钻井液工艺原理A期末考试试卷

课程号：0201171 《钻井液工艺原理》期末考试试卷（A）

考试形式：闭卷考试考试时间：120分钟

班号学号姓名得分

Note: All answers can be given either in English or Chinese!

1.Please interpret the following definitions in detail(解释下列概念)

（20 points，each 4 points）

①. Main functions of the drilling fluids（钻井液的主要功能）

答：

②. The causes of the negative potential at the surface of clay mineral

（粘土矿物表面带负电荷的原因）

答：

③. Give concept and the description of mud cake and explain effect of

the cake on driiling operation（泥饼的概念与描述方法及其对钻井作业的影响）

答：

O

H Cl OH Al Mg 214.072.343.05.0)(•

④. The function of Na 2CO 3 and its mechanism （Na 2CO 3在钻井液中的作用及作用原理） 答：

⑤. Based

on

the

structures

of

Mg(OH)2

and

(MMH), explain why MMH sheet

possesses postive charge （根据水镁石Mg(OH)2和正电胶结构，说明MMH 晶片带有正电荷的原因

答：

2. Density of drilling fluid and its effect on drilling operation, then give the design basis and adjustment of drilling fluid density (钻井液密度及其对钻井作业的影响，并说明钻井流体密度设计基础和调节密度的方法) （10 points ） 答：

3.Explain the following differences between montmorillonite

[(A13.34Mg0.66)(Si7.0Al l.0)O20(OH)4] and Illite [(K,Na,Ca2)m(Al,Fe,Mg)4(Si,A1)8O20(OH)4·nH2O] based on the structure and the formula:

a)Why does Illite have more negative charges than montmorillonite?

b)Why does montmorillonite have more cation exchange capacity than

Illite?

c)Why does montmorillonite have more yielding capacity than Illite?

d)Why is K+ used to drill formation than contain montmorillonite?

（根据蒙脱石和伊利石的结构及其化学成分解释这两种粘土矿物以下不同特性）（10 points, each 2 points）

a)伊利石晶与蒙脱石格取代位置的区别？

b)为什么伊利石的负电荷比蒙脱石多？

c)为什么蒙脱石阳离子交换容量比伊利石

多？

d)为什么蒙脱石的造浆能力最强？

e)为什么用K+钻进含蒙脱石地层？

答：

4. Please write out the rheological equation of Bingham Plastic fluid and state its physical meanings and influential factors of parameters in equation and the control methods (写出宾汉塑性流体的流变方程，并阐述流变方程中各流变参数的物理意义和影响因素)（10 points ） 答：

5. Based on the filtration equation μ

t

f f p K A V sm sc f )1(

2-∆=, explain a) the factors that affect the filtration properties of drilling fluids; b)the effect of filtration on drilling operation; c)adjustment and control of filtration; d)the reason of adopting foam to prevent loss of circulation? (根据静滤失方程μ

t f f p K A V sm sc f )1(

2-∆=，说明a ）影响钻井液失水的因素；b ）失水对钻井作业的影响；c)滤失性能的调控；d)为什么说采用泡沫泥浆可以预防钻孔漏失？) （10 points ） 答：

putation(10 points, each 5 points)

①. Using Fann 35A Viscometer, die dial readings are θ

600＝40，θ

300

＝28,

compute apparent viscosity, plastic viscosity and yield point and its apparent viscosity under 300rpm(使用Fann 35A型旋转粘度计，测得某

种钻井液的θ

600＝45，θ

300

＝30，求该钻井液的表观粘度、塑性粘度、动切

力和300rpm下的表观粘度)

解：

②. Make up 100 m3 drilling fluid with density of 1.05 g/cm3, compute the

needed bentonite(in ton) and water(m3), densities of bentonite and water are assumed 2.6 g/cm3 and 1.0 g/cm3 respectively（配制100方密度为1.05 g/cm3的钻井液，计算所需要的膨润土（吨）和水（方）量，假设膨润土的密度为2.6 g/cm3，水的密度为1 g/cm3）

解：