矿井提升机电控系统原理设计

矿井提升机电控系统原理设计

摘要

我国矿井提升机大多是采用交流异步电机拖动，其电气控制系统采用转子串、切电阻调速，由继电器-接触器构成逻辑控制装置。本文以安全、可靠、高效、经济为出发点，以可靠性原则为依据，对矿井交流提升机电控系统进行研究设计，由可编程控制器(PLC)代替继电器-接触器构成的逻辑控制装置。其中简单介绍了国内外矿井提升机发展概况，提升机机械结构、工作原理，分析了其技术经济性。对于PLC的控制原理及应用做了一般性的介绍。详述了提升机电控系统和调速原理，如：测速部分和保护部分。本文以TKD-NT单绳缠绕式矿井提升机为例，提出了研究设计方案，并且在实践中成功实施。PLC电控系统实现了对提升过程的程序控制，精度高；实现了速度、电流以及矢量的数字交换等，对提升机进行闭环调节；实现行程、速度等重要参数及提升状态的监视；实现无触点控制，寿命长，可靠性大大提高，具有良好的控制监视系统；实现了显示、记录等有关数据的全部自动化。

关键词：矿井交流提升机，PLC，调速，电控技术研究

THE DESIGN OF ELECTRIC CONTROL SYSTEM

BASED ON MINE ELEVATOR

ABSTRACT

In China, mine elevator whose electric control system uses speed regulation by means of stringing and slicing the rotor resistance, and it constitutes the logic control device by the relay and contactor adopting the means of the drive of AC asynchronous motor in most cases. This paper which studies and designs the electric control system of AC mine elevator, adopting PLC which takes the place of the logic control device constituted by the relay and contactor takes the security, reliability, high efficiency, economy as a starting point, and takes the reliability principle as the basis. There into, this paper gives a brief introduction on the development of mine elevator in home and abroad, its framework and theory, while doing some economic study. Then, it introduces the theory and application of PLC simply. On the side, it goes into particulars about electric control system, for example, speed measurement and safeguard. This paper sets TKD-NT elevator for an example, proposes the research and design plan which puts in practice successfully. The electric control system based on PLC has carried out the procedure control of hoist process and high accuracy, closed-cycle control of mine elevator through speed, electric current as well as digital switching of vector and so on, the monitor of important parameters such as the distance of travel, speed, the state of hoist. In addition, the system also has carried out contact less control, long life-span, reliability greatly improved, good control supervisory system and completely automation of relevant data’s demonstration, recording and so on.

KEY WORDS: AC mine elevator, PLC, speed regulation, electric controltechnology research

目录

摘要 (1)

绪论 (4)

第1章国内外矿井提升机发展概述 (5)

1.1 国内矿井提升机现状 (5)

1.2我国矿井提升机电气控制系统的现状 (5)

第2章提升机机械结构及工作原理 (7)

2.1机械结构 (7)

2.2工作原理 (8)

第3章串电阻调速系统 (10)

3.1串电阻调速系统原理 (10)

3.2串电阻调速程序 (11)

第4章提升机电控系统构成 (18)

4.1引言 (18)

4.2主回路 (19)

4.3测速回路 (20)

4.4安全回路 (21)

4.5控制回路 (22)

4.5.1 信号回路 (22)

4.5.2 电机正反转回路 (22)

4.5.3 制动回路 (23)

4.5.4 转子电阻控制回路 (23)

4.6监控系统 (24)

4.6.1 上位机 (24)

4.6.2 操作台 (25)

第5章PLC 操作主控系统原理及应用 (26)

5.1PLC系统组成 (26)

5.2各单元基本特点 (26)

第6章技术经济性分析 (28)

结论 (30)

致谢 (32)

参考文献 (33)