(全)高考英语真题考点详解-定语从句

高考英语真题考点详解-定语从句

定语从句在高中阶段是重点也是难点，是每年高考必考题。本人对于定语从句的复习做如下建议，考生要掌握：

1 定语从句的构成；

2 关系代词和关系副词的用法；

3关系代词或关系副词与先行词的搭配原则；

4 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句的结构；

5 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别与用法；

真题归纳：

关系代词

4.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.

【答案】which

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中缺opened 一词的宾语，故用which。

5.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals.

【答案】who/that

【解析】句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who/that。

6.【2019·新课标III卷·短文改错】In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.

【答案】

In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment that/which is created for them.

【解析】environment 之后是定语从句，同时也是被定语从句所修饰的先行词environment，指物。句中从句的主语误用了what，故把what改为

that/which。

7【2019·浙江卷·语法填空】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark.

【答案】that/which

【解析】cloth后是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物；定语从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。

.8【2019·北京卷·语法填空】The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.

【答案】who

【解析】句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。

___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those；句中从句缺主语，即关系代词作从句的主语，而those做先行词指人时，只能用who。

9【2018·北京】5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.

A. which

B. who

C. as

D. that

【答案】A

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中作主语，故该从句应用关系代词which 引导。A选项正确。

10【2018·天津】Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.

A. whom

B. that

C. whose

D. her

【答案】C

【解析】句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，而在非限定性定语从句代替sister 并且作定语的，只有关系代词whose，故选C。

11【2018·新课标I卷·语法填空】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes (cause).

【答案】that或which

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处先行词a study是物，定语从句缺主语，故填that或which。

12.【2018·新课标II卷·语法填空】Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.

【答案】that或who

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。本句中被定语从句修饰的先行词是westerners，指人；而定语从句缺主语，故填who/that。