticity 完全有弹性plant size 工厂规模point elasticity 点弹性positive economics 实证经济学Post Hoc Fallacy 后此谬误prediction 预测preference 偏好preference relation 偏好关系present value 现值price adjustment model 价格调整模型price ceiling 最高限价price consumption curve 价格消费曲线price control 价格管制price difference 价格差别price discrimination 价格歧视price elasticity of demand 需求价格弹性price elasticity of supply 供给价格弹性price floor 最低限价price maker 价格制定者price rigidity 价格刚性price seeker 价格搜求者price taker 价格接受者private benefit 私人收益principal-agent issues 委托-代理问题private cost 私人成本private goods 私人用品private property 私人财产producer equilibrium 生产者均衡producer theory 生产者论product transformation curve 产品转换曲线product differentiation 产品差异product group 产品集团production contract curve 生产契约曲线production efficiency 生产效率production function 生产函数production possibility curve 生产可能曲线productivity 生产率productivity of capital 资本生产率productivity of labour 劳动生产率profit function 利润函数profit maximization 利润最大化property rights 产权property rights economics 产权经济学proposition 定理proportional demand curve 成比例的需求函数public benefits 公共收益public choice 公共选择public goods 公共商品pure competition 纯粹竞争pure exchange 纯交换pure monopoly 纯粹垄断Q 3quantity-adjustment model 数量调整模型quantity tax 从量税quasi-rent 准租金R 18rate of product transformation 产品转换率rationality 理性reaction function 反应函数regulation 调节,调控relative price 相对价格rent 租金rent seeking 寻租rent seeking economics 寻租经济学resource 资源resource allocation 资源配置returns 报酬、回报returns to scale 规模报酬revealed preference 显示性偏好revenue 收益revenue curve 收益曲线revenue function 收益函数revenue maximization 收益最大化ridge line 脊线S 43satiation 饱和,满足saving 储蓄scarcity 稀缺性law of scarcity 稀缺法则second-degree price discrimination 二级价格歧视second derivative 二阶导数second-order condition 二阶条件service 劳务shadow prices 影子价格short-run 短期short-run cost curve 短期成本曲线short-run equilibrium 短期均衡short-run supply curve 短期供给曲线shut down decision 关闭决策shortage 短缺shut down point 关闭点single price monopoly 单一定价垄断slope 斜率social benefit 社会收益social cost 社会成本social indifference curve 社会无差异曲线social preference 社会偏好social security 社会保障social welfare function 社会福利函数socialism 社会主义solution 解space 空间stability 稳定性stable equilibrium 稳定的均衡Stackelberg model 斯塔克尔贝格模型static analysis 静态分析stock 存量stock market 股票市场strategy 策略subsidy 补贴substitutes 替代品substitution effect 替代效应substitution parameter 替代参数sufficient condition 充分条件supply schedule 供给表Sweezy model 斯威齐模型symmetry 对称性symmetry of information 信息对称T 16tangency 相切technical efficiency 技术效率technological constraints 技术约束technological progress 技术进步third-degree price discrimination 第三级价格歧视total cost 总成本total effect 总效应total expenditure 总支出total fixed cost 总固定成本total product 总产量total revenue 总收益total utility 总效用total variable cost 总可变成本traditional economy 传统经济transitivity 传递性transaction cost 交易费用U 8uncertainty 不确定性uniqueness 唯一性unit elasticity 单位弹性unstable equilibrium 不稳定均衡utility index 效用指数utility maximization 效用最大化utility possibility curve 效用可能性曲线utility possibility frontier 效用可能性前沿V 8value judge 价值判断value of marginal product 边际产量价值variable cost 可变成本variable input 可变投入variables 变量vector 向量visible hand 看得见的手vulgar economics 庸俗经济学W 8wage rate 工资率Walras general equilibrium 瓦尔拉斯总体均衡Walras's law 瓦尔拉斯法则Wants 需要Welfare criterion 福利标准Welfare economics 福利经济学Welfare loss triangle 福利损失三角形Welfare maximization 福利最大化Z 4zero cost 零成本zero elasticity 零弹性zero homogeneity 零阶齐次性zero economic profit 零利润。
国际商法专业词汇中英文对照表
国际商法专业词汇中英文对照A Note on the Incoterms(国际贸易术语通则解释)Absolute Advantage(亚当.斯密的绝对优势理论)Acceptance with Modifications(对邀约做出修改、变更的承诺)Acceptance(承诺/受盘)Act of State Doctrine(国家行为主义)Act of the Parties (当事人的行为)Administrative Management (经营管理)Advising and Confirming Letters of Credit(信用证的通知和确认)Agent for International Settlements(国际结算代理人)Agreement of the Parties(协议选择原则)Agriculture(农业协定)Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR解决方式)Anticipatory Breach in Common Law (普通法上预期违约)Antidumping Authority(反倾销机构)Applicability of the CISG (CISG的适用范围)Application of Home State Labor Laws Extraterritorially(内国劳工法律域外适用)Applying for a Letter of Credit(信用证的申请)Approval of Foreign Investment Applications(外国投资申请的批准)Arbitrage(套汇)Arbitration Agreement and Arbitration Clauses (仲裁协议和合同中的仲裁条款)Arbitration Tribunals(仲裁机构)Artistic Property Agreements(保护文学艺术作品的协定)Artistic Property Agreements(文学艺术品产权协定)Assignment(合同权利转让)Attorney-General(法律总顾问)Automatic Dissolution (自动散伙)Average Clauses(海损条款)Avoidance(解除)Bank Deposits(银行储蓄)Bases of Income Taxation(所得税的征税依据/基础)Battle of the Forms(形式上的分歧/冲突)Bills of Lading (提单)Branch Banking(银行的分支机构)Business Form and Registered Capital (企业形式和注册资本)Business Forms(商业组织形式)Buyer's Remedies(买方可以采取的救济措施)Carriage of Goods by Air(航空货物运输)Carriage of Goods by Sea and Marine Cargo Insurance(海上货物运输及其保险)Carrier's Duties under a Bill of Lading(在提单运输方式下承运人的责任/义务)Carrier's Immunities(承运人责任/义务的豁免)Cartels (企业联合/卡特尔)Categories of Investment Projects (外国投资的项目类别)Charterparties (租船合同)Charterparties by Demise (光船出租合同)China's Fundamental Policies for Encouraging Foreign Investments (中国大陆鼓励外国投资的基本政策)Choosing the Governing Law(准据法的选择)CIF (cost, insurance and freight) (port of destination) (CIF成本\保险费加运费付至指定的目的港)Civil Law (民法法系)Clearance and Settlement Procedures(交换和转让程序)Collection of Documentary Bills Through Banks(银行跟单托收)Commercial Arbitration (国际商事仲裁)Commodity Arrangements(初级产品/农产品安排)Common Enterprise Liability(企业的一般责任)Common Law (普通法系)Common Procedures in Handling Bills of Exchange (汇票处理的一般程序)Common Stock (股票)Company Taxpayers(公司/法人企业纳税人)Comparative Advantage(大卫.李嘉图的比较优势理论)Comparison of Municipal Legal Systems(内国法系的比较研究) Compensation for Winding up (清算补偿)Comprehensive Agreements (综合性的协定)Compulsory Licenses(强制许可)Computation of Income(收入计算)Conformity of Goods(与合同约定相符合的货物)Consent to the Jurisdiction of the Host State(给予东道国管辖权的许可/同意)Consideration in Common Law(英美法上的对价)Contemporary International Trade Law(当代国际贸易法)Contract Law for the International Sale of Goods(国际货物销售合同法)Contract Liability of the Agent (代理人的合同义务)Contract Liability of the Principal (委托人的合同义务)Contractual Issues Excluded from the Coverage of CISG(排除在CISG适用范围之外的合同问题)Copyrights (著作权/版权)Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights(与知识产权有关的理事会)Coverage of Tax Treaties(税收条约的覆盖范围)Creation of Agency (代理创立)Creditors of Partners(合伙人的债权人)Currency Crises: The Role of Monetary Policy(金融危机:货币政策的作用与地位)Currency Exchange Obligations of IMF Member States(国际货币基金组织成员国在外汇交易中的义务)Currency Exchange(外汇交易)Currency Support(资金/财政援助)Custom(习惯)Customs Valuation(海关估价协定)Debt Securities (债券)Decision Making within the WTO(WTO内部决定作出机制)Deficiencies in the GATT 1947 Dispute Process (关税及贸易总协定1947争端解决程序的不足)Definite Sum of Money or Monetary Unit of Account(确定货币的总额或者计价的货币单位)Definition and Special Features(定义和特征)Delayed Bills of Lading(提单迟延)Denial of Justice(司法不公)Development Banks (发展银行)Direct Effect(直接效力)Direct Exporting(直接出口)Directors' and Officer's Duties to the Corporation(董事和经理/首席执行官对公司的义务)Dispute Settlement(争端的解决)Dissolution by Agreement (协议解散)Dissolution by Court Order (依法院令状散伙)Dissolution of the Partnership (散伙)Distribution of Earnings and Recovery of Investments (收入分配和投资回收)Distribution to Shareholders (红利分配权)Doctrine of Imputability (归责原则)Documentary Formalities(文本格式要求)Double Taxation Provision(双重征税的规定)Double Taxation(双重征税)Duress (胁迫行为)Duties of Agent and Principal (代理人和委托人的义务)Duties of Agent to Principal (委托人的义务)Duties of Principal to Agent (代理人、的义务)Duty of Care in Partnership Business(对合伙事务尽心看护义务)Duty of Loyalty and Good Faith (忠诚和诚信义务)Effectiveness of an Offer(邀约/发盘的效力)Employment Laws in the European Union(欧洲联盟雇佣/劳工法)Employment Standards of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(经济合作与发展组织雇佣/劳工标准)Enforcement of Exchange Control Regulations of IMF Member States(国际货币基金组织成员国对外汇交易管理规则的履行)Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards in the People's Republic of China (在中华人民共和国境内外国仲裁裁决的执行)Enforcement of Foreign Judgment (外国法院判决的执行)Enforcement of Partnership Rights and Liabilities(执行合伙事务的权利和责任)Enforcement of Securities Regulations Internationally(国际证券规则的执行)Environmental Regulation(环境规则)Escape Clause(免责条款)Euro-currency Deposits(欧洲货币储蓄)European Communities - Regime for the Importation, Sale, and Distribution of Bananas(欧洲共同体对于香蕉的进口、销售和分销的管理)European Union Law on Trade in Services(欧洲联盟关于服务贸易的法律)Exceptio non Adimpleti Contractus in Civil Law (大陆法上履行契约之抗辩权)Exceptions(例外)Exclusive Licenses(独占许可)Excuses for Non-performance (不履行的免责)Excuses for Nonperformance(不履行合同的抗辩/借口)Exemptions for New Members from IMF Member State Currency Exchange Obligations(国际货币基金组织新成员国在外汇交易中义务的免除)Export Restrictions (出口限制)Exporting(出口)Expropriation(征收)Extraterritorial Application of U. S. Securities Laws(美国证券法域外的适用问题)Failure to Exhaust remedies(没有用尽法律救济)Fault and Causation(过错和因果关系)Finance Ministry(财政部)Finance of International Trade(国际贸易的结算/支付)Financing Foreign Trade(对外贸易的价金支付)FOB (free on hoard) (port of shipment)(FOB装运港船上交货)Force Majeure Clauses (不可抗力条款)Foreign Investment Guarantees(外国投资的担保)Foreign Investment Laws and Codes(外国投资法)Formal and Informal Application Process(正式和非正式申请程序)Formation of the Contract(合同的成立)Forsed Endorsements(虚假背书)Fraud Exception in Letters of Credit Transaction (信用证交易的欺诈例外) Frauds on Bills of Lading(提单欺诈)Fraudulent Misrepresentation(受欺诈的误解)Free Zones(保税区/自由贸易区)Fundamental Breach(根本违约)GATS Schedules of Specific Commitments(服务贸易总协定减让表中的特别承诺)General Agreement on Trade in Services (服务贸易总协定)General Requirements and Rights of the Holder in Due Course(票据持有人的一般要求和权利)General Standards of Performance(履行的一般标准)Geographic Limitations(地区限制)Government Controls over Trade (政府对贸易的管制)Government Guarantees(政府担保)Governmental Interest(政府利益原则)Governmental Sources of Capital(官方资金)Grant Back Provisions(回授的规定)Home state Regulation of Multinational Enterprises(本国对跨国企业的管理)Host State Regulation of Multinational Enterprises(东道国对跨国企业的管理)Illegality and Incompetency(行为不合法性与主体不适当资格的认定)IMF "Conditionality"(国际货币基金组织的制约性)IMF Facilities(国际货币基金组织的机制)IMF Operations(国际货币基金组织的运作)IMF Quotas(国际货币基金的份额)Immunities of States from the Jurisdiction of Municipal Courts(国家豁免于内国法院的管辖权)Import-Licensing Procedures(进口许可证程序协定)Income Categories(收入分类)Income Tax Rates(所得税税率)Income Taxes(所得税)Independence Principles and Rule of Strict Compliance (信用证独立原则和单证严格相符规则)Indirect Exporting(间接出口)Industrial Property Agreements (保护工业产权的协定)Innocent Misrepresentation(因无知的误解)Inquiry(调查)Insider Trading Regulations(内幕交易规则)Insurance Cover (保险范围)Integration of Company and Personal Income Taxes(公司和个人所得税的征收)Intellectual Property Right Law (知识产权法)International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (解决投资争端国际中心)International Commercial Dispute Settlement (国际商事争端的解决)International Court of Justice (海牙联合国国际法院)International Factoring (国际保理)International Franchising(国际特许经营权)International Labor Standards(国际劳工标准)International Licensing Agreement(国际许可证协议)International Licensing Agreements (国际许可证协定)International Model Law(国际示范法)International Organizations(国际组织)International Persons(国际法主体)International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms(国际贸易术语解释通则)International Trade Customs and Usages(国际贸易惯例和习惯)International Treaties and Conventions(国际条约和公约)International Tribunals (国际法庭)Interpreting of the CISG (CISG的解释)Invitation Offer (要约邀请/要约引诱/询盘)Involuntary Dissolution (非自愿解散)Issuance of Securities(证券发行)Jurisdiction and Venue (管辖权和法院地)Jurisdiction in Civil Cases(民事案件的管辖权)Jurisdiction in Criminal Cases(刑事案件的管辖权)Know-how (技术秘密/专有技术)Lack of Genuine Link(缺乏真实的联系)Lack of Nationality(无国籍)Lack of Standing(身份不明)Law Applicable to Letters of Credit (调整信用证的法律)Law of Foreign Investment Enterprises of China (中国的外商投资企业法)Law of the People's Republic of China on Chinese Foreign Contractual Joint Ventures(中华人民共和国中外合作企业法)Law of the People's Republic of China on Chinese Foreign Equity Joint Ventures (中华人民共和国中外合资企业法)Law of the People's Republic of China on Foreign Capital Enterprises(中华人民共和国外资企业法)Legal Characteristics (定义和法律特征)Legal Structure of the WTO (世界贸易组织的法律框架)Legal System of International Business(国际商事的法律体系)Letters of Credit (L/C)(信用证)Liabilities of Makers, Drawers, Drawees, Endorsers and Accommodation Parties(票据制作人、出票人、付款人、背书人、代发人/担保人的责任)Liability for Environmental Damage(环境损害责任)Liability Limits(承运人责任/义务的限制)Licensing Regulations(许可证制度)Limitations on Foreign Equity(外国投资的资金比例限制)Limitations on the Excuses That Drawers and Makers Can Use to Avoid Paying Off a Bill or Note 661 (票据制作人、出票人拒绝付款借口的限制)Liquidated Damages (约定的损害赔偿金)Liquidation (清算)Maintaining Monetary Value(维护币值稳定)Major Principles of