2018朝阳二模试题及答案
2018朝阳二模理物理试题及答案官方完美版
2018年朝阳二模理综物理试卷5.4 13.对于红、蓝两种单色光,下列说法正确的是A.在水中红光的传播速度较大B.在水中蓝光的传播速度较大C.在真空中红光的传播速度较大D.在真空中蓝光的传播速度较大14.关于α、β、γ三种射线,下列说法正确的是:A.三种射线都带电 B.三种射线都是电磁波C.α射线的电离能力最强 D.β射线的穿透能力最强15. 一质点做简谐运动的图像如图所示,下列说法正确的是A.t=1s时质点的速度最大B.t=2s时质点所受回复力为0C.质点振动的振幅为8cmD.质点振动的频率为4Hz16.北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)是中国自行研制的全球卫星导航系统,其空间段由5颗静止轨道卫星和30颗非静止轨道卫星组成,30颗非静止轨道卫星中有27颗是中轨道卫星。
中轨道卫星高度约为2.15X104km。
静止轨道卫星的高度约为3.60X104km。
下列说法正确的是A.中轨道卫星的周期一定小于静止轨道卫星的周期B.中轨道卫星的加速度一定小于静止轨道卫星的加速度C.中轨道卫星的动能一定小于静止轨道卫星的动能D.中轨道卫星的轨道平面与地球赤道平面一定重合17.在匀强磁场中,一个100匝的闭合矩形金属线圈,绕与磁感线垂直的固定轴匀速转动,穿过该线圈的磁通量φ随时间t的变化关系如图所示。
已知线圈总电阻为2Ω,则A.t=1.0s时线圈平面平行于磁感线B.t=1.5s时线圈中感应电流为0C.t=2.0s时线圈中的感应电动势为0D.一个周期内线圈产生的热量为8J18.如图所示,水平传送带在电动机带动下始终保持以速度v匀速运动。
某时刻一质量为m的物块轻放在传送带的左端。
在物块放上传送带到物块与传送带相对静止的过程中,下列说法正确的是mv2A.皮带对物块所做的功为−12mv2B.物块对皮带所做的功为12C.物块与皮带间由于摩擦而产生的热量为mv2D.由于传送该物块电动机需要多做的功为mv219.为了确定一个标有“3.8V,0.3A ”的小灯泡的电阻,小明和小华两位同学分别采用了不同的方法;小明同学用多用电表的欧姆档测量,测量结果R 1=2Ω;小华同学由R =U I 计算可得其阻值R 2≈13,小明同学的操作过程无误,但存在明显差异。
北京市朝阳区2018年中考数学二模试题标准答案
北京市朝阳区九年级综合练习(二)数学试卷答案及评分参考 2018.6一、选择题(本题共16分,每小题2分)二、填空题 (本题共16分,每小题2分)9. 答案不唯一,如: 2 10. ③ 11. n n m -+3312. 2 13. 答案不唯一,理由须支撑推断的合理性. 14. (4,2) 15. ②③ 16. 与一条线段两个端点距离相等的点,在这条线段的垂直平分线上;三角形的高的定义 . 三、解答题(本题共68分,第17-24题,每小题5分,第25题6分,第26-27题,每小题7分,第28题8分) 17. 解:原式 2133332-+⨯-= ……………………………………………………………4分 13-=. ……………………………………………………………………………5分18. 解:去分母,得 3x +1-6> 4x -2, ………………………………………………………………1分移项,得 3x -4x >-2+ 5,………………………………………………………………2分 合并同类项,得 -x > 3,……………………………………………………………………3分 系数化为1,得 x <-3. …………………………………………………………………4分 不等式的解集在数轴上表示如下:…………………………………………………………………………………………5分19. (1)如图:………………………………………………………………………………………………2分(2)AE 与 CD 的数量关系为AE=CD .……………………………………………………………3分证明: ∵∠C =90°,AC =BC , ∴∠A =45°. ∵DE ⊥AB ,∴∠ADE =∠A =45°.∴AE=DE . ……………………………………………………………………………………4分 ∵BD 平分∠ABC ,∴CD=DE . ……………………………………………………………………………………5分 ∴AE=CD . 20. 解:(1)[])3(4)1(222---=∆m m 168+-=m .∵方程有两个不相等的实数根, ∴0>∆.即 0168>+-m .解得 2<m . ……………………………………………………………………………2分(2)∵2<m ,且m 为非负整数,∴0=m 或1=m . ………………………………………………………………………3分 ① 当0=m 时,原方程为0322=--x x , 解得 31=x ,12-=x ,不符合题意. ② 当1=m 时,原方程为022=-x , 解得 21=x ,22-=x ,符合题意.综上所述,1=m . ……………………………………………………………………5分 21. 解:(1)∵A (1,5)在直线61+=x k y 上,∴11-=k . ………………………………………………………………………………1分 ∵A (1,5)在)0(2>=x xk y 的图象上, ∴52=k . ………………………………………………………………………………2分 (2)0< n <1或者n > 5. ……………………………………………………………………5分22. (1)证明:∵四边形ABCD 是平行四边形,∴AB ∥CD ,AB =CD . ∵DE =CD , ∴AB =DE .∴四边形ABDE 是平行四边形. ………………………………………………2分(2)解:∵AD =DE =4,∴AD =AB =4.∴□ABCD 是菱形. ………………………………………………………………………3分 ∴AB =BC ,AC ⊥BD ,BO =BD 21,∠ABO =ABC ∠21.又∵∠ABC =60°, ∴∠ABO =30°. 在Rt △ABO 中,2sin =∠⋅=ABO AB AO ,32cos =∠⋅=ABO AB BO .∴BD =34.∵四边形ABDE 是平行四边形, ∴AE ∥BD ,34==BD AE . 又∵AC ⊥BD , ∴AC ⊥AE .在Rt △AOE 中,13222=+=AO AE OE . ……………………………………………5分23. (1)证明:连接OC .∵AB 为⊙O 直径,∴∠ACB =90°. ………………1分∵CD 为⊙O 切线∴∠OCD =90°. ………………2分 ∴∠ACO =∠DCB =90°-∠OCB ∵CA=CD , ∴∠CAD =∠D . ∴∠COB =∠CBO . ∴OC= BC .∴OB= BC . ………………………………………………………………………………3分(2)解:连接AE ,过点B 作BF ⊥CE 于点F .∵E 是AB 中点 ∴AE=BE=2. ∵AB 为⊙O 直径, ∴∠AEB =90°.∴∠ECB =∠BAE= 45°,22=AB . ∴221==AB CB .∴1==BF CF . ∴3=EF .∴31+=CE .…………………………………………………………………………5分24. 解:(1)①…………………………………2分② 3.4, 3 ………………………………………………………………………………………4分(2)70 …………………………………………………………………………………………5分25. 解:(1)60 …………………………………………………………………………………………1分答案不唯一,如:(2)………………………………………………………………………………………………………2分……………5分(3)(4)3.22 ……………………………………………………………………………………6分26.(1)x =1 ……………………………………………………………………………………1分(2)解:∵该二次函数的图象开口向上,对称轴为直线x =1,-1≤x ≤5,∴当x =5时,y 的值最大,即M (5,211). …………………………………3分把M (5,211)代入y =ax 2-2ax -2,解得a =21. ………………………………4分∴该二次函数的表达式为y =2212--x x .当x =1时,y =25-,∴N (1,25-). ………………………………………………………………5分(3)-1≤t ≤2. …………………………………………………………………………7分27. 解:(1)45 ……………………………………………………………………………………1分(2)解:如图,连接DB.∵90 AB AC BAC =∠=,°,M 是BC 的中点,∴∠BAD=∠CAD=45°.∴△BAD ≌△CAD . ………………………………2分 ∴∠DBA =∠DCA ,BD = CD . ∵CD =DF ,∴B D =DF . ………………………………………3分 ∴∠DBA =∠DFB =∠DCA . ∵∠DFB +∠DF A =180°, ∴∠DCA +∠DF A =180°. ∴∠BAC +∠CDF =180°. ∴∠CDF =90°. …………………………………………………………………………4分(3)CE =)1CD . ………………………………………………………………………5分证明:∵90 EAD ∠=°,∴∠EAF =∠DAF =45°. ∵AD =AE ,∴△EAF ≌△DAF . ……………………………………………………………………6分 ∴DF =EF .由②可知,CF . ………………………………………………………………7分∴CE =)1C D .28.(1)①P 2,P 3 ……………………………………………………………………………………2分 ② 解:由题意可知,直线m 的所有平行点组成平行于直线m ,且到直线m 的距离为1的直线.设该直线与x 轴交于点A ,与y 轴交于点B .如图1,当点B 在原点上方时,作OH ⊥AB 于点H ,可知OH=1. 由直线m 的表达式为y =x ,可知∠OAB=∠OBA =45°.所以OB=2.直线AB 与⊙O 的交点即为满足条件的点Q . 连接OQ 1,作Q 1N ⊥y 轴于点N ,可知OQ 1=10. 在Rt △OHQ 1中,可求HQ 1=3. 所以BQ 1=2.在Rt △BHQ 1中,可求NQ 1=NB=2. 所以ON=22.所以点Q 1的坐标为(2,22).同理可求点Q 2的坐标为(22-,2-).……………………………………4分如图2,当点B 在原点下方时,可求点Q 3的坐标为(22,2)点Q 4的坐标为 (2-,22-). …………………………………………………………………6分综上所述,点Q 的坐标为(2,22),(22-,2-),(22,2),(2-,22-).(2)334-≤n ≤334. ……………………………………………………………………8分。
2018北京朝阳高三二模文科数学试题(含答案
北京市朝阳区高三年级第二次综合练习数学学科测试 (文史类)2018.5(考试时间120分钟 满分150分)本试卷分为选择题(共40分)和非选择题(共110分)两部分第一部分(选择题 共40分)一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,选出符合题目要求的一项.1.已知集合{}2320A x x x =-+<,{}1B x x =≥,则=ABA .(],2-∞B .()1+∞,C .()12,D .[)1+∞, 2.计算()21i -=A.2iB. 2i -C. 2i -D. 2+i3.已知,x y 满足不等式组220101,x y x y y --≤⎧⎪+-≥⎨⎪≤⎩,,则3z y x =-的最小值是A.1B.3-C.1-D.72-4.在ABC △中,ππ1,,64a A B =∠=∠=,则c =A.5.“01a <<且01b <<”是“log 0a b >”A .充分而不必要条件B .必要而不充分条件C .充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件6. 如图,角α,β均以Ox 为始边,终边与单位圆O 分别交于点A ,B ,则OA OB ⋅=A. sin()αβ-B. sin()αβ+C. cos()αβ-D. cos()αβ+7.已知定义在R 上的奇函数()f x 在[0,)+∞上单调递减,且0a b +>,0b c +>,0a c +>,则()()()f a f b f c ++的值A . 恒为正B .恒为负C .恒为0D .无法确定8.某校中国象棋社团组织比赛.采用单循环赛制,即要求每个参赛选手必须且只须和其他选手比赛一场,胜者得2分,负者得0分,平局两人各得1分.若冠军获得者得分比其他人都多,且获胜场次却比其他人都少.则本次比赛的参赛人数至少为 A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D.8第二部分(非选择题 共110分)二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.把答案填在答题卡上. 9.执行如图所示的程序框图,则输出的S = .10.双曲线22143x y -=的焦点坐标是_________,渐近线方程是___________.11. 已知0,0x y >>,且满足4x y +=,则lg lg x y +的最大值为 .12. 已知某三棱锥的三视图如图所示,则该三棱锥的体积是_________.13.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,点P (不过原点)到x 轴,y 轴的距离之和的2倍等于点P 到原点距离的平方.则点P 的轨迹所围成的图形的面积是 .14. 如图,已知四面体ABCD 的棱AB //平面α,且AB =,其余的棱长均为1.四面体ABCD 以AB 所在的直线为轴旋转x 弧度,且四面体ABCD 始终在水平放置的平面α的上方.如果将四面体ABCD 在平面α内正投影面积看成关于x 的函数,记为()S x ,则函数()S x 的最小正周期为 ;()S x 的最小值为 .俯视图三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出文字说明,演算步骤或证明过程. 15. (本小题满分13分)已知函数()2sin (sin cos )f x x x x a =+-的图象经过点(,1)2π,a ∈R . (Ⅰ)求a 的值,并求函数()f x 的单调递增区间; (Ⅱ)当[0,]2x π∈时,求函数()f x 的最小值.16.(本小题满分13分)已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和2(,,*)n S pn qn p q n =+∈∈R N ,且143,24a S ==.(Ⅰ)求数列{}n a 的通项公式; (Ⅱ)设2n a n b =,求数列{}n b 的前n 项和n T .某市的一个义务植树点,统计了近10年栽种侧柏和银杏的数据(单位:株),制表如下:平均数;(Ⅱ)从统计的数据中,在栽种侧柏与银杏数量之差的绝对值不小于300株的年份中,任意抽取2年,恰有1年栽种侧柏的数量比银杏数量多的概率.18.(本小题满分14分)如图,在四棱锥P ABCD -中,△PBC 是等腰三角形,且3PB PC ==.四边形ABCD 是直角梯形,ABDC ,AD DC ⊥,5,4,3AB AD DC ===.(Ⅰ)求证:AB //平面PDC ;(Ⅱ)当平面PBC ⊥平面ABCD 时,求四棱锥P ABCD -的体积;(Ⅲ)请在图中所给的五个点,,,,P A B C D 中找出两个点,使得这两点所在直线与直线BC垂直,并给出证明...