英语学法指导

高三英语学法指导与基础训练(二)

如何解答阅读理解中的问题

在准备阅读理解测试时，要对经常出现的问题进行总结。高考中的阅读理解问题，主要涉及文章中的知识细节，概括中心意思，猜测陌生词语的意思和推理判断。测试问题方式采用多项选择题型，每题给出四个备选答案，要求从中选出一个最佳答案。例如：考查主题思想或段落大意

The story mainly tells us ________.

The best title of this passage should be ________.

推理判断测试题

We can infer from the passage ________.

We can conclude from the passage ________.

应对阅读理解测试时的注意事项

1．如有的文章带标题，应仔细看标题。标题是文章主题的高度概括，它可以给我们一些启示和线索。

2．先快速浏览一下全文，大概了解一下这是记叙文还是科普文章，中文注释的单词是什么意思，这一步要快。

3．仔细看原文，凡人物与数字或地名可用笔作个记号，没弄明白的地方也可划个线，

以便看完全文再重读。读时要注意弄明白句子的主谓结构，同时在大脑中加工所得到的信息。

4．看完文章，即可做题。要注意四个选项都看看，不要只看了一两个就作出判断。对有把握的题，在做完判断后就不要折回原文核对了。但对没有把握的题则应把相关的句或段重看一次。

5．判断词义词性时要注意结合上下文。人家考的是在特定的环境下的意思。

6．概括中心意思时，要注意不可离题太远，太笼统，但也不要只概括一段或几句的意思。段落大意一般常与该段首句或尾句有关。

7．问及对某个问题的看法与态度，要记住是在问作者态度，而不是问你作为中国学生的想法。

8．考查文章细节的问题一定要在原文中找到出处。

9．如时间够，还应复读全文，核对各题答案，完成未定之题。要注意各题的答案要逻辑一致，不能自相矛盾。

练习与解析

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Treasure hunts（寻宝）have excited people’s imagination for hundreds of years both in real life and in books such as Robert Louis Stevenson’s Treasure Island. Kit Williams, a modern writer, had the idea of combining the real excitement of

a treasure hunt with clues（线索）found in a book when he wrote a children’s story, Masquerade, in 1979. The book was about a hare, and a month before it came out Williams buried a gold hare in a park in Bedfordshire. The book contained a large number of clues to help readers find the hare, but Williams put in a lot of “red herrings”, or false clues, to mislead them.

Ken Roberts, the man who found the hare, had been looking for it for nearly two years. Although he had been searching in the wrong area most of the time, he found it by logic

（逻辑）, not by luck. His success came from the fact that he had gained an important clue at the start. He had realized that the words: “One of Six to Eight” under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry VIII’s six wives. Even here, however, Williams had succeeded in misleading him. Ken knew that Katherine of Aragon had died at Kimbolton in Cambridgeshire in 1536 and thought that Williams had buried the hare there. He had been digging there for over a year before a new idea occurred to him. He found out that Kit Williams had spent his childhood near Ampthill, in Bedforshire, and thought that he must have buried the hare in a place he knew well, but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1772.

Even then his search had not come to an end. It was only after he had spent several nights digging around the cross that he decided to write to Kit Williams