GATT 1994(关税及贸易总协定1947的主要原则)Marine Insurance Policies and Certificates (海运保险单和证书)Maritime Insurance(海运保险)Maritime Liens (留置权)Means of Delivery(根据交付方式)Mediation(调停/调解)Membership(成员)Memorandums of Understanding(谅解备忘录)Methods of Investment Contribution(出资方式)Mini-trial (模拟审判方式)Miscellaneous Taxes(混杂的,各种各样的税)Misrepresentation(误解)Mixed Sales(混合销售)Modification of Foreign In vestment Agreements(外国投资协议的修改)Money and Banking(货币与金融)Monopoly Control Authority (反垄断机构)Most Significant Relationship(最密切联系原则)Most-favored-nation Treatment (最惠国待遇原则)Movement of Workers(劳工流动)Multilateral Investment Guaranty Programs(多边投资担保计划/安排)Multilateral Trade Agreements(多边贸易协定)Multilateral Trade Negotiations (多边贸易谈判)Multinational Enterprise(跨国企业)Municipal Courts(国内法院的实践)Municipal Legal Systems(内国法系)National Foreign Investment Policies(内国的外国投资政策)National Investment Guarantee Programs(内国/国家投资担保计划/安排)National Law(国内法)National Monetary Systems(国内金融/货币体系)National Treatment (国民待遇原则)Nationality Principle(国籍原则)Negligent (innocent) Misrepresentation(因疏忽的误解)Negotiability of Bills and Negotiability of Notes(可流通的汇票和可流通的本票)Negotiation (谈判,议付)Noncompetition Clauses(限制竞争条款)Nondiscrimination(非歧视原则)Nonimputable Acts(免责行为)Nontariff Barriers to Trade(非关税贸易壁垒)Nonwrongful Dissolution (非不法原因散伙)Objections(异议)Obligations of the Parties (当事人各方的义务)Obligations of the Seller and the Buyer (买卖双方的合同义务)Offer (要约/发盘)Operation of Law (法律的原因而终止)Operational Reviews(营业审查)Opting In and Out(加入和退出)Organization of the IMF(国际货币基金组织的机构)Organizations Affiliated with the United Nations(联合国的相关组织) Overseas Private Investment Corporation(海外私人投资公司的案件)Parent Company(母公司)Passing of Property (产权的转移)Passing of Risk (风险的转移)Patents (专利权)Payable on Demand or at a Definite Time(付款要求或者在指定的付款时间)Payment of the Price(支付价款)Penalties for Noncompliance(对于不遵守法规的处罚)Perils and Losses(保险危险和损失)Persons Immune from Taxation(个人所得税的免除)Piercing the Corporate Veil(普通法上揭开公司的面纱/大陆法上公司人格否认原则)Place for Delivery(交付的地点)Post -Termination Relationship(代理终止后的有关问题)Powers during Winding up (合伙人在清算过程中的权力/权利)Practices and Usages(交易习惯和商业惯例)Preemption(先买权/优先权)Preshipment Inspection(装运前检验协定)Price-Fixing(定价)Private Insurers(私人/商业保险)Private Sources of Capital(私人资金)Products Liability Laws(产品质量法)Promissory Notes(本票)Promoter of International Monetary Cooperation(国际金融合作的促进者)Promoters(公司的发起人)Protection of Natural Resources(自然资源的保护)Protection of Subsidiaries(分支机构的保护制度)Protection of Workers' Rights by the Council of Europe(欧洲理事会关于劳工权利的保护)Protection through Tariffs(关税保护)Proving Foreign Law(外国法的查明)Provisions Governing Trade in Services in the North American Free Trade Agreement (北美自由贸易区协定中关于服务贸易的规定)Quality Controls(质量控制)Quantity and Field-of-Use Restrictions(对数量和使用领域的限制)Recognition and Enforcement of Awards (仲裁裁决的承认和执行)Recognition of Foreign Judgments(外国裁决的承认)Refusal to Exercise Jurisdiction(拒绝执行管辖权)Regional and International Development Agencies(区域性和国际性发展机构)Regional Integration(区域联合)Regional Intergovernmental Regulations on Labor(区域性政府间关于劳工的规定)Regional Intergovernmental Regulations on Trade in Services(关于服务贸易的区域性政府间管理规则)Regional Monetary Systems(区域性金融体系)Regulation of Foreign Workers(外籍员工的的管理规定)Regulation of Pollution(防止污染规则)Relief(救济、赔偿)Remedies Available to Both Buyers and Sellers(买卖双方都可以采取的救济措施)Remedies for Breach of Contract(违反合同的救济)Requests for Specific Performance(要求继续/特定履行)Residency Principle(居住地原则)Restrictions on Research and Development(对技术研究和发展的限制)Restrictions That Apply after the Expiration of Intellectual Property Rights(知识产权保护期满后应用的限制)Restrictions That Apply after the Expiration of the Licensing Agreement (知识产权使用许可合同期满后应用的限制)Right to Compensation (主张赔偿的权利)Rights and Duties (权利与义务)Rights and Responsibilities of Beneficiaries(收款人/收益人的权利与义务)Rights and Responsibilities of the Account Party(付款人/信用证帐户申请人的权利与义务)Rules of Origin(原产地规则)Rules of Private International Law(国际私法规则)Safeguards(保障措施协定)Sanitary and PhytosanitaryMeasures(卫生与植物卫生措施协定)Scope and Coverage of GATT 1947 and GATT 1994 (关税及贸易总协定1947和1994文本的调整范围)Screening Foreign Investment Applications(对外国投资申请的筛选/审查)Sectoral Limitations(行业/部门限制)Securities and Exchange Commission(证券交易委员会)Securities Exchanges (证券交易所)Securities Regulations(证券规章)Seller's Obligations(卖方的义务)Seller's Remedies(卖方可以采取的救济措施)Settlement of Disputes between ILO Member States(国际劳工组织成员国之间争端的解决)Settlement of Disputes between Intergovernmental Organizations and Their Employees (政府间国际组织与它的雇员之间争端的解决)Settlement of Disputes in International Tribunals(在国际法庭解决争端)Settlement of Disputes in Municipal Courts(内国法院的争端解决途径)Settlement of Disputes through Diplomacy(通过外交途径解决争端)Settlement of Disputes through Municipal Courts (通过内国法院解决国际商事争端)Shareholders' Inspection and Information Rights(股东的监督和知情权)Shareholders' Lawsuits (股东的诉权)Shareholders' Meetings(股东会议/大会)Shareholders' Rights and Liabilities (股东的权利和责任)Sharp Practices (欺诈行为)Signed by the Maker or Drawer(票据制作人或者出票人签名)Source Principle(税收发生来源原则)Sources of Corporate Financing (公司资本的来源)Sources of Foreign Investment Law of China (中国外国投资法的渊源)Sources of International Business Law(国际商法的渊源)Sources of International Law(国际法的渊源)Sources of Investment (投资范围)Sovereign or State Immunity(国家主权豁免)Specialization(国际分工专门化)Standard of Care(给予外国人的待遇/关照标准)Start-Up Standards(设立标准)State Responsibility(国家责任)Statements and Conduct of the Parties(当事人的陈述和行为)Statutory Choice-of-Law Provisions (强制选择条款)Structure of the WTO(WTO的组织结构)Subordinate Business Structures(商业分支机构)Subsidies and Countervailing Measures(补贴与反补贴措施协定)Supervision of Foreign Investment(外国投资的监管)Supreme Court Decision(最高法院的裁决)Systems for Relief from Double Taxation(避免双重征税的救济体制)Takeover Regulations(接管/收购规则)Taking Delivery(接受交付)Tariff-based Import Restriction (约束进口关税)Tariffs(关税)Tax Avoidance(避税)Tax Evasion(逃税)Tax Incentives (税收激励)Tax Sparing(节税)Tax Treaties(税收条约)Taxation(税收)Taxpayers(纳税人)Technical Barriers to Trade(贸易的技术壁垒)Technology Transfer(技术转让)Termination of an Agency (代理的终止)Termination of Corporations (公司的终止)Territorial Restrictions(地区限制)Textiles and Clothing(纺织品和服装协定)The Acceptance(承诺/受盘)The Administrative Discretion of Screening Authorities(筛选/监管机构的管理权)The Anglo-American Common Law System(普通法系或者英美法系)The Applicable Procedure Law (应用的程序法)The Applicable Substantive Law(应用的实体法)The Bank for International Settlements(巴塞尔国际清算银行)The Bill of Exchange(汇票)The Board of Directors (董事会)The Bretton Woods System(布雷敦森林体系)The Business Form(商业组织形式)The Buyer's Right to Avoid the Contract(买方解除合同的权利)The Central Bank(中央银行)The Choice of Money(货币的选择)The Convention on Insider Trading(内幕交易的公约)The Drafting of the CISG(CISG的起草)the Economic Globalization (经济全球化)The Final Act Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations(乌拉圭回合多边贸易谈判结果的最后文本)The Foreign Exchange Market(外汇交易市场)The Founding of GATT(关税及贸易总协定的成立)The Framework Agreement(协定的框架)The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(关税及贸易总协定)The Importance of the Separate Legal Identity of Juridical Entities(跨国企业作为拥有独立法律地位的实体之重要性)The Interbank Deposit Market(银行间的储蓄市场)The International Labor Organization(国际劳工组织)The International Monetary Fund(国际货币基金组织)The International Standard(国际待遇/标准)The International Transfer of Intellectual Property(工业产权的国际转让)The Islamic Law System (伊斯兰法系)The Law Governing Bills of Exchange (调整汇票的法律制度)The Law of Agency (国际商事代理法)The Making of International Law (国际法的构成)The National Standard(国民待遇/标准)The Negotiation and Transfer of Bills and Notes(票据权利的转让和背书转让)The Obligations of Banks(银行的义务/责任)The Principal Characteristics(基本特征)The Role of Banks in Collecting and Paying Negotiable Instruments(银行在可流通票据的托收和付款中的角色)The Roman-Germanic Civil Law System(大陆法系或者罗马日耳曼法系)The Scope of International Law in Actual Practice (实践中国际法的范围)The Subordinate Structure(分支结构)The Transfer of Money(货币转移)The Turning Over of Documents(交付与货物有关的单证)The Uruguay Round(乌拉圭回合)The Value of Money(币值)The World Trade Organization (WTO) (世界贸易组织)The WTO Agreement (WTO协定)Third Party Relations of the Principal and the Agent (与委托人和代理人有关的第三人)Third-Party Claims and Personal Injuries(第三方的权利和人身伤害)Third-Party Rights (Himalaya Clause)(第三方的权利----喜玛拉亚条款)Time Charterparties (定期租船合同)Time for Delivery (交付的时间)Time Limitations(时效)Trade Barriers (贸易壁垒)Trade in Goods(货物贸易)Trade Liberalization Through Cooperation (通过合作实现贸易自由化)Trade Policy Review(贸易政策评审机制)Trade Terms(贸易术语)Trademarks(商标权)Trade-Related Investment Measures(与贸易有关的投资措施协定)Trading in Securities (证券交易)Transactions Covered in CISG(CISG适用的交易范围)Transnational Organized Labor(有组织的跨境服务的劳工)Transparency(透明度)Treaties and Conventions(条约和公约)Trial Court Decision(初等法院的裁决)Turnover Taxes(流转/交易税)Tying Clauses(搭售条款)Unconditional Promise or Order to Pay(无条件的付款承诺和要求)Unfair Competition Laws(不正当竞争法)UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts (PICC)(国际统一私法协会国际商事合同通则,简称PICC)United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG)(联合国国际货物销售合同公约,简称CISG)Validity and Formation of International Sale of Contracts(国际货物销售合同的成立和效力)Visas(签证)Voyage Charterparties (航次租船合同)Waivers(让渡、放弃)Winding Up (合伙清算)World Intellectual Property Organization(世界知识产权组织)World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Procedures(世界贸易组织争端解决机制)Wrongful Dissolution (不法原因散伙)WTO Antidumping Agreement (世界贸易组织反倾销协议)WTO Dispute Settlement Procedures(世界贸易组织的争端解决程序)。
CMA考试专业词汇中英文对照表
CMA考试专业词汇中英文对照表非系统性危险Unsystematic Risk,相对于总体市场,由特定证券或企业的独特情况引起价格变动所带来的风险。
通过分散化,投资组合基本上可以消除这一风险。
上游成本Upstream Costs,制造产品前发生的成本,其中包括研发和设计成本。
效用Utility,源于商品或服务的相对满意度或满足需要的程度。
评价Valuation,判定一项价值Value,赋予某项特定资产、提供的服务、一组资产或整个业务部门的以货币表示的价值,比如一个工厂或商业企业的价值。
承销Underwriting,证券发行人委托具有证券承销资格的证券承销商,按照承销协议由证券承销商向投资者募集资本并交付证券的行为和制度。
非预期损失Unexpected Loss,除期望损失之外的具有波动性的资产价值的潜在损失。
不利差异Unfavorable Variance,实际成本超过标准成本或预算成本的金额,或实际营收低于标准营收或预算营收的金额。
单位贡献Unit Contribution,单位售价与单位变动成本之差。
单位成本Unit Cost,单位产品的成本、或产品某成本要素的单位成本。
一般的计算方法是总成本除以总数量。
短期国库券Treasury Bills,由美国财政部发行的短期证券,最小面值是1000美元,三个月、六个月和一年到期。
按面值折扣形式发行。
长期国库券Treasury Bonds,由美国财政部发行的长期证券,最小面值是1000美元,十年或更长时间到期。
中期国库券Treasury Notes,由美国财政部发行的中期证券,最小面值是1000美元,两到十年到期。
库藏股票Treasury Stock,由发行公司通过馈赠、购买或其他方式重新获得、可供再售或取消的全额付讫股票。
80年高端财务领域第一品牌,CMA培训机构,首家IMA授权高校CMA培训机构地址:上海市徐汇区中山西路2230号2号楼14楼(上海立信会计学院)电话:400-821-8909特洛伊木马Trojan Horse,貌似执行一种有用而无害功能的计算机程序,但执行时却是实际上有害的恶意程序。
语言学专业词汇中英文对照版
语言学术语(英-汉对照)表appropriateness适宜性得体性broadening词义扩大Aapproximant无摩擦延续音Browncorpus布朗语料库abbreviation缩写词,略语aptitudetest素质测试Cablative夺格,离格Arabic阿拉伯语calculability可计算性accent重音(符)arbitrariness任意性calque仿造仿造词语accusative宾格argument中项中词主目cancellability可删除achievementtest成绩测试article冠词cardinalnumeral基数acousticphonetics声学语音学articulation发音cardinalvowel基本元音acquisition习得articulator发音器官case格acronym缩略语articulatoryphonetics发音语音学casegrammar格语法actionprocess动作过程artificialspeech人工言语casetheory格理论actor动作者aspect体category范畴addressform称呼形式aspirated吐气送气categoricalcomponent范畴成分addressee受话人assimilation同化causative使役的使投动词addresser发话人associative联想center中心词adjective形容词associativemeaning联想意义centraldeterminer中心限定词adjunct修饰成分附加语assonance准压韵半谐音chainrelation链状关系adverb副词attributive属性修饰语定语chainsystem链状系统affix词缀auditoryphonetics听觉语音学choice选择affixation词缀附加法authenticinput真实投入choicesystem选择系统affricate塞擦音authorialstyle权威风格circumstance环境因子agreement一致关系authoringprogram编程class词类airstream气流autonomy自主性classshift词性变换alliteration头韵auxiliary助词clause小句从句allomorph词/语素变体auxiliaryverb助动词click吸气音咂音allophone音位变体Bclipping截断法allophonicvariation音位变体babblingstage婴儿语阶段closedclass封闭类allophony音位变体现象back-formation逆构词法closedsyllable闭音节alveolarridge齿龈basecomponent基础部分cluster音丛alveolar齿龈音behaviouralprocess行为过程coarticulation协同发音ambiguity歧义behaviourism行为主义coda结尾音节符尾analogicalcreation类推造字bilabial双唇音code语码信码anapest抑抑扬格bilabialnasal双唇鼻音cognitivepsychology认知心理学anaphor前指替代bilateralopposition双边对立cognitivesystem认知系统anaphoricreference前指照应bilingualism双语现象coherence相关关联animate有生命的binarydivision二分法cohension衔接annotation注解binaryfeature二分特征co-hyponym同下义词antecedent先行词前在词binarytaxonomy二分分类学colligation类连结anthropologicallinguistics人类语言binding制约collocativemeaning搭配意义学bindingtheory制约论colorword色彩词anticipatorycoarticulation逆化协同blade舌叶舌面前部colorwordsystem色彩词系统发音blankverse无韵诗command指令antonomasia换称代类名blending混成法commoncore共核antonym反义词borrowing借用借词commonnoun普通名词antonymy反义(关系)boundmorpheme粘着语素communication交际appellative称谓性boundingtheory管辖论communicativecompetence交际能appliedlinguistics应用语言学bracketing括号法力appliedsociolinguistics应用社会语brevitymaxim简洁准则communicativedynamism,CD交际言学bridging架接性动力appropriacy适宜性broadtranscription宽式音标communicativelanguageteaching,CLT交际语言教学法consequent跟随成分cross-linguistic跨语言的communicativeSentencePattern,CSPconsonance辅音韵culturally-specific文化特异的