已知椭圆2222:1(0)x y W a b a b +=>>,其左顶点A 在圆22:4O x y +=上(O 为坐标原点). (I )求椭圆W 的方程;(II) 过点A 作直线AQ 交椭圆W 于另外一点Q ,交y 轴于点R .P 为椭圆W 上一点,且//OP AQ ,求证:2AQ AR OP⋅为定值.20. (本小题满分13分)已知函数()e xf x x =,()1g x ax =+,a ∈R .(Ⅰ)若曲线()y f x =在点(0,(0))f 处的切线与直线()y g x =垂直,求a 的值; (Ⅱ)若方程()()0f x g x -=在(2,2)-上恰有两个不同的实数根,求a 的取值范围; (Ⅲ)若对任意1[2,2]x ∈-,总存在唯一的2(,2)x ∈-∞,使得21()()f x g x =,求a 的取值范围.北京市朝阳区高三年级第二次综合练习数学学科测试答案(文史类) 2018.5二、填空题(本题满分30分)三、解答题(本题满分80分) 15. (本小题满分13分) 解:(Ⅰ)根据题意得2sin(sin cos )1222a πππ+-=,即2(10)1a +-=, 解得1a =. ()2s i n (s i n c o sf x x x x =+- 22sin 2sin cos 1x x x =+-sin 2cos 2x x =-)4x π=-.由222242k x k πππ-+π≤-≤+π(k ∈Z ),得322244k x k ππ-+π≤≤+π, 所以388k x k ππ-+π≤≤+π, 所以函数()f x 的单调递增区间是3[,88k k k ππ-+π+π](∈)Z .……………7分(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)可知())4f x x π=-. 当[0,]2x π∈时,2[,]444x ππ3π-∈-,所以sin(2)124x π-≤-≤.所以1()f x -≤≤ 所以当244x ππ-=-,即0x =时,()f x 取得最小值1-.……………13分 16. (本小题满分13分) 解:(Ⅰ)根据题意得3,16424.p q p q +=⎧⎨+=⎩即3,4 6.p q p q +=⎧⎨+=⎩. 解得1,2.p q =⎧⎨=⎩ 所以22n S n n =+. 当2n ≥时,221(2)[(1)2(1)]21nn n a S S n n n n n -=-=+--+-=+.因为13211a ==⨯+也适合上式,所以21(*)n a n n =+∈N . ……………7分(Ⅱ)因为23121242n n n n b b +++==,且131228a b ===, 所以数列{}n b 是以8为首项,4为公比的等比数列,所以8(14)8(41)143n nn T -==--.……………… 13分17. (本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)这10年中栽种银杏数量的中位数为3700株.设平均数为x ,则34003300360036003700420044003700+4200+4200=383010x +++++++=株.……… 4分(Ⅱ)根据表中数据,满足条件的年份有2009,2010,2011,2013,2014共5年.从这5年中抽取2年,有2009,2010;2009,2011;2009,2013;2009,2014;2010,2011;2010,2013;2010,2014;2011,2013;2011,2014;2013,2014共10种情况.设事件A 表示“任取2年,恰有1年栽种侧柏的数量比银杏的数量多”.则事件A 包括2009,2010;2009,2013;2009,2014;2010,2011;2011,2013;2011,2014共6种情况.所以63()==105P A . 答:任取2年,恰有1年栽种侧柏的数量比银杏的数量多的概率为35………………13分 18. (本小题满分14分) 证明:(Ⅰ)因为ABDC ,又因为AB PDC ⊄平面,DC PDC ⊂平面, 所以//AB 平面PDC . ……3分(Ⅱ)取BC 中点F ,连接PF .又因为PB PC =,所以PF BC ⊥,又因为平面PBC ⊥平面ABCD , 平面PBC平面ABCD =BC ,所以PF ⊥平面ABCD .在直角梯形ABCD 中,因为ABDC ,且AD DC ⊥,4,3AD DC ==,5AB =,所以BC =1=(35)4162ABCD S +⨯=梯形.又因为3PB =,BF ,所以2PF =.所以1132162333P ABCD ABCD V S PF -=⋅=⋅⋅=梯形.……………… 9分 (Ⅲ),A P 点为所求的点. 证明如下:连接,AF AC . 在直角梯形ABCD 中,因为AB DC ,且AD DC ⊥,4,3AD DC ==,所以5AC =.因为5AB =,点F 为BC 中点,所以AF BC ⊥. 又因为BC PF ⊥,AFPF F =,所以BC PAF ⊥平面.又因为PA PAF ⊂平面,所以PA BC ⊥.…………14分 19. (本小题满分14分)解:(I )因为椭圆W 的左顶点A 在圆22:4O x y +=上, 令0y =,得2x =±,所以2a =.,所以c e a ==,所以c =所以2221b a c =-=, 所以W 的方程为2214x y +=.…………5分 (II)证明:设00(,)P x y ,易知00x ≠,有222200001,444x y x y 即+=+=, 设(,)Q Q Q x y ,直线AQ 方程为00(2)y y x x =+,联立22001,4(2).x y y y x x ⎧+=⎪⎪⎨⎪=+⎪⎩即 22222200000(4)161640x y x y x y x +++-=,即2222000440x y x y x ++-=, 所以2024Q x y -+=-,即2024Q x y =-,所以,2200224244Q x y y +=-+=-. 故有:2022002(44)22=2Q x AQ AR AQ AR y OPOPx x x OP+⋅-⨯⋅=⋅==. …………14分. 20. (本小题满分13分)解:(Ⅰ)由题意可知()(1)x f x x e '=+,(0)1f '=,因为曲线()y f x =在点(0,(0))f 处的切线与直线()y g x =垂直,所以1a =-.……………… 3分(Ⅱ)令()()()h x f x g x =-,(2,2)x ∈-.则()(1)e ,()(2)e 0x x h x x a h x x '''=+-=+>所以,()h x '在区间(2,2)-上单调递增.依题意,(2)0(2)0h h '-<⎧⎨'>⎩ ,解得221(,3e )e a ∈-.所以0(2,2)x ∃∈-,使得0()0h x '=,即00(1)e 0x x a +-=, 于是()h x 的最小值为0000()e 1x h x x ax =--.依题意,0(2)0(2)0()0h h h x ->⎧⎪>⎨⎪<⎩,,,因为000020000000()e 1e (1)e 1e 10x x x x h x x ax x x x x =--=-+-=--<,所以,解得22111(,e )e 22a ∈+-.……………… 8分 (Ⅲ) ()(1)e x f x x '=+⋅,令()0f x '=,得1x =-.当(,1)x ∈-∞-时,()0f x '<,函数()f x 为减函数; 当(12)x ∈-,时,()0f x '>,函数()f x 为增函数. 所以函数()f x 的最小值1(1)ef -=-. 又2(2)2e f =.显然当0x <时,()0f x <.令2()e ,1x t x x x =<-.则2()(2)e .x t x x x '=+令()0t x '=,得2x =-或0.所以()t x 在()2-∞-,内为增函数,在()21--,内为减函数. 所以max 24()(2)1et x t =-=<.所以2e 1x x <. 又1x <-,所以1e x x x>. 而当1x <-时,()11,0x ∈-, 所以当(],1x ∈-∞-时,1(),0e f x ⎡⎫∈-⎪⎢⎣⎭; 当(1,0)x ∈-时,1(),0e f x ⎛⎫∈- ⎪⎝⎭.(1) 当0a =时,()1g x =,符合题意; (2) 当0a >时,易得()[21,21]g x a a ∈-++.依题意2210212e a a -+≥⎧⎨+<⎩,,所以21,21e ,2a a ⎧≤⎪⎪⎨⎪<-⎪⎩所以此时102a <≤.(3) 当0a <,则()[2121]g x a a ∈+-+,,依题意2210212e a a +≥⎧⎨-+<⎩,, 所以21,21e ,2a a ⎧≥-⎪⎪⎨⎪>-+⎪⎩所以102a -≤<. 综上11[,]22a ∈-. ……………13分。
朝阳高三二模英语试题及答案
北京市朝阳区高三年级第二次综合练习英语学科测试2018.5考试时间100分钟满分120分本试卷共10页..考生务必将答案答在答题卡上;在试卷上作答无效..第一部分:知识运用共两节;45分第一节单项填空共15小题;每小题1分; 共15分从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中;选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项;并在答题卡上将该项涂黑..例:It’s so nice to hear from her again. ______; we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D..1. Come here; Mary. If you stand at this angle; you ______ just see the sunset.A. mustB. needC. canD. should2. The book is now out of print; ______ it can easily be borrowed from libraries.A. andB. forC. soD. but3. ______ an opposing idea effectively; you can use the following words and phrases.A. To expressB. ExpressingC. ExpressedD. Being expressed4. Sometimes tests are needed ______ doctors discover exactly what’s wrong with your body.A. sinceB. beforeC. althoughD. if5. It gives us great delight ______ Chinese science fictions are becoming increasingly popular.A. howB. whatC. thatD. why6. The boy is having a fever. You’d better damp a towel and lay it ______ his forehead.A. acrossB. withinC. throughD. beyond7. Just an hour ago he told me on the phone that he ______ home right after his work.A. has comeB. comesC. cameD. would come8. We really appreciate our learning environment; ______ we can have direct communication.A. whomB. whichC. whereD. when9. ______ the difference between the two findings is one of the worst mistakes you’ve made.A. IgnoredB. IgnoringC. To ignoreD. Having ignored10. ––You seem to be familiar with this city.—I ______ here for three years. It’s so great to be back.A. livedB. had livedC. have livedD. live11. I wish I ______ photography then. If so; I could give you a hand at present.A. studiedB. had studiedC. have studiedD. will study12. The girl’s eyes brightened when she saw the birthday present she ______.A. would promiseB. had promisedC. would be promisedD. had been promised13. If you leave this application form and go to another website; you will lose ______ you havealready filled out on this form.A. whateverB. whoeverC. whereverD. whenever14. In the library you can use your own computer to connect to Wi-Fi specially _____ for readers.A. preparingB. to prepareC. preparedD. prepare15. ––The small restaurant is always crowded in every part.