外文翻译---壳聚糖对红掌组培污染菌的抑制作用

外文资料翻译CHITOSAN ON ANDRAEANUM TISSUE INHIBITIONOF BACTERIACONTAMINATIONAbstract: The fungi was isolated and purified from polluted anthurium subculture medium, identified to be DeuteromycotinaHyphpmycetesHyphomycetalesDematiaceae and trichoderma. The inhibition effect of the three kinds of chitosan on the fungi wasconducted.The results showed that the chitosan had inhibition effect on the fungi. The higher concentrations of chitosan had a betteinhibition effect than the lower ones.The inhibition effect of 50000 and 250000 molecular weight chitosan is better than that of the3000 molecular weight. It is preliminarily proved that chitosan had good inhibition effect on the fungi from polluted tissue culture ,andwill have good application value in the fields of pollution prevention in flowers tissue culture.Key words: tissue culture; contamination; Chitosan; inhibition effectPlant tissue culture, not only in plant breeding, rapid propagation of seedlings and the production of useful secondary metabolites, such as the use of a wide range of plant genetic engineering is and Plant Molecular Biology, one of the important foundation for the study [1]. Pollution, browning, glass and tissue culture are the main problems, including pollution of the most common[2]. Therefore take effective prevention and control measures to reduce the chance of contamination occurred, tissue culture is an important guarantee for success. Chitosan (chitosan) is the chitin in strong alkaline conditions from BAfter the formation of acyl an important derivative is determined by a number of N-acetyl glucosamine through β-(1-4) glycosidic bond linking the nature of it more lively. Has natural antibacterial properties of chitosan, and a broad spectrum antimicrobial, in recent years, chitosan in various fields such as agriculture，medicine [3], manufacture [4], food [5], etc. The use of great importance. Tissue culture of the chitosan in the application of inhibition has not been reported. This experiment to be from the contaminated medium subculture andraeanum extraction, purification and identification of bacteria contamination, with different molecular weight chitosan and different concentrations of their inhibition, and explore the best inhibitory effect of chitosan molecular weight and the best inhibitory concentration, in order to explore the chitosan as a new type of antimicrobial agent to provide specific information.1 Materials and Methods1.1 Test materials1.1.1 IsolatesStreptomyces bacteria pollution (code-named WCHPA), separated from the laboratory contamination andraeanum subculture medium.1.1.2 Test for DrugsChitosan, a Zhejiang Xing Biotechnology Australia Limited, a molecular weight of 3kd (degree of deacetylation> 80%), 50kd (degree of deacetylation> 90%), 25kd (degree of deacetylation> 90%)[6].1.1.3 Medium PDA mediumPotatoes 200g, glucose 20g, agar 20g, distilled water 1000ml, pH value of the natural.1.2 Test Method1.2.1 Isolation and purificationClean out the work in Taichung andraeanum subculture medium pollution fungi, from PDA medium. Repeat several times until the colony characteristics and morphology changes are no longer, we can identify bacteria have been purified.1.2.2 Identification of bacteria contaminationContinuous observation of colony morphology after purification. Film production equipment to further observe the shape strain, mycelium, spores, spore cell spore cell morphology and conidiation of the ways and forms and so on, taking pictures with a digital microscope.1.2.3 Bacteriostatic TestThat the different molecular weight chitosan with 1M solution of acetic acid dissolved mixed with PDA medium to produce a final concentration of chitosan (0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0)mg/ml of culture medium, 1M solution of sodium hydroxide by adjusting pH value of 6.0, in addition to the control without chitosan, the other with the addition of chitosan in the same medium[7]. To eliminate all high-pressure cooker sterilization 30min under 121 ℃and pour plate. Mycelium white to green after 24h and then into a brown, hyphae developed, velvet-like, 3d training around the middle of the brown and white flocculent mycelium of fimbriae produced. Hyphae are separated from a long stalk conidia to produce lateral branches whorled branches meristematicconidiation short bottles. Single-cell conidia oval, smooth.2 Results and Analysis2.1 Andraeanum symptoms subculture medium pollutionAndraeanum subculture in growth medium brown Fimbriae, medium surface was black, brown and white mycelium on the flocculation between the hyphae.2.2 fungal pure culture and identification of the resultsPDA medium in the upper colony diameter, edge neatly, spore germination of