交际性句子模式consonant辅音curriculum教学大纲communicativesyllabus交际教学大constantopposition不变对立customizing定制的纲constative表述的Dcommunicativetest交际性测试constituentcommand成分指令dactyl扬抑抑格communicative-grammaticalapproachconstituentproposition成分命题Danilanguage达尼语交际-语法教学法constituentstructureanalysis成分结dataretrieval,DR资料检索compactdisk激光盘database数据库构分析comparativedegree比较级constituent成分dative(case)与格competence能力construct编制dativemovement与格移动complement补语constructvalidity编制效度declarative陈述句complementaryantonym互补反义词construction构建decoding解码complementaryantonymy互补反义constructivism构建主义deductive演绎的关系contentanalysis内容分析deepstructure深层结构complementarydistribution互补分contentvalidity内容效度defeasibility消除可行性布contentword实义词definite有定的complexpredicate复合谓语contextdependent语境依赖的degeneratedata无用的语料component成分contextofsituation情景语境deixis指称componentialanalysis成分分析context语境delicacy精密阶compositeproposition复合命题contextualanalyses语境分析denotation外延指称compositionality复合性contextualmeaning语境意义dental齿音compound复合词复合句contrastiveanalysis对比分析dentalization齿音化comprehension理解controltheory控制理论derivation衍生computation计算controlledlanguage有控制的语言derivationalaffix衍生词汇computationallinguistics计算语言学convention常规规约derivationalmorphology派生形态学computationalsystem计算系统conventionalmeaning常规意义规约descriptiveadequacy描写充分性computer-assistedlearning,CAL计算descriptivelinguistics描写语言学意义机辅助学习conventionality常规性规约性designfeature结构特征computercorpus计算机语料库conversationalimplicature会话含义determiner限定词computerhardware计算机硬件conversationalmaxim会话准则developinggrammar发展语法computerliteracy计算机操作能力converseantonymy相反反义现象deviant变体computernetworks计算机网络conversion变换deviation偏离变异computersystem计算机系统cooperativeprinciple,CP合作原则devoicing清音化computer-assistedinstruction,CAI计coordinateconstruction并列结构diachroniclinguistics历时语言学算机辅助教学coordination并列diachronic历时的computer-assistedlearning,CALL计算coreferential互参的diacritic附加符号变音符机辅助语言学习coronal舌面前音diagnostictest诊断性测试conative意动的corpusdata语料库语料dialect方言concept概念corpus(plcorpora)语料素材dialectology方言学conceptualmeaning概念意义corpuslinguistics语料库语言学digitizedsound数字化语音concord一致(关系)context上下文dimetre二音步诗行concordance共现关系countable可数(名词)diphthong二合元音双元音concretenoun具体名词counterfactualproposition反事实命directobject直接宾语concurrent同时发生的directspeech,DS直接言语题conjugation词形变化couplet对句对联directthought,DT直接思想conjunct连接副词creativity创造性原创性directionality方向性conjunction连接词Creole克里澳尔语混和语discourse语篇话语conjunctionbuttressing连接词支撑cross-culturalcommunication跨文化discourseanalysis语篇分析话语分析connotation内涵discourseinterpretation语篇理解交际discrete分离的离散的finite有定的有限的民族学discrete-pointgrammar离散语法etic非位的素的finitestategrammar有限状态语discretepointtest分立性测试eventprocess事件过程法disjunction分离关系example-basedmachinetranslationfirst-personnarrator第一人称叙述displacement移位基于例句的机器翻译者dissimilation异化(作用)exchangeerror交换错误Firthianphonology弗斯音系学distinctivefeature区别性特征exchangesequence交际序列flap闪音distinguisher辩义成分exchangestructure交际结构flexibility灵活性变通性do-insertionruledo添加规则exhaustive穷尽的彻底的floppydisk软盘domain范围领域existent存在物focus焦点中心dorsal舌背音舌中音existential存在句folketymology俗词源学民间词源dorsum舌背(音)existentialprocess存在过程foregroundedfeatures突出特征doublecomparative双重比较existentialquantifier存在数量词foregrounding突出前景话drill-and-practicesoftware操练软件exocentric外向的foreignlanguageteaching外语教D-structureD结构exocentricconstruction外向结构学dual双数experiential经验的form形式dualisticview二分观点experientialfunction经验功能formaldifference形式差异duality二重性experimentalpsycholinguistics实验formalization形式化Eformation形成心理语言学earlyModernEnglish早期现代英语explanatoryadequacy解释充分性formative构形成分构词成分economy经济性简洁性explicitgrammarinstruction,EGI明freeform自由形式ejective爆发音freeindirectspeech,FIS自由间接言显的语法教学法electronicmail电子邮件expressionminimization表达最底程语ElizabethanEnglish伊利莎白时期英freeindirectthought,FIT自由间接思度语expressive表达的想ellipsis省略(法)extendedstandardtheory,EST扩展freemorpheme自由语素ellipticalsentencestructure省略句子freerootmorpheme自由词根语标准理论结构extensive引申的扩展的素embeddedelement嵌入成分extent-conditionformat程度条件格freevariant自由变体emic位学的freeverse自由韵文式emotive感情的externalevaluation外部评估French法语empirical经验主义的externalqualifier外部修饰语frequencyeffect频率效应empiricaldata经验主义的语料extrinsicsourcesoferror外在的错误fricative(摩)擦音empiricalvalidity经验效度friction摩擦来源empiricism经验主义eyemovement眼部移动front舌面前舌前的emptycategory,EC空范畴Ffullyautomatichighqualitytranslation,enablingskills使成技能化facevalidity卷面效度FAHQT全自动高质量翻译encoding编码facilitation便利促进functionword功能词endrhyme末端韵Fasoldfunction功能endocentricconstruction内向结构feasibility可行性functionalgrammar功能语法entailment蕴涵feature特征functionallinguistics功能语言学entrycondition入列条件feedback反馈functionalsentenceperspective,FSPepenthesis插音增音felicitycondition适宜性条件恰当条功能句子观equipollentopposition均等对立functionsoflanguage语言功能件equivalence相等feminine阴性fusion溶合equivalencereliability相等信度fiction小说fuzzy模糊的erroranalysis错误分析figurativelanguage比喻性语言象征GEST科技英语genderdifference性别差异性语言ethnicityidentity民族认同figuresofspeech修辞手段修辞格generallinguistics普通语言学ethnographyofcommunication交际finiteelement有定成分generalisation概括generativegrammar生成语法historicallinguistics历史语言学indicative陈述式陈述语气generativesemantics生成语言学holophrasticstage单词句阶段indirectobject间接宾语genitive属格所有格homonym同音/形异议词indirctspeech,IS间接言语genre体裁语类HopiHopi语indirectthought,IT间接思想German德语horizontalrelation链状关系Indo-Europeanlanguages印欧语given(information)已给信息Hornscale霍恩阶言globaltask整体任务humancognitivesystem人类认知系inference推论推理glottal喉音inferencedrawing推论统glottalstop喉塞音humanlanguage人类语言inferentialcommunication推论交goal目标humanspeech人类言语际governmenttheory支配理论humantranslation人译infinitive不定式government支配hypercorrection矫枉过正infix中缀grammaticalanalysis语法分析hyponym下义词inflection屈折(变化)grammaticalfunction;;hyponymy下义关系inflectionalaffix屈折词缀grammaticalstructure语法结构hypothesis假设inflectionalmorphology屈折形态gradableantonymy分等级的反义关hypothesis-deduction假设-演绎学系Iinflectiveendings屈折结尾gradualopposition渐次对立iamb抑扬格informationretrieval信息检索grammaticalcategory语法范畴iambicpentameter抑扬格五音步诗informationstructure信息结构grammaticalconcept语法概念informative(function)信息功行grammaticaldescription语法描写ICanalysis直接成分分析法能grammaticalform语法形式ICALL(intelligentCALL)智能计算机innateness先天性grammaticalmarker语法标记innatenesshypothesis(语法)天赋辅助语言学习grammaticalmeaning语法意义ideational(function)概念功假设grammaticalorganization语法组input输入能成identifying认同的inputhypothesis语言输入说grammaticalpattern语法类型idiom成语习语instrumental(function)工具功grammaticalprocess语法过程idiomatically-governed习语支配能grammaticalrule语法规则integrativetest综合性测试的grammaticalsentencepattern,GSPill-formedsentences不合适的句intensifier强调成分语法句形子intensive强调的增强的grammaticalstructure语法结illocutionaryact话中行为施为性行interactional(function)交互功构为能grammaticalsubject语法主语illocutionaryforce言外作用施为作interdental齿间音grammaticalsystem语法系统interface界面用grammaticalword语法词imaginative(function)想象功能interference干扰graphiticform文字形式immediacyassumption即时假定interjection感叹词GriceanmaximGrice准则immediateconstituentanalysis直接interlanguage中介语group词组interlingua国际语成分分析法guttural腭音imperativerule祈使规则interlingualapproach语际法Himperative祈使语气命令的interlocutor会话者half-rhyme半韵implicate意含internalevaluation内部评估hardpalate硬腭implication蕴涵含义internalstructure内部结构head中心词中心成分implicationconnective蕴涵连接internationalphoneticalphabet,IPA headedconstruction中心结构implicature含义言外之意国际音标heptameter七音步诗行impliedmeaning蕴涵意义internet互联网hierarchicalstructure等级结构implosive内破裂音内爆音interpersonal人际的hierarchicalsystem等级系统inanimate无生命的interpersonalfunction人际功hierarchy等级体系inclusivenessrelation内包意义能high高(元音)indefinite不定的,无定的interpretation解释interrogativesentence疑问句langue语言(系统)loantranslation翻译借词intonation语调larynx喉头loanblend混合借词intra-linguisticrelation语言内关系lateral边音旁流音loanshift转移借词intransitive不及物的Latin拉丁语loanword借词intrinsicsourcesoferror错误的内Latingrammar拉丁语法localareanetworks,LAN局域网源laxvowel松元音locutionaryact发话行为,表述性言invariableword不变词length长度音长语行为invention新创词语letter字母logicalcomponent逻辑成分inversion倒置,倒装level层,级,平面logicalconnective逻辑连词IPAchart国际音标图Levinson,Stephenlogicalformcomponent逻辑式成IPSsymbol国际音标符号lexeme词位词素分irony讽刺反话lexicalambiguity词汇歧义logicalformrepresentation逻辑式表isolatedopposition孤立对立lexicalchange词汇变化达Italian意大利语lexicallevel词汇层logicalformula逻辑公式Jlexicalmeaning词汇意义logicalfunction逻辑功能Japanese日语lexicalmorphology词汇形态学logicalsemantics逻辑语义学jargon黑话行语lexicalstudies词汇研究logicalstructure逻辑结构Jesperson,Ottolexicalword词汇词logicalsubject逻辑主语Johnson&Johnsonlexicogrammar词汇语法logophoricity词照应Johnsonlexicon词汇词典LondonSchool伦敦学派Jones,Daniellexis词longvowed长元音Kliaison连音连续lossofsound语音脱落kernelsentence核心句limerick打油诗loudness响度keyword关键词line诗行Mknowledge知识linearphonology线性音系学machinetranslation机器翻knowninformation已知信息linearstructure线形结构译Krashenlinguisticuniversity语言普遍性macrolinguistics宏观语言学Kruszewski,Mikolajlinguisticbehaviour语言行为macroproposition宏观命题Kuno,Susumolinguisticbehaviourpotential语言行macrostructure宏观结构Lmainclause主句为潜势label标示标记linguisticcompetence语言能Malinowski,Bronislawlabial唇音man-machinesymbiosis人机共生力labiodental唇齿音linguisticcontext语言语境上下文mannermaxim方式准则language语言linguisticdata语言素材mannerofarticulation发音方式languageacquisitiondevice,LAD语linguisticdescription语言描写marked标记的言习得机制linguisticdeterminism语言决定masculine阳性languageattitude语言态度matalinguistic元语言学的论languagechoice语言选择linguisticfacts语言事实material(process)物质过程languagecomprehension语言理linguisticrelativity语言相对性mathematicalprinciples数学原解linguisticsexism语言性别歧视理languagedata语言素材linguisticstructure语言结构maxim准则languagelearning语言学习linguistictheory语言理论maximalonsetprinciple最大节首辅languagemaintenance语言维护linguisticunit语言单位音原则languageprocessing语言处理linguisticuniversal语言普遍meaningpotential意义潜languagestructure语言结构性势languagesystem语言系统linguisticvariation语言变异meaningshift转移languageteaching语言教linguistics语言学meaning意学liprounding圆唇化义languageuniversal语言普遍性literallanguage本义语言mental(processs)思维过程心理过languageuse语言使用literarystylistics文学文体学程mentalism心灵主义node节变化message信息mothertongue母语本族nominalgroup名词词组metafunction元功能nominalization名词化语metalinguistic元语言的motivation动因动机nominative主格metaphor隐喻move(移动)non-authenticinput非真实语料的输metathesis换位(作用)MT机器翻译入metonymy换喻转喻MTquality机译质量non-contrastiveanalysis非对比性分metre韵律multilateralopposition多边对立析metricalpatterning韵律格式multi-levelphonology多层次音系non-conventionality非规约性microcomputer微机non-detachability非可分离性学microprocessor微处理器multilingualism多语制多语现象non-linearphonology非线性音系mid中(元音)N学mind思维narratee被叙述者non-linguisticentity非语言实体minimalattachmenttheory最少接触narrator叙述者non-pulmonicsound非肺闭塞音理论narrators’representationofspeechnon-reciprocaldiscourse非交替性语minimalpair最小对立体acts,NRSA言语行为的叙述者表篇minimalistprogramnon-reflexivepronoun非反身代词达minimumfreeform最小自由形narrator’respresentationofspeech,nonsensewordstage无意义词语阶式NRS言语的叙述者表达段mirrormaxim镜像准则narrator’respresentationofthoughtnonverbalcues非言语提示mistake错误acts,NRTA思维行为的叙述者表norm规范modalsubject语气主语notationsystem标写系统达modalverb情态动词narrator’repsresentationofthought,notion意念modality情态NRT思维的叙述者表达notional-functionalsyllabus意念功能modernFrench现代法语narrowtranscription窄式音标教学大纲modification修饰narrowing狭窄化nounphrase名词短语modifier修饰语nasal鼻音noun名词monomorphemic单语素的nasalcavity鼻腔numbersystem数字系统monophonemic单音位的nasalsound鼻音number数字monophthong单元音nasalstop鼻塞音Omonosyllabic单音节的nasaltract鼻道object宾语Motaguegrammar蒙太古语法nasality鼻音性object-deletion宾语省略mood语气nasalization鼻音化objectivecase宾格morph形素词素形式Nash,Walterobjectivity客观性morpheme语素词素形nativespeaker操本族语者obligatory强制性素naturallanguage自然语言observationaladequacy观察充分morpheme-exchangeerror词素交错naturalisticdata自然语料性误near-adultgrammar近成人语法abstruction阻塞morphemicshape词素形状negation否定否定结构OCRscanner光学字符阅读器扫描morphemicstructure词素结构negative否定的仪morphemictranscription词素标negativeinterference负面干扰octametre八音步诗行音negativemarker否定标记OldEnglish古英语morphologicalchange形态变化negativetransfer负转移one-placepredicate一位谓语morphologicalrule形态规则neogrammarian新语法学家on-linetranslation在线翻译morphology形态学network网络onomatopoeia拟声词morpho-phonemiccomponent形态networkcomputer网络计算机onset节首辅音音位成分neutralizableopposition可中立对openclass开放类morphophonemics形态音位学opensyllable开音节立morphophonology形态音系学newinformation新信息operationalsystem操作系统morpho-syntacticalchange形态句法newstylistics新文体学operative可操作性operator操作词person人称polysyllabic多音节(词)oppositenessrelation对立关系personal(function)自指性功能polysystemicanalysis多系统分析opposition对立pharyngeal咽头音喉音Portugese葡萄牙语optimalrelevance最适宜关联pharynx喉头positivetransfer正移转option选择phatic(communion)寒暄交谈交感性possessive所有的属有的optional可选择的possiblegrammar可能语言的语谈话oralcavity口腔phone音素音子法oralstop口阻塞音phonematicunit音声单位postalveolar后齿龈音ordinalnumeral序数词phoneme音位post-Bloomfieldianlinguistics后布龙originoflanguage语言起源phoneticalphabet音标菲尔德语言学orthography正字法phoneticformcomponent语音形式postdeterminer后限定词ostensivecommunication直示交post-structuralistview后结构主义观部分际phoneticsimilarity语音相似性点output产出phoneticsymbol语音符号pragmaticinference语用推论overgeneralization过分法则化phonetictranscription标音pragmaticroles语用角色Ppragmatics语用学(法)palatal腭音舌面中音phonetics语音学PragueSchool布拉格学palatal-alveolar腭齿龈音phonologicalanalysis音位分析派palatalization(硬)腭化phonologicalcomponent音位部predeterminer前限定词paradigm聚合体predicatecalculus谓语演算分paradigmaticrelation聚合关phonologicallevel音系层predicatelogic谓语逻辑系phonologicalprocess音位过程predicate谓语paraphrase释义意译phonologicalrepresentation音位表predicator谓语(动)词parole言语predictivevalidity预测效度达partofspeech词类phonologicalrule音位规则pre-editing预先编辑译前加工participant参与者phonologicalstructure音位结构prefix前缀particle小品词语助词phonologicalsystem音位系统pre-modifiedinput预修正的输particulargrammar特定语的语phonologicalvariant音位变体入法phonology音系学premodifier前修饰语partitive部分的部分格phrasalverb短语动词preposition介词passivetransformation被动转phrase短语prepositionalcalculus介词演算换phrasestructure短语结构prepositionallogic介词逻辑passive(voice)被动语态phrasestructuregrammar短语结构prepositionalopposition介词对patterndrilltechnique句型操练语法立法phrasestructurerule,PSrule短语结prepositionalphrase介词短pattern模式构规则语patterning制定模式pidgin皮软语洋泾滨语不纯正外prescriptive规定式pause停顿presupposition前提预设语peak(节)峰Pitch音高声调高低primarycardinalvowel主要基本元perceptualspan感知时距placeofarticulation发音部位音perfectionism完善主义play剧本primarystress主重音第一重音perfective完成体plosion爆破principleofinformativeness信息性performancetest语言运用测试plosive爆破音爆发音原则performance语言运plural复数principleofleasteffort最省力原用pluralism多元主义则performative(verb)行事性动plurality复数形式principleofquantity数量原则词poetic(function)诗学功能privativeopposition表非对立表缺对perlocutionaryact话后行为poetry诗歌立perseverativecoarticulation重复性polymorphemic(word)多语素process过程协同发音词productionerror产生性错误productivity多产性realisation体现R-principle关联原则proficiencytest水平测试recall回忆rulesystem规则系统pro-form代词形式替代形式receivedpronunciation,RP标准发rule-basedapproaches基于规则的programminglanguage编程语言音方法progressive进行体receiver受话者信息接受者rulesoflanguage语言规则progressiveassimilation顺同化recencyeffect近期效应Sprojectionrule投射规则recognition识别samenessrelation相同关系pronominal代词recursion可溯Sanskrit梵文pronoun代词recursive可溯的还原的Sapir-WhorfHypothesis萨丕尔-沃夫pronunciation发音recursiveness递归性假设pronunciationdictionary发音词典reference所指参照Saussure索绪尔pronunciation发音referentialmeaning所指意义scaleofdelicacy精密阶proportionalopposition部分对referentialtheory所指理论schema图式立referential所指的scheme-orientedlanguage面向图式proposition命题reflectedmeaning反映意义的语言prosestyle散文风格reflexive(form)反身形式secondlanguageacquisition第二语prosodicanalysis节律分析超音质分regionaldialect地域方言言习得析register语域secondarycardinalvowel次要基本元psycholinguistics心理语言学regressiveassimilation逆同化音psycholinguistic-sociolinguisticregulatory(function)控制性语言功secondarystress次重音approach心理-社会语言学方法segment音段能psychologicalreality心理现实relationmaxim关系准则selectionrestriction选择限制psychologicalsubject心理主语relationalopposite关系对立selectionalrules选择规则psychologyoflanguage语言心理学relationalprocess关系过程self-reflexive自反身psychometric-structuralistapproachrelativeclause关系分句关系从句semanticassociationnetwork语义关心理测定-结构主义法relativepronoun关系代词联网络pulmonicsound肺闭塞音relativeuninterruptibility相对的非间semanticchange语义变化Putonghua普通话semanticcomponent语义部断性Qrelevancetheory关联理论分Q-basedimplicature基于质量的含reliability信度semanticfeature特征义repetition重复semanticinterpretation语义解释Q-principle质量原则representationalsystem表达系统semanticinterpretativerules语义解quality质representational表达实体释规则量residue剩余成分semanticprocess语义过程restrictedlanguage限制性语言semanticrepresentation语义表达qualitymaxim质量准则retrievalprocess检索过程semanticsentencepattern,SSP语义quantifier数量词retrievalsystem检索系统句型quantitativeanalysis定量分析retroflexsound卷舌音semantictriangle语义三角quantitativeparadigm数量变化表reverserhyme反陨semantics语义学quantitymaxim数量准则revisedextendedstandardtheory,semi-consonant半辅音quatrain四行诗REST修正扩展标准理论semioticsystem符号系统Rrewritingrules重写规则semiotics符号学range范围rheme述位semi-vowel半元音rank级rhetoricalskill修辞技能senserelation意义关系rationalism理性主义rhyme韵韵角压韵sense意义rawdata原始素材rhythm韵律节奏sentence句子R-basedimplicature基于关联的涵Romanalphabetletter罗马字母sentencefragments句子成分义root词根sentencemeaning句义reader读者rootmorpheme词根语素sentencememory句子记忆readingcomprehension阅读理解roundvowel圆元音sentencestress句重音sentencestructure句子结构speechsynthesis言语合成superlativedegree最高级sententialcalculus句子演算spelling拼写,拼法superordinate上坐标词setting场景splitinfinitives分裂的不定式suprasegmentalfeature超语段特征sibilant咝擦音spokencorpus口语语料库surfaceform表层形式sign符号spokenlanguagetranslation口语翻surfacerepresentation表层表达signified所指受指surfacestructure表层结构译signifier能指施指spondee扬扬格syllabicstructure音节结构simile明喻spoonerism首音互换斯本内现象syllabification音节划节simultaneity同时性spread展元音syllable音节singular单数S-structure表层结构syllabusdesign教学大纲设计situationalcontext情景语境stability稳定性syllabus教学大纲situationallevel情景层stabilityreliability稳定性效度syllogism三段论法situationalsyllabus情景教学大纲StandardEnglish标准英语symbol符号situationalvariation情景变异standardtheory标准理论synchronic(linguistics)共时(语言学)slot空缺standardization标准化synonym同义词socialrole社会角色statisticalanalysis统计分析synonymous同义的socialsemiotic社会符号学status地位synonymy同义现象socio-culturalrole社会文化角色stem词干syntacticcomponent句法部分sociolinguisticstudyoflanguage语言stimulus刺激syntacticfeatures句法特征的社会语言学研究stimulus-response刺激反应syntacticfunction句法功能sociolinguisticstudyofsociety社会stop闭塞音syntacticmarker句法标记的社会语言学研究storedknowledge储存知识syntacticprocess句法过程sociolinguistics社会语言学strategicknowledge学习策略知识syntacticrestriction句法限制sociologicalapproach社会学方法stratification层syntacticstructure句法结构softpalate软腭streamofconsciousness意识流syntacticalchange变化solidarity团结stresspattern重音模式syntagmaticrelation组合关系sonnet十四行诗stress重音syntax句法sonorant响音structuralanalysis结构分析systemnetwork系统网络sonorityscale响音阶structural(structuralist)grammar结systemofsigns符号系统sound语音systemofsystems系统的系统构语法soundimage语音图像structuralsyllabus结构教学大纲systemic(grammar)系统语法soundpattern语音模式structuraltest结构测试systemic-functionalGrammar,SFG系soundsegment音段structuralism结构主义统功能语法soundsystem语音系统structuralistlinguistics结构主义语言soundwave音波T学speaker’smeanin说g话者意义structuralistview结构主义观点tacitknowledge默契的知识speech言语style文体风格tagmeme法位speechacttheory言语行为理论stylisticanalysis文体分析tagmemics法位学speechcommunity言语社团stylistics文体学tap一次接触音speechcomprehension言语理解subcategorize次范畴targetlanguage目标语言speechevent言语事件subject主语tautology同义反复冗辞speechfunction言语功能subject-deletion主语省略template模块speechmode言语方式subjectivetest主观性测试tensevowel紧元音speechorgan言语器官subjectivity主观性tense时态speechperception言语感知subjunctivemood虚拟语气testcontent测试内容speechpresentation言语表达subordinateconstruction从属结构testform测试形式speechproduction;言语产生subordination从属testee受试者speechresearch言语研究substitutability替代性testing测试speechrole言语角色substitution替换test-retestreliability一测再测信speechsound语音suffix后缀度tetrameter四音步诗行Uvoicing浊音化,有声化text语篇Unaspirated不松气的vowelglide元音音渡textcomprehension语篇理解underlyingform底层形式vowel元音textencoding语篇编码underlyingrepresentation底层表达Wtextinterpretation语篇解释uninterruptibility非中断性webpage网页textstyle语篇风格universalgrammar,UG普遍语法Wh-interrogative特殊疑问句textualorganization语篇组织universalquantifier普遍限量词womenregister女性语域textual语篇功能universal普遍现象word词theme主位universality普遍性wordclass词类theoreticallinguistics理论语言学universalsoflanguage语言的普遍现wordformation词语形成third-personnarrator第三人称叙述wordgroup词组象者unmarked未标记的wordmeaning词义thoughtpresentation思想表达unroundedvowel非圆元音wordorder词序three-placepredicate三位谓语urbandialectology都市方言学wordrecognition词语识别tone声调音调user用户wordformation词语形成tongueheight舌高user-friendly方便用户的word-for-word逐词翻译tongueposition舌位utterancemeaning语句意义wording措辞tonguetip舌尖utterance语句workingmemorysystem工作记忆系topic主题uvula小舌统tracetheory轨迹论uvular小舌音writing文字traditionalgrammar传统语法writingsystem文字系统transcribed标音Vwrittenlanguage书面语transcription音标标音validity效度writtentext篇章transfer移转variable可变化的Xtransferapproach移转法variableword可变化词X-barTheoryX-bar理论transformation转换variation变异Ytransformationofinterrogation疑问variety变体语体yes/nointerrogative是非问句转换velar软腭音yes/noquestion是非问句transformationalcomponent转换部velarization腭音化Z分、transformationalgrammar转换语velum软口盖zeroform零形式法verb动词transformationalprocess转换过程verbphrase动词短语transformationalrule转换规则verbalcommunication言语交际transformational-generativegrammar,verbalprocess言语过程TGgrammar转换生成语法verbiage言辞transitivity及物性vernacularlanguageeducation本地translation翻译化教育treediagram树形图verticalrelation选择关系trill颤音vocabulary词汇trochee抑扬格长短格vocalcord声带trope转喻隐喻vocalorgan发音器官truthcondition真值条件vocaltract声道truthvalue真值vocative呼格tu/vousdistinction你/您区别voice语态turnlength话语轮次长度voicedconsonant浊辅音turnquantity话语轮次数量voicedobstruent浊塞音turn-taking依次发言voiced(sound)浊音two-placepredicate二位谓语voicelessconsonant清辅音two-wordutterance二词话语voicelessobstruent清塞音typology类型学voiceless(sound)清音。
神经科学中英文专业词汇对照
中英文专业对照表acetylcholinesterase, AChE 乙酰胆碱酯酶α--amino-3-hydroxy- 5methyl- 4-isoxa -zoleppropionate,AMPA α-氨基-羟基-5-甲基-4-异噁唑-丙酸accessory 附属细胞acetyl coenzyme A,乙酰CoA 乙酰辅酶AAcetylcholine,ACh 乙酰胆碱acid-sensing ionic channel,ASIC 酸敏感离子通道acquisition 获得action potential,AP 动作电位Acute autonomic paralysis,Acute dysautonomia 急性自主神经功能不全adapter protein 衔接子蛋白adeno-associated virus (AAV) 腺病毒相关病毒载体adenosindeaminase (ADA) 腺苷脱苷酶adenosine triphosphate,α、β、γATP 三磷酸腺adenovirus vector (AdV) 腺病毒载体adenylyl cyclase, AC 腺苷酸环化酶ADP-ribosylation ADP核酶化adrenal medulla chromaffin cell 肾上腺髓质嗜铬细胞adrenocorticotropic hormone releasing hormone, ACTH 促肾上腺激素释放激素advanced glycation end products,AGEs 晚期糖化终产物Agenesis of corpus callosum 胼胝体不发育agrin 聚集蛋白airway hyperresponsiveness,AH 气道高反应性A-kinase-anchoring-protein,AKAP 锚定蛋白alar plate 翼板allodynia 触诱发痛alpha – gamma coactivation α-γ共同激活Alzheimer disease, AD 阿尔茨海默病aminoguanidine, AG 氨基胍aminoxyacetic acid, AOAA 氨氧乙酸Ammon 海马amnesiac 没记性amphetamine 苯丙胺β- amyloid deposition Aβ沉积β- amyloid pre-protein, β-APP β-淀粉样前体蛋白β-amyloid protein,β-AP β-淀粉样蛋白Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ALS 肌萎缩性侧索硬化症anatomically addressedsynapse 解剖定向突触Anencephaly 无脑畸形angiotensinogen, AGT 血管紧张素原angiotensin或angiotonin,Ang 血管紧张素anisotropi 弥散的各向异性anterior column (horn) 前柱(角)antidiuretic hormone, ADH 抗利尿激素antigen-presenting cells,APC 抗原提呈细胞anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotide 反义寡脱氧核苷酸anti-sense techniques 反义技术apoptosis body 凋亡小体apoptosis inducing factor, AIF 细胞凋亡诱导因子apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC 表观弥散系数arginine-vasopressin, AVP 精氨酸升压素arm projection neurons 臂投射神经元aromatic alkylamine N-methyl transferase,AANMT 芳香烃胺氮位甲基移位酶aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, AADC 芳香族氨基酸脱羧酶Arrhythmicity 无节律artery spin labeling, ASL 动脉质子自旋标记法association region 联合区associative learning 联合性学习astrocyte 星形胶质细胞Atrial natriuretic factor,ANF 心钠素atrial natriuretic peptide, ANP 心房钠尿肽attention deficit hyperactive disorder, ADHD注意力障碍多动症autocoids 局部激素或自身活性物质autogenetic inhibition 自生性抑制automatic pathway 自动加工通路Autonomic Nervous System 自主神经系统autoreceptor 自身受体axon 轴突baclofen 氯苯氨基丁酸ball and chain model 球与链模型band pass filter 带通滤波器barrel field 桶区basal plate 基板Bedding 笼底铺垫物benzodiazepine, BZ 安定bicuculline 荷包牡丹碱Biological clock 生物钟biotin-avidin system 生物素-亲合素系统black widow spider venom 黑寡妇蜘蛛毒blood brain barrier,BBB 血-脑屏障Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent, BOLD 血氧水平依赖blood perfusion imaging 血流灌注显像bolus injection 团注bone marrow stem cells 骨髓干细胞bradykinesia 运动徐缓bradykinin, BK 缓激肽brain ischemia 脑缺血brain-derived neurotrophic factor ,BDNF 脑源性神经营养因子α-bungarotoxin,α-BGT α-银环蛇毒Bursts of openings 爆发型开放buspirone 丁螺环酮Ca2+ -overload Ca2+ 超载cadherin,CAD 钙粘着蛋白Calcineurin 钙调蛋白calcitonin gene-related peptide, CGRP 降钙素基因相关肽calcitonin, CT 降钙素calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II,CaM KII 钙/钙调素-依赖性蛋白激酶II Calpain 钙离子依赖性中性蛋白水解酶Calyculin A,CA 花萼海绵诱癌素cAMP response element binding protein ,CREB-1 cAMP反应元件结合蛋白-1β-carboline β-咔啉类化合物casein kinase-1,CK-1 酪蛋白激酶-1caspase 半胱氨酸/天冬氨酰蛋白酶Catalytic subunit 催化亚单位catecholamine, CA 儿茶酚胺catechol-o-methyl transferase,COMT 儿茶酚胺-氧位-甲基转移酶Caudal subnuclei 尾侧亚核caudate nucleus 尾核celiac plexus 腹腔神经丛cell apoptosis 细胞凋亡cell death gene (ced) 细胞死亡基因cell division cycle,cdc 细胞分裂周期cell engineering antibody techniques 细胞工程抗体技术cell line 细胞系cell lineage 细胞谱系cell therapy 细胞治疗cells adhesion molecules (CAMs) 细胞粘着分子central benzuzepine receptor 中枢性BZ受体central nervous system (CNS) 中枢神经系统central pattern generator,CPG 中枢构型发生器ceramide 神经酰胺cerebellar plate 小脑板cerebral infarction 脑梗死cerebral vasospasm,CVS 脑血管痉挛cervical flexure 颈曲cGMP-dependent protein kinase, CG-PK或PKG cGMP依赖性蛋白激酶chemical shift imaging CSI 化学位移成像chemically addressed synapse 化学定向突触chemoattraction 化学吸引chemokine 趋化因子chemorepulsion 化学排斥chlorpromazine 氯丙嗪cholecystokinin, CCK 缩胆囊素choline acetyltransferase, ChAT 胆碱乙酰基转位酶Choline, Cho 胆碱Cholineacetylase, ChAC 胆碱乙酰化酶cholinergic differentiation factor/leukemia inhibitory factor 胆碱分化因子/白血病细胞抑制因子chorda mesoderm 脊索中胚层ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor α,CNTFRα睫状神经营养因子受体αciliary neurotrophic factor, CNTF 睫状神经营养因子cingulate motor cortex 扣带运动区Circadian osci11ator 日节律Circadian pacemaker 日起律器Circadian time,CT 日时Circadian timing system 日节律定时系统clasp-knife