––That’s ______ it has a unique dining environment and quite a few wonderful dishes.A. whyB. becauseC. whereD. when第二节完形填空共20小题;每小题1.5分;共30分阅读下面短文;掌握其大意;从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中;选出最佳选项;并在答题卡上将该项涂黑..All Quiet in a Darkened LibraryAfter my mother died; my father; who was 75 at the time; began to regularly visit the locallibrary in Epping. He loved going there __16__ he enjoyed reading different kinds of books; especially reading the newspapers on Saturdays. The library had a small area; where the soft carpet; folding chairs and lap desks __17__ a comfortable space for independent reading. My dad would sit there for hours. This particular wintery Saturday; at about 12 noon; after being there for two hours; my dad __18__ that it was very quiet and darker than usual. He looked around; realizing that all the staff had left and he had been __19__ locked in.My dad was a “panic merchant” at the best of times; so I can only __20__ what he was like when this happened. The doors had been locked from the outside and he had no way __21__. He must have felt completely at a __22__; since he didn’t know some __23__ for handling this kind of crazy situation. My dad looked at the noticeboards to try to find a __24__ phone number—a staff member or someone he could ring to help let him out—but without __25__. So he rang the police station and they kindly got in touch with the head librarian.The head librarian immediately rang my dad back at the library; and __26__ that she would be soon there. She tried to __27__ him and even explained how he could make a coffee if he wished. This was very nice; but my dad was in too much of a “__28__” to do so.Thankfully; the head librarian arrived __29__ the hour and let my dad out. She apologized for the __30__ it had caused my father and sent my father back home in person. We were very grateful; since she could easily have been __31__ at having to come back to work. The next day my dad seemed to __32__ from this accident. He almost forgot all about the unpleasantness; and even found his experience quite __33__.I guess the entire staff now makes extra sure that the library is __34__ before they leave. What’s more; my dad has learned an important lesson by himself—never again became quite so __35__ in his reading.16. A. as B. if C. till D. though17. A. measured B. occupied C. replaced D. created18. A. expected B. noticed C. admitted D. doubted19. A. accidentally B. constantly C. properly D. illegally20. A. acquire B. witness C. imagine D. explore21. A. along B. back C. down D. out22. A. failure B. loss C. risk D. distance23. A. tips B. marks C. notes D. senses24. A. convenient B. flexible C. relevant D. temporary25. A. trouble B. effort C. permission D. success26. A. promised B. informed C. assumed D. reminded27. A. forgive B. comfort C. instruct D. persuade28. A. result B. choice C. state D. trend29. A. over B. near C. beyond D. within30. A. conflict B. anxiety C. regret D. blame31. A. ashamed B. confused C. annoyed D. pleased32. A. recover B. reflect C. struggle D. suffer33. A. satisfying B. amusing C. scaring D. astonishing34. A. tidy B. open C. quiet D. empty35. A. distributed B. blocked C. absorbed D. exposed第二部分:阅读理解共两节;40分第一节共15小题;每小题2分;共30分阅读下列短文;从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中;选出最佳选项;并在答题卡上将该项涂黑..A36. According to the passage; Koko is probably ______.A. a killer of gorillasB. a member of the gorilla familyC. an expert on gorillasD. a governor in charge of gorillas37. What is mainly talked about in the second paragraphA. The problems gorillas face at present.B. The danger gorillas cause for humans.C. The unique characteristic gorillas have.D. The natural environment gorillas live in.38. The author suggests that ______.A. gorillas should be protected in nature reservesB. killers for gorillas should be legally responsibleC. organizations should be set up to protect gorillasD. people should make donations to gorilla protectionBThe HandshakeI don’t remember the exact date I met Marty for the first time. Like a lot of people who want to get through a checkout line; I found my thoughts on speed; nothing more. The line I was standing in wasn’t moving as quickly as I wanted; and I glanced toward th e cashier; who was receiving money from customers.He was an old man in his sixties. I thought; well; it probably took him a little longer to get the jobs done. For the next few minutes I watched him. He greeted every customer before he began scanning the goods they were purchasing. Sure; his words were the usual; “How’s it going” But he did something different—he actually listened to people. Then he would respond to what they had said and talk with them briefly.I thought it was strange; but I guessed I had grown accustomed to people asking me how I was doing simply out of a conversation without thinking. Usually; a fter a while; you don’t give any thought to the question and just say something back quietly.This old cashier seemed sincere about wanting to know how people were feeling. Meanwhile; the high-tech cash register rang up their purchases and he announced what they owed. When customers handed money to him; he pushed the appropriate keys; the cash drawer popped open; and he counted out their change.Then magic happened.He placed the change in his left hand; walked around the counter to the customers; and extended his right hand in an act of friendship. As their hands met; the old cashier looked the customers in the eyes. “I want to thank you for shopping here today;”he told them. “You have a great day. Bye-bye.” The looks on the faces of the customers were priceless.Now it was my turn. I glanced down at the name tag on his red waistcoat; the kind experienced Wal-Mart cashier wore. It read; “Marty.”Marty told me how much I owed and I handed him some money. The next thing I knew he was standing beside me; offering his right hand and holding my change in his left hand. His kind eyes locked onto mine. Smiling; and with a firm handshake…39. While the author stood in the checkout line; she felt ______.A. comfortableB. enthusiasticC. impatientD. embarrassed40. In the opinion of the author; people tended to ______.A. remain calm while having a talkB. talk about unimportant topicsC. develop a mindless conversationD. face communication problems41. The author thought Marty special because ______.A. he spent as much time as possible serving customersB. he was patient with all the questions from customersC. he showed particular interest in customers’ personal lifeD. he expressed his sincerity while giving back the change42. What can we infer from the passageA. Marty was a talkative man.B. Marty cared a lot about what he did.C. The author failed to get along well with others.D. The author was dissatisfied with such a waste of time.CNo student of a foreign language needs to be told that grammar is complex. By changing the order of the words and by adding a range of auxiliary verbs 助动词and suffixes 后缀; we can turn a statement into a question; state whether an action has taken place or is soon to take place; and perform many other word tricks to convey different meanings. However; the question which many language experts can’t understand and explain is—who created grammarSome recent languages evolved due to the Atlantic slave trade. Since the slaves didn’t know each other’s languages; they developed a make-shift language called a pidgin. Pidgins are strings of words copied from the language of the landowners. They