the PDA medium by adding chitosan, 4d clearly observed after the colony is surrounded by a black halo, black halo and colony growth as to the relocation of . The better the general inhibitory effect of the more obvious black halo[8]. Colony has no control this phenomenon. Chitosan molecular weight and concentration of the bacteriostatic effect.2.3. The same three concentrations of the bacteriostatic effect of chitosan molecularweight comparedConcentration of 0.5mg/ml 3 species of molecular weight chitosan WCHPA colony inhibitory effect of six concentrations of three kinds of molecular weight of chitosan on the inhibition rate of colony WCHPA results 0.5mg/ml concentration of three kinds of molecular weight chitosan there is no clear law, the maximum inhibitory rate of 50,000 in molecular weight of chitosan for the culture medium for 20.45%. Inhibitory rate and the time and no close ties. The results show that the concentration of 0.5mg/ml of the three kinds of molecular weight of the antibacterial effect of chitosan has not been satisfactory[9]. 5d prior to the first three kinds of chitosan molecular weight the greater the inhibitory rate of the higher molecular weight, and are extended over time to reduce the rate of inhibition. In paragraph 5d, 3000 molecular weight inhibitory rate of more than two other inhibitory rate of molecular weight, molecular weight and inhibition rate of 3000 also reached the highest value. At its bacteriostatic effect after 7d and 5d is similar to before, the greater the inhibitory rate of the higher molecular weight.3 Discussion and conclusions3.1 Chitosan as a potential new antibacterial agentsPollution plant tissue can be broadly divided into two types of operations may produce air pollution mainly mold contamination; explants is itself brought about by bacteria primarily by fungal and bacterial contamination[10]. High inhibitory rate was as high as 79.55%. Antibiotics in tissue culture is now the most common molecular weight of chitosan and 3.2 have an important impact on antimicrobial properties of the experimental results from the 50,000 and 250,000 the bacteriostatic effect of chitosan molecular weight than that of 3000; the highest inhibitory rate in the 250,000 molecular weight concentration of 3.0mg/ml and 2.0mg/ml of the two. But on the whole, taking into account the factors of price and its operation to the conclusion that the experimental molecular weight of 50,000 as the best concentration of 1.5mg/ml. 3.2 Concentration on the antimicrobial properties of chitosan have a significant impactQiu-ping [11], The results show that the antimicrobial effect of chitosan with its concentration increases, the experimental results support the results of the study. A wide range of applications of chitin, chitosan in the medical, food, environmental protection, in areas such as chemical products have wide-ranging and important applications. Chitosan flowers will be used for tissue culture would be very good prospects.References[1]MK.Razdan. Zun-Xiao-an, ZHU Yang translation.Introduction to Plant Tissue Culture [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press ,2006:1-2.[2]Hu, ZHANG Li-jun,baixuemei, et al. Plant Tissue Culture Pollution Analysis and the disinfection of explants [J]. Anhui Agricultural Science, 2007,35 (3) :680-681.[3]Yi-Ting Wang,wanglianping , Mou Hero, et al. Industrial production of tissue culture studies of pollution and its control [J]. Anhui Agricultural Science, 2005, 33 (12): 2357 - 2358.[4]Chiang big.Chitin [M]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 1996.[5]Fu Tian Xia, LIU Xiao-yu, Liu Zhiheng.Chitosan's antibacterial properties of the progress of applied research [J]. Liaoning Chemical, 2005,1234 (12) :541-544. [6]Yu Hanshou, Wu Zhang, Yang Bing. Chitosan inhibit research progress of plant diseases[J].Natural products research and development,1999,12 (3) :94-97.[7]Li Fang,shishaowei. Chitosan Preparation and application in the food industry Mechanism [J]. Food and Drug, 2006 (03A) :19-22.[8]Wu, Xia water.Non-biological factors on the antibacterial activity of chitosan [J]. Food Science, 2004,25 (7) :53-55.[9]wuxiaoyong, Qing-Xiao Zeng, MOshaofang. Several of the antibacterial properties of chitosan [J]. Food and Fermentation Industry, 2005,206 (2) :18-21. [10]Hu, ZHANG Li-jun,baixuemei, et al. Plant Tissue Culture PollutionAnalysis and the disinfection of explants [J]. Anhui Agricultural Science, 2007,35(3) :680-681.[11]Qiu-ping, Chitosan on mango Colletotrichumgloeosporioides, Diplodiaantagonism bacteria [J]. Food and machinery, 2005,21, (1) :25-27.壳聚糖对红掌组培污染菌的抑制作用摘要：在污染的红掌继代培养基中提取污染菌并进行了分离及纯化，初步鉴定为为半知菌亚门（Deuteromycotina),丝孢纲（Hyphpmycetes),丝孢目（Hyphomycetales）,淡色孢科（Dematiaceae）,木霉属（trichoderma）。