reflex 折刀反射classical conditioning reflex 经典条件反射clonidine 氯压定clozapine 氯氮平co-agonist 辅助激动剂cocaine 可卡因cochlear Potential 耳蜗电位cognitive stimulation imaging 认知激活显像collapsin 萎陷蛋白colliculur plate 丘板conditioned response 条件反应conditioned stimulus,CS 条件刺激conjugate eye movement 联合眼运动connexon 连接蛋白Constant darkness∶DD 无光照的恒暗constitutive secretory 非Aβ源性途径或构成型分泌constitutive NOS, cNOS 结构型或原生型NOScontext -dependent 前后关系相依赖的convergence 会聚convergence-facilitation theory 会聚-易化学说convergence-projection theory 会聚-投射学说coordination bonds 配位键cortical atrophy 大脑皮质萎缩cortical plate 皮质板corticormotoneuronalcell,CM细胞皮质运动神经元corticostriatal loops 皮层-纹状体攀corticotropin releasing factor, CRF 促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子corticotropin releasing hormone, CRH 促皮质激素释放激素counter-response 对抗反应Creatine/Phosphocreatine, Cr/PCr 肌酸/磷酸肌酸creep 蠕变Creulzfeldt-Jakob disease,CJD 海绵状脑病cross cerebellar dysconnection,CCD 交叉性小脑联系不能crossed extension reflex 交叉伸反射或对侧伸肌反射cross-linking 广泛交联cross-talk 对话cyclic ADP-ribdse, cADPR 环ADP-核糖cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase, PKA 环磷酸腺苷依赖性蛋白激酶cyclin-dependent kinase,cdk 周期蛋白依赖性激酶Cycloheximide 环己亚胺,一种蛋白合成抑制剂cycloleucine 环亮氨酸Cyclosporin A ,CSA 环胞菌素Acytokine 细胞因子DAT , dopamine transporter 多巴胺转运体Deactivation 去活化decerebrate rigidity 去大脑僵直declarative memory or explicit memory 陈述记忆degranulation 脱粒delayed neuronal death,DND 迟发性神经元坏死delayed neuronal degeneration,DND 延迟性神经细胞退化delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCV) 迟发性CVSdendrite 树突dendritic cells 树状突细胞Deoxy-hemoglobin, Deoxy-Hb 脱氧血红蛋白Derepression 去抑制diacylglycerol,DAG 二酰基甘油diaschisis,DC 远隔离机能障碍diazepam binding inhibitor, DBI 致焦虑肽diencephalon vesicle 间脑泡diffuce noxious inhibitory controls, DNIC 广泛伤害抑制diffusible inducing factor 可扩散诱导因子diffusion weighted imaging, DWI 弥散加权成像diffusion-sensitizing gradient pulses,DSGP 弥散敏感梯度脉冲18F-DOPA 18氟-多巴directed synapse 定向突触dishabituation 去习惯化disinhibition 去抑制divergence 分散DNA fragmentation factor, DFF DNA断裂因子docking 搭靠docking 锚靠doctrine of specific nerve energies 特殊神经能量定律dopa-decarboxylase,DDC 多巴脱羧酶dopamine β–hydroxylase, DβH 多巴胺-β-羟化酶Dopamine ,DA 多巴胺Dopamine and cAMP regulated phosphoprotein, DARPP32 多巴胺和cAMP调节的32kDa磷蛋白dopamine transporter 多巴胺转运体Dopa-responsive dystonia 多巴反应性肌张力障碍droperidol 氟哌啶Drosophira;Fruit- fly 果蝇dual nerve supply 双重神经支配Duchenne muscular dystrophy, DMD 假肥大型肌营养不良症dunce 笨蛋dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡dynamic response 动态反应dynamic stretch reflex 动态牵张反射dynorphin,Dyn 强啡肽dystroglycan 肌营养不良蛋白多糖dystrophin 肌营养不良素early gene 早期基因early LTP 早期LTPecho planar imaging, EPI 回波平面成像Ectoderm 外胚层ectomeninx 外脑(脊)膜effector cells 效应细胞elaborate semantic retrival 精细复述提取elctrogenic potassium pump 生电性钾泵electrochemical potential,μ电化学电位electrotonic synapse 电紧张突触encapsulated cells 包囊细胞endocochlear potenyial,EP 耳蜗内电位endogenous opioid peptides 内源性阿片样肽endomeninx 内脑膜endorphlins 内啡肽类endothelial NOS, eNOS 内皮NOSendothelin, ET 内皮素endothelium Ec 微血管内皮细胞endothelium-derived relaxing factor,EDRF 内皮细胞源性血管舒张因子ENK , enkephalin 脑啡肽enterochromaffin cell 嗜铬细胞Entrainment 协同性epidermal grouth factor,EGF 表皮生长因子epilepsy 癫痫epinephrine或adrenaline, E或AD 肾上腺素episodic memory 事件记忆Erythromalalgia 红斑性肢痛症event related potential, ERP事件相关电位ex vivo 离体转移法excitatory amino acid ,EAA 兴奋氨基酸excitatory postsynaptic current,EPSC 兴奋性突触后电流excitatory postsynaptic potential,EPSP 兴奋性突触后电位exocytosis 胞吐exteroceptor 外感受器extinction 消退extracellular signal related protein kinase,ERKs 细胞外信号相关的蛋白激酶facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, FSHD 面肩肱型肌营养不良症fast transmission 快速突触传递18F-2-F-2-deoxy-D-glucose, 18F-FDG 18氟-2-氟代-2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖feedforward inhibition 前馈抑制fibroblast growt factor,FGF 成纤维细胞生长因子final pathway 最后通路Firing rate 放电频率fixating system 眼固定系统flexion reflex afferents,FRAs 屈肌反射传入纤维flexor reflex 屈肌反射floor plate 底板6-fluotryptophan 6-氟色氨酸fluoxetine 氟西汀forebrain or prosencephalon vesicle 前脑泡Forkhead 叉头蛋白,一种诱导凋亡的转录因子Forskolin,FK 富司克林520free choline 游离胆碱Free induction decay FID 自由感应衰减Freerunning 自律Frequency coding 频率编码functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI 功能性核磁共振显像functional MRI, fMRI 脑功能磁共振成像fusion 融合GABA -氨基丁酸Gadolinium,Gd 钆galanin, Gal 甘丙肽gap junction 缝隙连接gating currents 门控电流GDNF, glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor 胶质源性神经营养因子gene augmentation 基因增强gene constraint 基因抑制gene correction 基因修正gene engineering antibody techniques 基因工程抗体技术gene inactivation 基因失活gene replacement 基因置换gene therapy 基因治疗gene transfer techniques 基因转染技术general somatic afferent 一般躯体传入核团general somatic efferent 一般躯体传出核团general viseral efferent 一般内脏传出核团generator potential 发生器电位genetically engineered cells 遗传工程细胞或遗传修饰细胞Genicu1ohypotha1amic tract,GHT 膝丘束glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, GDNF 胶质细胞源性神营养因子globus pallidus 苍白球Glutamate/Glutamine, Glu /Gln, 总称Glx 谷氨酸/谷氨酰胺glutamic acid decarboxylase,GAD 谷氨酸脱羧酶glutathione S-trasferase,GSTM1 谷胱甘肽硫基转移酶glycation 异常糖化Glycerophosphocholine 甘油磷酸胆碱130kDa glycoprotein gp130glycoprotein 糖蛋白glycosylation 糖基化glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage,GPI 糖基磷脂酰肌醇键goaldirected 目标指向gonadotropin releasing hormone, GnRH 促性腺激素释放激素Gr kinase 大鼠小脑源性钙/钙调素-依赖性蛋白激酶gradient echo 梯度回波graphesthesia 书写觉growth cone 生长锥growth hormone releasing hormone, GRH 生长激素释放激素growth hormone, GH 生长激素GSH , glutathione 谷胱甘肽guanine nucleoside regulatory proteins 鸟核苷酸调节蛋白,G调节蛋白,简称G蛋白Guillain-Barre syndrome, GBS 格林-巴利综合征habituation 习惯化Half-Center model 半中枢模式haloperidol 氟哌啶醇hand manipulation neurons 手操作神经元hand-eye coordination neurons 手-眼协调神经元hematopoietic cytokines 成血细胞因子heme 血红素hemeostasis 自稳调节hemicholinum-3,HC-3 密胆碱-3herpes simples virus (HSV) 单纯疱疹病毒载体heteroceptors 异源受体heterodimer 异质二聚体high molecular weight-MAP,HMW-MAP 微管相关蛋白hindbrain or rhombencephalon vesicle 后(菱)脑泡hippocampus 海马hirudin 水蛭素histamine 组胺homobox genes (Hox) 同源盒基因homogeneity 同源性homophilic 同种亲和homoreceptor 同源受体homovanillic acid, HVA 高香草酸hormone 激素human sodium/iodine transporter, h Na/Itransporter 人钠/碘同向转运体Huntington disease, HD 亨廷顿病hydrazinopropionic acid 肼基丙酸6-hydroxydopa 6-羟多巴hydroxyindole-o-methyl transferase,HIOMT 羟基吲哚氧位甲基移位酶5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, 5-HIAA 5-羟吲哚乙酸3,4-hydroxy-phenylacetic acid, DOPAC 3,4-双羟苯乙酸5-hydroxytryptamine transporter, 5-HTT5-羟色胺转运体5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT5-羟色胺5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, 5-HTPDC 5-羟色氨酸脱羧酶hyperalgesia 痛觉过敏hypercolum 超柱hyperkinesia 运动过度hyperkplexia 惊厥病hypokinesia 运动减少Hypophysiotrophic area,HTA 下丘脑促垂体区idiopathic orthostatic hypotension 特发性直立性低血压imaging agent 显像剂imaging fusion techniques, image registration techniques 图像融合技术imaging techniques 显像技术immediate early genes ,IGEs 即刻早期基因immortalized cell 永生细胞immunnoisolated cell therapy 免疫隔离细胞疗法Immunologically privileged organ 与免疫系统作用“隔绝”的“特赦”器官immunoreactivity 免疫反应性123I-N-isopropyl-p-iodo-amphetamine, 123I-IMP 123碘-IMPimplicit memory 内隐记忆imprinting 铭记in vivo 活体直接转移法inactivation 失活inclusion 包涵体inducible NOS,iNOS 诱生型NOSinhibin 抑制素inhibitor-1 抑制物-1inhibitory amino acid, IAA 抑制性氨基酸inhibitory autoreceptor 抑制性自身受体inhibitory postsynaptic current,IPSC 抑制性突触后电流inhibitory postsynaptic potential,IPSP 抑制性突触后电位initial segment,IS 轴突始段inorganicphosphate,Pi 无机磷Inositol, Ino 肌醇inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate,IP3三磷酸肌醇Input pathway 传入通路insulin-like growth factor,IGF 胰岛素样生长因子integrin 整合素Intergeniculate1eaflet,IGL 外侧膝状体膝间小叶interleukin,IL 白细胞介素intermediate zone (IZ) or mantle zone (MZ) 中间层或套层intermesenteric plexus 肠系膜间神经丛interneuronal communication 神经元通讯interneurons 中间神经元interoceptor 内感受器intersegmental reflex 节间反射intracerebral hemorrhage,ICH 脑出血intrafusal muscle fiber 梭内肌纤维inverse agonist 反向激动剂inverse myotatic reflex 反肌伸长反射involuntary nervous system 不随意神经系统ion channel 离子通道IP3-5-phosphomonoesterase,IP3-5-PME IP3磷酸单酯酶isoguvacine 异四氢烟酸Isoproterenol,IP 异丙肾上腺素IV ventricle 第四脑室J-coupling J耦合jet 1ag 快速时区变化综合征,俗称倒时差Jun amino-terminal kinase Jun氨基末端激酶justaglomerular apparatus 旁肾小球装置Kainic acid,KA 海人酸kallikrein-kininogen-kinin,KKK 激肽释放酶一激肽原一激肽ketamine 氯胺酮Kinesthetic aproxia 运动性运用不能kinin 激肽kinocilium 动纤毛knee jerk reflex 膝跳反射knockout,Kn 基因敲除kynurenate 犬尿烯酸Lactate Lac 乳酸laminin 层粘连蛋白late gene 晚期基因late LTP 晚期LTPlateral column (horn) 侧角(柱)lateral inhibition 侧抑制lateral premotor area 外侧前运动区l-dopa 左旋多巴leak out 漏出leak potassium channels “漏钾”通道lectin-like receptor 凝集素样受体leucine rich motif, LRM 亮氨酸富集结构leukemia inhibitory factor receptor β,LIEFβ白血病抑制因子受体βLeukotrienes 白三烯Lewy body Lewy 小体L-glutamate-γ-hydrazide L-谷氨酸-γ-肼ligand 配体Ligand-gated ion channels 配体门控离子通道Light-dark cyc1e,LD 明-暗周期limb-girdle muscular dystrophy,LGMD 肢带型肌营养不良症Lipid, Lip 脂质lipofectin 阳离子脂质体lipofuscin 脂褐质liposome-mediated DNA transfer 脂质体介导的DNA转移load test 负荷试验local circuit neuron 局部环路神经元local circuits 局部环路local or intrinsic neurons 局部神经元local response 局部反应locomotion 行走运动Long-day breeder 长日繁殖动物Long-term depression,LTD 长时程抑制long-term memory 长时记忆long-term potentiation,LTP 长时程增强lumlar splanchnic nerve 腰内脏神经丛luteinzing hormone releasing hormone, LHRH 促黄体生成激素释放激素lymphoid stroma 淋巴样基质lymphorrhage 淋巴溢lysergic acid diethylamide,LSD 麦角二乙酰胺MAG 髓鞘相关糖蛋白magnetic resonance spectroscopy, MRS 磁共振波谱学magnetic susceptibility 磁化率major depression 重性抑郁症MAO-B 单胺氧化酶Bmarginal zone (MZ) 缘层MBP 髓鞘碱性蛋白Me1atonin 褪黑激素medial motor cortex 内侧运动区mediator 介质Meissner’s Corpuscle Meissner触觉小体melatonin 褪黑素Meningomyelocele 脊髓脊膜膨出3-mercaptopropionic acid, 3-MP 3-巯基丙酸Merkel’s disk Merkel球3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl glycol, MHPG 3-甲氧基-4-羟苯乙二醇5-methoxyindole acetic acid, 5-MIAA 5-甲氧基吲哚乙酸α-Methyl-dopa-hydrazine α-甲基多巴肼mesencephalic aqueduct 中脑水管mesencephalic flexure 中脑曲mesencephalic locomotor region,MLR 中脑运动区Mesenchyme 间胚层metabolic imaging 新陈代谢显像metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluRs 旧称ACPD受体促代谢型谷氨酸受体Metoclopramide 甲氧氯普胺,又称灭吐灵、胃复安micro positron emission tomography, microPET 微型正电子发射式断层仪microbrain system in the heart 心脏微脑系统microcapsule 微囊microcircuits 微环路Microencephaly 脑过小畸形microglical cell 小胶质细胞microneurography 微神经元图microphonic potential, CM 微音器电位microtubule associated protein,MAP 微管相关蛋白midbrain or mesencephalon vesicle 中脑泡miniature end-plate potential,MEPP 微小终板电位mirrorneurons 镜像神经元mitogen 有丝分裂素mitogen-activated protein kinase ,MAP激酶分裂素活化蛋白激酶modality 感觉模态modulator 调质MOG 髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白monoamine oxidase, MAO 单胺氧化酶monoclonal antibody 单克隆抗体monosynaptic reflex 单突触反射mood stabilizing drugs 情感心境稳定剂motifs 结构单元motoneuron pool 运动神经元池motor neuron disease 运动神经元疾病motor nucleus 运动核motor unit 运动单位motormap 大脑皮质运动定位图MPP+, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, 1-甲基-4苯基吡啶离子MPTP,1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-etrahydropyridine 1-甲基-4苯基-1, 2, 3, 6-四羟吡啶Mullerian duct inhibiting hormone, MIH 苗勒氏管抑制激素multiple sclerosis, MS 多发性硬化Multiple system atorphy 多系统萎缩muscatinic receptor,M-AChR 毒蕈碱受体,M-受体muscimol 蝇蕈醇muscle spindle 肌梭myllinatio 髓鞘形成myllination 体节myoblasts 成肌细胞myogenic cells 肌源细胞myo-Inositol,mI 内消螺旋肌醇myotatic reflex 肌伸长反射myotonic dystrophy, DM 强直性肌营养不良症N-acetylaspartate, NAA 氮乙酰天门冬氨酸Natriuretic peptide,ANP 肾内利钠肽n-butyl-β-carboline-3- carboxylate,β-CCB n-丁基-β-咔啉-3-羧酸negative shift 负转化nerve growth factor, NGF 神经生长因子Netrin 网蛋白network 网络neural cell adhesion molecule,NCAM 神经细胞粘连分子neural progenitor cells 神经元前体细胞neuritic thread, NT 神经炎毯neuroblast 成神经细胞neurodegenerative diseases 神经退行性疾病neuroeffector junction 神经元-效应器连接neurofibrillary tangle,NFT 神经原纤维缠结neurogliocyte 神经胶质细胞neuroimmunoendocrine network 神经免疫内分泌网络neuroimmunomodulation 神经免疫调制neurokinin, NK 神经激肽neuroleptics 抗精神失常的药物neurolukin 神经白细胞素neuromeres 神经管节(菱形节)Neuron 神经元neuronal NOS,nNOS 神经元型NOSneuronal plasticity 神经元可塑性neuronotrophic factors (NTFs) 神经营养因子neuropeptide K, NPK 神经肽Kneuropeptide Y, NPY 神经肽Yneuropeptide, NP 神经肽neurotensin, NT 神经降压素neurotransmitter coexistence 递质共存neurotrophic factors, NTFs 神经营养因子neurotrophin receptor interacting factor,NRIF NT受体相互作用因子neurotrophin receptor, p75NTR神经营养素受体neurotrophin, NTs家族神经营养素家族neurotrophin-3 ,NT-3 神经营养素-3 neurotrophin-4/5, NT-4/5 神经营养素-4/5 neurotrophin-6 神经营养素-6 Neurulation 神经胚形成nicotinid receptor,N-AChR 烟碱受体, N-受体nitrergic 氮能Nitric oxide ,NO 一氧化氮nitric oxide synthase, NOS 一氧化氮合酶nitric oxide, NO 一氧化氮nitroxidergic 一氧化氮能N-methyl-D-aspartate, NMDA N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸nociception 伤害性感受non-adrenergic non- cholinergic, NANC 非肾上腺素能非胆碱能nonassociative learning 