have little in the way of grammar; and speakers need to use too many words to make their meaning understood. Interestingly; however; all it takes for a pidgin to become a complex language is for a group of children to be exposed to it at the time when they learn their m other tongue. Slave children didn’t simply copy the strings of words used by their elders. They adapted their words to create an expressive language. In this way complex grammar systems which come from pidgins were invented.Further evidence can be seen in studying sign languages for the deaf. Sign languages are not simply a group of gestures; they use the same grammatical machinery that is found in spoken languages. The creation of one such language was documented quite recently in Nicaragua. Previously; although deaf children were taught speech and lip reading in the classrooms; in the playgrounds they began to invent their own sign system; using the gestures they used at home. It was basically a pidgin and there was no consistent grammar. However; a new system was bornwhen children who joined the school later developed a quite different sign language. It was based on the signs of the older children; but it was shorter and easier to understand; and it had a large range of special use of grammar to clarify the meaning. What’s more; they all used the signs in the same way. So the original pidgin was greatly improved.Most experts believe that many of the languages were pidgins at first. They were initially used in different groups of people without standardization and gradually evolved into a widely accepted system. The English past tense—“ed” ending—may have evolved from the verb “do”. “It ended” may once have been “It end-did”. It seems that children have grammatical machinery in their brains. Their minds can serve to create logical and complex structures; even when there is no grammar present for them to copy.43. What can be inferred about the slaves’ pidgin languageA. It was difficult to understand.B. It came from different languages.C. It was created by the landowners.D. It contained highly complex grammar.44. What is the characteristic of the new Nicaraguan sign languageA. No consistent signs were used for communication.B. Most of the gestures were made for everyday activities.C. The hand movements were smoother and more attractive.D. The meaning was clearer than the previous sign language.45. Which idea does the author present in the last paragraphA. English grammar of past tense system is inaccurate.B. Children say English past tense differently from adults.C. The thought that English was once a pidgin is acceptable.D. Experts have proven that English was created by children.46. What is the best title for the passageA. The Creators of GrammarB. The History of LanguagesC. Why Pidgins Came into BeingD. How Grammar Systems Are UsedDA Competitive SportOver the years; cheerleading has taken two primary forms:game-time cheerleading and competitive cheerleading. Game-timecheerleaders’ main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead themwith team cheers; which should not be considered a sport. However;competitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment. It isreally a competitive sport.Cheerleading Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity. The majority of the teams require a certain level of tumbling 翻腾运动ability. It’s a very common thing for gymnasts; so it’s easy for them to go into competitive cheerleading. Usually these cheerleaders integrate lots of their gymnastics experience including their jumps; tumbling; and overall energy. They also perform lifts and throws. This is where the “fliers” are thrown in the air; held by “bases” in different positions that require strength and working with other teammates.Competitive cheerleading is also an activity that is governed by rules under which a winner can be declared. It is awarded points for technique; creativity and sharpness. Usually the more difficult the action is; the better the score is. That’s why cheerleaders are trying to experience great difficulty in their performance.Besides; there is also a strict rule of time. The whole performance has to be completed in less than three minutes and fifteen seconds; during which the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain area. Any performance beyond the limit of time is invalid.Another reason for the fact that competitive cheerleading is one of the hardest sports is that it has more reported injuries. According to some research; competitive cheerleading is the number one cause of serious sports injuries to women. Emergency room visits for it are five times the number than for any other sport; partially because cheerleaders don’t use protective equipment. Smiling cheerleaders are thrown into the air and move down into the arms of the teammates; which may easily cause injuries. Generally; these injuries affect all areas of the body; including wrists; shoulders; ankles; head; and neck.There can be no doubt that competitive cheerleading is a sport with professional skills. Hopefully; it will appear in the Olympics since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports. It should be noted that it is a team sport and even the smallest mistake made by one teammate can bring the score of the entire team down. So without working together to achieve the goal; first place is out of reach.47. What is the main purpose of competitive cheerleadingA. To compare skills of participants.B. To make the audience feel amused.C. To attract more people to watch events.D. To cheer up the competitors on the court.48. The underlined word “integrate” in Paragraph 2 probably means “______”.A. examineB. combineC. identifyD. replace49. We can learn from the passage that competitive cheerleading ______.A. lacks necessary guidelines to followB. enjoys greater popularity than other sportsC. requires more designed actions than gymnasticsD. has a relatively high rate of damage to the body50. Which of the following shows the structure of the passageA. B. C. D.I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point 次要点C: Conclusion第二节共5小题;每小题2分;共10分根据短文内容;从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项..