初中英语被动语态(人教版)

三、被动语态
(1) 被动语态的用法：
①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by短语。

如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故)/ This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的)
②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。

如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻)/ A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里将要修建一条铁路)
③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。

如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的)/ A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的)
(2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态：
主动句：主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语(人/物) + 其他+ 状语(动作的执行者) (各种时态形式) (动作的承受者)
被动句：主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + by +人/ 物+ 其他+ 状语
(动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者)
(3) 注意点：
①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。

如：
His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a dictionary by his te acher.(老师给他一本字典→他得到老师一本字典)
也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语。

如：His teacher gave him a dictionary.→A dictionary was given to him by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典→一本字典由老师送给了他)/His father made him a kite.→A kite was made for him by his father.(他的父亲给他做了一个风筝→一个风筝由他的父亲做给了他)
②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加to.如：The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day.→The poor man was made to work 12 hours a day.(老板让这个可怜的人一天工作12小时→这个可怜人被迫一天工作12小时)
③“动词+…+介词”改为被动时,介词一般在原位不动。

如：The girl takes good care of her little brother.→The girl’s l ittle brother is taken good care of by her.(女孩照顾小弟弟→女孩的小弟弟由她照顾着)
④“be+过去分词”未必表示被动语态,而可能是系表结构。

如：
He is pleased / worried / tired /…….(系表)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……)
He was hit / knocked down / told / shot / …….(被动)(他被击中/撞倒/关照/射中……)
（二）句型转换
1. Two years ago we used that machine to make shoes for children.(01中考)
Two years ago that machine ________________________ shoes for children.
2. You must throw the broken pottery away at once.（02中考）
The broken pottery _____________________________ at once.
3. You must hand in your history homework by the weekend.（04中考）
Your history homework _________________________ by the weekend.
4. We should water the young trees every two days.（06中考）
The young trees _______________________________ every two days.
5. Our teacher doesn’t let us go o ut of our school at lunch time.
We _______________________ go out of our school at lunch time.
6. How long have you kept the book?
How long __________________________________________?
7. She gave me a present.
I __________________________________________________.
A present ___________________________________________.
8. They made their mother a birthday cake.
Their mother ________________________________________.
A birthday cake ______________________________________.
第二部分、强化训练A
1. We know that English ______ all over the world.
A. is spoken
B. is speaking
C. speaks
D. has spoken
2. Computer ____ in everyday life in this country before long.
A. is used
B. will use
C. will be used
D. was used
3. It’s true that his bad teeth ____ out by himself.
A. has been pulled
B. have been pulled
C. has pulled
D. pulled
4. I’ve told the old man his money _____ by the policemen.
A. has been found
B. have been found
C. have found out
D. has found
5. What ______just now?
A. was happened
B. were happened
C. happened
D. happens
6. The children ______ not to play with the fire .
A. are told
B. tell
C. are asking
D. warn
7. ---____ the Internet _____ in your school?
---Yes , but the computer in our office often refuses to work.
A. Is, used
B. Is, using
C. Does, use
D. Has, used
8. ---Something is wrong with the car.
---Don’t worry. I’ll have it _______ soon.
A. fixed
B. mending C .to repair D. to fix
9. ---- Football by the British at the beginning of last century.
---- Th at’s probably why football is one of the most popular games in England.
A. was invented
B. invented
C. was inventing
D. invents
10. The PRC was ______ on October 1st 1949.
A. found
B. find
C. founding
D. founded
11. I turned back only to find myself ______ by a group of beggars.
A. follow
B. following
C. to follow
D. followed
12. Now her lost books are usually______ the library.
A .returned
B .returned to C. paid D. paid to
13. Paul doesn’t have to be made ______.He always works ha rd.
A. to learn
B. learn
C. learning
D. learns
14. ---My trousers are______ .
---I’ll buy you a new pair.
A. wore out
B. worn out
C. wearing out
D. sold out
15. Don’t you know sweaters can’t _______ that way?
A. be washed
B. being washed
C. being washing
D. wash
强化训练B
( ) 1. Don’t make so much noise. We _______ to the music.
A. listened
B. listen
C. are listening
D. have listened ( ) 2. I must return the camera to Li Lei. I _______ it for two weeks.
A. keep
B. borrowed
C. have kept
D. have lent
( ) 3. –When will you tell him the good news?
--I will tell him about it as soon as he _______ back.
A. comes
B. came
C. will come
D. is coming
( ) 4. –Dad, please open the door, it _______. –OK, dear. I’m coming.
A. locks
B. locked
C. is locked
D. was locked
( ) 5. –Did you go to Jim’s birthday party? --No, I _______.
A. am not invited
B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t invited
D. didn’t invite
( ) 6. A talk on Chinese history _______ in the school hall next week.
A. be given
B. has been given
C. will be given
D. will give
( ) 7. You may go fishing if your work _______.
A. is done
B. will be done
C. has done
D. have done
( ) 8. –What do you think of the football match yesterday?
--Well. It’s surprising. The strongest team of our school _______.
A. was beaten
B. won
C. scored
D. was failed
10. The police _______ lots of help by the people in the city.
A. has been given
B. has given
C. have been given
D. have given
11. Pork ______ out in this shop. We can ______ now.
A. has been sold, get nothing
B. have been sold, get nothing
C. has been sold, get some
D. have been sold, get some
12. Last night the thief ______ by the police.
A. got caught
B. is caught
C. were caught
D. was catch
13. It’s known that the paper for books and magazines ______ from wood.
A. are made
B. is made
C. has been made
D. is being made
14. The “ Thousand-hand Guanyin” ______ by many people as the best performance at CCTV’s Spring Festival Evening.
A. has been regarded
B. are regarded
C. has regarded
D. regards
15. In recent years, many child are made _____ what they are not ______.
A. to do, interested in
B. to do, interested
C. do, interested
D. do, interested in
16. ---- Why are you late?
---- My bike broke down. I had it ______.
A. repaired
B. repairs
C. repair
D. repairing
17. ---- I’d like to borrow a book ____ “ Chicken, run.”
---- Let me check it on the computer. Here it is. It_____ Kate has got it.
A. called, says
B. called, is said
C. is called, says
D. is called, is said
18. Please tell me when Guangzhou _____ the Asian Games?
A. will hold
B. will be held
C. holds
D. is going to held
19. Usually before exams, students _____ two minutes to write down their names.
A. were given
B. gave
C. give
D. are given
20. ---- The room is so dirty.
---- So it is! The dustbins ______ since we came here.
A. haven’t been emptied
B. hasn’t been emptied
C. haven’t emptied
D. hasn’t emptied
21. Here are the photos _______ in London.
A. who are taken
B. that took
C. which I was taken
D. that were taken
22. How long have Mr. and Mrs. White _______?
A. married
B. be married
C. got married
D. been married。