名词性从句典型错误例析

It depends on whether we have enough time. They don’t know whether to go there . Please come to see me if you have time .
同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语， 一般位于该名词 如news，fact，idea ，suggestions， promise等的后面，说明该名词的内容。 I have no idea when he律：
1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money it on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our it sports meeting. 3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. that 4. It doesn’t matter that you will come or not. whether
找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：
7. If we will have a meeting hasn't been decided yet. Whether we will have a meeting hasn’t been decided yet. 8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it. It depends on whether the weather is …...
I don’t know whether /if the report is true or not.
4) 介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。Whether 可与不定式连用。Whether也可引导主语从句，表 语从句，同位语从句，还可以引导让步状语从句， 以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if， 不能用whether。
3 whether 与if 都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。 但是下面情况不能互换。
1）宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。 I wonder if it doesn’t rain. 2) 用if会引起误解，就要用whether Please let me know whether you want to go. 3) 宾语从句中的whether与 or not 直接连用，就不 能换成if；不直接连用，可换。 I don’t know whether or not the report is true .
What which 引导名词性从句时都在从句中充当句子的 某一成分，如主语，表语，宾语或定语，其区别是： what表示泛指的事物，常译为“什么”。Whatever是 它的强语势“无论什么”；
Which表示特定事物中的“哪一个（些）一般情况下在 从句中充当定语，后接名词，在一定的语境中，它所修 饰的名词可以省略，whichever是它的强语势“无论哪 一个（些）
The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody .
名词性从句要注意的问题
1 that，what，which
1）that引导名词性从句时只起连接从句的作用， 本身没有任何意义，因此在从句中不担任任何 句子成分，它的使用要注意以下几点： 引导宾语从句时，that常可省略，但如果主句 后跟有并列宾语从句时，只能省略第一个that， 若宾语从句前有别的从句时，that也不能省略。 He told me (that ) he was all right and that he would come to see me when he was free.
here. freedom. (which)
6. The first request that he made was to ask for 7. It was said that that was all that he said.
8. Is this the house that you have bought yourself? (which) 问题：that 作何成分？
表语从句
1 表语从句在复合句中作表语，位 于系动词之后 The question was who could go there . 2 引导表语从句的连接词that 有时 可以省去。 My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.
结论一：
名词从句充当句子的主要成分； 定于从句充当句子的修饰成分。
3. 关于that:
that 在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？
1. He pretended (that) he didn’t see me.
2. That she lost her necklace on the way home
I believe what（whatever）he says .
I will give her which (whichever )book she likes on the shelf .
找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 1. Can you tell me how many students are there in your class? Can you tell me how many students there are in your class? 2. I don't know where has he gone. I don't know where he has gone. 规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！
That 引导主语从句位于句首时不可以省略，如果it作形 式主语，而that从句至于句末，这时that不能省略
That he has lost his work is not true . It is not true that he has lost his work .
当主语为 the reason 时注意应用that引导表语从句，不 能受汉语影响而误用because
The reason why he was late was that he missed the early bus .
引导同位语从句时，切不可错用which。 Word has come that some American guests will come to visit our school next week .
高三英语总复习语法专项训练
名词性从句
名词性从句用法
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、 宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从 句、宾语从句、和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词 1 连接代词：who ,whose ,whom ,what, which.有词义， 在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语和定语 2连接副词：when, where, how, why，how 。有词义， 在从句中担任成分，作状语。 3连接词：that ,whether ,if ,as if . that 无词义，在从 句中不担任成分，有时可以省去； whether ,if ,as if 虽 有词义，但是在从句不担任成分。
规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助 “it” 而后置。 问题：想想看是什么“适当的情况”？
名词从句与定语从句 的主要区别
1. 成分上的区别： 名词从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么 样的成分？
1. How the prisoner escaped remains a mystery. 主语 2. I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job. 宾语 3. The problem is who will be equal to the task. 表语 4. He had no idea whether we could overcome the present difficulties or not.
宾语从句
1 宾语从句在复合句中作宾语，引导宾语从 句的连接词that一般可以省。 I hope（that）everything is all right . 2 介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which、if连 接，要分别用what或whether。 I am interested in whether you ’ve finished the work . I am interested in what you’ve said.
同位语
5. I visited the country which/that had been bombed by
the US-led NATO (美国为首的北约) a month before． 6. I shall never forget the years when I lived in the countryside with the farmers 7. I had never seen such a good film as I watched last night.
用法分述
主语从句 1 主语从句在复合句中作主语 Who will go is not important . 2 用 it 作形式主语，主语从句放在句 末。 It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not . 3 that 引导主语从句时，不能省。 That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised .
made her so worried.
3. It is necessary that we should learn a second language. 4. It is said that he works hard at English.
问题：that 作何成分？
5. The school that my sister studies at is far from
找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 4. We suggested that we would go to the cinema. We suggested that we (should) go to the cinema. 5. My idea is that we must do our homework first. My idea is that we (should) do our homework first. 6. His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable. His proposal that we (should) go there on foot…... 规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！ 问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？
9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting. The question is whether he himself will be present …...
10. He asked me if I could go with him or not. He asked me whether I could go with him or not. 规律三：4种情况只能用whether ： （1）位于句子开头； （2）前面有介词； （3）引导表语从句； （4）与or not连用。