选项中有两项为多余选项..Rich and FamousTwenty years ago the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher; followed by working in banking and finance; and then medicine. But today’s situation is quite different. ___51___ Instead they most commonly say they want to be a sports star; a pop star; or an actor—in other words; they hope to become a celebrity 名人.According to experts; young people desire these jobs largely because of the wealth and the fame. ___52___ Let’s take athletes and singers as an example. Their careers are short-lived. Many athletes’ best time only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career. The field that was once the focus of their lives becomes something they have little or no involvement in. As aresult; they’ll have a feeling of worthlessness and a lack of control. ___53___ The truth is quite simple: they have been so far removed from it for so long.In spite of these disadvantages; there is greater ambition than ever among young people to achieve that status. They are not satisfied just making a living—they want to be rich and famous. Globally; more and more TV shows provide talent competitions where winners can achieve their goals in just a few weeks or months. ___54___ They unrealistically believe that this lifestyle is easily obtained and leads to great satisfaction.While many people argue that there is nothing wrong with having such ambitions; others feel that this trend will finally lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals. ___55___ That means they ignore the simple fact that great effort is needed before success. As a result; many people won’t realize their childhood dreams; which could have a negative effect on their happiness.A. The younger generation don’t favor these professions any more.B. In many ways this has been brought about by the celebrity culture.C. Unfortunately; they do not always have a positive effect on people’s life.D. Besides; it can be difficult for them to adapt back to a normal everyday life.E. People no longer have a sense of satisfaction once their goals have been achieved.F. This quick way of gaining wealth and fame creates a celebrity culture among people.G.The reason is that they don’t realize it takes talent and hard work to be rich and famous.第三部分:书面表达共两节;35分第一节15分假设你是红星中学高三学生李华..你班交换生Jim要参加面向外国友人的“点赞中国”活动;向你寻求帮助;希望通过亲身体验;更好地认识中国..请你给他写封邮件;内容包括:1. 推荐他做一件事;2. 说明推荐的理由;3. 表达愿望..注意:1. 词数不少于50;2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出;不计入总词数..Dear Jim;_______________________________________________________________________________ Yours;Li Hua请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内第二节20分假设你是红星中学高三学生李华..请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序;介绍你们班上周开展“为母校留念”活动的完整过程;并以“A Special Present”为题;给校刊“英语角”写篇英文稿件..词数不少于60..A Special Present_______________________________________________________________________________请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内第一部分:知识运用共两节;45分第一节单项填空共15小题;每小题1分;共15分1—5 CDABC 6—10 ADCBA 11—15 BDACB第二节完形填空共20小题;每小题1.5分;共30分16—20 ADBAC 21—25 DBACD 26—30 ABCDB 31—35 CABDC第二部分:阅读理解共两节;40分第一节共15小题;每小题2分;共30分36—40 BABCC 41—45 DBADC 46—50 AABDC第二节共5小题;每小题2分;共10分51—55 ACDFG第三部分:书面表达共两节;35分第一节15分Dear Jim;I’m glad to learn that you are going to participate in the activity “Thumbs-up for China”. Let me give you some advice.I suggest you take the “Fuxing” bullet train; which travels at a speed of about 350 kilometers per hour. I’m sure you’ll get a clear idea of what high technology brings to China. Besides; you can enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. This experience will help you develop a deeper understanding of China and I do hope you can share your impression with the people around you.Hope my advice can be of some help. If there is anything else I could do; please let me know.Yours;Li Hua第二节20分三、内容要点: 1. 讨论 2. 买树苗 3. 种树 4. 留念A Special PresentLast week; my classmates and I did something significant to express our gratitude to our school.Earlier the week we had a discussion on what to give to our school for our graduation. Numerous choices were offered; including a beautiful gift and a memorial tree. Finally we agreed to plant a tree on campus. Having made the decision; we searched online and ordered a seedling after careful selection. On a sunny day our seedling arrived and we got down to planting it immediately. Everyone participated actively. Some placed the seedling in the hole; some covered the root with soil and others stood a board next to it reading “Class 1 Senior 3; 2018”. Sweaty as we were; everyone was excited. We posed for photographs to mark this precious occasion.We were all delighted to give our school a special present. We expect that this seedling will grow into an enormous leafy tree some day。
朝阳二模文综政治试题及答案
北京市朝阳区2018届高三年级第二次综合练习文科综合能力测试第I卷(选择题,共140分)一、本卷共35小题,每小题4分,共计140分。
在每小题列的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
24.海峡两岸文化教育界合作编辑“中华语文工具书”、共同建设“中华语文知识库”网等活动,得到两岸社会各界的高度关注和广泛支持,是因为A.共同的文化血脉形成强烈的文化认同B.不同文化需要相互交流、借鉴和融合C.汉语是中华文化博大精深的重要见证D.中华文化具有悠久历史和厚重的底蕴25.近年来,不少优秀的中国电影作品在进入国际市场后,常常遇到对国外观众吸引力大大下降的“文化折扣”问题,其原因之一是没有用国际普遍接受的方式讲好“中国故事”。
从文化角度看,这要求我们A.在文化交流中,尊重世界文化多样性B.正确处理文化继承与文化发展的关系C.在文化建设中,挹握先进文化的方向D.正确处理民族文化与世界文化的关系26.今年4月,《校车安全管理条例》由国务院制定后公布。
校车安全的实现,不仅需要有法可依,更需要严格执法和监督。
对政府执行该《条例》具有外部监督职能的国家机关是①人民代表大会及其常委会②各级人民法院和检察院③各级监察部门和人民政协④审计部门和中国共产党A.①②B.①④C.②④D.③④27.《西藏和平解放60年》白皮书指出:60年来中央对西藏的直接投资超过1600亿元,关系西藏长远发展和人民生活改善的重大工程工程陆续得以实施。
这一事实说明A.中央政府坚持贯彻各民族共同繁荣原则B.国家富强是实现各民族共同繁荣的前提C.民族地区的发展是民族团结的政治基础D.平等团结互助和谐的民族关系已经形成28.随着信息技术的广泛应用和不断发展,互联网日渐成为公众了解社会、获取信息和进行交流沟通的重要渠道。
但部分网民却利用互联网编造、传播谣言,产生了恶劣的社会影响。
如果请你写一份抵制网络谣言的倡议书,你认为恰当的论点是①公民权利有真实性,国家应当保障公民言论自由②公民既是权利的主体,又是义务的主体③自由是法律的前提,法律是自由的保障④权利和义务是对等的,都是实现人民利益的手段A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④29.在我国云南,纳西族地区沿用了十多个世纪的东巴文字是一种原始象形文字。
2018北京朝阳高三二模物理试题及答案(精品范文).doc
【最新整理,下载后即可编辑】2018北京市朝阳区高三第二次综合练习理综2018.5本试卷共16页,共300分。
考试时长150分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
可能用到的相对原子质量:第一部分(选择题共120分)本部分共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
13.对于红、蓝两种单色光,下列说法正确的是A.在水中红光的传播速度较大B.在水中蓝光的传播速度较大C.在真空中红光的传播速度较大D.在真空中蓝光的传播速度较大14.关于α、β、γ三种射线,下列说法正确的是A.三种射线都带电B.三种射线都是电磁波C.α射线的电离能力最强D.β射线的穿透能力最强15.一质点做简谐运动的图像如图所示,下列说法正确的是A.t=1s时质点的速度最大B.t=2s时质点所受的回复力为0C.质点振动的振幅为8cmD.质点振动的频率为4Hz16.北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)是中国自行研制的全球卫星导航系统,其空间段由5颗静止轨道卫星和30颗非静止轨道卫星组成,30颗非静止轨道卫星中有27颗是中轨道卫星。
中轨道卫星高度约为4.km,静止轨⨯21510道卫星的高度约为4.60km。
下列说法正确的是⨯310A.中轨道卫星的周期一定小于静止轨道卫星的周期B .中轨道卫星的加速度一定小于静止轨道卫星的加速度C .中轨道卫星的动能一定小于静止轨道卫星的动能D .中轨道卫星的轨道平面与地球赤道平面一定重合17.在匀强磁场中,一个100匝的闭合矩形金属线圈,绕与磁感线垂直的固定轴匀速转动,穿过该线圈的磁通量Φ随时间t 的变化关系如图所示。
已知线圈总电阻为2 Ω,则A .t =1.0s 时线圈平面平行于磁感线B .t =1.5 s 时线圈中感应电流为0C .t =2.0 s 时线圈中的感应电动势为0D .一个周期内线圈产生的热量为8 J18.如图所示,水平传送带在电动机带动下始终保持以速度v 匀速运动,某时刻一质量为m 的物块轻放在传送带的左端。
2018年北京朝阳初三二模英语试题及答案word版
北京市朝阳区九年级综合练习(二)英语试卷2018. 5 学校班级姓名考号考生须知1. 本试卷共8页,满分60分,考试时间90分钟。
2. 在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名和考号。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上,选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
