高级英语5 教案 unit1

Unit One

Text I:

Hit the Nail on the Head

By Alan Warner

I)Pre-reading Brainstorming:

1)What does the proverb “Hit the nail on the head”

mean?

2)Why does the author encourage people to “Hit the nail

on the head” mea n?

Note: Hit the (right) nail on the head: be exactly right in words or action (说/做得对;正中

要害,一针见血,中肯)

E.g. Your analysis really hit the nail on the head.

* Gustave Flaubert: (1821-1880), French novelist, was

associated with the movement of naturalism and known as one

of the greatest realists of nineteenth-century France. His

writing is marked by exactness and accuracy of observation,

extreme impersonality and objectivity of treatment, and

precision and expressiveness in style, or the principle of the

mot juste.

* Mrs. Malaprop: a famous character in Sheridan’s comedy

‘The Rivals’ (情敌). She is noted for her blunders in the

use of words. So the word malapropism means such mistakes

(wrong use of words).

* Hindi: a literary and official, language of northern India.

* Swahili: a language that is a trade and governmental

language over much of East Africa in the Congo region.

* Bantus:people belonging to a group of tribes in equatorial

and southern Africa..

II)Comprehension:

1)Main Idea:

To facilitate one’s own process of cognition and one’s

communication with others, one must be able to choose the right

word from the extensive vocabulary of the English language.

2)Purpose of writing and Tone:

To inform learners of English as foreign language the way of

mastering English, thus presenting in a serious manner.

3)Organization and Development:

●Introduction(P1):

Using an analogy to dramatize the importance of choosing right

words for one’s purpose in writing;

●Body (2-10):

(P2-3) Addressing double functions of the correct choice of words / significance of finding the right words;

(P4-7) Semantic differences between words having the same root;

(P8) Wrong choice of words caused by failure to recognize their connotations;

(P9) Stylistic differences between synonyms;

(P10) The abundance of specific words in English for general notions;

Conclusion (P11):

Emphasizing quality over quantity in the mastery of English words;

4)Comprehension Questions:

(1)Which sentence in the first paragraph establishes the link

between the driving of a nail and the choice of a word?

--- “So with language; … firmly and exactly.”

(2)What does the word “this” in sentence 1, Para. 2, refer to?

--- Getting the word that is completely right for the writer’s purpose.

(3)Do you agree with the author that there is a great deal of truth

in the see mingly stupid question “How can I know what I think

till I se what I say?” Why or why not?

--- (Yes). It sounds irrational that he a person does know what he himself thinks before he sees what he says. But as a matter of

fact, it is quite true that unless we found the exact words to

verbalize our own thoughts we can never be very sure of what

our thoughts are; without words, our thoughts cannot be

defined or stated in a clear and precise manner.

(4)Explain why the word ”Imprison” in the example given in

para.9, though not a malapropism, is still not the right word for

the writer’ purpose.