主动语态和被动语态的转换

主动语态和被动语态的转换

语态(Voice) 是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。被动语态(Passive Voice) 表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。主动语态则表示主语是动作的执行者。

（1）各种时态的被动语态

1）一般现在时的被动语态

We sweep the floor every day. The floor is swept every day by us .

We clean the windows every week. The windows are cleaned every week by us.

2）现在进行时的被动语态

Miss Chen is teaching me English now. I am being taught English by Miss Chen now.

I am writing my homework. My homework is being written by me.

The girl is watering flowers. The flowers are being watered by the girl.

3）现在完成时的被动语态

We have bought a new house recently. A new house has been bought recently by us.

We have planted a lot of flowers in the classroom.

A lot of flowers have been planted in our classroom.

4）一般将来时的被动语态

I shall/will do a better job next time. A better job will be done next time.

My father is going to stop smoking. Smoking is going to be stopped by my father.

He is going to help me tomorrow. I am going to be helped by him tomorrow.

Where are you going to put these tables? Where are these tables going to be put by you? You are to deliver these flowers before ten. These flower were to be delivered before ten.

I am to find an interesting story. An interesting story was to be found .

Many people are about to lose their jobs. Their jobs ____________________ lost.

I am about to finish my homework when he comes in.

My homework ________________________when he comes in.

一般将来时的动词形式

1.主动语态：shall/will +v. 被动语态：shall/will be +v-ed.

2.主动语态：am/is /are going to +v. 被动语态：am/is /are going to be +v-ed.

3.主动语态：am/is /are to +v. 被动语态：am/is/are to be +v-ed.

4.主动语态：am/is /are about to +v. 被动语态：am/is/are about to be +v-ed.

注意:只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态。不及物动词，不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态。

5）一般过去时的被动语态哪些句子可以变成被动语态？

A ram(公羊) saw a fence built with bamboo and wood in front. The fence blocked its way. It cast a sidelong glance at the fence, lowered its neck and lunged(刺) at the fence, hoping to knock it down. The fence remained intact but the ram injured its own horns.

A ram(公羊) saw a fence built with bamboo and wood .

A fence built with bamboo and wood was seen by a ram.

The fence blocked its way. Its way was blocked by the fence.

It cast a sidelong glance at the fence. A sidelong glance was cast at the fence by it.

The ram injured its own horns. The ram’s horns were injured by itself.

6）过去进行时的被动语态

He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. His car was being cleaned by him then.