知识运用(共14分)一、单项填空(共6分,每小题0.5分)从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —______ pen is lost. Can I use yours for a while?— Certainly. Here you are.A. MyB. YourC. HisD. Her2. We usually have our school sports meeting ______ May. What about yours?A. onB. inC. toD. at3. — ______shoes are these?— I think they’re Peter’s.A. WhoB. WhoseC. WhatD. Which4. Beijing is one of ______ cities in the world.A. bigB. biggerC. biggestD. the biggest5. My parents often______ me some gifts on my birthday.A. buyB. boughtC. will buyD. have bought6. —What are the children doing in the park?—They ______ kites.A. flyB. flewC. are flyingD. will fly7. Sam ______ more progress if he works harder.A. makesB. madeC. is makingD. will make8. I ______ Mr. Li many times already. I’m sure he isn’t at home.A. callB.am callingC. have calledD. will call9. I didn’t hear the doorbell because I ______ to music at that time.A. listenB. will listenC. am listeningD. was listening10. I was very tired last night, ______ I went to bed earlier.A. forB. soC. butD. or11. Today Chinese is very popular. It _________ in many countries.A. teachesB. taughtC. is taughtD. was taught12. — Excuse me, can you tell me ______?— 84487776.A. what your phone number isB. what your phone number wasC. what is your phone numberD. what was your phone number二、完形填空(共8分,每小题1分)通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
2018朝阳高三二模英语试题与答案
2018朝阳高三二模英语试题与答案市区高三年级第二次综合练习英语学科测试2018.5(考试时间100分钟满分120分)本试卷共10页。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分, 共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:It’s so nice to hear from her again. ______, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
1. Come here, Mary. If you stand at this angle, you ______ just see the sunset.A. mustB. needC. canD. should2. The book is now out of print, ______ it can easily be borrowed from libraries.A. andB. forC. soD. but3. ______ an opposing idea effectively, you can use the following words and phrases.A. To expressB. ExpressingC. ExpressedD. Being expressed4. Sometimes tests are needed ______ doctors discover exactly what’s wrong with your body.A. sinceB. beforeC. althoughD. if5. It gives us great delight ______ Chinese science fictions are becoming increasingly popular.A. howB. whatC. thatD. why6. The boy is having a fever. You’d better damp a towel and lay it ______ his forehead.A. acrossB. withinC. throughD. beyond7. Just an hour ago he told me on the phone that he ______ home right after his work.A. has comeB. comesC. cameD. would come8. We really appreciate our learning environment, ______ we can have direct communication.A. whomB. whichC. whereD. when9. ______ the difference between the two findings is one of the worst mistakes you’ve made.A. IgnoredB. IgnoringC. To ignoreD. Having ignored10. ––You seem to be familiar with this city.—I ______ here for three years. It’s so great to be back.A. livedB. had livedC. have livedD. live11. I wish I ______ photography then. If so, I could give you a hand at present.A. studiedB. had studiedC. have studiedD. will study12. The girl’s eyes brightened when she saw the birthday present she ______.A. would promiseB. had promisedC. would be promisedD. had been promised13. If you leave this application form and go to another website, you will lose ______ you havealready filled out on this form.A. whateverB. whoeverC. whereverD. whenever14. In the library you can use your own computer to connect to Wi-Fi specially _____ for readers.A. preparingB. to prepareC. preparedD. prepare15. ––The small restaurant is always crowded in every part.––That’s ______ it has a unique dining environment and quite a few wonderful dishes.A. whyB. becauseC. whereD. when第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018北京朝阳高三二模物理试题及答案
2018北京市朝阳区高三第二次综合练习理综2018.5 本试卷共16页,共300分。
考试时长150分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
可能用到的相对原子质量:第一部分(选择题共120分)本部分共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
13.对于红、蓝两种单色光,下列说法正确的是A.在水中红光的传播速度较大 B.在水中蓝光的传播速度较大D.在真空中蓝光的传播速度较大 C.在真空中红光的传播速度较大14.关于α、β、γ三种射线,下列说法正确的是A.三种射线都带电 B.三种射线都是电磁波C.α射线的电离能力最强 D.β射线的穿透能力最强15.一质点做简谐运动的图像如图所示,下列说法正确的是t时质点的速度最大=1s A.t0 =2s B.时质点所受的回复力为8cmC.质点振动的振幅为4HzD.质点振动的频率为颗非静止颗静止轨道卫星和30.北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)是中国自行研制的全球卫星导航系统,其空间段由5164,静止轨道卫km颗非静止轨道卫星中有27颗是中轨道卫星。
中轨道卫星高度约为轨道卫星组成,301015?2.4星的高度约为。
下列说法正确的是km103.60?.中轨道卫星的周期一定小于静止轨道卫星的周期A .中轨道卫星的加速度一定小于静止轨道卫星的加速度B .中轨道卫星的动能一定小于静止轨道卫星的动能C .中轨道卫星的轨道平面与地球赤道平面一定重合DΦ匝的闭合矩形金属线圈,绕与磁感线垂直的固定轴匀速转动,穿过该线圈的磁通量.在匀强磁场中,一个10017tΩ随时间,则的变化关系如图所示。
已知线圈总电阻为2t A.时线圈平面平行于磁感线=1.0s t0 .时线圈中感应电流为=1.5 sB t0 .=2.0 s时线圈中的感应电动势为C8 JD.一个周期内线圈产生的热量为mv的物块轻放在传送带的.如图所示,水平传送带在电动机带动下始终保持以速度18匀速运动,某时刻一质量为左端。
2018届北京市朝阳区高三二模理数试题Word版含解析
2018届北京市朝阳区高三二模理数试题(考试时间120分钟满分150分)本试卷分为选择题(共40分)和非选择题(共110分)两部分第一部分(选择题共40分)一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,选出符合题目要求的一项.+对应的点位于1.已知i为虚数单位,则复数z=i(12i)A.第一象限 B.第二象限 C.第三象限 D.第四象限【答案】B【解析】试题分析:因为,所以对应的点的坐标是,故选B.考点:1.复数的运算;2.复数在复平面内所对应的点.2.执行如图所示的程序框图,则输出的S值是A.23 B.31 C.32 D.63【答案】B【解析】第一次循环: ; 第二次循环:第三次循环:第四次循环:第五次循环:第六次循环:结束循环,输出选B.点睛:算法与流程图的考查,侧重于对流程图循环结构的考查.先明晰算法及流程图的相关概念,包括选择结构、循环结构、伪代码,其次要重视循环起点条件、循环次数、循环终止条件,更要通过循环规律,明确流程图研究的数学问题,是求和还是求项. 3.“0,0x y >>”是“2y xx y+≥”的 A .充分而不必要条件 B .必要而不充分条件 C .充分必要条件 D .既不充分也不必要条件【答案】A 【解析】当时,由均值不等式成立。
但时,只需要,不能推出。
所以是充分而不必要条件。
选A.4.已知函数π()sin()(0)6f x x >=+ωω的最小正周期为4π,则A .函数()f x 的图象关于原点对称B .函数()f x 的图象关于直线π3x =对称 C .函数()f x 图象上的所有点向右平移π3个单位长度后,所得的图象关于原点对称D .函数()f x 在区间(0,π)上单调递增【答案】C 【解析】,所以不是奇函数, 图象不关于原点对称;时不是最值, 图象不关于直线对称; 所有点向右平移个单位长度后得为奇函数, 图象关于原点对称;因为,所以函数在区间上有增有减,综上选C.5.现将5张连号的电影票分给甲、乙等5个人,每人一张,且甲、乙分得的电影票连号,则共有不同分法的种数为A .12B . 24C .36D . 48 【答案】D【解析】甲、乙分得的电影票连号有种情况,其余三人有分法,所以共有,选D.点睛:求解排列、组合问题常用的解题方法:(1)元素相邻的排列问题——“捆邦法”;(2)元素相间的排列问题——“插空法”;(3)元素有顺序限制的排列问题——“除序法”;(4)带有“含”与“不含”“至多”“至少”的排列组合问题——间接法.6.某三棱锥的三视图如图所示,则该三棱锥最长的棱长为A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】三视图还原图形三棱锥,如下图:,所以最长边为,选C.7.已知函数log ,0,()3,40a x x f x x x >⎧⎪=⎨+-≤<⎪⎩(0a >且1)a ≠.若函数()f x 的图象上有且只有两个点关于y 轴对称,则a 的取值范围是A .(0,1)B .(1,4)C .(0,1)(1,)+∞UD .(0,1)(1,4)U 【答案】D 【解析】由题意得 与有且仅有一个交点,当时,有且仅有一个交点;当 时,需满足,因此的取值范围是,选D.点睛:涉及函数的零点问题、方程解的个数问题、函数图像交点个数问题,一般先通过导数研究函数的单调性、最大值、最小值、变化趋势等,再借助函数的大致图象判断零点、方程根、交点的情况,归根到底还是研究函数的性质,如单调性、极值,然后通过数形结合的思想找到解题的思路. 8.中国古代儒家要求学生掌握六种基本才艺:礼、乐、射、御、书、数,简称“六艺”.某 中学为弘扬“六艺”的传统文化,分别进行了主题为“礼、乐、射、御、书、数”六场传统文化知识的竞赛.现有甲、乙、丙三位选手进入了前三名的最后角逐.规定:每场 知识竞赛前三名的得分都分别为,,(,a b c a b c >>且,,)N a b c *∈;选手最后得分为各场得分之和.在六场比赛后,已知甲最后得分为26分,乙和丙最后得分都为11分,且乙在其中一场比赛中获得第一名,则下列说法正确的是A .每场比赛第一名得分a 为4B .甲可能有一场比赛获得第二名C .乙有四场比赛获得第三名D .丙可能有一场比赛获得第一名【答案】C【解析】若每场比赛第一名得分为4,则甲最后得分最高为,不合题意; 三人总分为,每场总分数为 分,所以,因此 甲比赛名次为5个第一,一个第三;而乙比赛名次有1个第一,所以丙没有一场比赛获得第一名,因此选C.即乙比赛名次为1个第一,4个第三,1个第二. 第二部分(非选择题 共110分)二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分. 9.双曲线22136x y -=的渐近线方程是 ,离心率是 . 【答案】 (1). (2).【解析】渐近线方程是 ,离心率为10.若平面向量(cos ,sin )a =θθ,(1,1)-b =,且a b ⊥,则sin 2θ的值是 .【答案】 【解析】由题意得11.等比数列{a n }的前n 项和为n S .已知142,2a a ==-,则{a n }的通项公式n a = , 9S = .【答案】 (1).(2). 2【解析】12.在极坐标系中,圆2cos ρθ=被直线1cos 2ρθ=所截得的弦长为 . 【答案】【解析】由题意得圆 ,直线 ,所以交点为 ,弦长为13.已知,x y 满足,4,2.y x x y x y k ≥⎧⎪+≤⎨⎪-≥⎩若2z x y =+有最大值8,则实数k 的值为 .