英语句子中的八大成分

英语句子中的八大成分

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英语句子中的八大成分

目的：1.帮助理解句子2.帮助组织句子

概述： 1.英语句子的成分有8

2.句子由各成分组合而成

3.主语和谓语动词是句子的必要成分

1.谓语动词 2 .主语 3.宾语 4.表语

5.定语

6.状语

7.补语

8.同位语

1.谓语动词（predicate verb）

说明主语的动作或状态；有动词或动词短语充当：

u We study English.

2.主语（subject）表示描述的是“谁”或是“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象；

u 通常有名词\代词\动词不定式，动名词或从句等担任

u The sun rises in the east.

u To refuse him is not easy this time. =It is not easy to refuse him this time

u Reading a foreign language is easier. =It is easier reading a foreign language

u That he will come is certain. = It is certain that he will come.

3.宾语(object)，是放在动词或介词之后，完成其意义的一个成分；

通常由名\代动词不定式 \ v-ing或从句等担任

u We love china.

u They live in a lonely village.

u He has finished doing his homework.

u He taught me how to learn English.

u I found that he was wrong.

4.表语（predicative）说名主语的性质特征状态身分，通常出现在系动词之后。

u通常由名词\代词\数词\介词短语\动词不定式\ v_ing或从句充当

uWe are Chinese.

uTo see is to believe.

uMy hope is that he is soon well again.

⒌定语(attributive)修饰或限定名词或代词用的；

通常由形容词\代\数\介词短语\动词不定式\v-ing\过去分词或从句充当:

uThere is a warm room to live in.

u I know the man standing there.

u Is there anything planned for tonight.

uWe reached the place where he lives.

6.状语(adverbial)修饰动词形容词副词或整个句子用的；

通常由副词\介词短语\动词不定式\v-ing或从句担任: u He runs fast.

u I am very happy.

u My aunt will come back in three days.

u They stood there waiting for the bus.

u He will phone you as soon as he comes back.

7.补语(complement)补充和说明主语或宾语用的；

通常由形容词\名词\代词\数词\v-ing不定式等担任：u We elected him monitor.

u I helped her to carry a heavy box.

u Mr.Smith wants his son to become a lawyer.

u I saw a girl running to me.

通常由名词\代词\或从句担任：

– this is Mr. Zhou , our headmaster.

– We heard the news that our team had won