道路与桥梁专业英语课后句子

第四课课文

This force prevents the cracks from developing by eliminating or considerably reducing the tensile stresses at the critical sections at services load, thereby raising the bending, shear and torsional capacities of the sections.

这种力能消除或大大减少使用荷载在跨中及支座等临界截面处产生的拉应力，阻止裂缝出现，从而提高截面的抗弯、抗剪和抗扭能力。

Although it might appear that the blocks will slip and vertically simulate shear slip failure, in fact they will not because of the longitudinal force P.

虽然看起来好像块体会滑移并发生垂直剪切滑动破坏，但事实上由于纵向力p的作用，这

种情况不会出现。

But again, because of the compressive prestress imposed by the metalbands as a form of circular prestressing, they will remain in place.

但又是由于金属箍施加的压应力产生了环形预应力，因而木桶仍保持原样。

Linear prestressing had progressed a long way from the early days.

线预应力从出现以来，已经有了很大的发展。

The success in the development and construction of all these structures has been due in no small measure to the advances in the technology of materials, particularly prestressing steel, and the accumulated knowledge in estimating the short and long-term losses in the prestressing forces.

所有这些结构物的建造成功，在很大程度上应归功于材料技术的进步，也应归功于预应力损失计算方法的不断完善。

阅读材料

According to the AASHTO technology implementation group, HPC, which is concrete thathas been designed to be more durable, and, if necessary, stronger than conventional concrete, can help highway agencies to build bridges that are better able to hold p to traffic and environmental demands.

根据美国各州公路与运输工作者协会技术实施部的论述，高性能混凝土是一种经过设计后耐久性更好，强度比常规混凝土更高的混凝土（必要时），公路部门可以用其修建承受更大车辆荷载和更高环境要求的桥梁。

The section of mix proportions is the process of choosing suitable ingredients of concrete and determining their relative quantities with the object of producing as economically as possible concrete of certain minimum properties, notably strength, durability and a required consistency.

混合料配合比设计是在最经济而满足强度、耐久性与所需稠度最低性能要求的目标下？选择适宜的混凝土组分并确定其相对数量的过程。

Generally, these methods are based on fundamental functions: water-to-cement ratio the constancy of water demand and theory of optimum aggregates proportioning, all of which determine mixtures with the required properties.

这些方法通常都是基于如下基本公式进行的：水灰比、恒定用水量与集料最佳配合比理论，他们确保混合料能满足相应的性能要求。

Silica fume is also often used in ternary combinations with Portland cement with fly ash or slag.

硅粉通常与水泥中的粉煤灰和矿渣形成三组分结构。

The stress-strain behavior is depended on a number of parameters which include material variables such as aggregate type and testing variables such as age at testing, loading rate, strain gradient and others.

应力应变性能取决于各种参数的取值，包括集料类型等材料变量以及试验龄期、加载速率、应变梯度与其他各种试验变量。

Lesson5 结构设计原理

①The successful designer is at all times fully conscious of the various considerations that were

成功的设计者在任何时候都能全面的考虑到结构初步设计中包含的各种因素，同时还充分考虑到以后施工中可能遇到的各种问题。