【答案】【解析】由图知直线过A 点时取最大值8,由得 ,所以点睛:线性规划问题,首先明确可行域对应的是封闭区域还是开放区域、分界线是实线还是虚线,其次确定目标函数的几何意义,是求直线的截距、两点间距离的平方、直线的斜率、还是点到直线的距离等等,最后结合图形确定目标函数最值取法、值域范围.14.已知两个集合,A B ,满足B A ⊆.若对任意的x A Î,存在,i j a a B Î()i j ≠,使得 12i j x a a λλ=+(12,{1,0,1}λλ?),则称B 为A 的一个基集.若 {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}A =,则其基集B 元素个数的最小值是 .【答案】4三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出文字说明,演算步骤或证明过程. 15.(本小题满分13分)在△ABC 中, 角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c ,且b c =,2sin B A .(Ⅰ)求cos B 的值;(Ⅱ)若2a =,求△ABC 的面积.【答案】(1)(2)16.(本小题满分13分)从某市的中学生中随机调查了部分男生,获得了他们的身高数据,整理得到如下频率分布直方图.(Ⅰ)求a的值;(Ⅱ)假设同组中的每个数据用该组区间的中点值代替,估计该市中学生中的全体男生的平均身高;(Ⅲ)从该市的中学生中随机抽取一名男生,根据直方图中的信息,估计其身高在180 cm 以上的概率.若从全市中学的男生(人数众多)中随机抽取3人,用X表示身高在180 cm以上的男生人数,求随机变量X的分布列和数学期望EX.【答案】(1)(2)(3)【解析】试题分析:(1)根据频率分布直方图中小长方形面积等于对应区间概率及所有小长方形面积之和为1得,解得.(2)根据平均数等于组中值与对应概率乘积的和得平均值,(3)先确定随机变量的取法:.再利用组合数求对应概率,列表可得分布列.最后根据数学期望公式求期望.试题解析:解:(Ⅰ)根据题意得:.解得.(Ⅱ)设样本中男生身高的平均值为,则.所以估计该市中学全体男生的平均身高为.(Ⅲ)从全市中学的男生中任意抽取一人,其身高在以上的概率约为.由已知得,随机变量的可能取值为.所以;;;.随机变量的分布列为因为~,所以.点睛:求解离散型随机变量的数学期望的一般步骤为:第一步是“判断取值”,即判断随机变量的所有可能取值,以及取每个值所表示的意义;第二步是“探求概率”,即利用排列组合、枚举法、概率公式(常见的有古典概型公式、几何概型公式、互斥事件的概率和公式、独立事件的概率积公式,以及对立事件的概率公式等),求出随机变量取每个值时的概率;第三步是“写分布列”,即按规范形式写出分布列,并注意用分布列的性质检验所求的分布列或某事件的概率是否正确;第四步是“求期望值”,一般利用离散型随机变量的数学期望的定义求期望的值,对于有些实际问题中的随机变量,如果能够断定它服从某常见的典型分布(如二项分布),则此随机变量的期望可直接利用这种典型分布的期望公式()求得.因此,应熟记常见的典型分布的期望公式,可加快解题速度.17.(本小题满分14分)如图1,在Rt △ABC 中,90C ∠=︒,4,2AC BC ==,D E ,分别为边,AC AB 的中点,点,F G 分别为线段,CD BE 的中点.将△ADE 沿DE 折起到△1A DE 的位置,使160A DC ∠=︒.点Q 为线段1A B 上的一点,如图2.(Ⅰ)求证:1A F BE ⊥;(Ⅱ)线段1A B 上是否存在点Q ,使得FQ 平面1A DE ?若存在,求出1AQ 的长,若不存在,请说明理由; (Ⅲ)当1134A Q AB =时,求直线GQ 与平面1A DE 所成角的大小. 【答案】(1)见解析(2)在线段上存在中点,使平面.且(3)图1图2BA 1FCED QG ABCDEFG【解析】试题分析:(1)先根据等腰三角形性质得.再由折叠中不变的垂直关系得,根据线面垂直判定定理得平面,即得.最后再根据线面垂直判定定理得平面,即得.(2)利用空间向量研究线面平行关系,即通过平面法向量与直线方向向量垂直进行研究,先根据条件建立空间直角坐标系,设立各点坐标,利用方程组解出平面法向量,利用向量数量积求直线方向向量与法向量夹角,最后根据平面法向量与直线方向向量数量积为零列式求解参数.(3)利用空间向量求线面角,仍是先根据条件建立空间直角坐标系,设立各点坐标,利用方程组解出平面法向量,利用向量数量积求直线方向向量与法向量夹角,最后根据线面角与向量夹角之间互余关系列式求线面角大小.试题解析:解:(Ⅰ)因为,所以△为等边三角形.又因为点为线段的中点,所以.由题可知,所以平面.因为平面,所以.又,所以平面.所以.(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)知平面,,如图建立空间直角坐标系,则,,,,,.设平面的一个法向量为,,,所以即令,所以,所以假设在线段上存在点,使平面.设,.又,所以.所以.则. 所以.解得,.则在线段上存在中点,使平面.且(Ⅲ)因为,又,所以.所以.又因为,所以.因为设直线与平面所成角为,则直线与平面所成角为.18.(本小题满分13分)已知椭圆W:22221x ya b+=(0)a b>>的上下顶点分别为,A B,且点B(0,1)-.12,F F分别为椭圆W的左、右焦点,且12120F BF∠=.(Ⅰ)求椭圆W的标准方程;(Ⅱ)点M是椭圆上异于A,B的任意一点,过点M作MN y⊥轴于N,E为线段MN 的中点.直线AE与直线1y=-交于点C,G为线段BC的中点,O为坐标原点.求OEG∠的大小.【答案】(1)(2)见解析【解析】试题分析:(1)由顶点坐标得再在中利用椭圆几何条件得.(2)利用向量数量积研究的大小.先设,则得.求出直线与直线交点,得.再根据向量数量积得,根据代入化简得,即得.试题解析:解:(Ⅰ)依题意,得.又,在中,,所以.所以椭圆的标准方程为.(Ⅱ)设,,则,.因为点在椭圆上,所以.即.又,所以直线的方程为.令,得.又,为线段的中点,所以.所以,.因为,所以..19.(本小题满分14分)已知函数2()e xf x x x =+-,2(),g x x ax b =++,a b ÎR . (Ⅰ)当1a =时,求函数()()()F x f x g x =-的单调区间;(Ⅱ)若曲线()y f x =在点(0,1)处的切线l 与曲线()y g x =切于点(1,)c ,求,,a b c 的值;(Ⅲ)若()()f x g x ≥恒成立,求a b +的最大值.【答案】(1)(2)【解析】试题分析:(1)先明确函数定义域,再求函数导数,根据导函数符号确定单调区间,(2)由导数几何意义得切线斜率为,则得,.即得(3)不等式恒成立问题,一般转化为对应函数最值问题:先利用导数研究函数最值:当时,在上单调递增. 仅当时满足条件,此时;当时,先减后增,,再变量分离转化为,最后利用导数研究函数最值,可得的最大值. 试题解析:解:(Ⅰ),则. 令得,所以在上单调递增. 令得,所以在上单调递减.(Ⅱ)因为,所以,所以的方程为.依题意,,.于是与抛物线切于点,由得.所以(Ⅲ)设,则恒成立.易得(1)当时,因为,所以此时在上单调递增.①若,则当时满足条件,此时;②若,取且此时,所以不恒成立.不满足条件;(2)当时,令,得由,得;由,得所以在上单调递减,在上单调递增.要使得“恒成立”,必须有“当时,”成立.所以.则令则令,得由,得;由,得所以在上单调递增,在上单调递减,所以,当时,从而,当时,的最大值为.综上,的最大值为.20.(本小题满分13分)各项均为非负整数的数列}{n a 同时满足下列条件: ①m a =1 ()N m ∈*;②1n a n ≤- (2)n ≥;③n 是12n a a a +++的因数(1n ≥).(Ⅰ)当5=m 时,写出数列}{n a 的前五项;(Ⅱ)若数列}{n a 的前三项互不相等,且3≥n 时,n a 为常数,求m 的值; (Ⅲ)求证:对任意正整数m ,存在正整数M ,使得n M ≥时,n a 为常数.。
朝阳区2018届高三二模历史试题及答案(官方版)
北京市朝阳区2017~2018学年度第二学期高三第二次综合检测高三年级文综试卷 2018.5第一部分(选择题 140分)本部分共35小题,每小题4分,共140分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
12.中国和西方都创造了辉煌的文化。
下列属于同一世纪的是A.商鞅变法梭伦改革B. 《九章算术》《物种起源》C.《红楼梦》《十日谈》D.《本草纲目》日心说(《天体运行论》)13.学术界认为《论语》最初有《古论》《鲁论》《齐论》三个版本,汉魏时期《齐论》失传。
汉代海昏侯墓考古发掘出了失传已久的《齐论》竹简;同《鲁论》《古论》相比,一是多了“知道”“问王”两篇,二是章句多于《鲁论》。
该发现A.推动了儒家思想研究的深化B.佐证了秦始皇焚书对文化传承的破坏C.揭示了汉代儒学独尊的事实D.证实了汉代儒学与先秦儒学的差异性14.宋朝常常对农器、粮食、布帛等买卖免税,对民间小摊小贩零星细碎的日常生活品交易免税。
据此可知,宋代通过税收A.抑制土地兼并B.稳定社会秩序C.促进租佃经营D.集聚商业资本15.宋代史学家袁枢负责撰写国史人物传,其同乡章惇的家人请袁枢粉饰章惇的生平传记,袁枢回答说:“子厚(章惇的字)为相,负国欺君。
吾为史官,书法不隐,宁负乡人,不可负天下公议。
”袁枢认为治史应该注重①借古鉴今②经世致用③秉笔直书④赏善罚恶A.①②B.②③C.③④D.②④上表反映出A.传统的经济结构发生了根本性变化B.洋商垄断中国的进出口贸易C.中国逐渐沦为西方列强的原料产地D.中国近代民族工业逐步发展17.从战国到清末,《诗经》一直被奉为儒学经典,关于它的学术史也被纳入经学史,成为经学史的组成部分。
“五四”以后,对以《序》《传》为代表的传统《诗经》学展开了猛烈批判,并认定《诗经》是我国最早的一部诗歌总集。
据此得出的正确认识是A.《诗经》的思想内涵超越时代的局限B.对《诗经》的评价受特定历史条件的影响C.《诗经》的文学价值高于其思想价值D.西方文明传入提高了《诗经》的历史地位18.有学者称,20世纪初期,中国的青年学生、工商业者、工人等阶层将“一战”“巴黎和会”“山东问题”赋予了非同寻常的“历史记忆”。
2018朝阳高三二模数学理含答案-ad0f
log B= D.[1+,2,的位置关系为OA OB上单调递增”的α终边终边β终边终边 ABO xyC .充分必要条件.充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件.既不充分也不必要条件7.某校象棋社团组织中国象棋比赛.采用单循环赛制,即要求每个参赛选手必须且只须和其他选手各比赛一场,胜者得2分,分,负者得负者得0分,分,平局两人各得平局两人各得1分.分.若冠军获得者得分若冠军获得者得分比其他人都多,且获胜场次比其他人都少,则本次比赛的参赛人数至少为比其他人都多,且获胜场次比其他人都少,则本次比赛的参赛人数至少为A .4 B .5 C .6 D .7 8.若三个非零且互不相等的实数123,,x x x 成等差数列且满足123112x x x +=,则称123,,x x x 成一个“b 等差数列”.已知集合{}100,M x x x =£ÎZ ,则由M 中的三个元素组成的所有数列中,“b 等差数列”的个数为等差数列”的个数为A .25 B .50 C .51 D .100 第二部分(非选择题 共110分)二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.把答案填在答题卡上. 9.计算21=(1i)+______. 10.双曲线22(0)x y l l -=¹的离心率是_____;该双曲线的两条渐近线的夹角是______.11.若31()nx x-展开式的二项式系数之和为8,则n =____,其展开式中的含31x 项的系数为______.(用数字作答)(用数字作答)12.已知某三棱锥的三视图如图所示,则该三棱锥底面和三个侧面中,直角三角形个数是___.13.已知不等式组0,2,1(1)y x y y k x ³ìï+£íï+³+î在平面直角坐标系xOy 中所表示的平中所表示的平 面区域为D ,D 的面积为S ,则下面结论:,则下面结论:①当0k >时,D 为三角形;为三角形; ②当0k <时,D 为四边形;为四边形; ③当13k =时,4S =; ④当103k <£时,S 为定值.其中正确的序号是______.14.如图,已知四面体ABCD 的棱AB //平面a ,且2AB =,其余的棱长均为1.四面体ABCD 以AB 所在的直线为轴旋转xαDCBA1 正视图1 1 侧视图俯视图弧度,且始终在水平放置的平面a 的上方.如果将四面体ABCD 在平面a 内正投影面积看成关于x 的函数,的函数,记为记为()S x ,则函数()S x 的最小值为的最小值为 ;()S x 的最小正周期为的最小正周期为 . 三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出文字说明,演算步骤或证明过程. 15. (本小题满分13分) 已知函数()2sin (sin cos )f x x x x a =+-的图象经过点(,1)2p ,a ÎR .(Ⅰ)求a 的值,并求函数()f x 的单调递增区间;的单调递增区间;(Ⅱ)若当[0,]2x p Î时,不等式()f x m ³恒成立,求实数m 的取值范围.的取值范围.16.(本小题满分13分) 某市旅游管理部门为提升该市26个旅游景点的服务质量,对该市26个旅游景点的交通、安全、环保、卫生、管理五项指标进行评分.每项评分最低分0分,最高分100分.每个景点总分为这五项得分之和.点总分为这五项得分之和.根据考核评分结果,根据考核评分结果,绘制交通得分与安全得分散点图、绘制交通得分与安全得分散点图、交通得分交通得分与景点总分散点图如下:与景点总分散点图如下:请根据图中所提供的信息,完成下列问题:请根据图中所提供的信息,完成下列问题:(Ⅰ)若从交通得分前5名的景点中任取1个,求其安全得分大于90分的概率;分的概率;(Ⅱ)若从景点总分排名前6名的景点中任取3个,记安全得分不大于90分的景点个数为x ,求随机变量x 的分布列和数学期望;的分布列和数学期望;(Ⅲ)记该市26个景点的交通平均得分为1x ,安全平均得分为2x ,写出1x 和2x 的大小关系?系? (只写出结果)(只写出结果) 17.(本小题满分14分) 如图,在四棱锥P ABCD -中,平面PBC ^平面ABCD .△PBC 是等腰三角形,且3PB PC ==;在梯形ABCD 中,ABDC ,AD DC ^,5,4,3AB AD DC ===.(Ⅰ)求证://AB 面PDC ;PCDBA,2,3,;t为常数)题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案答案D D C B C A C B 题号题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 答案答案1i 2- 2π23 1-3③④③④24π)2)3p p 3p p p p 2)2]2)2当244x p p-=-,即0x =时,()f x 取得最小值1-. 因为不等式()f x m ³恒成立等价于()m f x £最小值, 所以 1m £-.故实数m 的取值范围是(,1]-¥-. ……13分16.(本小题满分13分) 解:(Ⅰ)由图可知,交通得分前5名的景点中安全得分大于90分的景点有3个.个. 故从交通得分前5名的景点中任取1个,其安全得分大于90分的概率为35.…………33分 (Ⅱ)由图可知,景点总分前6名的景点中安全得分不大于90分的景点有2个.个. 