非联合性学习non-automatic pathway 控制通路或非自动加工通路nondeclarative memory or implicit memory 非陈述记忆non-directed synapse 非定向突触Nonphotic entrainment 非光源协同化non-proline-directed protein kinase,non-PDPK 非脯氨酸指导的蛋白激酶no-reflow 无复流norepinephrine或noradrenaline,NE或NA 去甲肾上腺素Notch Intracellular Domain, NICD 胞内域nuclear bag fiber 核袋纤维nuclear chain fiber 核链纤维nuclear factor-κ gene binding κ基因结合核因子Nucleus tractus solitarius, NTS 孤束核octreotide 奥曲肽ocular disparity representation 眼差异代表区Ocular Dominance Columns 眼优势柱oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, OPMD 眼咽型肌营养不良症ohosphatidylinositol,ptdlns 磷脂肌醇Okaidaic acid,OA 冈田酸6-OHDA 6-羟基多巴胺oligodendroglia cell 少突胶质细胞omnipause neurons 全暂停神经元open-channel blockers 开放通道阻滞剂operant conditioning reflex 操作式条件反射opioid peptide,OP 阿片肽opioid receptor-like ,ORL 阿片受体样受体opioid receptors 阿片受体optic chiasm 视交叉optokinetic reflex 眼动反射ordered recruitment 有序募集organic sensation 脏器感受orphan receptor 孤儿受体orphanin, OFQ 孤啡肽orthographic processing 字型加工OSP 少突胶质细胞特异蛋白otoacoustic emission,OAE 耳声发射output pathway 传出通路overshoot 超射oxygen free radicals 氧自由基Oxy-hemoglobin, Oxy-Hb 氧合血红蛋白oxytocin, OT 催产素Pacemaker 起律pacemaker细胞P细胞Pacinian Corpuscle 环层小体pain 痛觉paired helical filament,PHF 双螺旋丝pancreatic polypeptide, PP 胰多肽Pandysautonomia 全自主神经功能不全parabrachial area 臂旁区para-chlorophenylalamine,PCPA 对氯苯丙氨酸parallel process 平行过程parallel synapse 平行性突触paramagnetic 顺磁paramedian pontine reticular formation, PPRF 旁正中脑桥网状结构pargyline 帕吉宁parietal pain 壁层痛parieto-premotor channels 顶叶-前运动通路Parkinson’s disease, PD 帕金森病paroxetine 帕罗西汀part per million 化学位移相对值particle bombardment 颗粒轰击技术patch clamp 膜片钳patterned movement 型式化运动p-chloroamphetamine, PCA 对氯苯丙胺penumbra 缺血半暗带peptide YY, PYY 胰多肽样肽perceptual representative system,PRS 知觉表征系统perfusion weighted imaging, PWI 灌注成像perikaryon 核周体phage display 噬菌体展示Phase advance 时相前移Phase de1ay 时相后移Phase response curve,PRC 时相反应曲线Phase shifting 时相位移phencyclidine,PCP 苯环已哌啶(苯环立啶)phenyketonurin 苯丙酮尿症phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase, PNMT 苯乙醇胺氮位甲基移位酶pheochromocytoma cells(PC12) 大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞δ-philanthotoxin(δ-PHTX) 寄生穴蜂毒素phonological processing 语音加工phorbel ester 佛波醇酯phosphalidylinosilol 磷脂酰肌醇Phosphocholine 磷酸胆碱phosphocreatine,PCr 磷酸肌酸phosphodiesterase PDE 磷酸二酯酶phosphodiesters, PDE 磷酸双脂phosphoinositide cycle 肌醇磷脂循环phospholipase C PLC 磷脂酶C phosphomonoesters, PME 磷酸单脂phosphoprotein phosphatases 磷蛋白磷酸(酯)酶phosphotidyl inositol,PI 磷脂酰肌醇Photoentrainment 光源协同性Photorecepto 光感受器phrenology 颅相学Pinealocytes 松果体细胞pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide, PACAP 垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽place coding 部位编码Plasma membrane transporter 膜转运体plasmid vector 质粒载体plasticity 可塑性pletelet-derived growth factor,PDGF 血小板源性生长因子PLP 蛋白脂蛋白poattetanic potentiation 强直后强化point-resolved spectroscopy PRESS 点分辨光谱法polymodal 多模式型polysynaptic reflex 多突触反射pontine flexure 桥曲positron emission tomography,PET 正电子发射断层扫描posterior column (horn) 后柱(角)posterior commissure 后联合Posterior parietal cortex 后顶叶皮质post-receptor defect 受体后缺陷postsynaptic current 突触后电流postsynaptic potential,PSP 突触后电位Premotor cortex area,PM 前运动区preparatory potential 准备电位pre-pro-opiomelanocortin, POMC 前阿黑皮素原pre-protachykinin, PPT 前速激肽原pre-supplementary motor area 前辅助运动区presynaptic inhibition 突触前抑制pretangle 缠结形成前期preterminal N-AChRs 末梢前N-胆碱受体primary afferent depolarization, PAD 初级传入纤维末梢去极化Primary motor cortex,MI 初级运动皮质primary neurons 原代神经元primary non-neuronal cells 原代非神经元细胞primary orthostatic hypotension,亦即Shy-Drager综合征原发性直立性低血压primary sensory ending 初级感觉末梢primilite meninx 原始脑(脊)膜principle of connectional 神经元通信特性原理Principle of dynamic polarizational 神经元极化原理procedural memory 程序记忆programmed cell death 程序性细胞死亡prolactin, PRL 催乳素proline-directed protein kinase,PDPK 脯氨酸指导的蛋白激酶propriospinal neuron 脊髓固有神经元prostaglandins,PGs 前列腺素proteasome 泛素蛋白酶小体protective effect 保护作用protein kinase C,PKC 蛋白激酶Cprotein phosphatases,PP 蛋白磷酸酯酶pseudoaffective reaction 伪情感反应Pure Pandysautonomia “全”或“纯”自主神经功能不全putamen 壳核quantal release 递质量子释放quasi visceral pain 准内脏痛123I-quinuclidinyl-benzilate, 123I-QNB 123碘-二苯羟乙酸喹啉酯quinolinic acid QUIN 喹啉酸Quisqualic acid ,QA 使君子(氨)酸radial glial cell 放射胶质细胞radioimmunoassay, RIA 放射免疫分析技术radio-immunu-imaging, RII 放射免疫显像radionuclide imaging techniques 放射性核素显像技术radio-receptor imaging 放射受体显像ragidity 肌僵直Raphe nuclei 中缝核rapid eye movement, REM 快速眼动Rathkes Pouch 拉司克囊Raynaud's Disease and Raynaud's Phenomenom 雷诺氏病及雷诺氏现象receptive field-specificity of the columns 柱的感受野特性receptor 受体receptor for advanced glycation end products,RAGE 晚期糖化终产物受体receptor potential 感受器电位receptor tyrosine kinase, RTK 受体酪氨酸激酶receptor-specificity of columns 柱的感受器特性reciprocal inhibition 交互神经支配reciprocal inhibition 交互抑制reciprocal synapse 交互性突触recurrent inhibition 返回性抑制referred pain 牵涉痛regional cerebral blood flow, rCBF 局部脑血流量regional Cerebral Blood Volume, rCBV 局部脑血容量regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose, rCMRGlu 局部脑葡萄糖代谢率regional Mean Transit Time, rMTT 局部平均通过时间Regulatory subunit 调节亚单位relaxation rate 质子弛豫率relay or principal neurons 接替神经元resetting 重新调定resting membrane potential,RMP或RP 静息膜电位restrictive diffusion 受限弥散retention 保留reticular formation, RF 网状结构Retinohypotha1amic tract;RHT 视丘束retrovirus vector (RV) 逆转录病毒载体reversal current 向膜内流转变为向外流rewarding system 奖赏系统Riley Day综合征, familial dysautonomia 家族性自主神经功能不全risperdal 维思通rodopsin 视紫红质rohombic lips 菱唇Rolipram 罗列普拉roof plate 顶板rostral interstitial nucleus 间质核Ruffini’s corpuscle Ruffini小体Running-wheel 跑动轮rutabaga 傻瓜saccadic eye movement 眼扫视运动scaffolds 脚手架scavenger receptor, SR 清道夫受体schizophrenia 精神分裂症sebsorimotor transformation 感觉运动转化Secondary sensory ending 次级感觉末梢selegiline 司来吉兰selfaggregation 易自聚性semantic memory 语义记忆semantic processing 语义加工semaphorin 导向蛋白senile plaque,SP 老年斑sensitization 敏感化serial synapse 连续性突触serine hydroxymethyl transferase, SHMT 丝氨酸羟甲基移位酶serotonin-type S型set-related 设置相关sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area, SDN-POA 视前区性别双态核shearing motion 剪切运动short latency-abrupt, SL-A 短潜伏期-突发性short latency-sustained, SL-S 短潜伏期-持续性short-term memory 短短时记忆shuntinginhibition 分流抑制shuttle vector 穿梭载体Silent nociceptor 静止痛觉感受器single chain Fv antibody fragment, scFv 单链Fv抗体single photon emission computed tomography,SPECT 单光子发射式计算机断层仪size principle 大小原则skeletofusimotor or beta efferents 骨骼肌梭动纤维或β传出纤维slow transmission 慢速突触传递small fiber neuropathy 小纤维神经病smooth pursuit movement 眼平稳跟踪运动sodium dodecylsulfate,SDS 十二烷基硫酸钠soluble guanylyl cyclase,sGC 鸟苷酸环化酶somatostatin, SS 生长抑素somatotopic organization 定位关系somites 体节SP , substance P P物质space constant,r 空间常数spatial pattern 空间构型special summation 空间总和special viseral afferent 特殊内脏传入核团special viseral efferent 特殊内脏传出核团specific 5-HT binding protein, SBP 5-HT结合蛋白SPECT, single photon emission computed tomography 单光子发射计算机断层扫描spike potential 锋电位Spina bifida occulta 隐性脊柱裂spinal shock 脊休克spinalisation 脊髓化spinohypothalamic tract,SHT 脊髓下丘脑束spinoreticular tract, SRT 脊髓网状束spinothalamic tract, STT 脊丘束spin-spin coupling 自旋-自旋耦合stagnant or ischemia anoxia 停滞性(或缺血性)缺O2 stance phase 站立相state-dependent reflex reversal 状态依赖性反射逆转static equilibrium 静态平衡static response 静态反应static stretch reflex 静态牵张反射statistic parameter map, SPM 123碘-IMPstereocilia 静纤毛stereognosis 实体觉steriod concentrating neuron 浓集性腺类固醇的神经元stiffness 劲度stimulated-echo acquisition mode STEAM 受激回波采集方式stimulation produced analgesia,SPA 脑刺激镇痛stretch reflex 牵张反射striatum 纹状体stromal cells 基质细胞subcortical and cortical motivation areas 皮质与皮质下动机区Subjective day 主观昼Subjective night 主观夜submedian 中线下核subnucleus reticularis dorsalis, SRD 背侧网状亚核Subparaventricular zone 室旁下区substantia inomata 未名质substantia nigra pars compacta, SNc 黑质致密部substantia nigra pars reticulata, SNr 黑质网状部substantia nigra, SN 黑质subthalamic nucleus, STN 丘脑底核subventricular zone SZ 脑室下层succinic semialdehyde, SSA 琥珀酸半醛sulcus limitans 界沟sulpiride 舒必利sumatriptan 舒马坦summating potential,SP 总和电位suoerfamily 超家族superparamagnetic 超顺磁性supplement move area,SMA 辅助运动区Suprachiasmatic nuclei;SCN 视交叉上核swing phase 移动相syllo-Inositol SISympathetic system, ,parasympathetic system 交感神经系统及副交感神经系统synapse 突触synapsin 突触蛋白synaptic after-polarization细胞SAH细胞synaptic contact zone 突触接触带synaptic convergence 突触性聚合synaptic divergence 突触性分散synaptic facilitation 突触易化synaptic glomerulus 突触球synaptic integration 突触整合synaptic plasticity 突触可塑性synaptic potentiation 突触强化synaptic细胞S细胞synaptophysin 突触素Synchronization 同步化syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH,SIADH 抗利尿激素分泌不当综合征tachykinin 速激肽tacrine 他可林target cells 靶细胞targeted gene transfer via receptors 受体介导的基因转移Telencephalon vesicle 端脑泡temporal ischemic attack, TIA 暂时性缺血性发作temporal pattern 时间构型temporal resolution 时间分辨率temporal summation 时间总和tendon organ 腱器官terminal N-AChRs 末梢N-胆碱受体testis determining factor,TDF 睾丸决定因子testosterone 睾酮tetrabenazine 四苯嗪tetrahydrofolate, FH4 四氢叶酸Therapeutic-window 治疗窗4,5,6,7-tetra hydroiso oxazalo-[5,4-C] pyridine-3-ol THIPthreshold potential,TP 阈电位thymie polypeptid hormone 胸腺多肽激素thyrotropin hormone,TSH 促甲状腺激素thyrotropin releasing hormone, TRH 促甲状腺激素释放激素time constant 时间常数Timekeeping 定时Timing cues 时信tissue modeling 脑组织塑型trafficking 交通移动transaldolase 转缩醛酶transcortical circuits 跨皮质环路transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation,TENS 跨皮电刺激神经transcytosis 细胞内转运作用transforming growth factor-β, TGF-β转化生长因子-β。
专业技术中英文词汇
内部资料
工作常用名词(中英对照)
Ver: A0 序号 英文词组
Cosmetic defects形容外观缺陷
Eg :1.Printing Deflection(印刷偏位)2.There will be a deflection when printing due to the font is too narrow (字符太窄将引起印刷偏 位)
色泽不均 磨痕 硬划伤 漏镀 漏光 溢流 局部发黄 镀层脱落
MTL专业术语词典
内部资料
1 1
粗糙的,粗糙 缩水 细划伤 曲翘 熔接线 皱纹
1 1
1 1
30 31 32 33 34 35
Adhesive tape Base coating Bottom flange CD veins Channeling / groove Clicking / feeling
异常处理 耐磨测试
MTL专业术语词典
内部资料
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
苯乙烯丁二烯丙烯氰 验收管制图 验收费用 允收准则 允收误差 促进剂 良品 达到制程稳定 背胶 抗静电 防眩层 防止反射 防污 老化现象 退膜 老化实验 防呆 字符 斜顶 年销售额 防菌层
1
116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137
Lens Flat lens Injection lens IML lens Hard coating Mirror effect Transparency Translucency)
镜片
MTL专业术语词典
内部资料
语言学专业词汇中英文对照版
语言学术语(英-汉对照)表Aabbreviation 缩写词,略语ablative 夺格,离格accent 重音(符)accusative 宾格achievement test 成绩测试acoustic phonetics 声学语音学acquisition 习得acronym 缩略语action process 动作过程actor 动作者address form 称呼形式addressee 受话人addresser 发话人adjective 形容词adjunct 修饰成分附加语adverb 副词affix 词缀affixation词缀附加法affricate 塞擦音agreement 一致关系airstream 气流alliteration 头韵allomorph 词/语素变体allophone 音位变体allophonic variation 音位变体allophony音位变体现象alveolar ridge 齿龈alveolar 齿龈音ambiguity 歧义analogical creation 类推造字anapest 抑抑扬格anaphor 前指替代anaphoric reference 前指照应animate 有生命的annotation 注解antecedent 先行词前在词anthropologicallinguistics 人类语言学anticipatorycoarticulation 逆化协同发音antonomasia 换称代类名antonym 反义词antonymy 反义(关系)appellative 称谓性applied linguistics 应用语言学applied sociolinguistics应用社会语言学appropriacy 适宜性appropriateness 适宜性得体性approximant 无摩擦延续音aptitude test 素质测试Arabic 阿拉伯语arbitrariness 任意性argument 中项中词主目article 冠词articulation 发音articulator 发音器官articulatory phonetics 发音语音学artificial speech 人工言语aspect 体aspirated 吐气送气assimilation 同化associative 联想associative meaning 联想意义assonance 准压韵半谐音attributive 属性修饰语定语auditory phonetics 听觉语音学authentic input 真实投入authorial style 权威风格authoring program 编程autonomy 自主性auxiliary 助词auxiliary verb 助动词Bbabbling stage 婴儿语阶段back—formation 逆构词法base component 基础部分behavioural process 行为过程behaviourism 行为主义bilabial 双唇音bilabial nasal 双唇鼻音bilateral opposition 双边对立bilingualism 双语现象binary division 二分法binary feature 二分特征binary taxonomy 二分分类学binding 制约binding theory 制约论blade 舌叶舌面前部blank verse 无韵诗blending 混成法borrowing 借用借词bound morpheme 粘着语素bounding theory 管辖论bracketing 括号法brevity maxim 简洁准则bridging 架接broad transcription 宽式音标broadening 词义扩大Brown corpus 布朗语料库Ccalculability 可计算性calque 仿造仿造词语cancellability 可删除cardinal numeral 基数cardinal vowel 基本元音case 格case grammar格语法case theory格理论category 范畴categorical component 范畴成分causative 使役的使投动词center 中心词central determiner 中心限定词chain relation 链状关系chain system 链状系统choice 选择choice system 选择系统circumstance 环境因子class 词类class shift 词性变换clause 小句从句click 吸气音咂音clipping 截断法closed class 封闭类closed syllable 闭音节cluster 音丛coarticulation 协同发音coda 结尾音节符尾code 语码信码cognitive psychology 认知心理学cognitive system 认知系统coherence 相关关联cohension 衔接co—hyponym 同下义词colligation 类连结collocative meaning 搭配意义color word 色彩词color word system 色彩词系统command 指令common core 共核common noun 普通名词communication 交际communicative competence 交际能力communicative dynamism, CD 交际性动力communicative