设从景点总分前6名的景点中任取3个,安全得分不大于90分的个数为x ,则x 的取值为0,1,2.所以343641(0)205C P C x ====; 122436123(1)205C C P C x ====;21243641(2)205C C P C x ====.故x 的分布列为的分布列为x 0 1 2P153515所以1310121555E x =´+´+´=. …………1010分 (Ⅲ)12x x >. ……1……133分DC ,AB PDC Ë平面平面ABCD 为原点,建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系F xyz -.DC ,AD 525.(25,0,0),5,0),5,0)-(25,0,0)FA 5,5,0)AB 5,PB (25,0,0)FA =0,AB PB = 555x y y 5y íïî5)(25,0,0)(1,2,5)10,25145FA ×>=×++10(25,5,0)AB 3CD AB .2AD AB BC CD AB BC 458525,5,0)25,0)z y x C DPBAF CDPB0,0,AD AP = 45855x 5x íïî5)([0,1])AH AP l l =Î(25,0,2)5AH AP l l l ==-(25,5,0)5(25(15,2BH BA AH l =+=//BH n .25(1)525l--x(,ln(2))a -¥- ln(2)a - (ln(2),1)a --1-(1,)-+¥()f x ¢+0 -0 +()f x↗极大值↘极小值↗又因为2(ln(2))ln (2)0f a a a -=-<, (0)0f =, 所以函数()f x 有一个零点. ②当ln(2)1a -=-,即12ea =-时, 当x 变化时,()f x ¢,()f x 的变化情况如下表:的变化情况如下表:x(,1)-¥-1-(1,)-+¥()f x ¢+0 +()f x↗1(1)ef a -=--↗所以函数()f x 在(,+)-¥¥上单调递增.上单调递增. 又因为(0)0f =,所以函数()f x 有一个零点.有一个零点.③当1ln(2)0a -<-<,即11(,)22ea Î--时, 当x 变化时,()f x ¢,()f x 的变化情况如下表:x(,1)-¥-1-(1,ln(2))a -- ln(2)a - (ln(2),)a -+¥()f x ¢+0 -0 +()f x↗ 极大值极大值 ↘ 极小值极小值 ↗所以函数()f x 在(1,ln(2))a --上单调递减,在(,1)-¥-和(ln(2),)a -+¥上单调递增.上单调递增.又因为22(2)2e +442e0f a a ---=--=-<,1(1)ef a -=--, 2(ln(2))ln (2)0f a a a -=-<,(0)0f =,所以当11(,)e 2e a Î--时,此时1(1)e f a -=--<,函数()f x 有一个零点;有一个零点;当1ea =-时,此时(1)0f -=,函数()f x 有两个零点;当11(,)2e a Î--时,此时1(1)0ef a -=-->,函数()f x 有三个零点.有三个零点.④当ln(2)0a -=,即12a =-时,显然函数()f x 有两个零点.有两个零点. 综上所述,(1)当1(,0)ea Î-时,函数()f x 有一个零点;有一个零点;(2)当11{,}e 2a Î--时,函数()f x 有两个零点; (3)当11(,)2ea Î--时,函数()f x 有三个零点.有三个零点. …………113分另外的解法提示:()(e 2)xf x x a x a =++,易知(0)0f =.即可考虑()e 2xg x a x a =++的零点. 19.(本小题满分14分) 解:(Ⅰ)由题意可知,抛物线的准线方程为12x =-. 抛物线C 的焦点到准线的距离为1. ……4分(Ⅱ)由已知设直线:(2)l y k x =-,显然0k ¹;11(,)A x y ,22(,)B x y ,12x x ¹. 由22,(2),y x y k x ì=í=-î得2240ky y k --=. 所以122y y k+=, 124y y =-.(ⅰ)因为点,B D 关于x 轴对称,所以22(,)D x y -.所以直线AD 的方程为121112()y y y y x x x x +-=--. 令0y =,得11211212211212()()x y y y x x x y x y x y y y y +--+==++2212211212122()2y y y y y y y y +===-+. 所以(2,0)M -. ……10分(ⅱ)记OAM D 与OAB D 面积分别为OAM S D ,OAB S D ,设(2,0)P则11211+()22OAMOABSSOMyOP y yD D =´+´+122y y =+1212222242y y y y ³´==.当且仅当212y y =,即122,22y y =±=时,时,42),),这时,2,3,),,2,3,)成立;成立;,2,3,)成立. 所以“{}n b 为常数列”是“对任意正整数1,{}n a a 都具有性质T ”的不必要条件.的不必要条件. 证毕证毕 …………113分。
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北京市朝阳区九年级综合练习(二)语文试卷2018.5 学校班级姓名考号一、基础·运用(共13分)小小的名字有着大学问,它蕴藏着深刻的内涵,闪烁着民族的智慧,是窥探中国文化的一个窗口。
阅读文段,完成第1-5题。
古人有名有字,婴儿出生三个月后由父亲命名,男子二十岁举行成人冠.礼时取字,女子十五岁举行笄礼时取字。
名和字意思要相应,通常构成同义关系、反义关系或相关关系。
比如孔子最得意的门生颜回,字子渊,渊就是回旋的水。
又比如孔子的弟子曾点,字皙。
点,是小黑点,皙,泛指白色,点和皙意思正好相反。
东吴名将周瑜,字公瑾;诸葛亮的哥哥诸葛瑾,字子瑜。
瑾和瑜都是美玉,名、字相应。
鲁迅小说《药》的主人公叫夏瑜,暗指“鉴湖女侠”秋瑾,夏和秋都是季节名,瑜和瑾是同义词,堪称①。
古人的名和字各有其用,使用中也有自己的原则【甲】自称己名是谦称,称人之字是尊称。
②。
《三国演义》中的张飞,字翼德。
长坂桥上,他面对曹操的大军,厉声大喝:“我乃燕人张翼德也【乙】谁敢与我决一死战?”声如巨雷。
这是何等的(háo) 壮!难怪曹军闻之,无敢近者。
1.文中加点字的读音和横线处字形的判断,全都正确的一项是(2分)A.冠.礼(guān) 豪B.冠.礼(guàn) 豪C.冠.礼(guān) 毫D.冠.礼(guàn) 毫2.根据语意,分别在横线①②处填入语句,最恰当的一项是(2分)A.相得益彰只有在特殊的场合古人才会自称字B.相得益彰只有在特殊的场合古人才会自称名C.匠心独运只有在特殊的场合古人才会自称名D.匠心独运只有在特殊的场合古人才会自称字3.根据语境,在【甲】【乙】两处分别填写标点符号,最恰当的一项是(2分)A.【甲】冒号【乙】逗号B.【甲】句号【乙】逗号C.【甲】句号【乙】叹号D.【甲】冒号【乙】叹号4.同学们依据《三国演义》中许攸见曹操的片段排演话剧。
结合古人用名、字的原则在【甲】【乙】处补充台词,最恰当的一项是(2分)许攸见曹操人物许攸,字子远。
曹操,字孟德。
前情袁绍不听许攸之言,借故囚禁许攸全家。
许攸走投无路,决意降曹。
曹操听说许攸到来,大喜,不及穿履,跣足出迎。
遥见许攸,抚掌欢笑,先拜于地。
许攸(慌扶起曹操)公乃汉相,吾乃布衣,何谦恭如此?曹操公乃【甲】故友,岂敢以名爵相上下乎!许攸某不能择主,屈身袁绍,言不听计不从,今特弃之来见故人。
愿赐收录。
曹操【乙】肯来,吾事济矣!愿即教我以破绍之计。
A.【甲】操【乙】攸B.【甲】孟德【乙】攸C.【甲】操【乙】子远D.【甲】孟德【乙】子远5.下面是某同学为两位古人设计的名片,请你将名片补充完整(3分)6.古典小说中,人物的绰号往往能体现其外貌特征或性格特点。
智多星吴用、豹子头林冲、鼓上蚤时迁……他们都出自《》,作者是。
(2分)二、古诗文阅读(共17分)(一)古诗文默写(共2分)7.学而不思则罔,。
(《论语》)(1分)8. ,月有阴晴圆缺,此事古难全。
(苏轼《水调歌头》)(1分)(二)古诗阅读(共6分)阅读《饮酒(其五)》,完成第9-11题。
饮酒(其五)陶渊明结庐在人境,而无车马喧。
问君何能尔?心远地自偏。
采菊东篱下,悠然见南山。
山气日夕佳,飞鸟相与还。
此中有真意,欲辨已忘言。
10.阅读画线句,发挥想象,用自己的话描述这联诗在你脑海中呈现的是怎样的画面。
(2分)答:11.作者眼中,菊花、山峦、云雾、飞鸟这些寻常景物皆可入诗。
我国古代诗歌中还有很多描写自然景物的句子。
请写出连续的两句:①,②。
(2分)(三)文言文阅读(共9分)阅读《僧怀素传》,完成第12-15题。
僧怀素①传陆羽怀素疏放,不拘细行,饮酒以养性,草书以畅志。
时酒酣兴发,遇寺壁里墙,衣裳器皿,靡②不书之。
贫无纸可书,尝于故里种芭蕉万余株,以供挥洒。
书不足,乃漆一盘书之,又漆一方板,书至再三,盘板皆穿。
怀素心悟曰:“夫学无师授,如不由户.而出。
”乃师邬彤③,授其笔法。
至中夕而谓怀素曰:“‘孤蓬自振,惊沙坐飞,余师而为书,故得奇怪④。
’凡草圣尽于此。
”怀素连叫数十声曰:“得之矣。
”经岁余,辞之去.。
至晚岁,颜太师真卿问之曰:“夫草书于师授之外,须自得.之。
张长史⑤睹孤蓬、惊沙之外,见公孙大娘剑器舞,始得低昂回翔之状。
师⑥亦有自得之乎?”素曰:“贫道观夏云多奇峰,辄常师之。
夏云因风变化,乃无常势,又无壁坼⑦之路,一一自然。
”颜公曰:“噫!草书之渊妙,代不绝.人,可谓闻所未闻之旨也。
”(有删改)注释:①[怀素]唐代书法家,善草书,与张旭齐名。
②[靡]无。
③[邬彤]唐代书法家,张旭的学生。
④[奇怪]不寻常的事物。
⑤[张长史]张旭,唐代书法家。
⑥[师]学习。
⑦[壁坼]墙壁裂开。
12.下列加点字意思不相同...的一项是(2分)A.如不由户.而出月色入户.B.辞之去.乃记之而去.C.须自得.之得.之心而寓之酒也D.代不绝.人绝.巘多生怪柏13.依据上下文,对“书至再三,盘板皆穿”的理解正确的一项是(只填序号)(2分)【甲】反复书写,连盘板都被写穿了。
【乙】把盘板穿在一起,再写三次。
14.选文记述了怀素学习书法的经历,从中我们可以悟出一些关于学习的道理。
请你从文中找出一处,并说出自己的感悟。
(3分)答:15.下图是怀素的《自叙帖》(局部)。
下列对作品欣赏正确的一项是(2分)A. 似蚕头,如燕尾,飘逸而不失端庄。
B. 或如丝,或如发,风吹欲绝又不绝。
C. 恰似强弓劲弩射千里,疾劲有力。
D. 若辕门列兵,森然环卫,庄严肃穆。
三、名著阅读(共6分)16. 孝,是一种传统美德。
请结合下面几则语录中的任意一则,说说你在生活中如何尽孝。
(3分)①子曰:“父母唯其疾之忧。
”(《论语·为政》)②子曰:“父母在,不远游,游必有方。
”(《论语·里仁》)③子曰:“色难。
有事,弟子服其劳;有酒食,先生馔。
曾是以为孝乎?”(《论语·为政》)④子曰:“父母之年,不可不知也;一则以喜,一则以惧。
”(《论语·里仁》)⑤子曰:“今之孝者,是谓能养。
至于犬马,皆能有养;不敬,何以别乎?”(《论语·为政》)答:17.小说中人物间的矛盾和冲突最能突显人物性格。
请结合你读过的名著,选择相关情节,说说其中体现的人物性格。
(3分)答:四、现代文阅读(共24分)(一)阅读下面材料,完成第18-20题。
(共7分)【材料一】图1图2【材料二】2016年8月,国家邮政局出台了《推进快递业绿色包装工作实施方案》,力争到2020年,基本淘汰有毒有害物质超标的包装物料,基本建成社会化的快件包装物回收体系。
绿色包装指对生态环境和人类健康无害,能重复使用和再生,符合可持续发展的包装。
它的理念有两个方面的含义: 一个是保护环境,另一个就是节约资源。
这两者相辅相成,不可分割。
其中保护环境是核心,节约资源与保护环境又密切相关,因为节约资源可减少废弃物,其实也就是从源头上对环境的保护。
从技术角度讲,绿色包装是指以天然植物和有关矿物质为原料研制成对生态环境和人类健康无害,有利于回收利用,易于降解,可持续发展的一种环保型包装,也就是说,其包装产品从原料选择、产品的制造到使用和废弃的整个生命周期,均应符合生态环境保护的要求。
18.综合【材料一】中的两幅图,得出一个有意义的结论。
(要求:用“因为……,所以……”的句式)(3分)答:19.依据【材料二】,说说国家邮政局为什么出台《推进快递业绿色包装工作实施方案》。
(2分)答:20.综合两则材料,下列做法不符合...《推进快递业绿色包装工作实施方案》的一项是(2分)A.某公司用可循环利用的塑料快递箱代替传统纸箱投递。
B.某公司快递大规模应用电子运单,使用率近80%。
C.某公司将快递小哥使用的摩托车全部更换成电动车。
D.某公司均使用免胶带的快递箱和可生物降解的循环快递袋。
(二)阅读《叶至善:一个一生咬文嚼字的人》,完成第21-23题。
(共10分)叶至善:一个一生咬文嚼字的人①叶至善先生是叶圣陶的长子。
他是1945年正式从事编辑工作的,直到晚年还在为父亲编文集,写传记,编龄长达60年之久。
这在出版界当属凤毛麟角。
先生还是著名的科普作家,当过出版社的社长、总编,又是全国政协常委、科普作家协会理事长、民主促进会名誉副主席……但他最看重的头衔还是“编辑”。
他曾编过一本集子,书名便叫《我是编辑》,干脆,明确,坚定,从中流露出来的是职业的自豪感。
②也许是因为自幼受到父亲的影响吧,至善先生称自己有“编辑瘾”,“老觉着没做够”。
他曾在一首《贺新凉》的词中吐露心声:“矻矻何为者,事雕虫、咬文嚼字,灯前窗下。
烟蒂盈盘茶重沏,忽忽秋冬春夏。
且不悔为人作嫁……”“且不悔”的“且”字,他说不是暂且的“且”,在北京方言中,“且”字比“终”字还要斩钉截铁。
这“且不悔”三字,该蕴藏着多少人生故事!在长期的编辑生涯中,先生不仅表现出了高尚的职业操守,而且训练出了敏锐的编辑眼光,无论是审稿还是编稿,总是目光如炬,运笔如刀,追求一种至善的文字境界。
③且说有一次,先生审读一部关于候鸟的稿子,稿中谈到了军舰鸟。
作者说军舰鸟体形硕大而性格凶猛。
先生作为科普作家,自有丰富的生物学知识,立即发现了其中的疑点:候鸟中有体形硕大的,但并不是猛禽,而猛禽中似乎没有候鸟。
难道军舰鸟是一个特例?查核资料后证实:军舰鸟并非候鸟。
这些说来都是常识问题,而编辑的职业敏感,正是由常识构成的。
④至善先生不止一次说过:“编辑就是咬文嚼字。
”他做案头工作,自是不放过一个文字疑点,就连读书也会流露出编辑的职业习惯,先生写的《一个编辑读<红楼梦>》一文,便是从文字角度切入的,在红学研究中,可谓别具一格。
文中有一节谈《红楼梦》中的两个小人物:“卜世仁夫妻俩”。
先生拈出《红楼梦》中的两段文字,作了非常有趣的比较:⑤《红楼梦》第二十三回,写到住在后街的贾芹之母周氏,通过凤姐为儿子贾芹谋得一个差事:“管办”贾府里的十二个小沙弥并十二个小道士。
贾芹“就职”那天,你看他那副得意样:“登时雇了大脚驴,自己骑上;又雇了几辆车,至荣国府角门,唤出二十四个人来,坐上车,一径往城外铁槛寺去了。
”⑥《红楼梦》第二十四回,写到贾府的另一个穷亲戚贾芸,到舅舅卜世仁家借贷。
卜世仁是个生意人,在《红楼梦》中只出场一次。
贾芹率队往铁槛寺,恰巧被他看到。
他绘声绘色地给外甥说:“前日我出城去,撞见了你们三房的老四,骑着大叫驴,带着五辆车,有四五十和尚道士,往家庙去了。
他那不亏能干,这事就到他了。
”⑦至善先生认为这两段文字很值得咀嚼。
前面一段虽是寥寥几笔,但写出了小人得志的神态。
“登时雇了大脚驴”的“登时”,“唤出二十四个人出来”的“唤出”,“一径往城外铁槛寺去了”的“一径”,都给客观叙述涂上了感情色彩;而后一段则渲染了生意人的艳羡之情,“他那不亏能干,这事就到他了”,简直眼红得连口水都流了下来。