language teaching, CLT 交际语言教学法communicative Sentence Pattern, CSP 交际性句子模式communicative syllabus 交际教学大纲communicative test 交际性测试communicative—grammatical approach 交际-语法教学法compact disk 激光盘comparative degree 比较级competence 能力complement 补语complementary antonym 互补反义词complementary antonymy 互补反义关系complementary distribution互补分布complex predicate 复合谓语component 成分componential analysis 成分分析composite proposition 复合命题compositionality 复合性compound 复合词复合句comprehension 理解computation 计算computational linguistics 计算语言学computational system 计算系统computer—assisted learning,CAL 计算机辅助学习computer corpus 计算机语料库computer hardware 计算机硬件computer literacy 计算机操作能力computer networks 计算机网络computer system 计算机系统computer—assistedinstruction, CAI 计算机辅助教学computer-assistedlearning,CALL 计算机辅助语言学习conative 意动的concept 概念conceptual meaning 概念意义concord 一致(关系)concordance 共现关系concrete noun 具体名词concurrent 同时发生的conjugation 词形变化conjunct 连接副词conjunction 连接词conjunction buttressing 连接词支撑connotation 内涵consequent 跟随成分consonance 辅音韵consonant辅音constant opposition 不变对立constative 表述的constituent command 成分指令constituent proposition 成分命题constituent structure analysis 成分结构分析constituent 成分construct 编制construct validity 编制效度construction 构建constructivism 构建主义content analysis 内容分析content validity 内容效度content word 实义词context dependent 语境依赖的context of situation 情景语境context 语境contextual analyses 语境分析contextual meaning 语境意义contrastive analysis 对比分析control theory 控制理论controlled language 有控制的语言convention 常规规约conventional meaning 常规意义规约意义conventionality 常规性规约性conversational implicature会话含义conversational maxim 会话准则converse antonymy 相反反义现象conversion 变换cooperative principle, CP 合作原则coordinate construction 并列结构coordination 并列coreferential 互参的coronal 舌面前音corpus data 语料库语料corpus (pl corpora)语料素材corpus linguistics 语料库语言学context 上下文countable 可数(名词)counterfactual proposition反事实命题couplet 对句对联creativity 创造性原创性Creole 克里澳尔语混和语cross-cultural communication跨文化交际cross-linguistic 跨语言的culturally-specific 文化特异的curriculum 教学大纲customizing 定制的Ddactyl 扬抑抑格Dani language 达尼语data retrieval, DR 资料检索database 数据库dative (case) 与格dative movement 与格移动declarative 陈述句decoding 解码deductive 演绎的deep structure 深层结构defeasibility 消除可行性definite 有定的degenerate data 无用的语料deixis 指称delicacy 精密阶denotation 外延指称dental 齿音dentalization 齿音化derivation 衍生derivational affix 衍生词汇derivational morphology 派生形态学descriptive adequacy 描写充分性descriptive linguistics 描写语言学design feature 结构特征determiner 限定词developing grammar 发展语法deviant 变体deviation 偏离变异devoicing 清音化diachronic linguistics 历时语言学diachronic 历时的diacritic 附加符号变音符diagnostic test 诊断性测试dialect 方言dialectology 方言学digitized sound 数字化语音dimetre 二音步诗行diphthong 二合元音双元音direct object 直接宾语direct speech, DS 直接言语direct thought, DT 直接思想directionality 方向性discourse 语篇话语discourse analysis 语篇分析话语分析discourse interpretation 语篇理解discrete 分离的离散的discrete—point grammar 离散语法discrete point test 分立性测试disjunction 分离关系displacement 移位dissimilation 异化(作用)distinctive feature 区别性特征distinguisher 辩义成分do-insertion rule do 添加规则domain 范围领域dorsal 舌背音舌中音dorsum 舌背(音)double comparative 双重比较drill—and—practicesoftware 操练软件D-structure D结构dual 双数dualistic view 二分观点duality 二重性Eearly Modern English 早期现代英语economy 经济性简洁性ejective 爆发音electronic mail 电子邮件Elizabethan English 伊利莎白时期英语ellipsis 省略(法)elliptical sentencestructure 省略句子结构embedded element 嵌入成分emic 位学的emotive 感情的empirical 经验主义的empirical data 经验主义的语料empirical validity 经验效度empiricism 经验主义empty category, EC 空范畴enabling skills 使成技能化encoding 编码end rhyme 末端韵endocentric construction 内向结构entailment 蕴涵entry condition 入列条件epenthesis 插音增音equipollent opposition 均等对立equivalence 相等equivalence reliability 相等信度error analysis 错误分析EST 科技英语ethnicity identity 民族认同ethnography of communication 交际民族学etic 非位的素的event process 事件过程example-based machine translation 基于例句的机器翻译exchange error 交换错误exchange sequence 交际序列exchange structure 交际结构exhaustive 穷尽的彻底的existent 存在物existential 存在句existential process 存在过程existential quantifier 存在数量词exocentric 外向的exocentric construction 外向结构experiential 经验的experiential function 经验功能experimentalpsycholinguistics 实验心理语言学explanatory adequacy 解释充分性explicit grammar instruction,EGI 明显的语法教学法expression minimization 表达最底程度expressive 表达的extended standard theory,EST 扩展标准理论extensive 引申的扩展的extent-condition format 程度条件格式external evaluation 外部评估external qualifier 外部修饰语extrinsic sources of error 外在的错误来源eye movement 眼部移动Fface validity 卷面效度facilitation 便利促进Fasoldfeasibility 可行性feature 特征feedback 反馈felicity condition 适宜性条件恰当条件feminine 阴性fiction 小说figurative language 比喻性语言象征性语言figures of speech 修辞手段修辞格finite element 有定成分finite 有定的有限的finite state grammar 有限状态语法first—person narrator 第一人称叙述者Firthian phonology 弗斯音系学flap 闪音flexibility 灵活性变通性floppy disk 软盘focus 焦点中心folk etymology 俗词源学民间词源foregrounded features 突出特征foregrounding 突出前景话foreign language teaching 外语教学form 形式formal difference 形式差异formalization 形式化formation 形成formative 构形成分构词成分free form 自由形式free indirect speech, FIS 自由间接言语free indirect thought, FIT 自由间接思想free morpheme 自由语素free root morpheme 自由词根语素free variant 自由变体free verse 自由韵文French 法语frequency effect 频率效应fricative (摩)擦音friction 摩擦front 舌面前舌前的fully automatic high qualitytranslation, FAHQT 全自动高质量翻译function word 功能词function 功能functional grammar 功能语法functional linguistics 功能语言学functional sentenceperspective, FSP 功能句子观functions of language 语言功能fusion 溶合fuzzy 模糊的Ggender difference 性别差异general linguistics 普通语言学generalisation 概括generative grammar 生成语法generative semantics 生成语言学genitive 属格所有格genre 体裁语类German 德语given (information) 已给信息global task 整体任务glottal 喉音glottal stop 喉塞音goal 目标government theory 支配理论government 支配grammatical analysis 语法分析grammaticalfunction ; ;grammatical structure 语法结构gradable antonymy 分等级的反义关系gradual opposition 渐次对立grammatical category 语法范畴grammatical concept 语法概念grammatical description 语法描写grammatical form 语法形式grammatical marker 语法标记grammatical meaning 语法意义grammaticalorganization 语法组成grammatical pattern 语法类型grammatical process 语法过程grammatical rule 语法规则grammatical sentence pattern,GSP 语法句形grammatical structure 语法结构grammatical subject 语法主语grammatical system 语法系统grammatical word 语法词graphitic form 文字形式Gricean maxim Grice准则group 词组guttural 腭音Hhalf-rhyme 半韵hard palate 硬腭head 中心词中心成分headed construction 中心结构heptameter 七音步诗行hierarchical structure 等级结构hierarchical system 等级系统hierarchy 等级体系high 高(元音)historical linguistics 历史语言学holophrastic stage 单词句阶段homonym 同音/形异议词Hopi Hopi语horizontal relation 链状关系Horn scale 霍恩阶human cognitive system 人类认知系统human language 人类语言human speech 人类言语human translation 人译hypercorrection 矫枉过正hyponym 下义词hyponymy 下义关系hypothesis 假设hypothesis—deduction 假设—演绎Iiamb 抑扬格iambic pentameter 抑扬格五音步诗行IC analysis 直接成分分析法ICALL (intelligent CALL) 智能计算机辅助语言学习ideational (function)概念功能identifying 认同的idiom 成语习语idiomatically-governed 习语支配的ill—formed sentences 不合适的句子illocutionary act 话中行为施为性行为illocutionary force 言外作用施为作用imaginative (function) 想象功能immediacy assumption 即时假定immediate constituent analysis 直接成分分析法imperative rule 祈使规则imperative 祈使语气命令的implicate 意含implication 蕴涵含义implication connective 蕴涵连接implicature 含义言外之意implied meaning 蕴涵意义implosive 内破裂音内爆音inanimate 无生命的inclusiveness relation 内包意义indefinite 不定的,无定的indicative 陈述式陈述语气indirect object 间接宾语indirct speech, IS 间接言语indirect thought, IT 间接思想Indo-European languages 印欧语言inference 推论推理inference drawing 推论inferential communication 推论交际infinitive不定式infix 中缀inflection 屈折(变化)inflectional affix 屈折词缀inflectional morphology 屈折形态学inflective endings 屈折结尾information retrieval 信息检索information structure 信息结构informative (function)信息功能innateness 先天性innateness hypothesis (语法)天赋假设input 输入input hypothesis 语言输入说instrumental (function) 工具功能integrative test 综合性测试intensifier 强调成分intensive 强调的增强的interactional (function)交互功能interdental 齿间音interface 界面interference 干扰interjection 感叹词interlanguage 中介语interlingua 国际语interlingual approach 语际法interlocutor 会话者internal evaluation 内部评估internal structure 内部结构international phoneticalphabet, IPA 国际音标internet 互联网interpersonal 人际的interpersonal function 人际功能interpretation 解释interrogative sentence 疑问句intonation 语调intra-linguistic relation 语言内关系intransitive 不及物的intrinsic sources of error 错误的内源invariable word 不变词invention 新创词语inversion 倒置,倒装IPA chart 国际音标图IPS symbol 国际音标符号irony 讽刺反话isolated opposition 孤立对立Italian 意大利语JJapanese 日语jargon 黑话行语Jesperson,OttoJohnson & JohnsonJohnsonJones,DanielKkernel sentence 核心句keyword关键词knowledge 知识known information 已知信息KrashenKruszewski, MikolajKuno, SusumoLlabel 标示标记labial 唇音labiodental 唇齿音language 语言language acquisition device,LAD 语言习得机制language attitude 语言态度language choice 语言选择language comprehension 语言理解language data 语言素材language learning 语言学习language maintenance 语言维护language processing 语言处理language structure 语言结构language system 语言系统language teaching 语言教学language universal 语言普遍性language use 语言使用langue 语言(系统)larynx 喉头lateral 边音旁流音Latin 拉丁语Latin grammar 拉丁语法lax vowel 松元音length 长度音长letter 字母level 层,级,平面Levinson, Stephenlexeme 词位词素lexical ambiguity 词汇歧义lexical change 词汇变化lexical level 词汇层lexical meaning 词汇意义lexical morphology 词汇形态学lexical studies 词汇研究lexical word 词汇词lexicogrammar 词汇语法lexicon 词汇词典lexis 词liaison 连音连续limerick 打油诗line 诗行linear phonology 线性音系学linear structure 线形结构linguistic university 语言普遍性linguistic behaviour 语言行为linguistic behaviourpotential 语言行为潜势linguistic competence 语言能力linguistic context 语言语境上下文linguistic data 语言素材linguistic description 语言描写linguistic determinism 语言决定论linguistic facts 语言事实linguistic relativity 语言相对性linguistic sexism 语言性别歧视linguistic structure 语言结构linguistic theory 语言理论linguistic unit 语言单位linguistic universal 语言普遍性linguistic variation 语言变异linguistics 语言学lip rounding 圆唇化literal language 本义语言literary stylistics 文学文体学loan translation 翻译借词loanblend 混合借词loanshift 转移借词loanword 借词local area networks, LAN 局域网locutionary act 发话行为,表述性言语行为logical component 逻辑成分logical connective 逻辑连词logical form component 逻辑式成分logical form representation逻辑式表达logical formula 逻辑公式logical function 逻辑功能logical semantics 逻辑语义学logical structure 逻辑结构logical subject 逻辑主语logophoricity 词照应London School 伦敦学派long vowed 长元音loss of sound 语音脱落loudness 响度Mmachine translation 机器翻译macrolinguistics 宏观语言学macroproposition 宏观命题macrostructure 宏观结构main clause 主句Malinowski,Bronislawman-machine symbiosis 人机共生manner maxim 方式准则manner of articulation 发音方式marked 标记的masculine 阳性matalinguistic 元语言学的material (process) 物质过程mathematical principles 数学原理maxim 准则maximal onset principle 最大节首辅音原则meaning potential 意义潜势meaning shift 转移meaning 意义mental (processs)思维过程心理过程mentalism 心灵主义message 信息metafunction 元功能metalinguistic 元语言的metaphor 隐喻metathesis 换位(作用)metonymy 换喻转喻metre 韵律metrical patterning 韵律格式microcomputer 微机microprocessor 微处理器mid 中(元音)mind 思维minimal attachment theory 最少接触理论minimal pair 最小对立体minimalist programminimum free form 最小自由形式mirror maxim 镜像准则mistake 错误modal subject 语气主语modal verb 情态动词modality 情态modern French 现代法语modification 修饰modifier 修饰语monomorphemic 单语素的monophonemic 单音位的monophthong 单元音monosyllabic 单音节的Motague grammar 蒙太古语法mood 语气morph 形素词素形式morpheme 语素词素形素morpheme—exchange error 词素交错误morphemic shape 词素形状morphemic structure 词素结构morphemic transcription 词素标音morphological change 形态变化morphological rule 形态规则morphology 形态学morpho—phonemic component 形态音位成分morphophonemics 形态音位学morphophonology 形态音系学morpho—syntactical change 形态句法变化mother tongue 母语本族语motivation 动因动机move (移动)MT 机器翻译MT quality 机译质量multilateral opposition 多边对立multi—level phonology 多层次音系学multilingualism 多语制多语现象N narratee 被叙述者narrator 叙述者narrator’s representationof speech acts, NRSA 言语行为的叙述者表达narrator’s representationof speech, NRS 言语的叙述者表达narrator’s representationof thought acts, NRTA 思维行为的叙述者表达narrator’s representationof thought, NRT 思维的叙述者表达narrow transcription 窄式音标narrowing 狭窄化nasal 鼻音nasal cavity 鼻腔nasal sound 鼻音nasal stop 鼻塞音nasal tract 鼻道nasality 鼻音性nasalization 鼻音化Nash, Walternative speaker 操本族语者natural language 自然语言naturalistic data 自然语料near—adult grammar 近成人语法negation 否定否定结构negative 否定的negative interference 负面干扰negative marker 否定标记negative transfer 负转移neogrammarian 新语法学家network 网络network computer 网络计算机neutralizable opposition 可中立对立new information 新信息new stylistics 新文体学node 节nominal group 名词词组nominalization 名词化nominative 主格non—authentic input 非真实语料的输入non-contrastive analysis 非对比性分析non-conventionality 非规约性non-detachability非可分离性non—linear phonology 非线性音系学non—linguistic entity 非语言实体non—pulmonic sound 非肺闭塞音non-reciprocal discourse 非交替性语篇non-reflexive pronoun 非反身代词nonsense word stage 无意义词语阶段nonverbal cues 非言语提示norm 规范notation system 标写系统notion 意念notional-functional syllabus意念功能教学大纲noun phrase 名词短语noun 名词number system 数字系统number 数字Oobject 宾语object—deletion 宾语省略objective case 宾格objectivity 客观性obligatory 强制性observational adequacy 观察充分性abstruction 阻塞OCR scanner 光学字符阅读器扫描仪octametre 八音步诗行Old English 古英语one-place predicate 一位谓语on—line translation 在线翻译onomatopoeia 拟声词onset 节首辅音open class 开放类open syllable 开音节operational system 操作系统operative 可操作性operator 操作词oppositeness relation 对立关系opposition 对立optimal relevance 最适宜关联option 选择optional 可选择的oral cavity 口腔oral stop 口阻塞音ordinal numeral 序数词origin of language 语言起源orthography 正字法ostensive communication 直示交际output 产出overgeneralization 过分法则化Ppalatal 腭音舌面中音palatal-alveolar 腭齿龈音palatalization (硬)腭化paradigm 聚合体paradigmatic relation 聚合关系paraphrase 释义意译parole 言语part of speech 词类participant 参与者particle 小品词语助词particular grammar 特定语的语法partitive 部分的部分格passive transformation 被动转换passive (voice)被动语态pattern drill technique 句型操练法pattern 模式patterning 制定模式pause 停顿peak (节)峰perceptual span 感知时距perfectionism 完善主义perfective 完成体performance test 语言运用测试performance 语言运用performative (verb) 行事性动词perlocutionary act 话后行为perseverative coarticulation重复性协同发音person 人称personal (function) 自指性功能pharyngeal 咽头音喉音pharynx 喉头phatic (communion) 寒暄交谈交感性谈话phone 音素音子phonematic unit 音声单位phoneme 音位phonetic alphabet 音标phonetic form component 语音形式部分phonetic similarity 语音相似性phonetic symbol 语音符号phonetic transcription 标音(法)phonetics 语音学phonological analysis 音位分析phonological component 音位部分phonological level 音系层phonological process 音位过程phonological representation 音位表达phonological rule 音位规则phonological structure 音位结构phonological system 音位系统phonological variant 音位变体phonology 音系学phrasal verb 短语动词phrase 短语phrase structure 短语结构phrase structure grammar 短语结构语法phrase structure rule, PSrule 短语结构规则pidgin 皮软语洋泾滨语不纯正外语Pitch 音高声调高低place of articulation 发音部位play 剧本plosion 爆破plosive 爆破音爆发音plural 复数pluralism 多元主义plurality 复数形式poetic (function) 诗学功能poetry 诗歌polymorphemic (word) 多语素词polysyllabic 多音节(词)polysystemic analysis 多系统分析Portugese 葡萄牙语positive transfer 正移转possessive 所有的属有的possible grammar 可能语言的语法postalveolar 后齿龈音post-Bloomfieldianlinguistics 后布龙菲尔德语言学postdeterminer 后限定词post—structuralist view 后结构主义观点pragmatic inference 语用推论pragmatic roles 语用角色pragmatics 语用学Prague School 布拉格学派predeterminer 前限定词predicate calculus 谓语演算predicate logic 谓语逻辑predicate 谓语predicator 谓语(动)词predictive validity 预测效度pre-editing 预先编辑译前加工prefix 前缀pre—modified input 预修正的输入premodifier 前修饰语preposition 介词prepositional calculus 介词演算prepositional logic 介词逻辑prepositional opposition 介词对立prepositional phrase 介词短语prescriptive 规定式presupposition 前提预设primary cardinal vowel 主要基本元音primary stress 主重音第一重音principle of informativeness信息性原则principle of least effort 最省力原则principle of quantity 数量原则privative opposition 表非对立表缺对立process 过程production error 产生性错误productivity 多产性proficiency test 水平测试pro—form 代词形式替代形式programming language 编程语言progressive 进行体progressive assimilation 顺同化projection rule 投射规则pronominal 代词pronoun 代词pronunciation 发音pronunciation dictionary 发音词典pronunciation 发音proportional opposition 部分对立proposition 命题prose style 散文风格prosodic analysis 节律分析超音质分析psycholinguistics 心理语言学psycholinguistic-sociolinguistic approach 心理-社会语言学方法psychological reality 心理现实psychological subject 心理主语psychology of language 语言心理学psychometric—structuralistapproach 心理测定-结构主义法pulmonic sound 肺闭塞音Putonghua 普通话QQ-based implicature 基于质量的含义Q-principle 质量原则quality 质量quality maxim 质量准则quantifier 数量词quantitative analysis 定量分析quantitative paradigm 数量变化表quantity maxim 数量准则quatrain 四行诗Rrange 范围rank 级rationalism 理性主义raw data 原始素材R—based implicature 基于关联的涵义reader 读者reading comprehension 阅读理解realisation 体现recall 回忆received pronunciation, RP标准发音receiver 受话者信息接受者recency effect 近期效应recognition 识别recursion 可溯recursive 可溯的还原的recursiveness 递归性reference 所指参照referential meaning 所指意义referential theory 所指理论referential 所指的reflected meaning 反映意义reflexive (form) 反身形式regional dialect 地域方言register 语域regressive assimilation 逆同化regulatory (function) 控制性语言功能relation maxim 关系准则relational opposite 关系对立relational process 关系过程relative clause 关系分句关系从句relative pronoun 关系代词relative uninterruptibility相对的非间断性relevance theory 关联理论reliability 信度repetition 重复representational system 表达系统representational 表达实体residue 剩余成分restricted language 限制性语言retrieval process 检索过程retrieval system 检索系统retroflex sound 卷舌音reverse rhyme 反陨revised extended standard theory, REST 修正扩展标准理论rewriting rules 重写规则rheme 述位rhetorical skill 修辞技能rhyme 韵韵角压韵rhythm 韵律节奏Roman alphabet letter 罗马字母root 词根root morpheme 词根语素round vowel 圆元音R-principle 关联原则rule system 规则系统rule—based approaches 基于规则的方法rules of language 语言规则Ssameness relation 相同关系Sanskrit 梵文Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis 萨丕尔-沃夫假设Saussure 索绪尔scale of delicacy 精密阶schema 图式scheme-oriented language 面向图式的语言second language acquisition第二语言习得secondary cardinal vowel 次要基本元音secondary stress 次重音segment 音段selection restriction 选择限制selectional rules 选择规则self-reflexive 自反身semantic association network语义关联网络semantic change 语义变化semantic component 语义部分semantic feature 特征semantic interpretation 语义解释semantic interpretativerules 语义解释规则semantic process 语义过程semantic representation 语义表达semantic sentence pattern,SSP 语义句型semantic triangle 语义三角semantics 语义学semi-consonant 半辅音semiotic system 符号系统semiotics 符号学semi—vowel 半元音sense relation 意义关系sense 意义sentence 句子sentence fragments 句子成分sentence meaning 句义sentence memory 句子记忆sentence stress 句重音sentence structure 句子结构sentential calculus 句子演算setting 场景sibilant 咝擦音sign 符号signified 所指受指signifier 能指施指simile 明喻simultaneity 同时性singular 单数situational context 情景语境situational level 情景层situational syllabus 情景教学大纲situational variation 情景变异slot 空缺social role 社会角色social semiotic 社会符号学socio-cultural role 社会文化角色sociolinguistic study of language 语言的社会语言学研究sociolinguistic study ofsociety 社会的社会语言学研究sociolinguistics 社会语言学sociological approach 社会学方法soft palate 软腭solidarity 团结sonnet 十四行诗sonorant 响音sonority scale 响音阶sound 语音sound image 语音图像sound pattern 语音模式sound segment 音段sound system 语音系统sound wave 音波speaker's meaning 说话者意义speech 言语speech act theory 言语行为理论speech community 言语社团speech comprehension 言语理解speech event 言语事件speech function 言语功能speech mode 言语方式speech organ 言语器官speech perception 言语感知speech presentation言语表达speech production ;言语产生speech research言语研究speech role言语角色speech sound 语音speech synthesis 言语合成spelling 拼写,拼法split infinitives 分裂的不定式spoken corpus 口语语料库spoken language translation口语翻译spondee 扬扬格spoonerism 首音互换斯本内现象spread 展元音S—structure 表层结构stability 稳定性stability reliability 稳定性效度Standard English 标准英语standard theory 标准理论standardization 标准化statistical analysis 统计分析status 地位stem 词干stimulus 刺激stimulus—response 刺激反应stop 闭塞音stored knowledge 储存知识strategic knowledge 学习策略知识stratification 层stream of consciousness 意识流stress pattern 重音模式stress 重音structural analysis 结构分析structural (structuralist) grammar 结构语法structural syllabus 结构教学大纲structural test 结构测试structuralism 结构主义structuralist linguistics 结构主义语言学structuralist view 结构主义观点style 文体风格stylistic analysis 文体分析stylistics 文体学subcategorize 次范畴subject 主语subject-deletion 主语省略subjective test 主观性测试subjectivity 主观性subjunctive mood 虚拟语气subordinate construction 从属结构subordination 从属substitutability 替代性substitution 替换suffix 后缀superlative degree 最高级superordinate 上坐标词suprasegmental feature超语段特征surface form 表层形式surface representation 表层表达surface structure 表层结构syllabic structure 音节结构syllabification 音节划节syllable 音节syllabus design 教学大纲设计syllabus 教学大纲syllogism 三段论法symbol 符号synchronic (linguistics)共时(语言学)synonym 同义词synonymous 同义的synonymy 同义现象syntactic component 句法部分syntactic features 句法特征syntactic function 句法功能syntactic marker 句法标记syntactic process 句法过程syntactic restriction 句法限制syntactic structure 句法结构syntactical change 变化syntagmatic relation 组合关系syntax 句法system network 系统网络system of signs 符号系统。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
硅二极管 silicon diode 锗二极管 germanium diode 阳极 anode 阴极 cathode 发光二极管 light-emitting diode (LED) 光电二极管 photodiode 稳压二极管 Zener diode 晶体管(三极管) transistor PNP型晶体管 PNP transistor NPN型晶体管 NPN transistor 发射极 emitter 集电极 collector 基极 base 电流放大系数 current amplification coefficient 场效应管 field-effect transistor (FET) P沟道 p-channel N沟道 n-channel 结型场效应管 junction FET(JFET) 金属氧化物半导体 metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) 耗尽型MOS场效应管 depletion mode MOSFET(D-MOSFET) 增强型MOS场效应管 enhancement mode MOSFET(E-MOSFET) 源极 source 栅极 grid 漏极 drain 跨导 transconductance 夹断电压 pinch-off voltage 热敏电阻 thermistor 开路 open 短路 shorted 基本放大器 放大器 amplifier 正向偏置 forward bias 反向偏置 backward bias 静态工作点 quiescent point (Q-point) 等效电路 equivalent circuit 电压放大倍数 voltage gain 总的电压放大倍数 overall voltage gain 饱和 saturation 截止 cut-off 放大区 amplifier region 饱和区 saturation region 截止区 cut-off region 失真 distortion 饱和失真 saturation distortion 截止失真 cut-off distortion 零点漂移 zero drift 正反馈 positive feedback
戴维宁定理 Thevenin’s theorem 诺顿定理 Norton’s theorem 开路(断路)open circuit 短路 short circuit 开路电压 open-circuit voltage 短路电流 short-circuit current
交流电路 直流电路 direct current circuit (dc) 交流电路 alternating current circuit (ac) 正弦交流电路 sinusoidal a-c circuit 平均值 average value 有效值 effective value 均方根值root-mean-squire value (rms) 瞬时值 instantaneous value 电抗 reactance 感抗 inductive reactance 容抗 capacitive reactance 法拉 Farad 亨利 Henry 阻抗 impedance 复数阻抗 complex impedance 相位 phase 初相位 initial phase 相位差 phase difference 相位领先 phase lead 相位落后 phase lag 倒相,反相 phase inversion 频率 frequency 角频率 angular frequency 赫兹 Hertz 相量 phasor 相量图 phasor diagram 有功功率 active power 无功功率 reactive power 视在功率 apparent power 功率因数 power factor 功率因数补偿 power-factor compensation 串联谐振 series resonance 并联谐振 parallel resonance 谐振频率 resonance frequency 频率特性 frequency characteristic 幅频特性amplitude-freqc 相频特性 phase-frequency response characteristic 截止频率 cutoff frequency 品质因数 quality factor 通频带 pass-band
电路的暂态过程分析 暂态 transient state 稳态 steady state 暂态过程,暂态响应 transient response 换路定理 low of switch 一阶电路 first-order circuit 三要素法 three-factor method 时间常数 time constant 积分电路 integrating circuit 微分电路 differentiating circuit
一些专业词汇的中英文对照
电路的基本概念及定律 电源 source 电压源 voltage source 电流源 current source 理想电压源 ideal voltage source 理想电流源 ideal current source 伏安特性 volt-ampere characteristic 电动势 electromotive force 电压 voltage 电流 current 电位 potential 电位差 potential difference 欧姆 Ohm 伏特 Volt 安培 Ampere 瓦特 Watt 焦耳 Joule 电路 circuit 电路元件 circuit element 电阻 resistance 电阻器 resistor 电感 inductance 电感器 inductor 电容 capacitance 电容器 capacitor 电路模型 circuit model 参考方向 reference direction 参考电位 reference potential 欧姆定律 Ohm’s law 基尔霍夫定律 Kirchhoff’s law 基尔霍夫电压定律 Kirchhoff’s voltage law(KVL) 基尔霍夫电流定律 Kirchhoff’s current law(KCL) 结点 node 支路 branch 回路 loop 网孔 mesh 支路电流法 branch current analysis 网孔电流法 mesh current analysis 结点电位法 node voltage analysis 电源变换 source transformations 叠加原理 superposition theorem 网络 network 无源二端网络 passive two-terminal network 有源二端网络 active two-terminal network
可编程控制器(PLC) 可编程控制器 programmable logic controller 语句表 statement list 梯形图 ladder diagram 半导体器件 本征半导体intrinsic semiconductor 掺杂半导体doped semiconductor P型半导体 P-type semiconductor N型半导体 N--type semiconductor 自由电子 free electron 空穴 hole 载流子 carriers PN结 PN junction 扩散 diffusion 漂移 drift 二极管 diode
三相电路 三相电路 three-phase circuit 三相电源 three-phase source 对称三相电源 symmetrical three-phase source 对称三相负载 symmetrical three-phase load 相电压 phase voltage 相电流 phase current 线电压 line voltage 线电流 line current 三相三线制 three-phase three-wire system 三相四线制 three-phase four-wire system 三相功率 three-phase power 星形连接 star connection(Y-connection) 三角形连接 triangular connection(D- connection ,delta connection) 中线 neutral line
继电器-接触器控制 按钮 button 熔断器 fuse 开关 switch 行程开关 travel switch 继电器 relay 接触器 contactor 常开(动合)触点 normally open contact 常闭(动断)触点 normally closed contact 时间继电器 time relay 热继电器 thermal overload relay 中间继电器 intermediate relay
带宽 bandwidth (BW) 滤波器 filter 一阶滤波器 first-order filter 二阶滤波器 second-order filter 低通滤波器 low-pass filter 高通滤波器 high-pass filter 带通滤波器 band-pass filter 带阻滤波器 band-stop filter 转移函数 transfer function 波特图 Bode diagram 傅立叶级数 Fourier series
磁路与变压器 磁场magnetic field 磁通 flux 磁路 magnetic circuit 磁感应强度 flux density 磁通势 magnetomotive force 磁阻 reluctance
电动机 直流电动机 dc motor 交流电动机 ac motor 异步电动机 asynchronous motor 同步电动机 synchronous motor 三相异步电动机 three-phase asynchronous motor 单相异步电动机 single-phase asynchronous motor 旋转磁场 rotating magnetic field 定子 stator 转子 rotor 转差率 slip 起动电流 starting current 起动转矩 starting torque 额定电压 rated voltage 额定电流 rated current 额定功率 rated power 机械特性 mechanical characteristic